-अन - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ən/, [ɐ̃n]

• Inherited from Sanskrit -अन (-ana). Doublet of -ना (-nā).
• Borrowed from Sanskrit -अन (-ana), used in pseudo-Sanskritisms.

• -अण (-aṇ) — in the vicinity of र (ra) and ष (ṣa) (only in Sanskritic formations)

-अन • (-an)

1. forms nouns of either gender indicating agent nouns, abstract nouns, tool or means, or location

   ‎पराग (parāg, “pollen”) + ‎-अन (-an) → ‎परागण (parāgaṇ, “pollination”)

   ‎बरतना (baratnā, “to make use of”) + ‎-अन (-an) → ‎बर्तन (bartan, “pot, vessel”)

   ‎ऐंठना (a͠iṭhnā, “to be twisted”) + ‎-अन (-an) → ‎ऐंठन (a͠iṭhan, “a twist, tension”)

Borrowed from Classical Persian ـًا (-an), from Arabic ـًا (-an, triptotic indefinite accusative ending).

-अन • (-an)

1. forms adverbs from Perso-Arabic terms

   ‎ऐहतियात (aihtiyāt, “precaution”) + ‎-अन (-an) → ‎ऐहतियातन (aihtiyātan, “precautionarily”)

Inherited from Sanskrit -इनी (-inī), feminine of -इन् (-in, possessive suffix).

-अन • (-an)

1. alternative form of -इन (-in): feminine-equivalent forming suffix

   ‎देहाती (dehātī) + ‎-अन (-an) → ‎देहातन (dehātan, “female villager”)

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “-अन”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 29

• -अण (-aṇa) — in the vicinity of र (ra) and ष (ṣa)

From Proto-Indo-European *-onom, from:

• *-o- (thematic vowel) + *-nom (verbal noun suffix), cognate with Proto-Germanic *-aną
• *-on- (agent noun suffix) + *-o-s/m.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɐ.n̪ɐ/

-अन • (-ana) n or m

2. forms masculine agent nouns

   ‎सम् + गम् (sam + gam, “to gather”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎संगमन (saṃgamana, “gatherer”)

   ‎दृप् (dṛp, “to become/make proud”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎दर्पण (darpaṇa, “mirror < proud-maker”)

4. forms neuter nouns denoting
   1. verbal abstracta

      ‎कृ (kṛ, “to do, make”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎करण (karaṇa, “(act of) doing”)

      ‎मृ (mṛ, “to die”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎मरण (maraṇa, “death”)

   3. tool or means

      ‎ईक्ष् (īkṣ, “to observe”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎ईक्षण (īkṣaṇa, “eye”)

      ‎वस् (vas, “to dress”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎वसन (vasana, “garment”)

      ‎स्कम्भ् (skambh, “to support”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎स्कम्भन (skambhana, “pillar”)

   5. location

      ‎स्था (sthā, “to stand”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎स्थान (sthāna, “place”)

      ‎यज् (yaj, “to sacrifice”) + ‎-अन (-ana) → ‎यजन (yajana, “sacrificial site”)

The vowel of the root generally takes the गुण (guṇa) degree, but sometimes takes the वृद्धि (vṛddhi) degree.

• Prakrit: -𑀅𑀡 (-aṇa)
  • Bengali: -না (-na), -অনা (-ona)
  • Hindi: -ना (-nā)

• Wackernagel, Jakob, Albert Debrunner (1896-1964) Altindische Grammatik [Grammar of Ancient Indian] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher)‎^[1] (in German), Vol. II.2: Die Nominalsuffixe, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, published 1954, §81-93, pages 180-206

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• Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
• Hindi doublets
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• Hindi lemmas
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• Sanskrit neuter suffixes
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• Sanskrit a-stem nouns