ծառ - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Inherited from Old Armenian ծառ (caṙ).
- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /t͡sɑr/, [t͡sɑr]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /d͡zɑɾ/, [d͡zɑɾ]
ծառ • (caṙ)
Disputed.
Pedersen connects with Ancient Greek γάρρα (gárrha, “rod, wand”), γάρσανα (gársana, “brushwood”), γέρρον (gérrhon, “wattle-fence”) and Old Norse kjarr (“copsewood, brush-wood, thicket”). This is accepted by Walde, Pokorny and Ačaṙean, who reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥so- for Armenian, the zero-grade of the root *ǵers- (“to twist; to plait things from flexible twigs”).
On the other hand, according to Diakonoff we are dealing with a word of Hurro-Urartian origin: compare Urartian 𒄑𒍝𒀀𒊑 (GIŠ.za-a-ri /ṣârə, zari, zare, šari/, “orchard”), Hurrian 𒊬𒈨 (sar-me, “wood”).
ծառ • (caṙ)
- tree
- մատաղատունկ ծառ ― matałatunk caṙ ― sapling
- հինաւուրց, զառամ ծառ ― hinawurcʻ, zaṙam caṙ ― old tree
- պտղատու ծառ ― ptłatu caṙ ― fruit tree
- թզուկ ծառ ― tʻzuk caṙ ― dwarf tree
- ծառ արուեստի ― caṙ aruesti ― the ten Aristotelian categories
- ելանել ի ծառ ― elanel i caṙ ― to climb trees; to mount a tree
- ծառ յօտել, յապաւել զծառս ― caṙ yōtel, yapawel zcaṙs ― to prune; to lop
- պատուաստել զծառս ― patuastel zcaṙs ― to graft
- ծաղկին ծառք ― całkin caṙkʻ ― the trees flourish
- փթթին ծառք ծաղկօք, ծաղկազարդին ծառք ― pʻtʻtʻin caṙkʻ całkōkʻ, całkazardin caṙkʻ ― the fruits are in full bloom or blossom
- ծառ կացուցանել զհերս ― caṙ kacʻucʻanel zhers ― to cause the hair to stand on end
- իւրում ծառոց ի վերայ ելանել ― iwrum caṙocʻ i veray elanel ― to do according to one's will or pleasure, to follow one's own bent
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ծառ (caṙ) | ծառք (caṙkʻ) |
| genitive | ծառոյ (caṙoy) | ծառոց (caṙocʻ) |
| dative | ծառոյ (caṙoy) | ծառոց (caṙocʻ) |
| accusative | ծառ (caṙ) | ծառս (caṙs) |
| ablative | ծառոյ (caṙoy) | ծառոց (caṙocʻ) |
| instrumental | ծառով (caṙov) | ծառովք (caṙovkʻ) |
| locative | ծառ (caṙ) | ծառս (caṙs) |
An instrumental plural ծառօք (caṙōkʻ) is also attested.
- անծառ (ancaṙ)
- խտածառ (xtacaṙ)
- ծառաբեր (caṙaber)
- ծառագնաց (caṙagnacʻ)
- ծառազարդ (caṙazard)
- ծառանամ (caṙanam)
- ծառասէր (caṙasēr)
- ծառաստան (caṙastan)
- ծառավայելուչ (caṙavayelučʻ)
- ծառավերաց (caṙaveracʻ)
- ծառատունկ (caṙatunk)
- ծառացուցանեմ (caṙacʻucʻanem)
- ծառաւէտ (caṙawēt)
- ծառափթիթ (caṙapʻtʻitʻ)
- ծառզարդար (caṙzardar)
- մեծածառ (mecacaṙ)
- ստուարածառ (stuaracaṙ)
- քաջածառ (kʻaǰacaṙ)
- Armenian: ծառ (caṙ)
- ⇒ Old Armenian: *ծառափն (*caṙapʻn)
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “ծառ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 446–447
- Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “ծառ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Diakonoff, Igor M. (1985) “Hurro-Urartian Borrowings in Old Armenian”, in Journal of the American Oriental Society[1], volume 105, number 4, pages 597–603
- Pedersen, Holger (1905) “Zur armenischen Sprachgeschichte”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen[2] (in German), volume 38, number 2, page 194
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ծառ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 392
- Walde, Alois (1930) Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume I, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 609
- Thorsø, Rasmus (2023) Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate[3], PhD dissertation, Leiden University, page 25