Prolonged oral transmucosal delivery of highly lipophilic drug cannabidiol. | Semantic Scholar

The different influence over the absorption pathway illuminates the importance of understanding the absorption mechanism and its barriers to properly select appropriate strategies to achieve enhanced oral bioavailability.

The various ex vivo and in vitro models used to study the permeability of conveyed and non-conveyed drugs through the oral mucosa are described, with a focus on the most effective models.

Evidence is limited regarding whether changes in CBD PK profiles and tissue distribution equate to superior therapeutic efficacy across indications and whether specific CBD products might be suited to particular indications.

The CBD-NE represents a promising alternative formulation strategy for buccal CBD administration, overcoming the challenges associated with conventional formulations such as variable bioavailability and low control of administered doses.

The development of silica-based buccal drug delivery systems is a promising approach for the effective delivery of CBD and chitosan represents a promising polymer to combine both effects.

In this study, the mucosal permeation and deposition of cannabidiol with neat and binary vehicles were investigated and useful basic information is provided for the development of CBD formulations intended for transmucosal delivery.

Transfersomes showed significant promise that the transfersomes promoted rectal tissue permeation with superior stability and afforded tunable release kinetics of CBD as a botanical therapeutic with inherent poor bioavailability.

It was hypothesized that logD describes buccal permeation better than logP, the most widely used predictor for drug permeation, and the correlation of logP and logD with buCCal permeability was compared.

It is hypothesized that these cannabinoids are ingested and absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and would enable predicting the impact of different physiological parameters such as saliva flow and fed/fasting states on the pharmacokinetics of the delivered medication.

Large amounts of propranolol were recoverable from the buccal mucosa; recovery was biexponential and the amount recovered depended on the time allowed for absorption and on the pH of buffers used for recovery.

The transport of buspirone across porcine buccal mucosa in vitro was investigated to elucidate the mechanisms of transport and permeation enhancement and the use of an enhancer combination containing 5% oleic acid, 40% propylene glycol in buffer resulted in the greatest flux.

Investigation of the buccal mucosa for the systemic delivery of risperidone (RISP) and the impact of Azone® (AZ) on the transport of RISP via this route found it to result in therapeutically relevant plasma concentrations for the treatment of schizophrenia.

In vitro permeation of central nervous stimulants—caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine across human skin with the aid of six chemical enhancers found that oleic acid was the most potent enhancer for all three methylxanthines.

The donor compartment flow-through diffusion cell was found to be a useful tool to evaluate the impact of salivary washout on mucoadhesive oral mucosal delivery systems.