Artificial Cranial Deformation in the Shanidar 1 and 5 Neandertals | Semantic Scholar

The history, purpose, and implications of ACD, used to distinguish an individual’s social identity, separating different groups of society into castes, classes, and slaves, are described.

An up-dated, interdisciplinary examination of the physiological implications and the cultural meanings of artificially produced head shapes in different times and culture areas within Mesoamerica leads to a discussion of the scope, caveats, and future directions involved in this kind of research in the region and beyond.

• Highly Influenced