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Planetary Nebulae in Globular Clusters

️Hartmut Frommert, Christine Kronberg

Up to now, the following planetary nebulae have been reported in Milky Way Globular Clusters:

Pease 1 in M15 (Pease 1928)
Another possible but doubtful planetary nebula in M15. This one has been reported by Peterson (1976), situated near M15's center, but was never confirmed since.
GJJC 1 (IRAS 18333-2357) in M22 (Gillett et.al. 1988)
JaFu 1 in Palomar 6 (Jacoby and Fullton 1997); also see the JaFu 1 & 2 challenge page [archival copy]
JaFu 2 in NGC 6441 (Jacoby and Fullton 1997; see George Jacoby's Planetary Nebula gallery); also see the JaFu 1 & 2 challenge page [archival copy]

Astronomical data of the globulars and planetaries:

          RA (2000.0) Dec  Con  dim   mv    kly    RV    Cl  [Fe/H]
M 15      21:30.0  +12:10  Peg  12.3  6.2  32.6  -107.3   4  -2.25
M 22      18:36.4  -23:54  Sgr  24.0  5.1  10.1  -148.9   7  -1.64
NGC 6441  17:50.2  -37:03  Sco   8.0  7.1  36.5  + 16.4      -0.53
Pal 6     17:43.7  -26:13  Oph   7.2 13.60  9.5  +201.0  11  -0.10

Planetary Neb.   Globular  RA (2000.0)   Dec  dim  m_v   dist GC   other ID
Pease 1          M15       21:30.02 +12:10.2   3"  15.5   26" NNE  PK 065-27.1, Kuster 648, ARO 111, IRAS 21274+1156, PN G065.0-27.3
Peterson         M15 ??                                           
GJJC 1           M22       18:36.3  -23:55.5   8"  15.    56" SSW  IRAS 18333-2357, PK 009-07.1, PN G009.8-07.5
JaFu 2           NGC 6441  17:50:11 -37:03:27  5"         37" SW   IRAS 17468-3702, PK 353-05.2, PN G353.5-05.0
JaFu 1           Pal 6?    17:43:58 -26 11.8   8" ~16::  230" ENE  PK 002+01.4, PN G002.1+01.7
                                                        (3'E .5'N)

A former candidate was Peterson 1 (Pt 1; PK 004+03.1, see Peterson 1977), an object in the neighborhood and perhaps associated with globular cluster NGC 6401 (RA: 17:38.6, Dec: -23:55 for 2000.0) in Ophiuchus. However, Torres-Peimbert et.al. (1980) found that this object exhibits a red stellar continuum - thus is not a planetary nebula but a symbiotic star; see also Acker and Stenholm (1990).

Links

Planetary Nebulae in Globular Clusters page, by Doug Snyder [archival copy]

References:

Acker, A. and Stenholm, B., 1990. Misclassified planetary nebulae. Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 86, no. 2 (Dec 1990), pp. 219-225. [ADS: 1990A&AS...86..219A]
Gillett, F. C. et.al., 1988. The optical/infrared counterpart(s) of IRAS 18333-2357. Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 338, March 15, 1989, pp. 862-874 [ADS: 1989ApJ...338..862G]
Jacoby, George H.; Morse, Jon A.; Fullton, L. Kellar; Kwitter, K. B.; Henry, R. B. C., 1997. Planetary Nebulae in the Globular Cluster PAL 6 and NGC 6441. Astronomical Journal, Vol. 114, pp. 2611-2625 [ADS: 1997AJ....114.2611J]
Pease, F.G., 1928. A Planetary Nebula in the Globular Cluster Messier 15. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 40, No. 237 (10/1928), p. 342 [ADS: 1928PASP...40..342P]
S. Torres-Peimbert, E. Recillas-Cruz, and M. Peimbert, 1980. The symbiotic star near the globular cluster NGC 6401. Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica, Vol. 5, pp. 51-58 [ADS: 1980RMxAA...5...51T]
Peterson, A.W., 1976. Possible detection of a second planetary nebula in M 15 at Halpha. Astron. Astrophys., 53, pp. 441-442 (1976) [ADS: 1976A&A....53..441P]
Peterson, A.W., 1977. A new planetary nebula. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, Vol. 89, pp. 129-130 (10/1977) [ADS: 1977PASP...89..129P]
Tytell, David, 2002. Finding Planetaries in Globs: A Do-It-Yourself Guide. Sky & Telescope, Vol. 103, No. 2, pp. 70-71 (February 2002) [ADS: 2002S&T...103b..70T] A new review.

Hartmut Frommert
Christine Kronberg
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Definite Version: October 27, 2005
Last Modification: January 22, 2020