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Governor of New York

New York Governor

General information
Office Type:	Partisan
Office website:	Official Link
Compensation:	$250,000
2025 FY Budget:	$23,303,000
Term limits:	None
Structure
Length of term:	4 years
Authority:	New York Constitution, Article IV, Section I
Selection Method:	Elected
Current Officeholder
Governor of New York Kathy Hochul Democratic Party Assumed office: August 24, 2021
Elections
Next election:	November 3, 2026
Last election:	November 8, 2022
Other New York Executive Offices
Governor • Lieutenant Governor • Secretary of State • Attorney General • Comptroller • Commissioner of Education • Agriculture Commissioner • Financial Services Superintendent • Environmental Conservation Commissioner•Labor Commissioner • Public Service Commission • Insurance

The Governor of the State of New York is an elected constitutional officer, the head of the executive branch and the highest state office in New York. The governor is popularly elected every four years by a plurality and has no term limit.^[1]

New York has a Democratic trifecta. The Democratic Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature.

New York has a Democratic triplex. The Democratic Party controls the offices of governor, secretary of state, and attorney general.

See also: New York State Legislature, New York State Assembly, New York State Senate

Current officeholder

The 57th and current governor is Kathy Hochul (D). She assumed office on August 24, 2021, after former Governor Andrew Cuomo (D) resigned. To learn more about the series of events that led to Cuomo's resignation, click here.

The state Constitution addresses the office of the governor in Article IV, the Executive Department.

Under Article IV, Section I:

The executive power shall be vested in the governor...^[1]

Qualifications

State Executives

Current Governors
Gubernatorial Elections
2025 • 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 • 2014
Current Lt. Governors
Lt. Governor Elections
2025 • 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 • 2014

Candidates for the governor's office must be:

a citizen of the United States
at least 30 years old
a resident of New York for at least five years prior to the election^[1]

Vacancies

See also: How gubernatorial vacancies are filled

Details of vacancy appointments are addressed under Article IV, Sections 5 and 6.

If a governor-elect declines to accept the office, the lieutenant governor-elect shall take office as the governor and serve the term. If the governor-elect fails to qualify or is temporarily unable to take the oath, the lieutenant governor-elect serves as the acting governor until the elected governor's disability is removed.

The lieutenant governor also ascends to the office whenever there is a temporary or permanent vacancy during a governor's term.

In the event that the governor dies, resigns, or is removed, then the lieutenant governor becomes governor and serves the remainder of the term.

If the governor is absent, impeached, or unable to discharge the office, the lieutenant governor becomes acting governor until the disability is removed or until the term expires.

If both offices are vacant, a special election shall be held at the next general election, provided it is not less than three months from the date both offices became vacant. The office of the lieutenant governor may never be elected without a governor also being elected. If the office of the lieutenant governor alone is vacant, the Senate President Pro Tem serves as the temporary lieutenant governor.

In such an instance, the state Senate President Pro Tem shall serve as a temporary governor, followed by the state Speaker of the Assembly.

Duties

The governor charged with a number of responsibilities such as the preparation of the state's budget, execution and enforcement of the state of New York laws, and Commander-in-Chief of New York's military and naval forces.

Other duties and privileges of the office include:

Convening the Senate or the entire legislature for an extraordinary session (§ 3)

Giving periodic addresses to the legislature on the state of the state (§ 3)

Granting reprieves, pardons, and commutations for all offenses except treason and impeachment (§ 4)

Vetoing bills, including appropriations, subject to a super majority override of the legislature (§ 7)^[1]

Elections

New York state government organizational chart

New York elects governors in the midterm elections, that is, even years that are not presidential election years. For New York, 2018, 2022, 2026, 2030, and 2034 are all gubernatorial election years. Legally, the gubernatorial inauguration is always set for the first day in the January following an election.^[1]

2022

See also: New York gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2022

General election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Jumaane Williams (Working Families Party)
John Nistico (Constitutional Party)
Larry Sharpe (L)
Alex Zapesochny (Unite Party)

Democratic primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Lee Zeldin advanced from the Conservative Party primary for Governor of New York.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Jumaane Williams advanced from the Working Families Party primary for Governor of New York.

2018

See also: New York gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2018

General election

Democratic primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Greg Waltman (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Marcus Molinaro advanced from the Republican primary for Governor of New York.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

John DeFrancisco (R)
Pankaj Shah (R)

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Marcus Molinaro advanced from the Conservative Party primary for Governor of New York.

Green primary election

The Green primary election was canceled. Howie Hawkins advanced from the Green primary for Governor of New York.

Reform Party primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Joel Giambra (Reform Party)

2014

See also: New York gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2014

Governor and Lieutenant Governor of New York, 2014
Party	Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Andrew Cuomo/Kathy Hochul Incumbent	54.3%	2,069,480
	Republican	Rob Astorino/Chris Moss	40.3%	1,536,879
	Green	Howie Hawkins/Brian Jones	4.8%	184,419
	Libertarian	Michael McDermott/Chris Edes	0.4%	16,967
	Sapient	Steven Cohn/Bobby K. Kalotee	0.1%	4,963
Total Votes	3,812,708
Election results via New York State Board of Elections

2010

On November 2, 2010, Andrew Cuomo/Robert Duffy won election to the office of New York Governor/Lt. Governor. They defeated Carl Paladino/Gregory Edwards, Howie Hawkins/Gloria Mattera, Jimmy McMillan, Warren Redlich/Alden Link, Kristin Davis/Tanya Gendelman, and Charles Barron/Eva Doyle in the general election.

New York Governor/Lt. Governor, 2010
Party	Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Andrew Cuomo/Robert Duffy	61%	2,910,876
	Republican	Carl Paladino/Gregory Edwards	32.5%	1,547,857
	Green	Howie Hawkins/Gloria Mattera	1.3%	59,906
	Rent is 2 Damn High	Jimmy McMillan/No candidate	0.9%	41,129
	Libertarian	Warren Redlich/Alden Link	1%	48,359
	Anti-Prohibition	Kristin Davis/Tanya Gendelman	0.4%	20,421
	Freedom	Charles Barron/Eva Doyle	0.5%	24,571
	Blank	-	2.3%	107,823
	Void	-	0.1%	3,963
	Scattering	-	0.1%	4,836
Total Votes	4,769,741
Election results via New York State Board of Elections.

2006

On November 7, 2006, Eliot Spitzer/David Paterson won election to the office of New York Governor/Lt. Governor. They defeated Faso/Vanderhoef, McCourt/Duncan, Clifton/Silberger, McMillan, and DeLuca/O'Shaughnessy in the general election.

New York Governor/Lt. Governor, 2006
Party	Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Eliot Spitzer/David Paterson	65.7%	3,086,709
	Republican	Faso/Vanderhoef	27.1%	1,274,335
	Green	McCourt/Duncan	0.9%	42,166
	Libertarian	Clifton/Silberger	0.3%	14,736
	Rent Is Too High	McMillan/NA	0.3%	13,355
	Socialist Workers	DeLuca/O'Shaughnessy	0.1%	5,919
	Blank/Void/Scattering	-	5.5%	260,647
Total Votes	4,697,867
Election results via New York State Board of Elections.

2002

On November 5, 2002, George Pataki/Mary Donohue won re-election to the office of New York Governor/Lt. Governor. They defeated McCall/Mehiel, Golisano/Donohue, Cuomo/King, Cronin/Vogel, Aronowitz/Daniels, Leighton/Hillgardner, and Jeffrey/Greco in the general election.

New York Governor/Lt. Governor, 2002
Party	Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	George Pataki/Mary Donohue Incumbent	48.2%	2,262,255
	Democratic	McCall/Mehiel	32.7%	1,534,064
	Independence	Golisano/Donohue	13.9%	654,016
	Liberal	Cuomo/King	0.3%	15,761
	Right To Life	Cronin/Vogel	0.9%	44,195
	Green	Aronowitz/Daniels	0.9%	41,797
	Marijuana Reform	Leighton/Hillgardner	0.5%	21,977
	Libertarian	Jeffrey/Greco	0.1%	5,013
	Blank/Void/Scattering	-	2.4%	111,890
Total Votes	4,690,968
Election results via New York State Board of Elections.

Term limits

See also: States with gubernatorial term limits

New York governors do not face any term limits.^[1]

Partisan composition

The chart below shows the partisan breakdown of New York governors from 1992 to 2013.

Divisions

Note: Ballotpedia's state executive officials project researches state official websites for information that describes the divisions (if any exist) of a state executive office. That information for the Governor of New York has not yet been added. After extensive research we were unable to identify any relevant information on state official websites. If you have any additional information about this office for inclusion on this section and/or page, please email us.

State budget

Role in state budget

See also: New York state budget and finances

New York operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:^[2]

Budget instructions are sent to state agencies between August and September.
State agencies submit budget requests in October and November.
Agency hearings are held between October and November.
The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the New York State Legislature in mid-January. The deadline is February 1 in years following a gubernatorial election.
The legislature adopts a budget in March. A simple majority is needed to pass a budget.
The fiscal year begins in April.

New York is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.^[2]^[3]

The governor is constitutionally required to submit a balanced budget. In turn, the legislature is required by statute to pass a balanced budget.^[2]

Governor's office budget

The budget for the executive chamber for the 2025 fiscal year is $23,303,000.^[4]

Compensation

See also: Comparison of gubernatorial salaries and Compensation of state executive officers

Under Article IV, Section 3 of the New York Constitution the governor's salary is legally fixed by a joint resolution of the Senate and Assembly.

2023

In 2023, the officer's salary was $250,000, according to the Council of State Governments.^[5]

2022

In 2022, the officer's salary was $250,000, according to the Council of State Governments.^[6]

2021

In 2021, the governor received a salary of $225,000, according to the Council of State Governments.^[7]

2020

In 2020, the governor received a salary of $225,000, according to the Council of State Governments.^[8]

2019

In 2019, the governor received a salary of $200,000, according to the Council of State Governments.^[9]

2018

In 2018, the governor received a salary of $179,000, according to the Council of State Governments.^[10]

2017

In 2017, the governor received a salary of $179,000, according to the Council of State Governments. Gov. Cuomo voluntarily reduced his salary by 5 percent.^[11]^[12]

2016

In 2016, the governor received a salary of $179,000, according to the Council of State Governments. Gov. Cuomo voluntarily reduced his salary by 5 percent.^[11]^[13]

2015

In 2015, the governor received a salary of $179,000, according to the Council of State Governments. Gov. Cuomo voluntarily reduced his salary by 5 percent.^[11]^[14]

2014

In 2014, the governor's salary was an estimated $179,000 according to the Council of State Governments. Gov. Cuomo voluntarily reduced his salary by 5 percent.^[11]^[15] Gov. Cuomo (D) voluntarily reduced his salary by 5 percent.^[11]

2013

In 2013, the governor's salary remained at $179,000. Gov. Cuomo voluntarily reduced his salary by 5 percent.^[11]

History

Partisan balance 1992-2013

See also: Ballotpedia:Who Runs the States and Ballotpedia:Who Runs the States, New York

Partisan breakdown of the New York governorship from 1992-2013

From 1992-2013, in New York there were Democratic governors in office for 10 years, including the last seven, while there were Republican governors in office for 12 years.

Across the country, there were 493 years of Democratic governors (44.82%) and 586 years of Republican governors (53.27%) from 1992 to 2013.

Over the course of the 22-year study, state governments became increasingly more partisan. At the outset of the study period (1992), 18 of the 49 states with partisan legislatures had single-party trifectas and 31 states had divided governments. In 2013, only 13 states had divided governments, while single-party trifectas held sway in 36 states, the most in the 22 years studied.

The chart below shows the partisan composition of the Office of the Governor of New York, the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly from 1992 to 2013.

SQLI and partisanship

The chart below depicts the partisanship of the New York state government and the state's SQLI ranking for the years studied. For the SQLI, the states were ranked from 1-50, with 1 being the best and 50 the worst. New York experienced a Democratic trifecta from 2009-2010. During half the years of the study, New York was ranked in the bottom-10. Its lowest ranking, finishing 43rd, occurred from 2005-2006, during a divided government. Its best ranking also occurred during a divided government, finishing 32nd in 2011.

Chart displaying the partisanship of the New York government from 1992-2013 and the State Quality of Life Index (SQLI).

Historical officeholders

There have been 56 Governors of New York since 1777. Of the 56 officeholders, 18 were Republican, 23 were Democrat, five were Democratic-Republican, five were Jeffersonian-Republican, three were Whigs, one was Federalist, and one was Union.^[16]

List of officeholders from 1777-present
#	Name	Tenure	Party
1	George Clinton	1777 - 1795	Democratic-Republican
2	John Jay	1795 - 1801	Federalist
1	George Clinton	1801 - 1804	Democratic-Republican
3	Morgan Lewis	1804 - 1807	Democratic-Republican
4	Daniel D. Tompkins	1807 - 1817	Jeffersonian-Republican
5	John Tayler	1817 - 1817	Democratic-Republican
6	Dewitt Clinton	1817 - 1823	Democratic-Republican
7	Joseph Christopher Yates	1823 - 1825	Jeffersonian Republican
6	Dewitt Clinton	1825 - 1828	Democratic-Republican
8	Nathaniel Pitcher	1828 - 1829	Democratic-Republican
9	Martin Van Buren	1829	Jeffersonian-Republican
10	Enos Thompson Throop	1829 - 1833	Jeffersonian-Republican
11	William Learned Marcy	1833 - 1839	Jeffersonian Republican
12	William Henry Seward	1839 - 1843	Whig
13	William C. Bouck	1843 - 1845	Democratic
14	Silas Wright	1845 - 1847	Democratic
15	John Young	1847 - 1849	Whig
16	Hamilton Fish	1849 - 1851	Whig
17	Washington Hunt	1851 - 1853	Democratic
18	Horatio Seymour	1853 - 1855	Democratic
19	Myron Holley Clark	1855 - 1857	Republican
20	John Alsop King	1857 - 1859	Republican
21	Edwin Denison Morgan	1859 - 1863	Republican
18	Horatio Seymour	1863 - 1865	Democratic
22	Reuben Eaton Fenton	1865 - 1869	Union
23	John Thompson Hoffman	1869 - 1873	Democratic
24	John Adams Dix	1872 - 1874	Republican
25	Samuel Jones Tilden	1875 - 1877	Democratic
26	Lucius Robinson	1877 - 1880	Democratic
27	Alonzo Barton Cornell	1880 - 1883	Republican
28	Steven Grover Cleveland	1883 - 1885	Democratic
29	David Bennett Hill	1885 - 1892	Democratic
30	Roswell Pettibone Flower	1892 - 1895	Democratic
31	Levi P. Morton	1895 - 1897	Republican
32	Frank Swett Black	1897 - 1899	Republican
33	Theodore Roosevelt	1899 - 1901	Republican
34	Benjamin Baker Odell	1901 - 1905	Republican
35	Francis Wayland Higgins	1905 - 1907	Republican
36	Charles Evans Hughes	1907 - 1910	Republican
37	Horace White	1910 - 1911	Republican
38	John Alden Dix	1910 - 1912	Democratic
39	William Sulzer	1913 - 1913	Democratic
40	Martin Henry Glynn	1913 - 1915	Democratic
41	Charles Seymour Whitman	1915 - 1919	Republican
42	Alfred Emanuel Smith	1919 - 1921	Democratic
43	Nathan Lewis Miller	1921 - 1923	Republican
42	Alfred Emanuel Smith	1923 - 1929	Democratic
44	Franklin Delano Roosevelt	1929 - 1933	Democratic
45	Herbert Henry Lehman	1933 - 1942	Democratic
46	Charles Poletti	1942 - 1943	Democratic
47	Thomas Edmund Dewey	1943 - 1955	Republican
48	William Averell Harriman	1955 - 1959	Democratic
49	Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller	1959 - 1973	Republican
50	Malcolm Wilson	1973 - 1975	Republican
51	Hugh Leo Carey	1974 - 1982	Democratic
52	Mario Matthew Cuomo	1983 - 1995	Democratic
53	George Pataki	1995 - 2007	Republican
54	Eliot Spitzer	2007 - 2008	Democratic
55	David Paterson	2008 - 2011	Democratic
56	Andrew Cuomo	2011 - present	Democratic

State profile

Demographic data for New York
	New York	U.S.
Total population:	19,747,183	316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):	47,126	3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:	64.6%	73.6%
Black/African American:	15.6%	12.6%
Asian:	8%	5.1%
Native American:	0.4%	0.8%
Pacific Islander:	0%	0.2%
Two or more:	2.9%	3%
Hispanic/Latino:	18.4%	17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:	85.6%	86.7%
College graduation rate:	34.2%	29.8%
Income
Median household income:	$59,269	$53,889
Persons below poverty level:	18.5%	11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015) Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in New York. **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

Presidential voting pattern

See also: Presidential voting trends in New York

New York voted for the Democratic candidate in all seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.

Pivot Counties (2016)

Ballotpedia identified 206 counties that voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016 after voting for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012. Collectively, Trump won these Pivot Counties by more than 580,000 votes. Of these 206 counties, 18 are located in New York, accounting for 8.74 percent of the total pivot counties.^[17]

Pivot Counties (2020)

In 2020, Ballotpedia re-examined the 206 Pivot Counties to view their voting patterns following that year's presidential election. Ballotpedia defined those won by Trump won as Retained Pivot Counties and those won by Joe Biden (D) as Boomerang Pivot Counties. Nationwide, there were 181 Retained Pivot Counties and 25 Boomerang Pivot Counties. New York had 14 Retained Pivot Counties and four Boomerang Pivot Counties, accounting for 7.73 and 16.00 percent of all Retained and Boomerang Pivot Counties, respectively.

More New York coverage on Ballotpedia

Contact information

Kathy Hochul
Governor of New York State
NYS State Capitol Building
Albany, NY 12224
Phone: 1-518-474-8390

External links

Footnotes

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