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ingen - Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

From Old Norse engi, enginn, from einn (“one”) +‎ -gi (“not”).

IPA^(key): /ˈenɡən/, [ˈeŋŋ̍]

ingen (neuter intet, plural ingen)

(determiner) no
Jeg har ingen penge.
I have no money.
(pronoun) no one, nobody, nothing, neither, none
Ingen har set ham siden i morges.
No one has seen him since this morning.

nogen

ing +‎ -en

IPA^(key): [ˈiŋɡɛn]
Hyphenation: in‧gen

ingen

superessive singular of ing

From Old Norse engi, enginn.

ingen (feminine inga, masculine ingen, neuter intet, plural ingen)

ingen

no; not any

“ingen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

From Middle Norwegian eingin, from Old Norse enginn, a newer form of engi. Cognate with Faroese eingin, Icelandic enginn, Swedish ingen and Danish ingen.

IPA^(key): /²ɪŋːɛn/

ingen (masculine ingen, feminine inga, neuter inkje, plural ingen)

“ingen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

ginen

From Primitive Irish ᚔᚅᚔᚌᚓᚅᚐ (inigena),^[1] from Proto-Celtic *enigenā (literally “born within, indigenous”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, beget”); compare Latin indigena (“native”) and Ancient Greek ἐγγόνη (engónē, “granddaughter”).

IPA^(key): [ˈinʲɣʲen]

ingen f (genitive ingine)

daughter
maiden, virgin, young woman

Middle Irish: ingen
- Irish: iníon, inghean (superseded), inghin, inín (Connacht), nighean, níon (Ulster), inín
- Manx: inneen
- Scottish Gaelic: nighean, nigheann, inghean
⇒ Middle Irish: ingenach
⇒ Middle Irish: ingenas
- Irish: iníonas

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ingen (‘daughter’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 24, page 18; reprinted 2017

From Proto-Celtic *angʷīnā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃nṓgʰs.

Cognate with Welsh ewin, Breton ivin; and with Latin unguis, English nail, Ancient Greek ὄνυξ (ónux), Russian но́готь (nógotʹ), Sanskrit नख (nakhá).

IPA^(key): [ˈiŋʲɡʲen]

ingen f (genitive ingne)

nail (fingernail, toenail)

Feminine ā-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ingen^L	ingin^L	ingnea^H
vocative	ingen^L	ingin^L	ingnea^H
accusative	ingin^N	ingin^L	ingnea^H
genitive	ingne^H	ingen^L	ingen^N
dative	ingin^L	ingnib	ingnib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Middle Irish: inga (reinterpreted as an n-stem)
- Irish: ionga
- Manx: ingin
- Scottish Gaelic: ionga

Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ingen (‘nail’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 24, page 18; reprinted 2017

Mutation of ingen

radical	lenition	nasalization
ingen (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-ingen

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

^ Ziegler, Sabine (1994) Alfred Bammesberger and Günter Neumann, editors, Die Sprache der altirischen Ogam-Inschriften [The language of the Old Irish Ogham inscriptions] (Historische Sprachforschung; Ergänzungsheft 36) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 188f

From Old Swedish ængin, from Old Norse engi, enginn, from einn (“one”) + -gi (privative suffix).

IPA^(key): /ˈɪŋˌɛn/, [ˈɪŋːˌɛ̂n]

ingen (neuter inget, plural inga)

no
Jag har ingen bil
I have no car

Vi har ingen mjölk hemma
We have no milk at home

Jag har inga cigaretter
I have no cigarettes

Inget träd kan leva av vatten allena
No tree can live on water alone
1. none (when the referent is implied, which is often idiomatic in Swedish, similar to after "any" in English in the example)
  – Ge mig en cigarett. – Jag har inga ["cigaretter" implied].
  – Give me a cigarette. – I don't have any ["cigarettes" implied – "I have no/none"].

ingen (neuter inget, plural inga)

none
Ingen av burkarna innehöll cola
None of the cans contained cola

Inget av detta är en slump
None of this is a coincidence

För musiken står inga mindre än Rolling Stones
The music is provided by ("for the music stands") none other than ("none lesser than" – idiomatic) the Rolling Stones
1. (almost always common gender) no one, nobody
  Ingen har någonsin sprungit 100 meter på under nio sekunder!
  No one has ever run 100 meters faster than nine seconds!
(in the neuter inget) Synonym of ingenting (“nothing”)
- 1994, Lisa Ekdahl, “Vem vet [Who knows]”, in Lisa Ekdahl‎^[1]:
  Vem vet? Inte du. Vem vet? Inte jag. Vi vet ingenting nu. Vi vet inget idag.
  Who knows? Not you. Who knows? Not I. We know nothing now. We know nothing today.

See the usage notes for inget.