rugir - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Borrowed from Latin rugīre (“roar”). First attested in the 19th century.[1]
rugir (first-person singular present rugeixo, first-person singular preterite rugí, past participle rugit)
- (intransitive) to roar
- ^ “rugir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “rugir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “rugir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “rugir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Borrowed from Latin rugīre (“roar”). Cf. Old French ruir, a more gallicized variant. See also rut.
rugir
- to roar
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | rugir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | rugissant /ʁy.ʒi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | rugi /ʁy.ʒi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | rugis /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugis /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugit /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugissons /ʁy.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
rugissez /ʁy.ʒi.se/ |
rugissent /ʁy.ʒis/ |
imperfect | rugissais /ʁy.ʒi.sɛ/ |
rugissais /ʁy.ʒi.sɛ/ |
rugissait /ʁy.ʒi.sɛ/ |
rugissions /ʁy.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
rugissiez /ʁy.ʒi.sje/ |
rugissaient /ʁy.ʒi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | rugis /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugis /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugit /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugîmes /ʁy.ʒim/ |
rugîtes /ʁy.ʒit/ |
rugirent /ʁy.ʒiʁ/ | |
future | rugirai /ʁy.ʒi.ʁe/ |
rugiras /ʁy.ʒi.ʁa/ |
rugira /ʁy.ʒi.ʁa/ |
rugirons /ʁy.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ |
rugirez /ʁy.ʒi.ʁe/ |
rugiront /ʁy.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | rugirais /ʁy.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
rugirais /ʁy.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
rugirait /ʁy.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
rugirions /ʁy.ʒi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
rugiriez /ʁy.ʒi.ʁje/ |
rugiraient /ʁy.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | rugisse /ʁy.ʒis/ |
rugisses /ʁy.ʒis/ |
rugisse /ʁy.ʒis/ |
rugissions /ʁy.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
rugissiez /ʁy.ʒi.sje/ |
rugissent /ʁy.ʒis/ |
imperfect2 | rugisse /ʁy.ʒis/ |
rugisses /ʁy.ʒis/ |
rugît /ʁy.ʒi/ |
rugissions /ʁy.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
rugissiez /ʁy.ʒi.sje/ |
rugissent /ʁy.ʒis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
simple | — | rugis /ʁy.ʒi/ |
— | rugissons /ʁy.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
rugissez /ʁy.ʒi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
- “rugir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Probably borrowed from Latin rugīre (“to roar”).
rugir (first-person singular present rujo, first-person singular preterite rugi, past participle rugido)
- to roar (to make a loud, deep cry)
Borrowed from Latin rugīre (“roar”). Compare the inherited Old Spanish (and Ladino) ruir; cf. also the related ruido.[1]
rugir (first-person singular present rujo, first-person singular preterite rugí, past participle rugido)
Selected combined forms of rugir (g-j alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “rugir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- “rugir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10