Luke 20:43 - Whose Son is the Christ?

Audio Bible

Context

Whose Son is the Christ?
…42For David himself says in the book of Psalms: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand 43until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’ 44Thus David calls Him ‘Lord.’ So how can He be David’s son?”…

Cross References

Psalm 110:1
A Psalm of David. The LORD said to my Lord: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”Matthew 22:44
‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’Mark 12:36
Speaking by the Holy Spirit, David himself declared: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand until I put Your enemies under Your feet.”’Acts 2:34-35
For David did not ascend into heaven, but he himself says: ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand / until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet.”’Hebrews 1:13
Yet to which of the angels did God ever say: “Sit at My right hand until I make Your enemies a footstool for Your feet”?1 Corinthians 15:25
For He must reign until He has put all His enemies under His feet.Ephesians 1:20-22
which He exerted in Christ when He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly realms, / far above all rule and authority, power and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in the present age but also in the one to come. / And God put everything under His feet and made Him head over everything for the church,Colossians 3:1
Therefore, since you have been raised with Christ, strive for the things above, where Christ is seated at the right hand of God.Hebrews 10:12-13
But when this Priest had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins, He sat down at the right hand of God. / Since that time, He waits for His enemies to be made a footstool for His feet,Revelation 3:21
To the one who overcomes, I will grant the right to sit with Me on My throne, just as I overcame and sat down with My Father on His throne.Psalm 2:8-9
Ask Me, and I will make the nations Your inheritance, the ends of the earth Your possession. / You will break them with an iron scepter; You will shatter them like pottery.”Psalm 8:6
You made him ruler of the works of Your hands; You have placed everything under his feet:Psalm 18:40
You have made my enemies retreat before me; I destroyed those who hated me.Psalm 21:8-9
Your hand will apprehend all Your enemies; Your right hand will seize those who hate You. / You will place them in a fiery furnace at the time of Your appearing. In His wrath the LORD will engulf them, and the fire will consume them.Psalm 47:3
He subdues nations beneath us, and peoples under our feet.

Luke 19:27
But those mine enemies, which would not that I should reign over them, bring hither, and slay them before me.

Psalm 2:1-9
Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? …

Psalm 21:8-12
Thine hand shall find out all thine enemies: thy right hand shall find out those that hate thee…

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Luke 20

until I make
This phrase indicates a future action and fulfillment of a promise. It reflects God's sovereign plan and timing. The use of "until" suggests a period of waiting and anticipation, emphasizing God's control over history and His ultimate victory over evil. This aligns with the biblical theme of God's patience and the eventual establishment of His kingdom.

Your enemies
In the biblical context, "enemies" often refers to those who oppose God's will and His anointed one. Historically, this can be seen in the opposition faced by Israel and later by Jesus Christ. Theologically, it represents the spiritual forces of evil and those who reject God's authority. This phrase connects to the broader biblical narrative of the conflict between good and evil, as seen in passages like Ephesians 6:12.

a footstool for
The imagery of a footstool signifies complete subjugation and defeat. In ancient Near Eastern culture, placing one's feet on the necks of conquered foes symbolized total victory. This metaphor is used in several Old Testament passages, such as Joshua 10:24, to depict triumph over adversaries. It underscores the ultimate authority and dominion of the Messiah.

Your feet.”’
The reference to "Your feet" points to the Messiah, Jesus Christ, as the one who will exercise dominion over His enemies. This imagery is consistent with the messianic prophecy found in Psalm 110:1, which is frequently quoted in the New Testament to affirm Christ's exaltation and authority (e.g., Hebrews 1:13). It highlights the fulfillment of God's promise to establish His Son's reign over all creation.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus Christ
The speaker of this passage, quoting from the Psalms, affirming His authority and divinity.

2. David
The original author of the Psalm being quoted (Psalm 110:1), recognized as a prophet and king in Israel.

3. Pharisees and Sadducees
Religious leaders of the time who were questioning Jesus' authority and teachings.

4. Jerusalem
The city where Jesus was teaching in the temple courts when this dialogue took place.

5. Enemies
Symbolically representing those who oppose God's kingdom and Christ's authority.

Teaching Points

Christ's Authority
Jesus' use of this scripture underscores His divine authority and fulfillment of prophecy. Believers are called to recognize and submit to His lordship in every area of life.

Victory Over Opposition
The imagery of enemies as a footstool signifies ultimate victory over all opposition. Christians can find hope and assurance in Christ's triumph over sin and death.

Fulfillment of Prophecy
This passage highlights the importance of understanding Old Testament prophecies and their fulfillment in Christ, encouraging deeper study of scripture.

Spiritual Warfare
Believers are reminded of the ongoing spiritual battle and the assurance of victory through Christ. This calls for vigilance and reliance on God's power.

Eternal Perspective
The promise of Christ's enemies being subdued encourages believers to maintain an eternal perspective, focusing on God's ultimate plan and purpose.

Lists and Questions

Top 10 Lessons from Luke 20What does 'The LORD said to my Lord' mean?Luke 20:41-44: How can David call the Messiah 'Lord' if He is also David's descendant, and isn't this genealogically contradictory?Did Jesus ascend to Paradise on the crucifixion day? Yes, per Luke 23:43. No, per John 20:17.What does making enemies a footstool signify?Parallel Commentaries ...

Greek

until
Ἕως (Heōs)
Conjunction
Strong's 2193: A conjunction, preposition and adverb of continuance, until.

I make
θῶ (thō)
Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Active - 1st Person Singular
Strong's 5087: To put, place, lay, set, fix, establish. A prolonged form of a primary theo to place.

Your
σου (sou)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 4771: You. The person pronoun of the second person singular; thou.

enemies
ἐχθρούς (echthrous)
Adjective - Accusative Masculine Plural
Strong's 2190: Hated, hostile; subst: an enemy. From a primary echtho; hateful; usually as a noun, an adversary.

a footstool
Ὑποπόδιον (Hypopodion)
Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular
Strong's 5286: A footstool. Neuter of a compound of hupo and pous; something under the feet, i.e. A foot-rest.

for
τῶν (tōn)
Article - Genitive Masculine Plural
Strong's 3588: The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.

Your
σου (sou)
Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 2nd Person Singular
Strong's 4771: You. The person pronoun of the second person singular; thou.

feet.”’
ποδῶν (podōn)
Noun - Genitive Masculine Plural
Strong's 4228: The foot. A primary word; a 'foot'.

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