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от - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Proto-Slavic *otъ.

  • (stressed) IPA(key): [ɔt]
  • (unstressed) IPA(key): [ot], [ut]

от • (ot)

  1. used to indicate movement away from a position, from, away from, out of, off

    прибирам се от работа

    pribiram se ot rabota
    to come home from work

    излизам от стаята

    izlizam ot stajata
    to go out of the room

    падам от стълба

    padam ot stǎlba
    to fall off a ladder

    ставам от масата

    stavam ot masata
    to get up from the table
  2. used to indicate the position relative to which something is, from, on, of

    Сградата е на десет километра от епицентъра.

    Sgradata e na deset kilometra ot epicentǎra.
    The building is ten kilometres from the epicentre.

    От моята къща се вижда морето.

    Ot mojata kǎšta se vižda moreto.
    From my house the sea can be seen.

    наляво от вратата

    naljavo ot vratata
    left of the door

    от лявата ми страна

    ot ljavata mi strana
    on my left
  3. used to show separation or removal, from

    изваждам три от десет

    izvaždam tri ot deset
    to take three (away) from ten

    отстранявам от училище

    otstranjavam ot učilište
    to expel from school
  4. used to indicate a starting point in time, from, since

    Беше сляп от раждането си.

    Beše sljap ot raždaneto si.
    He was blind from birth.

    Започвам работа от понеделник.

    Započvam rabota ot ponedelnik.
    I'm starting work from Monday.

    Познавам я от миналата година.

    Poznavam ja ot minalata godina.
    I have known her since last year.
  5. used to show the group someone/something belongs to, of

    един от нас

    edin ot nas
    one of us

    трима от приятелите му

    trima ot prijatelite mu
    three of his friends
  6. used to indicate an indefinite amount of something, some (of), a part of, a piece of

    Някой беше пил от виното.

    Njakoj beše pil ot vinoto.
    Someone had drunk some of the wine.

    Яде ли от тортата?

    Jade li ot tortata?
    Did you have a piece of the cake?
  7. used to indicate the origin of someone/something, from, of

    Аз съм от България.

    Az sǎm ot Bǎlgarija.
    I'm from Bulgaria.

    Това вино идва от Франция.

    Tova vino idva ot Francija.
    This wine comes from France.

    родом от

    rodom ot
    born in/native of

    деца от първия брак

    deca ot pǎrvija brak
    children of the first marriage

    студент от университета

    student ot universiteta
    a student of/from the university
  8. used to indicate what something is made of or consists of, from, of, out of

    Сиренето се прави от мляко.

    Sireneto se pravi ot mljako.
    Cheese is made from/out of milk.

    кутия от дърво

    kutija ot dǎrvo
    a box made of wood

    тълпа от хора

    tǎlpa ot hora
    a crowd of people

    армия от просяци

    armija ot prosjaci
    an army of beggars
  9. used to show the source that provides something, from

    писмо от брат ми

    pismo ot brat mi
    a letter from my brother

    информация от очевидци

    informacija ot očevidci
    information from witnesses

    уча се от грешките си

    uča se ot greškite si
    to learn from one's mistakes

    От това, което чух, той е получил сърдечен удар.

    Ot tova, koeto čuh, toj e polučil sǎrdečen udar.
    From what I heard, he had a heart attack.

    купувам нещо от някого

    kupuvam nešto ot njakogo
    to buy something from somebody

    купувам от магазин

    kupuvam ot magazin
    to buy from/at/in a shop

    пия от чаша

    pija ot čaša
    to drink from/out of a glass

    преписвам от книга

    prepisvam ot kniga
    to copy out of a book
  10. used to show the person or thing someone/something is afraid of, ashamed of, saved from, hidden from, etc., from, of

    Страхувам се от кучета.

    Strahuvam se ot kučeta.
    I'm afraid of dogs.

    Срам ме е от това, което направих.

    Sram me e ot tova, koeto napravih.
    I'm ashamed of what I have done.

    Той беше спасен от удавяне.

    Toj beše spasen ot udavjane.
    He was saved from drowning.

    Какво криеш от мен?

    Kakvo krieš ot men?
    What are you hiding from me?

    Това лекарство лекува от много болести.

    Tova lekarstvo lekuva ot mnogo bolesti.
    This medicine cures many illnesses.

    отървавам се от някого

    otǎrvavam se ot njakogo
    to get rid of someone
  11. used when comparing or distinguishing things, to introduce the basis of comparison/distinction, than, from

    По-висок съм от нея.

    Po-visok sǎm ot neja.
    I'm taller than her.

    Мария е различна от Виктория.

    Marija e različna ot Viktorija.
    Maria is different from Victoria.

    Не мога да различа единия от другия.

    Ne moga da različa edinija ot drugija.
    I can't distinguish one from the other.
  12. used to indicate the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice, by

    Лодката беше залята от водата.

    Lodkata beše zaljata ot vodata.
    The boat was swamped by the water.

    роман от Дикенс

    roman ot Dikens
    a novel by Dickens
  13. used to show the reason for something, from, out of, with, of, through

    заспивам от умора

    zaspivam ot umora
    to fall asleep from weariness/with fatigue

    очи, зачервени от плач

    oči, začerveni ot plač
    eyes red from weeping

    умирам от болест/глад

    umiram ot bolest/glad
    to die of an illness/hunger

    треперя от студ

    treperja ot stud
    to shake with cold

    викам от яд/отчаяние

    vikam ot jad/otčajanie
    to shout in anger/despair

    питам от любопитство

    pitam ot ljubopitstvo
    to ask out of curiosity

    от нужда/завист

    ot nužda/zavist
    out of necessity/envy

    от мързел/невнимание

    ot mǎrzel/nevnimanie
    through laziness/carelessness
  14. used to show the state of somebody/something before a change, from

    Нещата станаха от лоши по-лоши.

    Neštata stanaha ot loši po-loši.
    Things have gone from bad to worse.

    превеждам от български на английски

    preveždam ot bǎlgarski na anglijski
    to translate from Bulgarian to English

    събуждам се от сън

    sǎbuždam se ot sǎn
    to wake up from sleep
  15. used to show where somebody/something was before they/it changed place, from

    вървя от град на град

    vǎrvja ot grad na grad
    to go from one town to another
  16. used to indicate the range of something, from

    от сутрин до вечер

    ot sutrin do večer
    from morning till night

    от понеделник до петък

    ot ponedelnik do petǎk
    from Monday till Friday

    от глава до пети

    ot glava do peti
    from head to toe

    Магазинът работи от 9 до 18.

    Magazinǎt raboti ot 9 do 18.
    The shop's open from 9 to 6.
  17. used to indicate the amount of time that has passed since the beginning of something, for

    Познавам я от четири години.

    Poznavam ja ot četiri godini.
    I have known her for four years.

    Не съм го виждал от известно време.

    Ne sǎm go viždal ot izvestno vreme.
    I haven't seen him for a while.

From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Turkish ot.

от • (ot)

  1. grass

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot)

  1. fire
Alternative scripts
Arabic وت
Cyrillic от
Latin ot

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot)

  1. fire
  2. hearth
  3. (figuratively) ardour, passion

From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Turkish ot, etc.

от • (ot)

  1. (obsolete) grass

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”).

от • (ot)

  1. grass

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot) (Arabic spelling وت)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”).

от • (ot) (Arabic spelling وت)

  1. grass

From Proto-Turkic *ōt.[1][2] Cognate to Karakalpak ot.

от • (ot)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ot.[3][4] Cognate to Karakalpak ot.

от • (ot)

  1. grass, weed
  1. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1 o:t”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 34
  2. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ōt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  3. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “2 ot”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 34
  4. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ot”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Inherited from Old East Slavic отъ (otŭ), from Proto-Slavic *otъ.

  • IPA(key): [ɐt]
  • IPA(key): [ət] (after a word ending in consonant and not before a stressed syllable, e.g., "зави́сит от того́ (zavísit ot tovó)")
  • IPA(key): [ˈot] (when stressed)
  • Note: The final [t] becomes a [d] before the voiced consonants б (b), г (g), д (d), ж (ž) and з (z).

от • (ot) [with genitive]

  1. from, away from, of, with (in the following senses):
    1. to denote the starting point of the movement of something:
      отойти́ от костра́ ― otojtí ot kostrá ― to move away from a fire
      оторва́ть пу́говицу от пиджака́ ― otorvátʹ púgovicu ot pidžaká ― to tear a button from a jacket
      сообще́ние от бра́та ― soobščénije ot bráta ― a message from a brother
    2. to denote a reference point in comparison with the position of something else:
      сле́ва от меня́ ― sléva ot menjá ― to the left of me
      к се́веру от Москвы́ ― k séveru ot Moskvý ― (to the) north of Moscow
    3. used with certain verbs to denote literal or figurative distance from the indirect object:
      отказа́ться от сде́лки ― otkazátʹsja ot sdélki ― to reject a deal
      изба́виться от привы́чки ― izbávitʹsja ot privýčki ― to get rid of a habit
      защища́ть от инфе́кции ― zaščiščátʹ ot infékcii ― to protect against infection
      зави́сеть от ситуа́ции ― zavísetʹ ot situácii ― to depend on the situation
    4. (with до (do)) to denote a range:
      Synonym: — (em dash, тире́) (— (em dash, tiré))
      от 1 неде́ли до 1 ме́сяца ― ot 1 nedéli do 1 mésjaca ― from 1 week to 1 month
      от 1 до 2 миллио́нов рубле́й ― ot 1 do 2 milliónov rubléj ― from 1 to 2 million roubles
      пронумеро́ванные от 1 до 12 ― pronumeróvannyje ot 1 do 12 ― numbered from 1 to 12 / 1 through 12
    5. to denote the cause or origin of some condition:
      Synonym: (partial, colloquial) с (s)
      умере́ть от разры́ва се́рдца ― umerétʹ ot razrýva sérdca ― to die from/of heart failure
      дрожа́ть от стра́ха ― drožátʹ ot stráxa ― to tremble with fear
      расстро́иться от чьи́х-то слов ― rasstróitʹsja ot čʹíx-to slov ― to get upset by/from someone's words
    6. used in a few set phrases to denote the nature of an action:
      от души́ ― ot duší ― from the heart
      от всего́ се́рдца ― ot vsevó sérdca ― with all one's heart
  2. from, since, of (about a time of origin)
    слепо́й от рожде́ния ― slepój ot roždénija ― blind from birth
    Synonym: с (s)
    ука́з президе́нта от 1 сентября́ ― ukáz prezidénta ot 1 sentjabrjá ― the presidential decree of 1 September
    Synonym: genitive case

Before words beginning with certain awkward consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-), the variant form ото (oto) is used.

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”). Cognate with Kazakh от (ot), Kyrgyz от (ot), Crimean Tatar ot, Kumyk от (ot), Azerbaijani od, Turkish od, Khakas от (ot), Shor от, Tuvan от (ot), Western Yugur ot, etc.

от • (ot)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Kazakh от (ot), Kyrgyz от (ot), Crimean Tatar ot, Kumyk от (ot), Azerbaijani ot, Turkish ot, Khakas от (ot), Shor от, Tuvan оът (òt), Western Yugur ot/ uʰt, etc.

от • (ot)

  1. grass

N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “от”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN

From Proto-Yukaghir *ət-.

  • IPA(key): [ˈot]
  • Rhymes: -ot
  • Hyphenation: от

от (ot)

  1. Used to mark the irrealis mood.
  • Usually used in its affirmative form, мэт (met).
  • Elena Maslova (2003) A Grammar of Kolyma Yukaghir, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 6

From Proto-Turkic *ōt (“fire”).

от • (ot) (definite accusative отту, plural оттар)

  1. fire

From Proto-Turkic *ot (“grass”). Cognate with Turkish ot and Kazakh от (ot), but a false cognate with English oat.

от • (ot)

  1. grass, hay