Conservation of Wildlife Populations : Demography, Genetics, and Management | WorldCat.org
Intro
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
List of boxes
Preface to second edition
Preface to first edition
List of symbols
Acknowledgments for second edition
Acknowledgments for first edition
PART I: Background to Applied Population Biology
CHAPTER 1: The big picture: human population dynamics meet applied population biology
Introduction
Population Ecology of Humans
Human population growth
Human impacts on wildlife through effects other than population size
Extinction Rates of Other Species
Number of species on Earth: described and not yet described
Historic versus current rates of extinction
Humans and Sustainable Harvest
The Big Picture
Further Reading
CHAPTER 2: Designing studies and interpreting population biology data: how do we know what we know?
Introduction
Obtaining Reliable Facts Through Sampling
Replication and randomization
Controls
Accuracy, error, and variation
Linking Observed Facts to Ideasmind Leads to Understanding
The hypothetico-deductive (HD) approach
Three ways to test hypotheses
Model selection based on information-theoreticmethods
Bayesian statistics: updating knowledge withnew information
Ethics and the Wildlife Population Biologist
Summary
Further Reading
CHAPTER 3: Genetic concepts and tools to support wildlife population biology
Introduction
What Is Genetic Variation?
Genetic Markers Used in Wildlife Population Biology
Fragment analysis
Microsatellite DNA
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
Genes that affect fitness: functional genomics, adaptive variation, and transcriptomics
Insights into Wildlife Population Biology Using Genetic Tools
Taxonomy and hybridization
Determining species identity and distribution
Determining gender and individual identity
Summary. All Vital Rates are not Created Equal: Analytical Sensitivities and Elasticities
Stochasticity in Age and Stage-Structured Populations
Sensitivity Analysis in the Broad Sense to Help Evaluate Management Actions
Sensitivity analysis method 1: manual perturbation
Sensitivity analysis method 2: analytical sensitivity and elasticity analysis
Sensitivity analysis method 3: life-stage simulation analysis
Fitness is Lambda, Selection is Management
Case Studies Using Matrix Models to Guide Conservation Decision-Making
Case study 1: what are the best management actions to recover an endangered species?
Case study 2: prioritizing recovery actions in Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep using asymptotic and nonasymptotic sensitivity analysis
Case study 3: what are the most efficient management actions to reduce a pest population?
Case study 4: how should a harvested species be managed?
Summary
Further Reading
CHAPTER 7: Density-dependent population change
Introduction
Negative Density Dependence
The Logistic: One Simple Model of Negative Density-Dependent Population Growth
Some Counterintuitive Dynamics: Limit Cycles and Chaos
Positive Density Dependence
Negative and Positive Density Dependence Operate Together
Component Versus Demographic Outcomes of Density Dependence
Summary
Further Reading
CHAPTER 8: Predation and wildlife populations
Introduction
Does Predation Affect Prey Numbers?
Factor 1. Determining How Predation Affects Prey Numbers: Predation Rate
Numerical responses of predators
Functional responses of predators
Total predation rate
Factor 2. Determining How Predation Affects Prey Numbers: Compensation
Factor 3. Determining How Predation Affects Prey Numbers: Who Gets Killed
Summary
Further Reading. CHAPTER 9: Genetic variation and fitness in wildlife populations
Introduction
Long-Term Benefits of Genetic Variation
Genetic variation allows long-term adaptation
Genetic variation provides ecosystem services
What Determines Levels of Genetic Variation in Populations?
The big four: mutation, gene flow, natural selection, and genetic drift
The genetic effective population size
Genetic changes due to population fragmentation
Quantifying the Loss of Heterozygosity: The Inbreeding Coefficient
Defining inbreeding
Estimating the inbreeding coefficient in wildlife populations
When Does Inbreeding Due to Genetic Drift Lead to Inbreeding Depression?
Inbreeding depression in wildlife populations
Can wild populations adapt to inbreeding through purging?
Another genetic mechanism that could reduce vital rates: mutations in mtDNA
Inbreeding depression meets other concerns in fragmented populations
Outbreeding Depression and the Loss of Local Adaptation
Genetic Rescue, Genetic Restoration, and Long-Term Population Recovery
Appropriate Levels of Genetic Connectivity
Case Studies Where Genetic Rescue Meets the Real World
Greater prairie chicken
Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep
Adder
Wolves of several types: Scandinavian, Mexican, and US
Florida panther
Summary
Further Reading
CHAPTER 10: Dynamics of multiple populations
Introduction
What Is Connectivity?
Consequences of Connectivity for Wildlife Populations
Persistence and fluctuations of populations
Colonization and recolonization of empty sites
Abundance of populations providing dispersers
Taxonomic designation
Measuring Connectivity among Wildlife Populations
Radiotelemetry and mark-recapture
Genetic approaches
Multiple Populations are Not All Equal
Multiple isolated populations
Metapopulations. Further Reading
CHAPTER 4: Estimating population vital rates
Introduction
Estimating Abundance and Density
Background: censusing, estimating, and indexing abundance
Transect methods for estimating abundance
Sightability or observation probability models
Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods for estimating abundance
Robust design
Density estimation in capture-mark-recapture studies
Survival Estimation
Known-fate models
CMR using the Cormack-Jolly-Seber method
Band-return approaches
Other approaches
Estimation of Reproduction
Sex Ratio
Sex ratios in the wild
Summary
Further Reading
PART II: Population processes: the basis for management
CHAPTER 5: The simplest way to describe and project population growth: exponential or geometric change
Introduction
Fundamentals of Geometric or Exponential Growth
Discrete (geometric) growth
Continuous (exponential) growth
Overview of λ and r
Doubling time
Causes and Consequences of Variation in Population Growth
Factors that cause population growth to fluctuate
Implications of variation in population growth
Quantifying Exponential Population Growth in a Stochastic Environment
Exponential growth with observation error only (EGOE)
Exponential growth with process noise only (EGPN)
Process noise and observation error occurring simultaneously (EGSS)
Summary
Further Reading
CHAPTER 6: All stage classes are not equal in their effects on population growth: structured population-projection models
Introduction
Anatomy of a Population-Projection Matrix
How Timing of Sampling Affects the Matrix
Projecting a Matrix Through Time Leads to Transient and Asymptotic Dynamics
How to project the matrix
Stable stage distribution, transient dynamics, and reproductive value