Strong's Hebrew: 2856. חָתַם (chatham) -- To seal, to close up, to make an end

Strong's Lexicon

chatham: To seal, to close up, to make an end

Original Word: חָתַם
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: chatham
Pronunciation: khaw-tham'
Phonetic Spelling: (khaw-tham')
Definition: To seal, to close up, to make an end
Meaning: to close up, to seal

Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: - G4972 (σφραγίζω, sphragizo): To seal, to set a seal upon, to mark with a seal

Usage: The Hebrew verb "chatham" primarily means to seal or to close up. It is used in various contexts, including the sealing of documents, the closing of a door, or the completion of a task. The act of sealing often signifies authority, authenticity, and finality. In biblical times, a seal was used to secure and validate documents, indicating ownership or approval.

Cultural and Historical Background: In ancient Near Eastern cultures, seals were significant for legal and official purposes. They were typically made of stone, metal, or clay and were engraved with unique designs or inscriptions. A seal was pressed into soft clay or wax to leave an impression, serving as a signature or mark of authenticity. The use of seals in the Bible reflects the importance of authority and covenant, as seen in the sealing of decrees, letters, and covenants.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
a prim. root
Definition
to seal, affix a seal, seal up
NASB Translation
obstructs (1), seal (6), sealed (15), seals (2), sets a seal (1), shut (1).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

חָתַם verb seal, affix seal, seal up (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲתַם, ; Ethiopic Arabic (whence ) is loan-word according to Frä²⁵²) —

Qal Imperfect3masculine singular יַחְתֹּם Job 9:7; Job 33:6, יַחְתּוֺם Job 37:7, וַיַּחְתֹּם Esther 8:10, etc.; Imperative חֲתֹם Daniel 12:4, חֲתוֺם Isaiah 8:16, חִתְמוּ Esther 8:8; Infinitive absolute חָתוֺם Jeremiah 32:44; construct לַחְתֹּם Daniel 9:24, + Daniel 9:24 Kt (Qr לְהָתֵם); Participle active חוֺתֵם Ezekiel 28:12; pass. חָתוּם Deuteronomy 32:24 2t., etc.; —

1 seal, affix one's seal, in attestation; seal with king's seal (בְּחֹתָמוֺ) 1 Kings 21:8, בְּטַבַּעַת המלך Esther 8:8,10; of covenant with ׳י, attested by seal (passive) Nehemiah 10:1; Nehemiah 10:2; figurative, of ׳י putting his seal upon (בְּ) discipline, i.e. ratifying it, Job 33:16; perhaps also upon hand of man (that man may know ׳יs ways) Job 37:7 see De; Di below

2 seal up hand of man, so that he cannot work with it (in winter).

2 seal up, fasten up by sealing, a deed of sale Jeremiah 32:10,11(opposed to הַגָּלוּי that which was left open,), Jeremiah 32:14; Jeremiah 32:44, a book of prophecy Daniel 12:4 ("" סְתֹם הַדְּבָרים), compare Daniel 12:9 ("" id.), Daniel 9:24 b; so in simileof unintelligible prophecy Isaiah 29:11 (twice in verse); חֲתֹם תּוֺרָה בְּלְמֻּדָ֑י Isaiah 8:16 seal up the teaching among my disciples, i.e. keep it securely ("" צוֺר); of ׳יs remembrance of offences חָתוּם בְּאוֺצְרֹתָ֑י Deuteronomy 32:34 ("" כָּמֻס עְמָּדִי), so חָתוּם בִּצְרוֺר מִּשְׁעִי Job 14:17 ("" וַתִּטְמֹּל עַלעֲֿוֺנִי); מַעְיָן חָתוּם Songs 4:12 a fountain sealed up, metaphor of chaste woman ("" גַּן (גַּל) נָעוּל); ׳וּבְעַד כּוֺכָבִים יַח Job 9:7 and about the stars he putteth a seal ("" of forbidding sun to rise). — אַתָּה חוֺתֵם תָּכְנִית Ezekiel 28:12 is obscure: thou wast one sealing proportion, i.e. perfection, — wast complete perfection, Ges Sm.; wast a sealer of symmetry see Da; wast a seal (ring) — i.e. חוֺתַם construct — of proportion Manuscripts ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hi compare Ew; text perhaps corrupt, see suggestions in Co. — Daniel 9:24 a read Qr לְהָתֵם (see תמם). Job 33:16; Job 37:7 see below

1. Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular [or Participle?] נִכְתָּ֔ב וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם Esther 3:12 (it was) written and sealed בְּטַבַּעַת הַמֶּלֶךְ; Infinitive absolute וְנַחְתּוֺם Esther 8:8 (continuing participle נִכְתָּ֣ב) also + ׳בְּטַבַּעַת הַמּ; both passive of

Qal 1. Pi`el Perfect3plural יוֺמָם חִתְּמוּלָֿמוֺ Job 24:16 literally by day they seal up for themselves, i.e. according to most, they shut themselves up, do not shew themselves ("" לֹא יָדְעוּ אוֺר); ᵐ5 C has ἡμέρας ἐσφράγισαν εἀυτοῖ ς (B and others εἁυτους), whence Siegf conjecture plausibly ׳ל ׳יָמִים ח they seal up the days unto themselves, i.e. daytime is for them sealed up and unused.

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular אוֺהֶֿחְתִּים בְּשָׁרוֺ מִזּוֺבוֺ Leviticus 15:3 or hath his flesh (genital organ) shewn stoppage by reason of his flux.

[חֲתַם] verb seal (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

make an end, mark, seal up, stop

A primitive root; to close up; especially to seal -- make an end, mark, seal (up), stop.

Forms and Transliterations

בְּחֹתָמ֑וֹ בחתמו הֶֽחָת֔וּם הֶֽחָת֛וּם הֶֽחָתוּם֒ הֶחְתִּ֤ים הֶחָת֗וּם הַחֲתוּמִ֑ים החתום החתומים החתים וְחִתְמ֖וּ וְחָתוֹם֮ וְלַחְתֹּם֙ וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם וְנַחְתּ֛וֹם וַחֲתֹ֥ם וַחֲתֻמִ֛ים וַיַּחְתֹּ֖ם וָֽאֶחְתֹּ֔ם וּלְהָתֵ֤ם ואחתם וחתום וחתם וחתמו וחתמים ויחתם ולהתם ולחתם ונחתום ונחתם חֲת֥וֹם חִתְּמוּ־ חָת֖וּם חָתֻ֖ם חָתֻ֣ם חָתֽוּם׃ חוֹתֵ֣ם חותם חתום חתום׃ חתם חתמו־ יַחְתֹּֽם׃ יַחְתּ֑וֹם יחתום יחתם׃ bə·ḥō·ṯā·mōw bechotaMo bəḥōṯāmōw chaTom chaTum chittemu choTem ha·ḥă·ṯū·mîm ḥă·ṯō·wm ḥā·ṯum ḥā·ṯūm hachatuMim haḥăṯūmîm ḥăṯōwm ḥāṯum ḥāṯūm he·ḥā·ṯūm hechaTum hechTim heḥ·tîm heḥāṯūm heḥtîm ḥit·tə·mū- ḥittəmū- ḥō·w·ṯêm ḥōwṯêm ū·lə·hā·ṯêm ulehaTem ūləhāṯêm vachaTom vachatuMim vaechTom vaiyachTom vechatOm vechitMu velachTom venachTom venechTam wā’eḥtōm wā·’eḥ·tōm wa·ḥă·ṯōm wa·ḥă·ṯu·mîm waḥăṯōm waḥăṯumîm way·yaḥ·tōm wayyaḥtōm wə·ḥā·ṯō·wm wə·ḥiṯ·mū wə·laḥ·tōm wə·naḥ·tō·wm wə·neḥ·tām wəḥāṯōwm wəḥiṯmū wəlaḥtōm wənaḥtōwm wəneḥtām yachTom yaḥ·tō·wm yaḥ·tōm yaḥtōm yaḥtōwm

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Englishman's Concordance

Leviticus 15:3
HEB: זוֹב֗וֹ אֽוֹ־ הֶחְתִּ֤ים בְּשָׂרוֹ֙ מִזּוֹב֔וֹ
NAS: whether his body obstructs its discharge.
KJV: or his flesh be stopped from his issue,
INT: discharge or obstructs his body discharge

Deuteronomy 32:34
HEB: כָּמֻ֣ס עִמָּדִ֑י חָתֻ֖ם בְּאוֹצְרֹתָֽי׃
NAS: Is it not laid up in store with Me, Sealed up in My treasuries?
KJV: [Is] not this laid up in store with me, [and] sealed up among my treasures?
INT: laid Me Sealed treasure

1 Kings 21:8
HEB: אַחְאָ֔ב וַתַּחְתֹּ֖ם בְּחֹתָמ֑וֹ וַתִּשְׁלַ֣ח [הַסְפָרִים
NAS: name and sealed them with his seal,
KJV: name, and sealed [them] with his seal,
INT: Ahab's his seal and sealed and sent letters

Nehemiah 9:38
HEB: וְכֹתְבִ֑ים וְעַל֙ הֶֽחָת֔וּם שָׂרֵ֥ינוּ לְוִיֵּ֖נוּ
NAS: in writing; And on the sealed document [are the names of] our leaders,
KJV: [and] priests, seal [unto it].
INT: and write and on the sealed our leaders our Levites

Nehemiah 10:1
HEB: וְעַ֖ל הַחֲתוּמִ֑ים נְחֶמְיָ֧ה הַתִּרְשָׁ֛תָא
NAS: Now on the sealed document [were the names of]: Nehemiah
KJV: Now those that sealed [were], Nehemiah,
INT: on the sealed Nehemiah the governor

Esther 3:12
HEB: אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ נִכְתָּ֔ב וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
NAS: Ahasuerus and sealed with the king's
KJV: was it written, and sealed with the king's
INT: Ahasuerus written and sealed signet the king's

Esther 8:8
HEB: בְּשֵׁ֣ם הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְחִתְמ֖וּ בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ
NAS: name, and seal [it] with the king's
KJV: name, and seal [it] with the king's
INT: name the king's and seal signet the king's

Esther 8:8
HEB: בְּשֵׁם־ הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְנַחְתּ֛וֹם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ
NAS: of the king and sealed with the king's
KJV: name, and sealed with the king's
INT: the name of the king and sealed ring the king's

Esther 8:10
HEB: הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹ֔שׁ וַיַּחְתֹּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ
NAS: Ahasuerus, and sealed it with the king's
KJV: name, and sealed [it] with the king's
INT: of King Ahasuerus and sealed signet the king's

Job 9:7
HEB: וּבְעַ֖ד כּוֹכָבִ֣ים יַחְתֹּֽם׃
NAS: not to shine, And sets a seal upon the stars;
KJV: and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.
INT: upon the stars and sets

Job 14:17
HEB: חָתֻ֣ם בִּצְר֣וֹר פִּשְׁעִ֑י
NAS: My transgression is sealed up in a bag,
KJV: My transgression [is] sealed up in a bag,
INT: is sealed A bag my transgression

Job 24:16
HEB: בָּ֫תִּ֥ים יוֹמָ֥ם חִתְּמוּ־ לָ֗מוֹ לֹא־
NAS: into houses, They shut themselves up by day;
KJV: houses, [which] they had marked for themselves in the daytime:
INT: houses day shut not know

Job 33:16
HEB: אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּבְמֹ֖סָרָ֣ם יַחְתֹּֽם׃
NAS: of men, And seals their instruction,
KJV: of men, and sealeth their instruction,
INT: of men their instruction and seals

Job 37:7
HEB: אָדָ֥ם יַחְתּ֑וֹם לָ֝דַ֗עַת כָּל־
NAS: He seals the hand of every
KJV: He sealeth up the hand of every man;
INT: man seals may know of every

Songs 4:12
HEB: נָע֖וּל מַעְיָ֥ן חָתֽוּם׃
NAS: locked, a spring sealed up.
KJV: shut up, a fountain sealed.
INT: locked A spring sealed

Isaiah 8:16
HEB: צ֖וֹר תְּעוּדָ֑ה חֲת֥וֹם תּוֹרָ֖ה בְּלִמֻּדָֽי׃
NAS: up the testimony, seal the law
KJV: the testimony, seal the law
INT: Bind the testimony seal the law my disciples

Isaiah 29:11
HEB: כְּדִבְרֵי֮ הַסֵּ֣פֶר הֶֽחָתוּם֒ אֲשֶֽׁר־ יִתְּנ֣וּ
NAS: will be to you like the words of a sealed book,
KJV: of a book that is sealed, which [men] deliver
INT: the words book of a sealed which give

Isaiah 29:11
HEB: אוּכַ֔ל כִּ֥י חָת֖וּם הֽוּא׃
NAS: I cannot, for it is sealed.
KJV: I cannot; for it [is] sealed:
INT: cannot for is sealed he

Jeremiah 32:10
HEB: וָאֶכְתֹּ֤ב בַּסֵּ֙פֶר֙ וָֽאֶחְתֹּ֔ם וָאָעֵ֖ד עֵדִ֑ים
NAS: I signed and sealed the deed,
KJV: the evidence, and sealed [it], and took
INT: signed the deed and sealed and called witnesses

Jeremiah 32:11
HEB: הַמִּקְנָ֑ה אֶת־ הֶֽחָת֛וּם הַמִּצְוָ֥ה וְהַחֻקִּ֖ים
NAS: of purchase, both the sealed [copy containing] the terms
KJV: of the purchase, [both] that which was sealed [according] to the law
INT: the deeds of purchase the sealed the terms and conditions

Jeremiah 32:14
HEB: הַזֶּ֜ה וְאֵ֣ת הֶחָת֗וּם וְאֵ֨ת סֵ֤פֶר
NAS: deeds, this sealed deed of purchase
KJV: of the purchase, both which is sealed, and this evidence
INT: of purchase this sealed deed open

Jeremiah 32:44
HEB: וְכָת֨וֹב בַּסֵּ֥פֶר ׀ וְחָתוֹם֮ וְהָעֵ֣ד עֵדִים֒
NAS: sign and seal deeds,
KJV: evidences, and seal [them], and take
INT: sign deeds and seal and call witnesses

Ezekiel 28:12
HEB: יְהוִ֔ה אַתָּה֙ חוֹתֵ֣ם תָּכְנִ֔ית מָלֵ֥א
NAS: GOD, You had the seal of perfection,
KJV: GOD; Thou sealest up the sum,
INT: GOD You had the seal of perfection Full

Daniel 9:24
HEB: [וּלַחְתֹּם כ] (וּלְהָתֵ֤ם ק) [חַטָּאֹות
NAS: righteousness, to seal up vision
INT: to finish the transgression to seal sin to make

Daniel 9:24
HEB: צֶ֣דֶק עֹֽלָמִ֑ים וְלַחְתֹּם֙ חָז֣וֹן וְנָבִ֔יא
KJV: righteousness, and to seal up the vision
INT: righteousness everlasting to seal vision and prophecy