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See also: and

(Kangxi radical 130, +7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月金口山 (BCRU) or 難月金口山 (XBCRU), four-corner 78216, composition(HT) or (GK))

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 984, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29539
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1436, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2081, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+812B
trad. /
simp.
alternative forms
Old Chinese
*l̥ʰoːds
*l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod
*l̥ʰoːds, *lod
*l̥ʰoːds
*l̥ʰoːds, *hljods
*l'oːds
*l'oːds
*l'oːds, *lods
*stʰods, *hljods
*hljods
*hljods, *hljod, *lod
*hljods
*rtʰoːd
*l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
*l̥ʰoːd
*l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
*l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
*l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd
*l'oːd
*l'oːd
*l'oːd
*lod, *lod
*lod

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd): semantic + phonetic (OC *l'oːds).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (free; release; slip; dislocate) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).

Within Chinese, cognate with (OC *l̥ʰoːds, “exuviae (skin cast off during molting)”), (OC *lo, “relax > happy, pleased”), (OC lod, “contented”), (OC *hljod, “to speak, to explain”), (OC *hljods, “to persuade”), (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”), (OC *Cə.lˁot, “to rob, to snatch”);
Outside Chinese, cognate with Tibetan གློད་པ (glod pa, loosen, relax, slacken), Tibetan ཧློད་པ (hlod pa, loose, relaxed), Lepcha ᰒᰤᰦᰳ (flját), ᰒᰤᰩᰳ (fljót), Burmese လွှတ် (hlwat), Burmese ချွတ် (hkywat).

In its use in Northern Wu languages, such as Shanghainese, Suzhounese, and Ningbonese, as well as Lower Yangtze Mandarin, it is likely from a grammaticalisation of the verb. Compare with (Wuxi, Changzhou) and (Haining, Danyang)


Note:

  • thut - vernacular;
  • thoat - literary (“to collapse”).

Note: tug4 - literary.


  • Dialectal data

BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tuō tuō
Middle
Chinese
‹ dwat › ‹ thwat ›
Old
Chinese
/*lˁot/ /*mə-l̥ˁot/
English remove outer covering peel off

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 2559 2566
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3 3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l̥ʰoːd/ /*l'oːd/

  1. to take off (clothes); to peel off; to strip
  2. to get away from; to escape; to leave; to avoid
  3. to leave out; to miss; to omit
  4. rapid; swift; fast
  5. unaffected; free; at ease
  6. (literary) if; in case
  7. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collapse; to pass out; to fall in a faint
  8. (Ningbonese and Shanghainese) and
  9. (Northern Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin) Used to indicate a negative outcome to a verb.
  10. a surname
    [Cantonese]  ―  tyut3 wai4 sin6 [Jyutping]  ―  Kasim Tuet (Chinese-born Hong Kong entrepreneur)

Dialectal synonyms of (“to take off (clothes)”) [map]

Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) ,
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing ,
Taiwan
Harbin
Malaysia
Singapore
Jilu Mandarin Jinan ,
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping)
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong
Xi'an
Xining
Xuzhou
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan
Lanzhou
Ürümqi
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu
Wuhan
Guiyang
Guilin
Liuzhou , ,
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing
Yangzhou ,
Hefei ,
Cantonese Guangzhou ,
Hong Kong , ,
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
Macau
Guangzhou (Panyu)
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
Guangzhou (Conghua) ,
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
Foshan
Foshan (Shunde)
Foshan (Sanshui)
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
Zhuhai (Doumen)
Jiangmen (Baisha) ,
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
Taishan
Kaiping (Chikan)
Enping (Niujiang)
Heshan (Yayao)
Dongguan ,
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
Yangjiang
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
Penang (Guangfu)
Singapore (Guangfu)
Gan Nanchang
Lichuan
Pingxiang , ,
Hakka Meixian
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
Dongguan (Qingxi)
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)
Zhongshan (Wuguishan)
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
Yudu
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
Huizhou Jixi ,
Jin Taiyuan
Xinzhou
Northern Min Jian'ou
Songxi
Jianyang
Eastern Min Fuzhou
Gutian
Ningde
Zhouning
Fuding
Southern Min Xiamen
Quanzhou
Jinjiang
Yongchun
Zhangzhou
Taipei
New Taipei (Sanxia)
Kaohsiung
Yilan
Changhua (Lukang)
Taichung
Tainan
Hsinchu
Kinmen
Penghu (Magong)
Penang (Hokkien)
Singapore (Hokkien)
Manila (Hokkien)
Longyan
Datian
Chaozhou
Shantou
Jieyang
Singapore (Teochew)
Leizhou
Haikou
Puxian Min Putian
Central Min Yong'an
Sanming (Sanyuan)
Sanming (Shaxian)
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi)
Wu Shanghai
Shanghai (Chongming)
Suzhou ,
Wuxi
Danyang
Hangzhou
Ningbo
Wenzhou
Jinhua ,
Xiang Changsha
Loudi
Shuangfeng

Dialectal synonyms of (“and”) [map]

Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) , , , 與及 Cantonese
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing ,
Taiwan ,
Malaysia ,
Singapore ,
Jilu Mandarin Jinan , ,
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping)
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong
Wanrong (Ronghe)
Xi'an ,
Xining ,
Xuzhou
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan
Lanzhou ,
Ürümqi , ,
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu , ,
Wuhan
Guiyang , ,
Guilin ,
Liuzhou , ,
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing ,
Yangzhou ,
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou , 同埋
Hong Kong , 同埋
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
Macau , 同埋
Taishan 同埋
Kaiping (Chikan) , 同埋
Dongguan , 同埋
Yangjiang ,
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
Penang (Guangfu)
Singapore (Guangfu)
Gan Nanchang ,
Lichuan
Pingxiang ,
Hakka Meixian ,
Yudu
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
Hong Kong
Kuching (Hepo)
Huizhou Jixi
Shexian
Huangshan (Tunxi) ,
Xiuning
Yixian ,
Qimen
Wuyuan
Jin Taiyuan ,
Xinzhou
Northern Min Jian'ou
Jian'ou (Dikou) , ,
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
Pucheng (Shibei) ,
Eastern Min Fuzhou
Fuzhou (Changle)
Fuqing
Yongtai
Gutian
Fu'an
Ningde
Shouning
Zhouning ,
Fuding
Southern Min Xiamen ,
Xiamen (Tong'an)
Quanzhou ,
Zhangzhou
Tainan
Hsinchu
Penang (Hokkien)
Singapore (Hokkien)
Manila (Hokkien) ,
Chaozhou ,
Shantou
Jieyang
Singapore (Teochew)
Pontianak (Teochew)
Leizhou
Wenchang
Haikou
Qionghai
Puxian Min Putian
Xianyou
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) , 同埋
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) ,
Wu Shanghai , 脫仔, , 得仔, , 搭仔, , , ,
Shanghai (Songjiang)
Shanghai (Jiading) , , 脫仔
Shanghai (Chongming)
Suzhou , 搭仔
Danyang ,
Hangzhou
Ningbo , 搭仔
Wenzhou
Jinhua ,
Xiang Changsha
Loudi
Shuangfeng ,

Others:

  1. Used in 脫脫脱脱 (“carefree”).
  2. Alternative form of  / ((of skin) cast off)

  1. (Hokkien) to slip out of place
    枕頭枕头 [Hokkien]  ―  Chím-thâu thoah khì. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  The pillow slipped out of place.
  2. (Mainland China Hokkien) to misstep

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Hokkien) to zip (zippers open or close)”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

(Hyōgai kanjikyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form )

  1. take off, remove
  2. escape, get away

This form is extremely rare in Japanese. The current form of has seen some use before 1946.

(tal, tae) (hangeul , , McCune–Reischauer t'al, t'ae, Yale thal, thay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

: Hán Nôm readings: thoát

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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