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Plant Genome Organization and Structure

Introduction

Plasmids

Bacteriophage Lambda Vectors

Cosmids

Yeast Artificial Chromosomes (YACs)

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes (BACs)

Library Screening and Gene Sequencing

Course Topics

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Introduction

What is cloning? Cloning is a procedure which generates a large number of copies of a single sequence of DNA. These procedures depend upon the ability of vectors to continue their life cycles in bacterial or yeast cells in spite of having foreign DNA inserted into them. Because the foreign DNA is carried into the bacterial or yeast cell by these molecules, they are called cloning vectors.

Properties of all cloning vectors

will accept foreign DNA and can still complete their life cycle
permit those bacterial or yeast cells that contain the foreign DNA to be distinguished from those that do not

Types of vectors

plasmids
bacteriophage
cosmids
yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs)
bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs)

Insert Size of Various DNA Cloning Vectors

Vector	Insert size (kb)
Plasmid	<10 kb
Bacteriophage	9-20 kb
Cosmids	33-47 kb
BACs	75-125 kb
YACS	100-1000 kb