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Extraordinary preservation in a new vertebrate assemblage from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia - Nature

  • ️Altangerel, Perle
  • ️Thu Mar 30 1995

Abstract

WE report here a new locality, Ukhaa Tolgod ('brown hills'), from the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, which shows an unmatched abundance of well preserved vertebrate fossils, including the highest concentration of mammalian skulls and skeletons from any Mesozoic site. In the main collecting area (about 4 km2), recovered and uncollected articulated skeletons of thero-pod, ankylosaurian and protoceratopsian dinosaurs represent over 100 individuals. Specimens collected also include skulls (many with associated skeletons) of over 400 mammals and lizards, skeletons (including the first known skull) of the bird Mononykus, and nest sites that preserve the first known theropod dinosaur embryos1. In contrast to other Mesozoic localities, the diversity and abundance of theropods, mammals and lizards are unusually high. The exceptional preservation of vertebrates from the red-bed facies of the Gobi Upper Cretaceous has been attributed to arid conditions2–4, possibly involving catastrophic death and burial during major sandstorms5. Although fossils are found in fluvial facies at Ukhaa Tolgod, high concentrations of excellent specimens in aeolian facies support the argument for rapid entombment in sand. This contrasts with conditions for the terrestrial Upper Cretaceous in North and South America, where accretionary preservation of fossils in fluvial deposits predominates.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaan Bataar, 11, Mongolia

    Demberelyin Dashzeveg

  2. Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street and CPW, New York, New York, 10024, USA

    Michael J. Novacek, Mark A. Norell, James M. Clark, Luis M. Chiappe, Amy Davidson, Malcolm C. McKenna & Lowell Dingus

  3. Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, California, 94709, USA

    Carl Swisher

  4. Mongolian Museum of Natural History, Ulaan Bataar, 46, Zaluchudin Gudamz, 1, Mongolia

    Perle Altangerel

Authors

  1. Demberelyin Dashzeveg

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  2. Michael J. Novacek

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  3. Mark A. Norell

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  4. James M. Clark

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  5. Luis M. Chiappe

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  6. Amy Davidson

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  7. Malcolm C. McKenna

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  8. Lowell Dingus

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  9. Carl Swisher

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  10. Perle Altangerel

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Dashzeveg, D., Novacek, M., Norell, M. et al. Extraordinary preservation in a new vertebrate assemblage from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Nature 374, 446–449 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1038/374446a0

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  • Received: 12 December 1994

  • Accepted: 31 January 1995

  • Issue Date: 30 March 1995

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/374446a0