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Andorra

️Ben Cahoon

Andorra

Map of Andorra	Hear National Anthem "El Gran Carlemany" (The Great Charlemagne)	Text of National Anthem Adopted 8 Sep 1921	Constitution (4 May 1993) ------------------------------- Plan of Reform (31 May 1866-28 Apr 1993)
Capital: Andorra la Vella	Currency: Euro (EUR); to 1 Jan 2002 French Franc (FRF) and Spanish Peseta (ESP)	National Holiday: 8 Sep (1278) Festivitat de Nostra Senyora de Meritxell (Our Lady of Meritxell Day)	Population: 85,370 (2024)
GDP: $5.16 billion (2023)	Exports: $2.73 billion (2022) Imports: $2.44 billion (2022)	Ethnic groups: Spanish 34.3%, Andorran 32.1%, Portuguese 10%, French 5.6%, other 18% (2024)
Total Police Force: 237 (2012) Defense is the Responsibility of France and Spain Merchant marine: None (2024)	Religions: Roman Catholic 85.5% (official), other Christian 5.3%, no religion 6.9%, Muslim 1.3%, others 1% (2020)
International Organizations/Treaties: APM, BTWC, CCM, CE, CPLP (associate observer), CTBT, CWC, ESCR, Eutelsat, FAO, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IPU, IRENA (signatory), ISA (observer), ITU, LU, NPT, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, SEGIB, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-PA, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)

Andorra	Chronology c.803 Part of the Kingdom of the Franks. 23 Jan 843 Conceded to Sicfridus (Sunifrid) Count of Urgell as a feudal domain by the Frankish king. 988 Count Borrell II of Urgell transfers some Andorran holdings to the Bishop of Urgell, in exchange for lands in Catalonia. 18 Apr 1095 Administration over the bishops holdings is given to the vicomte Caboet as a fief (confirmed 29 Jun 1162); which on 14 Jan 1170 is transferred to the Castellbò family, and then from 1208 to Roger Bernat II comte de Foix. 27 Jan 1133 Remaining holdings of the Count of Urgell are given to the Bishop of Urgell, later this is disputed by the heirs of the count. 8 Sep 1278 Les Valls d'Andorra (Valleys of Andorra) is constituted as a condominium in accordance with the Pareatge (charter) by the Count of Foix (from 12 Feb 1479, title is held by kings of Navarra) and the Bishop of Urgell (in Aragón, later Spain) (ratified 7 Oct 1282, amended 6 Dec 1288), the co-princes are represented by vicars (veguer de las valls); and each is entitled to tribute in alternate years. 15 Oct 1303 Under Aragonese protection (by letters patent). 1396 - 1396 Occupied by Aragón. 11 Feb 1419 First parliament (Consell de la Terra) established. 1512 - 1513 Occupied by Aragón. 2 Aug 1589 The King of Navarra and Count of Foix becomes the King of France. 20 Oct 1620 The County of Foix and Kingdom of Navarra become part of the French crown lands; the title of Andorran Co-prince is held thereafter by the head of state of France. 22 Aug 1793 - 27 Mar 1806 French Republic renounces position of Co-prince. 27 Mar 1806 French protection revived, France represented by prefect of Ariége. 26 Jan 1812 - 1814 Andorra is incorporated into Catalonia which had been organized as a territory occupied by the army of France according an imperial decree (as part of the département of Sègre [from 7 Mar 1813 Sègre- Ter département] see under Catalonia) the status of the French co-ruler remained unconfirmed. 1814 Disintegration of French military authority in Catalonia. 30 May 1814 Former Andorran status confirmed by Treaty of Paris. 1834 - 1839 Andorra declares neutrality during Spanish Carlist War (and again 1873-1876). 31 May 1866 Consell General de las Valls replaces the former parliament. 3 Jun 1882 France represented by prefect of Pyrénées-Orientals 18 Aug 1933 - 9 Oct 1933 Unrest leads to intervention by French gendarmes. 7 Jul 1934 - 21 Jul 1934 Consell General elects adventurer Boris Skossyreff (Skosyrev)(b. 1896 - d. 1989) sovereign prince of Andorra (and self-declared regent for the 'absent' King of France), he is removed by Spanish police acting for the Bishop of Urgell. Jul 1936 - Nov 1940 French gendarmes garrison Andorra during the Spanish civil war. 16 Jun 1940 - 14 Sep 1944 French Viguier loyal to "Vichy" France (from 14 Sep 1944, Free France); on 24 Sep 1940, Pétain assumes the style of Co-prince. 15 Nov 1944 - 1945 Intervention by French gendarmes. 4 May 1993 Principality of Andorra (Principat d'Andorra).

Co-princes (Bishops of Urgell¹)
8 Sep 1278 - 12 Jan 1293 Pere d'Urtx i de Mataplana (d. 1293)
   (Pedro de Urgio)
12 Jan 1293 - 19 Dec 1295 Vacant
19 Dec 1295 - 3 Nov 1308 Guillem de Montcada i de Narbona (d. 1308)
3 Nov 1308 - 29 Jul 1309 Vacant
29 Jul 1309 - 12 May 1326 Ramon Trebaylla                    (d. 1326)
27 Jun 1326 - 3 Oct 1341 Arnau Guillem de Llordà          (d. 1341)
17 Dec 1341 - 1344         Pere de Narbona i d'Illa-Jorda     (d. 1344?)
1344 - 12 Jun 1348 Vacant
13 Jun 1348 - 17 Dec 1350 Nicola Capocci dei Monti           (d. 1368)
17 Dec 1350 - 25 Oct 1351 Vacant
25 Oct 1351 - 20 Feb 1361 Hugó Desbach                       (d. 1361)
20 Feb 1361 - 12 Jan 1362 Vacant
12 Jan 1362 - 29 Jun 1364 Guillem Arnau i de Patau           (d. 1364)
29 Jun 1364 - 10 Feb 1365 Vacant
10 Feb 1365 - 1370         Pere de Luna                       (d. 1370)
20 Sep 1370 - 3 May 1387 Berenguer d'Erill i de Pallars (d. 1387)
Sobirà
3 May 1387 - 11 Mar 1388 Vacant
11 Mar 1388 - 15 Apr 1415 Galcerand de Vilanova              (d. 1415)
15 Apr 1415 - 15 Nov 1416 Vacant
15 Nov 1416 - 14 Apr 1436 Francesc de Toviá (d. 1436)
14 Apr 1436 - 19 Jul 1437 Vacant
19 Jul 1437 - 16 Aug 1461 Arnau Roger de Pallars i d'Orcau (d. 1461)
14.. - 14 Dec 1457 Miquel d'Épila (d. 1457)
(in dispute over the See)
23 Sep 1461 - 1 Dec 1466 Jaume Francesc Folc de Cardona i (b. 1405 - d. 1466)
d'Aragó (from 18 Dec 1461, Cardenal
de la Santa Romana Església)
1 Dec 1466 - 27 Nov 1467 Vacant
27 Nov 1467 - 11 Dec 1472 Roderic de Borja i Escrivà (b. 1431 - d. 1503)
Fenollet i Próixita
11 Dec 1472 - 8 Jan 1515 Pere Folc de Cardona (d. 1530)
18 Apr 1515 - 24 Oct 1530 Joan d'Espés i Sescomes        (d. 1530)
24 Oct 1530 - 15 May 1532 Vacant
15 May 1532 - 10 Jan 1533 Pere Jordan d'Urries (d. 1533)
10 Jan 1533 - 8 Jun 1534 Vacant
8 Jun 1534 - 26 Oct 1551 Francesc d'Urries          (d. 1551)
26 Oct 1551 - 22 Oct 1552 Joan Punyet, bisbe de Cirene (d. 1552)
                             (apostolic administrator acting)
22 Oct 1552 - 13 Apr 1556 Miquel Despuig i Vacarte           (d. 1559)
24 Apr 1556 - 23 Sep 1560 Joan Pérez García de Oliván        (d. 1560)
23 Sep 1560 - 8 Aug 1561 Vacant
8 Aug 1561 - 1 Feb 1571 Pere de Castellet i d'Icart        (d. 1571)
1 Feb 1571 - 9 Jun 1572 Vacant
9 Jun 1572 - 4 Jul 1576 Joan Dimes Lloris                  (d. 1598)
4 Jul 1576 - 21 Feb 1578 Vacant
21 Feb 1578 - 23 Aug 1579 Miquel Jeroni Morell               (b. 1531 - d. 1579)
23 Aug 1579 - 9 May 1580 Vacant
9 May 1580 - 8 Dec 1586 Hugó Ambrós de Montcada i Cardona (d. 1586)
   Tolca i Manrique de Lara
(Ambrós de Montcada)
8 Dec 1586 - 29 Jan 1588 Vacant
29 Jan 1588 - 22 Sep 1609 Andreu Capella                     (b. 1540 - d. 1609)
22 Sep 1609 - 26 May 1610 Vacant
26 May 1610 - 24 Feb 1620 Bernat de Salbà i de Salbà         (b. 1553 - d. 1620)
24 Feb 1620 - 8 Aug 1622 Vacant
8 Aug 1622 - 3 Jan 1627 Luís Díes Aux de Armendáriz i    (b. 1571 - d. 1627)
Saavedra
17 May 1627 - 21 Feb 1632 Antoni Pérez (Antoni Maxó i Pérez) (b. 1563 - d. 1637)
21 Feb 1632 - 9 Jan 1634 Vacant
9 Jan 1634-12/18 Feb 1651 Joan Pau Duran                     (b. 1582 - d. 1651)
12/18 Feb 1651-25 Oct 1655 Vacant
25 Oct 1655 - 26 Nov 1663 Joan Manuel de Espinosa            (b. 1597 - d. 1679)
   (Juan de Espinosa y Manuel de Medina)
26 Nov 1663 - 23 Jun 1664 Vacant
23 Jun 1664 - 29 Apr 1670 Melcior de Palau i Boscà           (b. c.1600 - d. 1670)
29 Apr 1670 - 22 Dec 1670 Vacant
22 Dec 1670 - 16 Mar 1681 Pere de Copons i de Teixidor       (b. 1620 - d. 1681)
16 Mar 1681 - 16 Feb 1682 Vacant
16 Feb 1682 - 16 Aug 1688 Joan Baptista Desbach i Martorell (b. 1617 - d. 1688)
16 Aug 1688 - 23 May 1689 Vacant
23 May 1689 - 19 Oct 1694 Oleguer de Montserrat i Rufet      (b. 1618 - d. 1694)
19 Oct 1694 - 4 Jul 1695 Vacant
4 Jul 1695 - 17 Jan 1714 Francesc Julià Cano i Thebar       (b. 1646 - d. 1719)
17 Jan 1714 - 17 Sep 1714 Vacant
17 Sep 1714 - 27 Aug 1737 Simeó de Guinda y Apéztegui        (b. 1669 - d. 1737)
27 Aug 1737 - 5 May 1738 Vacant
5 May 1738 - 12 May 1747 Jordi Curado y Torreblanca (b. 1682 - d. 1749)
Méndez de Sotomayor
15 May 1747 - 2 Oct 1756 Sebastià Josep de Victoria de      (b. 1683 - d. 1756)
                             Emparán y de Loyola
2 Oct 1756 - 28 Mar 1757 Vacant
28 Mar 1757 - 8 Sep 1762 Francesc Josep Catalán de Ocón     (b. 1701 - d. 1762)
8 Sep 1762 - 21 Mar 1763 Vacant
21 Mar 1763 - 22 Apr 1771 Francesc Fernández de Xátiva y (b. 1704 - d. 1771)
Contreras
22 Apr 1771 - 11 Nov 1771 Vacant
11 Nov 1771 - 1 Mar 1779 Joaquín de Santiyán y Valdivielso (b. 1733 - d. 1783)
1 Mar 1779 - 18 Sep 1780 Vacant
18 Sep 1780 - 23 May 1783 Joan de García y Montenegro        (b. 1716 - d. 1783)
23 May 1783 - 14 Feb 1785 Vacant
14 Feb 1785 - 8 Dec 1795 Josep de Boltas i Vélez            (b. 1738 - d. 1795)
8 Dec 1795 - 24 Jul 1797 Vacant
24 Jul 1797 - 26 Jan 1812 Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y      (b. 1753 - d. 1821)
Cisneros (1st time)
26 Jan 1812 - 1814     annexed to France
1814 - 23 Sep 1816     Francesc Antoni de la Dueña y      (s.a.)
Cisneros (2nd time)
23 Sep 1816 - 27 Jul 1817 Vacant
28 Jul 1817 - 27 Sep 1824 Bernat Francès Caballero i Mathet (b. 1774 - d. 1843)
20 Dec 1824 - 21 May 1827 Isidor Bonifaci López y Pulido     (b. 1774 - d. 1827)
25 Jun 1827 - 22 Aug 1851 Simó Rojas de Guardiola i          (b. 1773 - d. 1851)
Hortoneda
(in Montpellier, France exile Oct 1835-1847)
22 Aug 1851 - 30 Mar 1853 Vacant
30 Mar 1853 - 26 Aug 1879 Josep Caixal i Estradé             (b. 1803 - d. 1879)
(from Aug 1875, in Alicante, then Rome exile)
23 Mar 1879 - 24 Sep 1901 Salvador d'Horta Casañas i Pagès (b. 1834 - d. 1908)
(apostolic administrator acting to
22 Sep 1879 and from 27 Jul 1901)
24 Sep 1901 - 27 Dec 1901 Ramon Riu i Cabanes                (b. 1853 - d. 1901)
27 Dec 1901 - 2 Jan 1902 Vacant
2 Jan 1902 - 10 Sep 1902 Toribio Martín i Barranco (acting) (b. 1874 - d. 19..)
(apostolic vicar)
10 Sep 1902 - 6 Dec 1906 Joan Josep Laguarda i Fenollera    (b. 1866 - d. 1913)
6 Dec 1906 - 11 Jul 1907 Josep Pujargimon i Camardons
(Josep Pujargimzú)
(apostolic vicar acting)
11 Jul 1907 - 2 Jul 1919 Joan Baptista Benlloch i Vivó      (b. 1864 - d. 1926)
2 Jul 1919 - 23 May 1920 Jaume Viladrich i Gaspar (b. 1865 - d. 1926)
(apostolic vicar acting)
23 May 1920 - 31 Jan 1940 Justí Guitart i Vilardebò          (b. 1875 - d. 1940)
(in San Remo, Italy exile Aug 1936 - Apr 1938)
31 Jan 1940 - 4 Apr 1943 Ricard Fornesa i Puigdemasa    (b. 1883 - d. 1948)
(apostolic vicar acting)
4 Apr 1943 - 29 Apr 1969 Ramon Iglésias i Navarri           (b. 1889 - d. 1972)
29 Apr 1969 - 31 Jan 1971 Ramon Malla Call, bisbe de Lleida (b. 1922 - d. 2014)
(apostolic administrator acting)
31 Jan 1971 - 12 May 2003 Joan Martí i Alanís      (b. 1928 - d. 2009)
29 Jul 2001 -              Joan Enric Vives i Sicília (b. 1949)
(coadjutor to 12 May 2003)
21 Sep 2024 -              Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat (b. 1977)
(coadjutor)

Episcopal Vicars (Veguers)
c.1356 - c.1360          Roger de Besora
c.1364                   Ferrer de Perves
c.1366 Marti Gomis de Luna
c.1372 Huguet d'Areny
c.1393 Francesc Guillem de Navès
c.1405 - c.1430    Guillem Ramon Graner
c.1416 Arnau Real
c.1421                     Vicenç de la Figuera
c.1430 - c.1434            Guiu Catell
c.1440 - c.1442            Joan Sulla
c.1442 - c.1444            Bernat de Pallerols
c.1445 - c.1448            Guillem de Campa
10 Mar 1463 - c.1473       Pere de Paüls
c.1487                     Guillem d'Erill
c.1505                     Josep de Riba
c.1516       Damià Simon
c.1554                     Joan de Sulla
c.1571                     Joanot Ribot
1580 - 1582                Joan Roig i de Castellví
c.1587                     Boquet
1602 - 16..                Isidoro d'Aguilar
3 Feb 1628 - 16.. Alexandre de Taverner i de
Montornés
1664 - 16.. Armanter Aguilar
c.1679     Anton Pera i de Tord
c.1705 - c.1715        Francesc Carreu
1736? - 1737?    Antoni Peguera?
1737 - 1748 Antoni Fiter i Rossell (b. 1706 - d. 1748)
1748 - c.1754        Pere Fiter i Rossell
1756 - 1777    Guillem Moles i Rossell    (b. 1705 - d. 1788)
1777 - 17..        Guillem Areny i Montargull    (b. 1730 - d. 1806)
1789 - ....                Pere Mateu Moles
1835 - 1841                Fidel Periu
(special commissioner of Queen Isabel II)
1841 - 1848                Bonifació Ulrich
(special commissioner of Queen Isabel II)
1845 - 1858                Bonaventura Riba
1858 - 186. Guillem Torres
c.1863 Antoni Rossell
186. - 1868 Manuel Amalot
9 Aug 1868 - 1881     Pere Dallerés i Sucrana
22 Jan 1881 - 1881         Pere Canturri
1 Jul 1881 - 1882         Josep Oriol Dodero i Ponte
27 Jul 1882 - 1885         Francesc Pallerola (1st time) (b. 1886 - d. 1920)
16 Apr 1885 - 1886         Antoni Cerqueda
8 Nov 1886 - 1915         Francesc Pallerola (2nd time) (s.a.)
17 May 1915 - 1933         Joseph de Riba
3 Jul 1933 - 1934         Enric de Llorens i Ribas
3 Feb 1934 - 1936         Jaume Sansa i Nequí (1st time)     (b. 1908 - d. 1977)
1936 - 1939                Miguel Mateu i Pla (b. 1898 - d. 1972)
(episcopal delegate)
1936 - 1937                Francesc Cairat i Freixes (acting) (b. 1880 - d. 1968)
1937 - 1972                Jaume Sansa i Nequí (2nd time)     (s.a.)
19 Apr 1972 - 4 May 1993 Francesc Badia i Batalla (b. 1923 - d. 2020)
Personal Representative of the Episcopal Co-prince
4 May 1993 - 20 Jul 2012 Nemesi Marquès i Oste              (b. 1935)
(acting to 24 Feb 1994)
20 Jul 2012 - 27 Nov 2023 Josep Maria Mauri Prior            (b. 1941)
27 Nov 2023 -              Eduard Ibáñez Pulido               (b. 1969)

Co-princes¹
8 Sep 1278 - 20 Oct 1620 the counts/countesses of Foix
20 Oct 1620 - 21 Sep 1792 the kings of France
21 Sep 1792 - 27 Mar 1806 Vacant
27 Mar 1806 - 26 Jan 1812 the head of state of France
26 Jan 1812 - 1814 status unconfirmed
1814 -       the heads of state of France
French Vicars (Viguiers Françis pour l'Andorre)
c.1144 - c.1185    Ramon de Falguera
1201 - 12..    Ramon de Carmanill
12.. - 12.. P.R. de Falguera
c.1314 - c.1331            Pere Arnau de Castellverdú
c.1356                   Guillem (Guillaume) Jaculatori d'Ax
c.1353 - c.1391          Arnau de Cos
c.1364 - c.1366          Ramon d'Ornac
c.1391                     Bernat Saquet
c.1405                     Guissard de Nadaylles
c.1419 Joan de Gots
c.1419                     Ramon de Capdevila
(lieutenant of Johan de Gotz)
c.1433                     sire de Ponts
c.1445 - c.1448    Guillem Arnau de Léo, seigneur
de Milglos
c.1465 - c.1468            Menaud de Lobie, baron de Milglos
c.1487 Arnau Corts
c.1489                     Joan de Milglos
c.1547 Joan de Fers (?)
1572 - ....    Roc Godofré
Jan 1584 - ....    de Brimon
1618 - 1628                Guillaume de Prétiane
1628 - 1632 Jean de Prétiane, seigneur de
Fontfroide d'Ax
1646 - 16..     Armand-Jean du Peyré, comte        (b. 1598 - d. 1672)
de Trois
c.1648 François de Murat Boquet
29 Oct 1662 - c.1682       Jérôme de Fornier, sieur de Garanou(b. 1630 - d. ....)
(Garanon)
1702 - 8 Aug 1715         François de Moreau
1715 - 14 Feb 1735       Jean-François de Moreau, (1st time)
seigneur d'Orlu
1759 - 1760                Louis Gaspard de Sales, marquis de (b. 1707 - d. 1796)
Gudanes, baron de Château-Verdun
et d'Aston, seigneur de Luzenac
(commander for the king in province of Foix,
Country of Donezan and valleys of Andorra)
1760                       Jean-François de Moreau, (2nd time)
seigneur d'Orlu
5 Dec 1735 - 14 Mar 1768 Jean de Perpère (b. c.1689 - d. 1768)
1768 - 1780    Vacant
1780 - 1783 Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de    (b. 1730 - d. 1807)
Breteuil, baron de Breteuil,
   baron de Preuilly
1783 - 1788 ....
14 Oct 1788 - 15 Oct 1806 Joseph Boniface Goma-Montou
15 Oct 1806 - 22 Sep 1820 Joseph Pilhes, dit La Baumelle     (b. 1740 - d. 1832)
22 Sep 1820 - 1835         Pierre-Roch, chevalier de    (b. 1785 - d. 1874)
Roussillou
10 Jan 1835 - 10 Oct 1866 Gaspard Lucien Victor Philippe de (b. 1797 - d. 1866)
Saint-André
24 Oct 1867 - 22 Mar 1880 Pierre Joseph Anatole Henri de     (b. 1833 - d. 1908)
FoixFabas, vicomte de Foix,
   comte de Fabas
1 Sep 1880 - 3 Jul 1882 Albert Tibulle Ladevèze
1 Feb 1882 - 26 Feb 1882 Alexandre Napoléon Mancini (b. 1832 - d. 19..)
(not installed)
3 Jul 1882 - 7 Jun 1886 Bonaventure Vigo       (b. 1836 - d. 1886)
(Buonaventure Vigo)
7 Jun 1886 - 31 Jan 1887 Jacques-Emmanuel Varenne           (b. 1843 - d. ....)
3 Feb 1887 - 5 Mar 1933 Charles Jean-Baptiste Marie Joseph (b. 1854 - d. 1933)
Romeu
12 Mar 1933 - 12 Aug 1937 Henri Aristide Clément Gabriel (b. 1871 - d. 1937)
Samalens
30 Nov 1937 - 2 Dec 1940 Jean-Baptiste Laumond (b. 1865 - d. 1957)
2 Dec 1940 - 14 Sep 1944 Jean Jules Émile Lasmartres    (b. 1880 - d. 1968)
14 Sep 1944 - 5 May 1945 Robert Barran (b. 1918 - d. 1978)
5 May 1945 - 23 Aug 1947 Georges Louis Alexandre Degrand    (b. 1875 - d. 1948)
23 Aug 1947 - 21 Jun 1952 André Joseph Appolinaire Marie (b. 1886 - d. 1966)
Bertrand
21 Jun 1952 - 20 Jun 1956 Guy Henri Victor Menant    (b. 1891 - d. 1967)
20 Jun 1956 - 20 Nov 1958 Yves François Léon Michel      (b. 1899 - d. 19..)
21 Nov 1958 - 27 Jul 1961 Jean Jules Bernard Henri Lafon     (b. 1903 - d. 1964)
de Lageneste
27 Jul 1961 - 12 Aug 1964 Casimir Louis Étienne Vaysset      (b. 1898 - d. 1982)
12 Aug 1964 - 24 Sep 1970 Roger Vincenot (b. 1912 - d. 2003)
24 Sep 1970 - 11 Dec 1972 Hubert André Marie Dubois (b. 1921 - d. 2009)
11 Dec 1972 - 21 Jun 1977 Claude François Rostain    (b. 1916 - d. 2015)
21 Jun 1977 - 29 Aug 1980 André Prunet-Foch    (b. 1914 - d. 2017)
29 Aug 1980 - 18 Feb 1982 René Lalouette     (b. 1918 - d. 1990)
18 Feb 1982 - 20 Nov 1984 Henri Benoît de Coignac    (b. 1935)
21 Nov 1984 - 6 Jul 1989 Louis Deblé    (b. 1923 - d. 2011)
7 Jul 1989 - 4 May 1993 Jean-Pierre Courtois (b. 1947)
Personal Representatives of the French Co-prince
4 May 1993 - 13 Sep 1993 Jean-Pierre Courtois (acting)      (s.a.)
13 Sep 1993 - 17 Feb 1997 Jean-Yves Caullet                  (b. 1957)
17 Feb 1997 - 25 May 1999 Pierre de Bousquet de Florian      (b. 1954)
25 May 1999 - 26 Jul 2002 Frédéric Marie Joseph de Laparre   (b. 1958)
de Saint-Sernin
26 Jul 2002 - 31 May 2007 Philippe Massoni                   (b. 1936 - d. 2015)
31 May 2007 - 24 Sep 2008 Emmanuelle Mignon (f) (b. 1968)
24 Sep 2008 - 21 May 2012 Christian Frémont    (b. 1942 - d. 2014)
21 May 2012 - 5 Jan 2015 Sylvie Hubac (f)                   (b. 1956)
5 Jan 2015 - 15 Jun 2016 Thierry Lataste                    (b. 1954)
15 Jun 2016 - 14 May 2017 Jean-Pierre Hugues (b. 1951)
14 May 2017 - 6 Dec 2024 Patrick Strzoda                    (b. 1952)
6 Dec 2024 -              Patrice Faure                      (b. 1967)

Syndics
c.1324                     Ramon Oliva Llorts
+ Guillem Ricard
c.1419 Andreu de Alas
c.1432 Arnau Dellas
9 May 1701 - 1702?        Joan Anton Torres (1st? time)
29 May 1713 - 1714?        Joan Anton Torres (2nd? time)
9 May 1717 - 1718?        Joan Anton Torres (3rd? time)
22 May 1719 - 1720?    Joseph Guillem Areny
11 May 1739 - 31 May 1740 Joan Anton Torres (4th? time)
+ Guillem d'Areny
31 May 1740 - bf.1750      Guillem Areny Teixido
   + Guillem d'Areny
c.1774 - c.1788    Guillem Areny Teixidor
c.1794       Ignasi Moles
c.1801 Josep Picart
c.1808 - c.1832    Guillem Areny
c.1836 - c.1841        Josep Picart
First Syndics
1841 - Jan 1847            Josep Picart
1847 - 1858                Bonaventura Riba (acting)
1858 - 1861                Guillem Gil i Areny
1861 - 1865                Francesc Duran i Maestre (1st time)
1865 - May 1866            Joaquim de Riba i Cassany
28 May 1866 - 31 Dec 1867 Guillem d'Areny de Plandolit,       (b. 1822 - d. 1876)
baró de Senaller i Gramenet
   (interim)
1 Jan 1868 - 31 Dec 1869 ....
1 Jan 1870 - 31 Dec 1875 Nicolau Duedra
1 Jan 1876 - 31 Dec 1877 Guillem Mora
1 Jan 1878 - 8 Dec 1880 Bonaventura Moles i Maestre    (b. 1852 - d. 1934)
8 Dec 1880 - 10 Mar 1881 Joan Pla Calvo (1st time)
10 Mar 1881 - 10 Jun 1881 Josep Palmitjavila (1st time)
(provisional)
20 Jun 1881 - 14 Jul 1881 Joan Pla Calvo (2nd time)
14 Jul 1881 - 31 Dec 1883 Francisc Duran i Maestre (2nd time)
1 Jan 1884 - 31 Dec 1885 Josep Palmitjavila (2nd time)
1 Jan 1886 - 16 Apr 1886 Francisc Duran i Maestre (3rd time)
16 Apr 1886 - 26 Mar 1888 Francisco Maestre i Balart
26 Mar 1888 - 31 Dec 1897 Anton Moles Palleres
- jointly with following -
20 Nov 1893 - 3 Jun 1899 Bonaventura Maestre i Moles        (b. 1851 - d. 1921)
(1st time)
3 Jun 1899 - 31 Dec 1901 Josep Calva (Calba) (b. 1854 - d. 19..)
1 Jan 1902 - 31 Dec 1905 Bonaventura Maestre i Moles (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1 Jan 1906 - 31 Dec 1911 Pere Moles
1 Jan 1912 - 17 May 1915 Bonaventura Maestre i Moles        (s.a.)
(3rd time)
17 May 1915 - 31 Dec 1917 Pere Font i Altamir (1st time)
1 Jan 1918 - 17 Aug 1920 Josep Vilanova i Cebrià
17 Aug 1920 - 20 Oct 1920 Josep Grepa (acting)
20 Oct 1920 - 31 Dec 1923 Bonaventura Villarubia
1 Jan 1924 - 31 Dec 1927 Pere Font i Altamir (2nd time)
1 Jan 1928 - 10 Jun 1933 Roc Pallarès i Rossell
(in Barcelona, Spain exile 10 Jun - 19 Aug 1933)
10 Jun 1933 - 18 Sep 1933 Vacant
18 Sep 1933 - 21 Jul 1936 Pere Torres i Riba
21 Jul 1936 - 1 Jan 1937 Francesc Molné i Rogé (acting)     (b. 1883 - d. 1980)
1 Jan 1937 - 31 Dec 1960 Francesc Cairat i Freixes          (b. 1880 - d. 1968)
31 Dec 1960 - 31 Dec 1966 Julià Reig Ribó (1st time)     (b. 1911 - d. 1996)
31 Dec 1966 - 29 Dec 1972 Francesc Escudé i Ferrero          (b. 1912? - d. 1996)
29 Dec 1972 - 30 Dec 1978 Julià Reig Ribó (2nd time)     (s.a.)
30 Dec 1978 - 4 Jan 1982 Estanislau Sangrà i Font           (b. 1927 - d. 2022) 1979: AND
4 Jan 1982 - 12 Jan 1990 Francesc Cerqueda i Pascuet        (b. 1942)    UL
12 Jan 1990 - 15 Feb 1991 Josep Maria Beal i Benedico        (b. 1942 - d. 2019) AND
15 Feb 1991 - 12 Apr 1992 Albert Gelabert Grau (b. 1948) AND
12 Apr 1992 - 4 May 1993 Jordi Farràs i Forné                              AND
General Syndics
4 May 1993 - 19 Jan 1994 Jordi Farràs i Forné                                    AND
19 Jan 1994 - 10 Mar 1997 Josep Enric Dallerès Codina    (b. 1949)            AND
   (1st time)
10 Mar 1997 - 17 May 2005 Francesc Areny i Casal             (b. 1959)            UL;2001 PLA
17 May 2005 - 19 May 2009 Joan Gabriel i Estany              (b. 1963)            PLA
19 May 2009 - 28 Apr 2011 Josep Enric Dallerès Codina    (s.a.)          PS
   (2nd time)
28 Apr 2011 - 2 May 2019 Vicenç Mateu Zamora                (b. 1961) DA
2 May 2019 - 26 Apr 2023 Roser Suñé Pascuet (f)             (b. 1960)    DA
26 Apr 2023 -              Carles Enseñat Reig                (b. 1985)            DA

Heads of the Government
8 Jan 1982 - 21 May 1984 Òscar Ribas Reig (1st time)        (b. 1936 - d. 2020) PNL
21 May 1984 - 12 Jan 1990 Josep Pintat-Solans                (b. 1925 - d. 2007) PC
12 Jan 1990 - 7 Dec 1994 Òscar Ribas Reig (2nd time)        (s.a.)               AND
7 Dec 1994 - 27 May 2005 Marc Forné Molné                   (b. 1946)            UL;2001 PLA
27 May 2005 - 5 Jun 2009 Albert Pintat Santolària           (b. 1943)            PLA
5 Jun 2009 - 28 Apr 2011 Jaume Bartumeu Cassany (b. 1954)            PS
28 Apr 2011 - 12 May 2011 Pere López Agràs (acting) (b. 1971)    PS
12 May 2011 - 23 Mar 2015 Antoni Martí Petit (1st time)      (b. 1963 - d. 2023) DA
23 Mar 2015 - 1 Apr 2015 Gilbert Saboya Sunyé (acting)      (b. 1966)    DA
1 Apr 2015 - 16 May 2019 Antoni Martí Petit (2nd time)      (s.a.) DA
16 May 2019 - 26 Apr 2023 Xavier Espot Zamora (1st time)    (b. 1979)            DA
26 Apr 2023 - 15 May 2023 Jordi Gallardo Fernàndez (acting) (b. 1976)    LA
15 May 2023 -    Xavier Espot Zamora (2nd time)     (s.a.)           DA

Commander of French Gendarmes
18 Aug 1933 - 9 Oct 1933 René-Jules Baulard (b. 1883 - d. 1953) Mil
French Extraordinary Commissioner
Jul 1936 - Nov 1940 René-Jules Baulard (s.a.) Mil

¹The full style of the co-princes:
- style of the Episcopal Co-prince -
(a) 2 Mar 1663 - 26 Jan 1812 (in Latin): Supremus Vallium Andorrae Princeps; (in Spanish): Príncipe Soberano de los Valles de Andorra; (in Catalan): Príncep Sobirà de les Valls d'Andorra ("Sovereign Prince of the Valleys of Andorra"). Dated by the first known instance of the use of princely style in an ordinance promulgated 2 Mar 1663; from 1663 to af.1894 normally used as part of the formula (Spanish): Por la gracia de Dios y de la Santa Sede Apostólica obispo de Urgel, Príncipe Soberano de los Valles de Andorra ("by the grace of God and of the Holy Apostolic See Bishop of Urgel, Sovereign Prince of the Valleys of Andorra");
(b) 1814 - 4 May 1993 (in Spanish): Príncipe Soberano de los Valles de Andorra; (in Catalan): Príncep Sobirà de les Valls d'Andorra; after 18 Oct 1894, the style was gradually replaced by Copríncep d'Andorra;
(c) from 4 May 1993 (Catalan): Copríncep d'Andorra ("Co-prince of Andorra");
- style of the French Co-prince -
(a) 8 Sep 1278 - 1792: The counts of Foix exercised their authority as co-seigneurs of Andorra under their regular titles (in Latin): Dei gratia comes Fuxensis/Fuxi ("by the grace of God, Count of Foix"). Following the incorporation of Navarra and Béarn under the Crown of France on 20 Oct 1620, the kings of France assumed the rights of the counts of Foix with regard to Andorra;
(b) 27 Mar 1806 - 26 Jan 1812, 1814 - 4 May 1993: imperial decree of 27 Mar 1806 restored the office of a representative of France in Andorra and an annual tribute without explicit mention of the status of co-ruler;
(c) from 4 May 1993 (in French): Copríncep d'Andorra ("Co-prince of Andorra"), normally as part of the formula President de la República Francesa, Copríncep d'Andorra ("President of the French Republic, Co-prince of Andorra").

Territorial Disputes: None identified.

Party abbreviations (parties were not recognized before 1993): DA = Demòcrates per Andorra (Democrats for Andorra, center-right, liberal conservative, pro-EU, est.22 Feb 2011); LA = Liberals d'Andorra/Liberales de Andorra (Liberals of Andorra, center-right, conservative liberal, pro-EU, former PLA, split from DA, est.2012); PS = Partit Socialdemòcrata (Social Democratic Party, social-democratic, center-left, pro-EU, est.Jun 2000); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: AND = Agrupament Nacional Democràtic/Agrupació Nacional Demòcrata (National Democratic Grouping, center-left, liberal, 1979-2000, split into PS and PD); PC = Partit Conservador (Conservative Party); PD = Partit Demòcrata (Democratic Party, centrist, christian democratic, 2000-2005, renamed Centre Demòcrata Andorrà [Andorran Democratic Centre] which merged into DA 22 Feb 2011); PLA = Partit Liberal d'Andorra (Liberal Party of Andorra, center-right, soft Eurosceptic, 2001-2012, merged into DA 2009-2019, renamed LA in 2012); PNL = Partit Nacional Liberal (National Liberal Party); UL = Uniò Liberal (Liberal Union, center-right, 1992-2001, renamed PLA)