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ban - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

ban

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Balinese.

Inherited from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to banish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”), from Proto-West Germanic *bannan; and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-new-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *bʰeh₂- (“to say”).

Cognate with Dutch bannen (“to ban, exile, discard”), German bannen (“to exile, to exorcise, captivate, excommunicate”), Swedish banna (“to ban, scold”), Vedic Sanskrit भनति (bhánati), Armenian բան (ban) and perhaps Albanian banoj (“to reside, dwell”). See also banal, abandon.

ban (third-person singular simple present bans, present participle banning, simple past and past participle banned)

  1. (transitive, obsolete) To summon; to call out.
  2. (transitive) To anathematize; to pronounce an ecclesiastical curse upon; to place under a ban.
  3. (transitive) To curse; to execrate.
    • c. 1555, Hugh Latimer, a sermon:

      They will curse and ban […] even into the deep pit of hell, all that gainsay their appetite.

  4. (transitive) To prohibit; to interdict; to proscribe; to forbid or block from participation.

    • 2013 August 10, “A new prescription”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

      No sooner has a [synthetic] drug been blacklisted than chemists adjust their recipe and start churning out a subtly different one. These “legal highs” are sold for the few months it takes the authorities to identify and ban them, and then the cycle begins again.

    • 2024 September 23, Soumya Karlamangla, “California Bans All Plastic Bags After Its First Effort Backfired”, in The New York Times‎[1]:

      Gov. Gavin Newsom signed legislation on Sunday banning the sale at grocery checkouts of all plastic bags, regardless of thickness.

    Bare feet are banned in this establishment.

  5. (ambitransitive) To curse; to utter curses or maledictions.
The terms below need to be checked and allocated to the definitions (senses) of the headword above. Each term should appear in the sense for which it is appropriate. For synonyms and antonyms you may use the templates {{syn|en|...}} or {{ant|en|...}}.

forbid

ban (plural bans)

  1. Prohibition.

    • 1667, John Milton, “Book IX”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

      That sacred fruit, sacred to abstinence,
      Much more to taste it under ban to touch

    • 2024 September 23, Soumya Karlamangla, “California Bans All Plastic Bags After Its First Effort Backfired”, in The New York Times‎[2]:

      California has been on the forefront of plastic bag bans. In 2007, Mr. Newsom, as mayor of San Francisco, signed a law that made the city the first in the nation to ban plastic bags in grocery stores.

  2. A public proclamation or edict; also, a summons by public proclamation, and in early use especially a summons to arms.

    • 1641, John Rastell, translated by William Rastell, Termes de la Lay, 37b:

      Bans is common and ordinary amongst the Feudists, and signifies a proclamation, or any publike notice.

  3. The gathering of the (French) king’s vassals for war; the whole body of vassals assembled this way, or liable to be summoned; originally the same as arriere-ban, but distinct since the 16th century, following French usage—see arriere-ban.
    • 1591, published 1847, Henry Unton, Correspondence of Sir Henry Unton, knt., Ambassador from Queen Elizabeth to Henry IV. King of France, in the years MDXCI. and MDXCII., page 54:
      […] he hath sente abroade to assemble his van and arriere van; wherby, and with the reste of his forces, he prepareth him selfe to enter this countrey; […]

    • 1683, William Temple, chapter I, in Memoirs of what past in Christendom, from the War begun 1672, to the Peace concluded 1679:

      France was at such a Pinch for Men, […] that they call’d their Ban and Arriere Ban, the assembling whereof had been long disus’ed, and in a Manner antiquated.

    • 1818, Henry Hallam, View of the State of Europe during the Middle Ages, chapter II, part II:

      The ban was sometimes convoked, that is, the possessors of the fiefs were called upon for military service in subsequent ages; but with more of ostentation than real efficiency.

    • 1874, Charles Boutell, chapter 7, in Arms And Armour In Antiquity And The Middle Ages, page 98:

      The act of calling together the vassals in armed array, was entitled “convoking the ban”—“convoquer le ban.”

  4. (obsolete) A curse or anathema.
  5. A pecuniary mulct or penalty laid upon a delinquent for offending against a ban, such as a mulct paid to a bishop by one guilty of sacrilege or other crimes.

prohibition

Borrowed from Romanian ban of uncertain origin, perhaps from Serbo-Croatian bân.

ban (plural bani)

  1. A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Romanian leu.
  2. A subdivision of currency, equal to one hundredth of a Moldovan leu.

From Banburismus; coined by Alan Turing.

ban (plural bans)

  1. A unit measuring information or entropy based on base-ten logarithms, rather than the base-two logarithms that define the bit.

From South Slavic (compare Serbo-Croatian bȃn), from Proto-Slavic *banъ; see there for more.

ban (plural bans)

  1. A title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.

ban

  1. to finish

ban m (plural bans)

  1. ban (a public proclamation or edict)

ban m (plural bans)

  1. ban (a title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)

ban

  1. shame, sorrow, outrage
  • Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico del Vocabulario 158 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Colombia. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.
  • Quesada Pacheco, Miguel Ángel. 1991. El vocabulario mosco de 1612. En estudios de Lingüística Chibcha. Programa de investigación del departamento de lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Serie Anual Tomo X San José (Costa Rica). Universidad de Costa Rica.
  • Gómez Aldana D. F., Análisis morfológico Gramática de Lugo. Grupo de Investigación Muysccubun. 2013.

From English ban.

ban

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet) to ban
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to reject (ideas, proposals, suggestions, etc.)
    ban橋／ban桥 [Cantonese]  ―  ben1 kiu4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to reject an idea

From Middle Dutch ban. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

ban m (plural bannen)

  1. excommunication, denunciation, shunning
  2. anathema which is cast upon one who is excommunicated
  3. magic spell
  4. (historical) legal or feudal domain
  5. (historical) public declaration
  6. (archaic) exile

Borrowed from English ban.

ban m (plural bans)

  1. a revocation of permission to access or participate
    Synonym: toegangsverbod

    De forumgebruiker die zich heeft misdragen heeft een ban gekregen.

    The forum user that misbehaved has been given a ban.

Mostly common within internet communities.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ban

  1. inflection of bannen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ban

  1. inflection of bannen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

From Old French ban, from Frankish *ban.

ban m (plural bans)

  1. (dated) public declaration
  2. (dated) announcement of a marriage; banns
  3. (East of France, Belgium) territory

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian bȃn. See English ban.

ban m (plural bans)

  1. ban (nobleman)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

ban

  1. give

For pronunciation and definitions of ban – see 屘 (“the youngest”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 屘).

Often compared to Basque bat and Proto-Basque *bade (“one, some”).

ban

  1. one
  • Eduardo Orduña [Aznar], Los numerales ibéricos y el protovasco
  • Joan Ferrer i Jané, El sistema de numerales ibérico: avances en su conocimiento
  • Villamor, Fernando (2020) A basic dictionary and grammar of the Iberian language

From Dutch band, from Middle Dutch bant.

ban (plural ban-ban)

  1. tyre, tire
    Synonym: tayar (Standard Malay)
  2. tape
    Synonym: pita
  3. belt
    Synonyms: ikat pinggang, sabuk
  4. (physics) band (a part of the electromagnetic spectrum)
    Synonym: pita
  5. band (group of musicians)

From Dutch baan, from Middle Dutch bāne, from Old Dutch *bana, from Proto-Germanic *banō.

ban (plural ban-ban)

  1. (uncommon) road, way, path
    Synonyms: jalan, jalur
  2. (uncommon) a track, lane
    Synonym: lintasan
  3. (sports, ball games) court, field (place for playing sports or games, in particular non-team ball games)

From English ban.

ban

  1. (Internet slang) a ban
    Synonym: blok

ban

  1. (Internet slang) to ban
    Synonym: blokir
  • IPA(key): /bˠan̪ˠ/, /bˠanˠ/

ban f pl

  1. genitive plural of bean
Mutated forms of ban
radical lenition eclipsis
ban bhan mban

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

ban

  1. Rōmaji transcription of ばん
  2. Rōmaji transcription of バン

Borrowed from German Bahn. Compare Greater Polish bana and Silesian bana.

  • IPA(key): /ˈban/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: ban

ban m inan

  1. train
    Synonyms: cuch, pòcąg
  • Sychta, Bernard (1976) “ban”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volume 7 (Suplement), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 6
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “pociąg”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[3]
  • “ban”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

ban

  1. sneeze

ban

  1. Nonstandard spelling of bān.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of bǎn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of bàn.
  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

ban (Raguileo spelling)

  1. death

ban (Raguileo spelling)

  1. To die.
  2. first-person singular realis form of ban; I died; I have died.
  • Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.

ban

  1. to sneeze

ban

  1. Alternative form of bane

ban

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of bon

ban

  1. first-person singular present of weese

Related to Persian بام (bâm).

ban ?

  1. roof

ban

  1. imperative of bane (Etymology 3)

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną.

ban n

  1. (dialectal) alternative form of barn (“child”)

From Proto-West Germanic *bain, Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Cognate with Old Frisian bēn (West Frisian bien), Old Saxon bēn (Low German been, bein), Dutch been (“bone, leg”), Old High German bein (German Bein (“leg”)), Old Norse bein (Icelandic bein (“bone”)).

bān n (nominative plural bān)

  1. bone
  2. ivory

Strong a-stem:

ban

  1. genitive dual/plural of ben

ban

  1. first-person plural imperative of is
Mutation of ban
radical lenition nasalization
ban ban
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ 		mban

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Cognate with Southeastern Tepehuan bhan, Northern Tepehuan bánai.

ban (plural ba꞉ban)

  1. coyote

From Portuguese vambora.

ban

  1. let’s go

Probably borrowed from Urdu بَنْد (band), from Persian بند (band).

ban (invariable, Perso-Arabic spelling بن)

  1. closed
  2. blocked, stopped
  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “ban”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[4], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
  • IPA(key): /ˈban/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: ban

Borrowed from Romanian ban.

ban m animal

  1. ban (subdivision of currency)

Borrowed from English ban, from Middle English bannen (“to summon; to bannish; to curse”), partly from Old English bannan (“to summon, command, proclaim, call out”) and partly from Old Norse banna (“to prohibit; to curse”), both from Proto-Germanic *bannaną (“to proclaim, to order; to summon; to ban; to curse, forbid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-new-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti, innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of *bʰeh₂- (“to say”).

ban m animal

  1. (Internet) ban

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian ban, from Late Proto-Slavic *banъ, from Turkic.

ban m pers

  1. ban (title used in several states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century)
  • ban in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ban in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Unadapted borrowing from English ban.

ban

  1. (Internet slang) ban (block from interacting in an internet community)

Unknown. Perhaps from Medieval Latin *bannus (“communication”), perhaps through a German intermediate.[1] Other theories derive the word from Proto-Slavic *banъ (“master, lord”) (via Serbo-Croatian or Hungarian). Ultimate Mongolian origin (баян (bajan, “rich lord; plutocrat”)) has also been proposed.[2]

ban m (plural bani)

  1. money; coin
  2. ban (unit of currency, one hundredth of a leu)

Usually used in the plural form, bani

  1. ^ http://webdex.ro/etimologic/ban
  2. ^ Romanian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

From Late Proto-Slavic *banъ.

bȃn m (Cyrillic spelling ба̑н)

  1. ban (title)

Borrowed from Hokkien 盤 / 盘 (pôaⁿ, “tray, plate, dish”).

ban (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜈ᜔)

  1. (rare) wheel
    Synonyms: gulong, ruweda

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic بان (bān).

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

ban (Tifinagh spelling ⴱⴰⵏ)

  1. (intransitive) to appear, to emerge

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Cognate with Lao ບານ (bān), Thai บาน (baan).

ban (班)

  1. well-developed; husky
    slao ban ― busty girl
    bâư ban ― leaf reaching the bánh tẻ stage
  • Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎[5][6] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

Sino-Vietnamese word from 班.

ban

  1. (historical) branch of administration in the feudal court (of which there are two types: the civil administrators and the martial office holders)
  2. group (of people doing the same work); band; board; squad; committee
  3. shift; work period
  4. (only in compounds) time period; section of the day
    Synonym: buổi
    ban trưa ― noon
  5. (dated) (college-level) subject; (academic) department

(classifier cây, hoa) ban

  1. orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata)

Sino-Vietnamese word from 斑.

ban

  1. (medicine) rash

Borrowed from French balle. Related to banh; see there for more details.

ban

  1. (Central Vietnam) ball made from rubber

ban

  1. (colloquial) Alternative form of pan

Sino-Vietnamese word from 頒.

ban

  1. (archaic) to confer on; to bestow
  2. (archaic) to announce; to herald; to proclaim

Borrowed from French bain.

ban (nominative plural bans)

  1. bath

From Middle Welsh bann, from Proto-Brythonic *bann, from Proto-Celtic *bandā.

ban m (plural bannau or bannoedd)

  1. peak, summit
  2. point, principle
    Synonyms: pwnc, testun
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ban”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

ban

  1. dirty
  2. nasty
  3. very angry

ban

  1. dome, cupola
  2. room
Ban.

bàn

  1. arm
  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 41