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United States Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018

  • ️Wed Apr 18 2018

2020

2014

U.S. Senate, Mississippi special

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General election
Election details
Filing deadline: April 24, 2018
General: November 6, 2018
General runoff: November 27, 2018

Pre-election incumbent:
Cindy Hyde-Smith
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.
Voting in Mississippi
Ballotpedia analysis
U.S. Senate battlegrounds
U.S. House battlegrounds
Federal and state primary competitiveness
Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2018
See also
U.S. Senate (regular)U.S. Senate (special)1st2nd3rd4th
Mississippi elections, 2018
U.S. Congress elections, 2018
U.S. Senate elections, 2018
U.S. House elections, 2018

Click here for coverage of the November 27, 2018, special election runoff for U.S. Senate in Mississipi.

There were two elections for the U.S. Senate in Mississippi in 2018. The first was the regularly scheduled election on November 6, 2018, to fill the state's Class I seat held by Sen. Roger Wicker (R-Miss.). The Democratic and Republican primaries for that election were June 5, 2018. The second, a nonpartisan special election on November 6, 2018, filled the Class II seat left vacant by Sen. Thad Cochran (R-Miss.). A runoff in this election was held on November 27, 2018. The winner of the special election served the remainder of Cochran's term until January 3, 2021.

Sen. Cindy Hyde-Smith (R) defeated former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Mike Espy (D) in the runoff for the November 6, 2018, special election for U.S. Senate in Mississippi. They advanced to the runoff after neither received more than 50 percent of the vote in the general election. Tobey Bartee (D) and state Sen. Chris McDaniel (R) also ran. Hyde-Smith completed former Sen. Thad Cochran's (R) term, which ended in 2021.

The special election was nonpartisan, with all four candidates running on one ballot without their partisan affiliation listed.[1]

The special election coincided with Mississippi's regularly scheduled general election on November 6, 2018.

Thirty-five of the 100 seats in the United States Senate were up for election in 2018, including two seats up for special election. Republicans gained four previously Democratic-held seats and Democrats gained two previously Republican-held seats, resulting in a net gain of two seats for the Republican Party and a 53-seat majority in the chamber. This race was identified as a 2018 battleground that might have affected partisan control of the chamber in the 116th Congress. At the time of the election, Republicans held a 51-seat Senate majority. Democrats held 47 seats, and the two independents caucused with them. Democrats faced greater partisan risk in 2018, as they were defending 26 seats while Republicans were only defending nine. Democrats had to defend seats in 10 states Donald Trump (R) won. The GOP defended one Senate seat in a state Hillary Clinton (D) won.

Candidates and election results

General runoff election

General election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Candidate profiles

See also: Editorial approach to writing about key campaign messages

Tobey Bartee, intelligence analyst

Party: Democratic

Incumbent: No

Political office: None

Biography: Bartee graduated from the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis before serving as an intelligence officer in the U.S. Navy. He also worked as a management consultant for the Bureau for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs and an intelligence analyst for U.S. Customs and Border Protection. He received a master's in public policy from Vanderbilt University.[2]

Key messages

  • Bartee said he was running "a campaign of ideas." He pledged to be trustworthy, thoughtful, and transparent.[3][4]
  • Bartee said his primary focus was the long-term health and competitiveness of Mississippi. He said two questions would guide his decisionmaking process: Have the needs and concerns of Mississippian been addressed? Is it in the best interest of the country?[5]

Mike Espy, attorney and former U.S. secretary of agriculture

Party: Democratic

Incumbent: No

Political office: U.S. Secretary of Agriculture (1993-1994); U.S. Congress, Mississippi's 2nd (1987-1993)

Biography: Espy earned his B.A. from Howard University and J.D. from Santa Clara University Law School. He worked as assistant secretary of state and assistant state attorney general before being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. After serving in Congress and in the Clinton administration, Espy worked in private practice as an attorney.[6]

Key messages

  • Espy said that although he was a Democrat, he was also an independent thinker committed to improving Mississippi. He pointed to his reduction of the USDA staff by 7,500 employees through incentive packages as an example of a conservative action he took.[7]
  • Espy said he had more experience than his opponents at the federal level and that he could offer mature leadership.[7][8]

Cindy Hyde-Smith, U.S. senator

Party: Republican

Incumbent: Yes

Political office: U.S. Senate, Mississippi (assumed office: 2018); Mississippi Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce (2012-2018); Mississippi State Senate (2000-2012)

Biography: Hyde-Smith earned her B.A. from the University of Southern Mississippi. She worked as a cattle farmer and partner of the Lincoln County Livestock, the local stockyard auction market. She served in the state legislature and state government before being appointed to the U.S. Senate by Gov. Phil Bryant (R).[9][10]

Key messages

  • Hyde-Smith presented herself as a lifelong conservative and emphasized her endorsement from President Donald Trump (R).[11][12]
  • Hyde-Smith listed anti-abortion policies, stopping illegal immigration, and supporting gun ownership rights as top priorities on campaign website.[13]

Chris McDaniel, state senator

Party: Republican

Incumbent: No

Political office: Mississippi State Senate (assumed office: 2008)

Biography: McDaniel earned his bachelor's degree from William Carey College and J.D. from the University of Mississippi. He entered private practice, becoming a partner of Hortman, Harlow, Bassi, Robinson & McDaniel. He also worked as a syndicated conservative radio host and was elected to the state legislature.[14][15]

Key messages

  • McDaniel offered a contract to voters to hold him to conservative principles of individual liberty and limited government, including the Penny Plan—a budget proposal to reduce federal spending by one penny on each dollar annually until the budget is balanced without touching Social Security.[16]
  • McDaniel characterized Hyde-Smith as a lifelong Democrat, referencing her prior Democratic affiliation until she switched parties in 2010.[17][18]

Polls

See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
U.S. Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018
Poll Poll sponsor Republican Party Hyde-Smith Democratic Party EspyRepublican Party McDanielDemocratic Party BarteeUndecided/OtherMargin of errorSample size
NBC News/Marist
October 13-18, 2018
N/A 38%29%15%2%15%+/-6.1511
Y'all Politics
July 30-31, 2018
N/A 41%27%15%1%16%+/-3.52,100
AVERAGES 39.5% 28% 15% 1.5% 15.5% +/-4.8 1,305.5
Note: The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.
Click [show] to see older poll results 
U.S. Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018
Poll Espy (D) Hyde-Smith (R)McDaniel (R)Other/UndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
Chism Strategies
March 2018
34%27%21%18%+/-N/A603
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org
U.S. Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018
Poll Hyde-Smith (R) Espy (D)McDaniel (R)Shelton (D)Undecided/OtherMargin of ErrorSample Size
GS Strategy Group
May 1-3, 2018
30%22%17%4%27%+/-4.0625
Y'all Politics
April 10-11, 2018
33%33%13%6%15%+/-3.01,000
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org
U.S. Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018, Runoff: Espy (D) vs. Hyde-Smith (R)
Poll Espy (D) Hyde-Smith (R)Other/UndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
Y'all Politics
July 30-31, 2018
34%49%18%+/-3.52,100
Mason-Dixon Polling
April 12-14, 2018
34%46%20%+/-4.0625
Y'all Politics
April 10-11, 2018
36%42%22%+/-3.01,000
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org
U.S. Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018, Runoff: Espy (D) vs. McDaniel (R)
Poll Espy (D) McDaniel (R)Other/UndecidedMargin of ErrorSample Size
Y'all Politics
July 30-31, 2018
41%26%33%+/-3.52,100
Mason-Dixon Polling
April 12-14, 2018
42%40%18%+/-4.0625
Y'all Politics
April 10-11, 2018
43%24%33%+/-3.01,000
Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org

PredictIt Prices

This section provides the PredictIt market prices for this race during the three months leading up to the election. PredictIt is a site where people make and trade predictions on political and financial events. Market prices reflect the probability, based on PredictIt users' predictions, that a candidate will win a race. For example, a market price of $0.60 for Candidate A is equivalent to a 60 percent probability that Candidate A will win.

Campaign finance

The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.

Name Party Receipts* Disbursements** Cash on hand Date
Cindy Hyde-Smith Republican Party $5,545,933 $5,492,019 $53,914 As of December 31, 2018
Mike Espy Democratic Party $7,488,522 $7,194,351 $294,171 As of December 31, 2018
Chris McDaniel Republican Party $668,706 $669,021 $7,866 As of December 31, 2018
Tobey Bartee Nonpartisan $5,269 $19,069 $-10,193 As of December 31, 2018

Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2018. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).

* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee."
** According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election.

Satellite spending

Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[19][20][21]

This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.

  • Illinois billionaire Richard Uihlein and New York investor Robert Mercer contributed $1.25 million to Remember Mississippi, a super PAC backing McDaniel's campaign, in 2017. While $265,000 was spent on video production and ads, consultants received $792,000, according to an August 2018 Associated Press article. PAC head Tommy Barnett said those payments helped establish “a strong regional volunteer presence across Mississippi that has been putting up signs, passing out bumper stickers, and attending events engaging directly with voters."[24]
    • In October 2018, Mercer contributed an additional $500,000 to Remember Mississippi.[25]

Race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

  • Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
  • Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
  • Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[26]
  • Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[27][28][29]

Race ratings: United States Senate special election in Mississippi, 2018
Race trackerRace ratings
October 30, 2018October 23, 2018October 16, 2018October 9, 2018
The Cook Political ReportLean RepublicanLean RepublicanLean RepublicanLikely Republican
Inside Elections with Nathan L. GonzalesSolid RepublicanSolid RepublicanSolid RepublicanSolid Republican
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal BallLikely RepublicanLikely RepublicanLikely RepublicanLikely Republican
Note: Ballotpedia updates external race ratings every two weeks throughout the election season.

Campaign advertisements

Republican Party Cindy Hyde-Smith

Support

"President Trump" - Hyde-Smith ad, released October 9, 2018

"Endorsement" - Hyde-Smith ad, released August 28, 2018

"Integrity" - Hyde-Smith ad, released August 23, 2018

"Conservative" - Hyde-Smith ad, released August 22, 2018

"Solution" - Hyde-Smith ad, released July 11, 2018

"Brett Favre Supports Cindy Hyde-Smith for Mississippi Senate" - U.S. Chamber Action ad, released June 25, 2018

"Effective Conservative" - U.S. Chamber Action ad, released April 12, 2018

Republican Party Chris McDaniel

Support

"Fighter" - Friends of Chris McDaniel ad, released February 28, 2018

Oppose

"Chris McDaniel Thinks President Trump is Weak" - Hyde-Smith opposition ad, released September 13, 2018

"Not a U.S. Senator" - Hyde-Smith opposition ad, released July 3, 2018

Democratic Party Mike Espy

Support

"Dead Last" - Espy campaign ad, released October 23, 2018

"Image" - Espy campaign ad, released October 23, 2018

Noteworthy events

Brett Kavanaugh confirmation vote

See also: Supreme Court vacancy, 2018: An overview

On October 6, 2018, the U.S. Senate voted to confirm the nomination of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to the U.S. Supreme Court. Fifty senators voted to confirm Kavanaugh's nomination, 48 voted against, and Sen. Lisa Murkowski (R-AK) voted present. A simple majority was required to confirm Kavanaugh.[30]

Hyde-Smith voted for Kavanaugh's confirmation. She said in a statement, "Brett Kavanaugh earned my vote with his impeccable qualifications and his steadfastness throughout a confirmation process tainted by sordid accusations and crass partisan treachery. Judge Kavanaugh never wavered from his vow not to buckle under political or public pressure, which is a characteristic we need in a Supreme Court justice. I believe Judge Kavanaugh will be a justice whose adherence to the Constitution and the rule of law will be a credit to the Court and all Americans."[31]

After Kavanaugh was confirmed, McDaniel tweeted, "Here’s to Supreme Court Justice Kavanaugh! I’m thankful for President Trump’s pick."[32]

Espy said he would have voted against Kavanaugh's confirmation. "I believe Brett Kavanaugh lacks the judicial temperament to be on our nation’s highest Court. His testimony showed he’s quick to anger and holds deeply rooted partisan beliefs. All of us—Republicans, Democrats, Independents—should be concerned about that," Espy said in a statement.[33]

Campaign themes

These were the policy positions listed on the candidates' websites, if available.

Democratic Party Mike Espy

Mississippi for All

Mississippi needs to be a Land of Opportunity for ALL of its citizens.

Mike is totally committed to ALL Mississippians having access to their rights of citizenship, due process, full equality, and specifically civil rights, regardless of age, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or disability. Mike believes that ALL Mississippians should have the support of their government to protect against any efforts that prevent our citizens from pursuing their life’s ambitions.

Mike Espy promises to be an independent senator for ALL of Mississippi, putting people over party. He will work with anyone – whether they are against him or for him – if it will benefit Mississippi and its citizens.

Jobs and Economy

Mike Espy is committed to the joint goal of creating well-paying, quality jobs and to an economy that works for ALL Mississippians.

World-class manufacturers who have invested in Mississippi know the value of our workforce. To attract additional outside investments and to build a home-grown entrepreneurial economy, we need to strengthen our workforce training.

Mississippi needs to have a modern, reliable infrastructure that will allow for Mississippi companies to have reliable transportation and technology that is competitive, such as statewide broadband.

And in order for Mississippi’s workers to support their families, Mike Espy is strongly for an increase in the supply of child care services, paid family leave, an increased minimum wage, and an expanded Earned Income Tax Credit.

Agriculture and Our Rural Areas

Mike Espy grew up in a small, rural, Mississippi town, and he highly values the rural way of life. In addition, as a Member of Congress representing a rural district and as the nation’s Secretary of Agriculture, he has used his knowledge and experience to improve our agricultural economy.

In Mississippi, agriculture is the largest part of our economy. In addition to row crops, Mississippi has strong production in poultry/eggs, pork, cattle, catfish, and forestry.

Because so much of Mississippi’s agricultural produce is exported, Mike Espy sees punitive tariffs as being harmful to our farmers, to our state’s economy, and to future trade. (It also is potentially harmful to our state’s growing automobile industry.)

Our Constitution specifically gives responsibility for tariffs to the Congress. Mike Espy believes that that the current, unchecked misuse of tariff policy needs to return to how the Founding Fathers intended.

Washington Accountability

Mississippi’s citizens face enough challenges without having the deck stacked against them.

Mississippi needs a government that will put people over politics and fairness over self-interest, Citizen’s tax dollars should be spent on needed services and programs, not on personal trips or fancy furniture. Laws against waste, fraud, and corruption are to protect the American citizenry and should be dutifully applied and enforced.

Washington’s incredible wastefulness of tax dollars is abhorrent to any sense of fairness or rational thinking. In addition, by using their Washington influence, Wall Street seems immune from any restraint or accountability for its actions, even when they unfairly treat millions of hard-working citizens.

Tax cuts were given to corporations to drive the economy with increased jobs and salaries, and yet Mississippi has seen virtually none of these intended benefits. These tax cuts improved corporations’ bottom line, but there has not been the trickle down that was promised.

Education

Mike Espy believes that all of Mississippi’s children deserve access to a quality education that will allow them to reach their full potential. Education is the surest path to individual success and the collective success of our state and country.

Mike Espy will work to implement specific actions that are needed by Mississippians and their communities to improve our current education offerings. Senators from rural states can work together to increase the number of quality teachers, such as loan forgiveness which has been successful in attracting doctors to rural areas.

Increased professional development is essential to improving the quality of our teacher workforce. And if education is the key to Mississippi’s success, college and post-secondary education should be made more affordable by increasing interest subsidies on student loans and by stopping predatory for-profit schools from exploiting our adult learners.

Health Care

Mike Espy and the people of Mississippi agree that our current healthcare system needs to be repaired and improved. He believes that Mississippians need access to affordable health care and that fixing health care for the American people will require a bipartisan solution. He wants to lower the cost of prescription drugs and rein in out-of-control insurance premiums, high deductibles, and caps on individual health costs.

Mike Espy will protect and defend the parts of our health system that currently are under attack, such as for people with pre-existing conditions. He believes strongly in increasing access for Mississippians to treatment programs to fight the current epidemic of opioid and substance abuse. He believes that Mississippians should have full access to the services and programs that are available to many other Americans through expanded funding of Medicaid and CHIP.

Espy will fight for women’s rights so that women’s reproductive health is free from gender discrimination, targeting especially the availability of sufficient health insurance coverage and medical services. Women should have the basic right to make their own decisions about their personal health.

Expanded health services can be an economic engine to provide a “double benefit” for Mississippians both by improving our health and by providing needed jobs to be paid by already- existing insurance and government-funded streams.

Immigration

Mike Espy believes in a secure border and enforced immigration laws that are fairly applied to all. He does not support building “The Wall” because the cost is not justified compared to other more cost-effective methods of immigration control.

Mike believes that the separation of children from their parents is abhorrent to our sense of American decency. The contorted administrative justification of this action should not be tolerated if we are to have a country where laws are applied equally and fairly for all.

Veterans and Seniors

Mike Espy will protect and improve the services for those who have served us so faithfully, our veterans and our seniors. Our veterans and our seniors are entitled to health services, income subsidy, and need-based support at a time in their lives when they need us to repay our debt to them. They often suffer from the lack availability of services, long wait-times, poor quality of those services, and the mismanagement of the bureaucracy that is supposed to serve them.

Mississippi has over 190,000 veterans, 80,000 of whom are over the age of 65. In addition, there are another 382,000 Mississippians over the age of 65 who do not have access to veterans’ services. BOTH deserve our grateful support.

Mike Espy will fight the current efforts in Washington to cut back on the benefits and programs to which our veterans and seniors are currently entitled, and he will work across the aisle to increase their availability and effectiveness. He will hold accountable the VA hospitals and services in Mississippi to be responsive to and effective caregivers of our treasured veterans.

National Security and the Military

Mississippi is proud to do more than its part to support our nation’s defense.

Mississippi is the home of installations of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. In addition, NASA’s Stennis Space Center and Ingalls Shipbuilding are key to building the safety of our country for years to come. Active duty soldiers in all five of the military branches (including the Marines and Coast Guard) live in Mississippi, and our state has one of the largest Army Reserves in the country.

Mike Espy will fight for Mississippi to maintain these military assets that are essential for our state’s economy and for the future of our nation’s armed forces.[34]

—Espy for Senate[35]

Republican Party Cindy Hyde-Smith

SUPPORTING OUR 2ND AMENDMENT RIGHTS

As the owner of an enhanced-carry permit, Cindy lives the right to keep and bear arms in her everyday life. She and her family own firearms, enjoy hunting, and cherish the great outdoors. She will always stand up for our 2nd Amendment Constitutional rights.

BALANCING THE BUDGET

In 1995, Congress failed to pass a balanced budget requirement by just one vote—the national debt was $4.9 trillion. Today the debt is more than $21 trillion, and it’s time to get serious. Growing up in rural Mississippi, Cindy was taught you don’t spend money you don’t have. As your U.S. Senator, nobody will work harder to pass a Balanced Budget Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Mississippi families and small businesses must balance their budgets each month. It’s time for Washington to be held to the same standard!

DEFENDING LIFE AND PROTECTING THE UNBORN

Cindy believes all children, including the unborn, are guaranteed the right to life by our Creator. She respects the sanctity of life and opposes taxpayer funding of abortions. As Senator, Cindy will fight for and vote to confirm pro-life judges who will interpret the law as written, and not legislate from the bench.

STOPPING ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION

Cindy believes America has the right to secure its borders and control who enters our country. She believes illegal immigration must come to an end and supports President Trump’s plans to build a wall on America’s southwestern border and to increase funding to enforce U.S. immigration laws. Immigrants who wish to live and work here must enter our great country the same way others have in previous generations—by following the law.

SUPPORTING THE MILITARY AND VETERANS

Cindy has an abiding respect and appreciation for America’s military, their families and our veterans. She will support policies that help strengthen our military to support our men and women in the Armed Forces so they have the best training and tools available to keep America safe. She also understands the sacrifices made by those who have fought to defend our nation. As such, she will work to ensure veterans and their families receive the benefits promised to them by a grateful nation. Recently, Cindy voted for the largest military pay increase in nearly a decade.

AGRICULTURE

As a cattle farmer, former Chairman of the Senate Agriculture Committee in the Mississippi legislature, and two-term Mississippi Commissioner of Agriculture and Commerce, Cindy knows the agriculture industry inside and out. As Agriculture Commissioner, she worked to open new markets for Mississippi’s diverse agricultural products. Agriculture is the number one economic sector in Mississippi, and nobody will be a stronger or more knowledgeable advocate in the U.S. Senate for the interests of Mississippi’s farmers and ranchers than Cindy.

EDUCATION

Education and workforce training are issues Cindy cares about deeply. She believes the federal government should support states’ efforts to improve educational opportunities for their citizens, but it should not dictate how they get the job done. Mississippi does not need Washington telling it how to raise and educate its children, so she will support policies that help states, local communities, teachers and parents make decisions to improve education for our children.

MORE JOBS

As a conservative, Cindy knows government does not create jobs—people and businesses in the private sector are the drivers of our economy. She is a strong supporter of free markets and private property rights. Her background as a cattle farmer gives her unique insight into the struggles of hardworking men and women. Cindy knows what it’s like dealing with overburdensome regulation by Washington, D.C. To keep our economy growing, Cindy will work with her colleagues and President Trump to roll back unnecessary rules and regulations that hinder job creation and stymie economic growth.

LOWER TAXES

Throughout her career, Cindy has always supported lower taxes. She believes the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act passed by the Republican Congress and signed into law by President Trump is helping unleash a wave of prosperity across America. Cindy will always fight to make sure families and businesses keep more of their hard-earned money.

CONSTITUTIONAL JUDGES

One of the most important responsibilities of a United States Senator is the confirmation of judges. The men and women receive lifetime appointments, and their impact on the rule of law is enormous. In addition to Supreme Court Justice Neil Gorsuch, President Trump has chosen quality nominees for lower federal courts as well. Cindy will be a consistent vote in support of these Constitutional conservative judges.

ISRAEL

Cindy stands with Israel, a strong ally that shares our democratic values. She recognizes Israel as an oasis of freedom, tolerance, and economic prosperity in an unstable region of the world. Cindy supports President Trump’s decision to locate the American embassy in Jerusalem and will work to strengthen U.S.-Israeli national security, economic and cultural interests.[34]

—Hyde-Smith for Senate[36]

Republican Party Chris McDaniel

CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS

Chris wrote the 'Mississippi Student Religious Liberties Act of 2013' that protects students’ right to express religious belief individually and separately from public school endorsement. The bill requires a disclaimer to be provided at graduation ceremonies and other situations that allows students to engage in religious free speech. This important legislation was signed into law.

NATIONAL SECURITY Chris authored a bill that makes terrorism a crime punishable by death in a state court. The legislation adds an aggravated factor that makes it easier to impose the death penalty in state courts in cases of terrorism. This legislation was signed into law.

IMMIGRATION Chris wrote and introduced the Employment Protection Act in 2008, signed into law. Also known as the E-Verify law, it requires all Mississippi companies to use an Internet-based system to check the legal status of potential employees. Chris also introduced bills to prohibit federal and state benefits to undocumented workers, to prohibit the creation of sanctuary cities in Mississippi and to require undocumented aliens to pay out-of-state tuition at state schools.

OBAMACARE Chris led the challenge against Obamacare as lead counsel in a suit against the federal government for unconstitutionally imposing taxes on people who don’t have health insurance. Although the Supreme Court declared Obamacare constitutional, Chris has not let up in his fight to defeat Obamacare. He vocally opposed and voted against legislation aimed at implementing Obamacare’s Medicaid expansion in Mississippi.

LIFE Chris has authored many pieces of legislation to protect the unborn and the sanctity of human life. He has also volunteered his time to serve as legal counsel to several pro-life organizations throughout Mississippi. Including, serving as a the pro-bono attorney for Pro-Life Mississippi in their lawsuit against Mississippi’s only abortion clinic.

SMALL BUSINESSES Chris sponsored legislation designed to give owners of small businesses more say about state regulations that could affect their livelihoods. The bill established a 12-member Small Business Regulatory Review Committee that would examine state rules and laws that could impact businesses with fewer than 100 full-time employees and less than $10 million in gross annual sales or revenues. The bill passed and was signed into law in 2012.

GUN RIGHTS Chris sponsored legislation to require Mississippi to honor any valid concealed carry permit issued by another state. This bill, which was passed and signed into law, also grants the Department of Public Safety continued authority to enter into written reciprocity agreements with other states if those states require such an agreement before recognizing Mississippi carry permits.

EDUCATION Chris authored the 'Mississippi Opportunity Scholarship and Educational Improvement Tax Credit Act of 2012' to provide scholarships to low and middle-income students in low performing districts to pay tuition at a different public school or private school. It also would allow parents sending their children to private school to get a state income tax credit for the private school tuition. Chris has also led the fight against Common Core, arguing that local communities and teachers should decide how best to educate our children.

PROTECTING TAXPAYERS Chris believes the government has a duty to be accountable for how it spends taxpayer dollars. That’s why he introduced legislation that would require recipients of public assistance to be subject to random testing for nicotine. And that’s why Chris was one of just a few lawmakers who gave back portions of their salaries to the state’s general fund.

CUTTING SPENDING Chris has also been willing to vote against spending bills when he believed our state could not afford it. He was one of only two state senators to vote against a $196 million borrowing bill that included millions of dollars for questionable projects, including a Grammy museum in Cleveland, the Maritime and Seafood Industry Museum, and $1 million for a museum to house the country music collection of singer Marty Stuart in Philadelphia.

PRIVATE PROPERTY RIGHTS As a first-term senator in 2010, Chris led the fight to protect private property rights when he took on then-Gov. Haley Barbour, a fellow Republican, and urged his fellow state senators to override Gov. Barbour’s veto of eminent domain legislation that would prevent government from taking private land for use by private companies.

VOTER ID LEGISLATION Chris helped defeat a poorly constructed voter ID bill that would have given felons the right to vote and instituted early voting. Instead, Chris pushed for a stronger voter ID bill that led to a statewide referendum that was approved by voters.

PROTECTING REAL MISSISSIPPIANS Chris authored Nathan’s Law which honors five-year-old Nathan Key of Jones County who was killed in 2009 when he was struck by a vehicle that passed his stopped school bus. The law permits felony charges against anyone who passes a stopped school bus and harms or kills a child and allows for misdemeanor charges against motorists who get too close to parked buses. The law requires motorists to stay at least 10 feet from a stopped school bus with fines up to $750 for a first offense. On a second offense, violators face a fine and up to a year in prison. Nathan’s Law was passed and signed into law.

Chris also authored Karen’s Law in honor of a Jones County teenager who was kidnapped, raped and killed in 1987. The killer pleaded guilty to manslaughter and received the maximum prison sentence allowed of 20 years. Chris believed Mississippi’s manslaughter laws were far behind those of other states and authored Karen’s Law to increase the sentence for manslaughter to a maximum of 30 years for any adult who kills a minor. The bill was passed and signed into law in 2012.

Chris has worked tirelessly to protect Mississippi’s children, writing the Child Protection Act, which requires immediate reporting of a suspected sex crime against a minor. This bill was signed into law in 2012. Chris also introduced legislation that raises the penalty for filing a false police report and mandates that crime victims are entitled to a free copy of initial police incident reports.[34]

—Chris McDaniel for Senate[37]

Twitter accounts

Tweets by espyforsenate Tweets by cindyhydesmith Tweets by senatormcdaniel

Facebook accounts

Click the icons below to visit the candidates' Facebook pages.

Democratic Party Mike Espy Facebook

Republican Party Cindy Hyde-Smith Facebook

Republican Party Chris McDaniel Facebook

Timeline

  • October 23, 2018: Hyde-Smith led the field in an NBC News/Marist poll of 511 likely voters with 38 percent support. Espy and McDaniel followed with 29 percent and 15 percent, respectively.
  • October 2, 2018
    • Hyde-Smith appeared at a rally with President Donald Trump (R) in Southaven, Mississippi.[38]
    • Former hedge fund manager Robert Mercer contributed an additional $500,000 to the pro-McDaniel super PAC Remember Mississippi.[25]
  • September 25, 2018: The National Association of Realtors spent $352,000 on an ad supporting Hyde-Smith.[22]
  • September 10, 2018: Trump cancelled a rally for Hyde-Smith and Sen. Roger Wicker (R) scheduled for September 14, 2018, due to Hurricane Florence.[39]
  • August 23, 2018: Trump endorsed Hyde-Smith.

...Cindy has voted for our Agenda in the Senate 100% of the time and has my complete and total Endorsement. We need Cindy to win in Mississippi!

— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) August 23, 2018

  • July 20, 2018: Sen. Cory Booker joined Espy on the campaign trail.[40]
  • July 3, 2018: The Hyde-Smith campaign released an ad highlighting the Supreme Court vacancy. The clip highlights footage of McDaniel saying Trump is not a constitutional conservative. "Mississippi needs a senator who will stand strong with our president and his [judicial] nominees," the narrator says.
  • May 8, 2018: Mayor of Tupelo Jason Shelton (D) withdrew from the race.[41]
  • April 12, 2018: The U.S. Chamber of Commerce endorsed Hyde-Smith and released an ad highlighting her background as a farmer and member of the state administration.[42]
  • April 3, 2018: Espy commissioned a poll from Chism Strategies, which showed him leading the candidate field with 34 percent support. He was followed by Hyde-Smith with 27 percent and McDaniel 21 percent.[43]
  • April 2, 2018: Hyde-Smith released two radio ads highlighting her background, commitment to the Trump administration's agenda, and an endorsement from Gov. Phil Bryant (R).[44]

Special elections to the 115th U.S. Congress

See also: Special elections to the 115th United States Congress (2017-2018)

In the 17 special elections called to fill vacancies in the 115th Congress in 2017 and 2018, nine Republicans and eight Democrats won. Four elections resulted in a partisan flip:

Results of special elections to the 115th Congress
Race Election date Incumbent Winner Election MOV Previous election MOV 2016 Presidential election MOV[45]
Kansas' 4th Congressional District April 11, 2017 Republican Party Mike Pompeo Republican Party Ron Estes R+6 R+31 R+27
Montana's At-Large Congressional District May 25, 2017 Republican Party Ryan Zinke Republican Party Greg Gianforte R+6 R+15 R+21
California's 34th Congressional District June 6, 2017 Democratic Party Xavier Becerra Democratic Party Jimmy Gomez D+18[46] D+54[46] D+73
Georgia's 6th Congressional District June 20, 2017 Republican Party Tom Price Republican Party Karen Handel R+4 R+24 R+1
South Carolina's 5th Congressional District June 20, 2017 Republican Party Mick Mulvaney Republican Party Ralph Norman R+3 R+20 R+18
Utah's 3rd Congressional District November 7, 2017 Republican Party Jason Chaffetz Republican Party John Curtis R+32 R+47 R+24
U.S. Senate in Alabama December 12, 2017 Republican Party Jeff Sessions Democratic Party Doug Jones D+2 R+28 R+28
Pennsylvania's 18th Congressional District March 13, 2018 Republican Party Tim Murphy Democratic Party Conor Lamb D+0[47] R+100 R+19
Arizona's 8th Congressional District April 24, 2018 Republican Party Trent Franks Republican Party Debbie Lesko R+6 R+38 R+21
Texas' 27th Congressional District June 30, 2018 Republican Party Blake Farenthold Republican Party Michael Cloud R+23 R+24 R+23
Ohio's 12th Congressional District August 7, 2018 Republican Party Patrick Tiberi Republican Party Troy Balderson R+1 R+40 R+11
Michigan's 13th Congressional District November 6, 2018 Democratic Party John Conyers Jr. Democratic Party Brenda Jones D+78 D+61 D+61
U.S. Senate in Minnesota November 6, 2018 Democratic Party Al Franken Democratic Party Tina Smith D+11 D+10 D+2
U.S. Senate in Mississippi November 6, 2018 Republican Party Thad Cochran Republican Party Cindy Hyde-Smith R+8 R+22 R+18
New York's 25th Congressional District November 6, 2018 Democratic Party Louise Slaughter Democratic Party Joseph Morelle D+16 D+12 D+16
Pennsylvania's 7th Congressional District November 6, 2018 Republican Party Patrick Meehan Democratic Party Mary Gay Scanlon D+6 R+19 D+2
Pennsylvania's 15th Congressional District November 6, 2018 Republican Party Charlie Dent Democratic Party Susan Wild D+0 R+20 R+8

Pivot Counties

See also: Pivot Counties by state

Two of 82 Mississippi counties—2.4 percent—are Pivot Counties. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.

Counties won by Trump in 2016 and Obama in 2012 and 2008
County Trump margin of victory in 2016 Obama margin of victory in 2012 Obama margin of victory in 2008
Chickasaw County, Mississippi 6.06% 4.52% 2.13%
Panola County, Mississippi 0.12% 8.62% 6.52%

Election history

2014

U.S. Senate, Mississippi General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngThad Cochran Incumbent 59.9% 378,481
     Democratic Travis Childers 37.9% 239,439
     Reform Shawn O'Hara 2.2% 13,938
Total Votes 631,858
Source: Mississippi Secretary of State Official Results

2012

U.S. Senate, Mississippi General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngRoger Wicker 57.2% 709,626
     Democratic Albert N. Gore, Jr. 40.6% 503,467
     Constitution Thomas Cramer 1.2% 15,281
     Reform Shawn O'Hara 1.1% 13,194
Total Votes 1,241,568
Source: Mississippi Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Wave election analysis

See also: Wave elections (1918-2016)

The term wave election is frequently used to describe an election cycle in which one party makes significant electoral gains. How many seats would Republicans have had to lose for the 2018 midterm election to be considered a wave election?

Ballotpedia examined the results of the 50 election cycles that occurred between 1918 and 2016—spanning from President Woodrow Wilson's (D) second midterm in 1918 to Donald Trump's (R) first presidential election in 2016. We define wave elections as the 20 percent of elections in that period resulting in the greatest seat swings against the president's party.

Applying this definition to U.S. Senate elections, we found that Republicans needed to lose seven seats for 2018 to qualify as a wave election.

The chart below shows the number of seats the president's party lost in the 10 U.S. Senate waves from 1918 to 2016. Click here to read the full report.

U.S. Senate wave elections
Year President Party Election type Senate seats change Senate majority[48]
1932 Hoover R Presidential -13 D (flipped)
1958 Eisenhower R Second midterm -12 D
1946 Truman D First midterm -10 R (flipped)
1980 Carter D Presidential -9 R (flipped)
2014 Obama D Second midterm -9 R (flipped)
1942 Roosevelt D Third midterm -8 D
2008 George W. Bush D Presidential -8 D
1926 Coolidge R First midterm[49] -7 R
1930 Hoover R First midterm -7 R
1986 Reagan R Second midterm -7 D (flipped)

State overview

Partisan control

This section details the partisan control of federal and state positions in Mississippi heading into the 2018 elections.

Congressional delegation

State executives

  • As of September 2018, Republicans held eight of 11 state executive positions, with the remaining three held by Democrats.
  • The governor of Mississippi was Republican Phil Bryant. Bryant won election in 2011 and was re-elected in 2015.

State legislature

Trifecta status

  • Mississippi was a Republican trifecta, meaning that the Republican Party held the governorship and both chambers of the state legislature.

2018 elections

See also: Mississippi elections, 2018

Mississippi held elections for the following positions in 2018:

Demographics

Demographic data for Mississippi
 MississippiU.S.
Total population:2,989,390316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):46,9233,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:59.2%73.6%
Black/African American:37.4%12.6%
Asian:1%5.1%
Native American:0.4%0.8%
Pacific Islander:0%0.2%
Two or more:1.2%3%
Hispanic/Latino:2.9%17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:82.3%86.7%
College graduation rate:20.7%29.8%
Income
Median household income:$39,665$53,889
Persons below poverty level:27%11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Mississippi.
**Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

As of July 2016, Mississippi's three largest cities were Jackson (pop. est. 170,000), Gulfport (pop. est. 72,000), and Southaven (pop. est. 54,000).[50]

State election history

This section provides an overview of federal and state elections in Mississippi from 2000 to 2016. Data comes from the Mississippi Secretary of State.

Historical elections

Presidential elections, 2000-2016

This chart shows the results of the presidential election in Mississippi every year from 2000 to 2016.

Election results (President of the United States), Mississippi 2000-2016
Year First-place candidate First-place candidate votes (%) Second-place candidate Second-place candidate votes (%) Margin of victory (%)
2016 Republican Party Donald Trump 57.9% Democratic Party Hillary Clinton 40.1% 17.8%
2012 Republican Party Mitt Romney 55.3% Democratic Party Barack Obama 43.8% 11.5%
2008 Republican Party John McCain 56.2% Democratic Party Barack Obama 43.0% 13.2%
2004 Republican Party George W. Bush 59.5% Democratic Party John Kerry 39.8% 19.7%
2000 Republican Party George W. Bush 57.6% Democratic Party Al Gore 40.7% 16.9%

U.S. Senate elections, 2000-2016

This chart shows the results of U.S. Senate races in Mississippi from 2000 to 2016. Every state has two Senate seats, and each seat goes up for election every six years. The terms of the two seats are staggered so that roughly one-third of the seats are up every two years.

Election results (U.S. Senator), Mississippi 2000-2016
Year First-place candidate First-place candidate votes (%) Second-place candidate Second-place candidate votes (%) Margin of victory (%)
2014 Republican Party Thad Cochran 59.9% Democratic Party Travis Childers 37.9% 22.0%
2012 Republican Party Roger Wicker 57.2% Democratic Party Albert Gore 40.6% 16.6%
2008 Republican Party Thad Cochran 61.4% Democratic Party Erik Fleming 38.6% 22.8%
2008 (special) Republican Party Roger Wicker 55.0% Democratic Party Ronnie Musgrove 45.0% 10.0%
2006 Republican Party Trent Lott 63.6% Democratic Party Erik Fleming 34.9% 28.7%
2002 Republican Party Thad Cochran 84.6% Reform Party Shawn O'Hara 15.4% 69.2%
2000 Republican Party Trent Lott 65.9% Democratic Party Troy Brown 31.6% 34.3%

Gubernatorial elections, 2000-2016

This chart shows the results of the gubernatorial elections held between 2000 and 2016. Gubernatorial elections are held every four years in Mississippi.

Election results (Governor), Mississippi 2000-2016
Year First-place candidate First-place candidate votes (%) Second-place candidate Second-place candidate votes (%) Margin of victory (%)
2015 Republican Party Phil Bryant 66.6% Democratic Party Robert Gray 32.1% 34.5%
2011 Republican Party Phil Bryant 61.0% Democratic Party Johnny DuPree 39.0% 22.0%
2007 Republican Party Haley Barbour 57.9% Democratic Party John Eaves 42.1% 15.8%
2003 Republican Party Haley Barbour 52.6% Democratic Party Ronnie Musgrove 45.8% 6.8%

Congressional delegation, 2000-2016

This chart shows the number of Democrats and Republicans who were elected to represent Mississippi in the U.S. House from 2000 to 2016. Elections for U.S. House seats are held every two years.

Congressional delegation, Mississippi 2000-2016
Year Republicans Republicans (%) Democrats Democrats (%) Balance of power
2016 Republican Party 4 75.0% Democratic Party 1 25.0% R+2
2014 Republican Party 4 75.0% Democratic Party 1 25.0% R+2
2012 Republican Party 4 75.0% Democratic Party 1 25.0% R+2
2010 Republican Party 4 75.0% Democratic Party 1 25.0% R+2
2008 Republican Party 1 25.0% Democratic Party 3 75.0% D+2
2006 Republican Party 2 50.0% Democratic Party 2 50.0% Even
2004 Republican Party 2 50.0% Democratic Party 2 50.0% Even
2002 Republican Party 2 50.0% Democratic Party 2 50.0% Even
2008 Republican Party 2 40.0% Democratic Party 3 60.0% D+1

Trifectas, 1992-2017

A state government trifecta occurs when one party controls both chambers of the state legislature and the governor's office.

Mississippi Party Control: 1992-2025
Four years of Democratic trifectas  •  Fourteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Governor R R R R R R R R D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Senate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R[51] D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
House D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

See also

Footnotes

  1. Mississippi Secretary of State, "Sample Ballot," accessed October 11, 2018
  2. Bartee for Senate, "Meet Tobey," accessed November 1, 2018
  3. Bartee for Senate, "Our Vision," accessed November 1, 2018
  4. Bartee for Senate, "My Pledge," accessed November 1, 2018
  5. YouTube, "A Day in the Life of Tobey Bartee," October 22, 2018
  6. History, Art, & Archives, "Alphonso Michael Espy," accessed September 29, 2018
  7. 7.0 7.1 Jackson Free Press, "‘It Only Matters What You Answer To’: The JFP Interview with Mike Espy," September 19, 2018
  8. Espy for Senate, "About," accessed September 29, 2018
  9. Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress, "Cindy Hyde-Smith," accessed September 29, 2018
  10. Cindy Hyde-Smith, "About," accessed September 29, 2018
  11. YouTube, "Hyde-Smith – Endorsement," August 28, 2018
  12. YouTube, "Hyde-Smith – Conservative," August 22, 2018
  13. Cindy Hyde-Smith, "Home," accessed September 29, 2018
  14. CNN, "Mississippi son challenging a political godfather in Senate race," June 24, 2014
  15. McDaniel 2018, "Meet Chris," accessed September 29, 2018
  16. McDaniel 2018, "Contract," accessed September 29, 2018
  17. ABC News, "The Note: GOP fears what Trump can’t control—and what he can," September 25, 2018
  18. Clarion Ledger, "Chris McDaniel: Cindy Hyde-Smith has 'ideological amnesia' on 2008 presidential vote," June 29, 2018
  19. OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed September 22, 2015
  20. OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed September 22, 2015
  21. National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," November 6, 2015
  22. 22.0 22.1 Daily Kos, "Morning Digest: Daily Kos Elections upgrades Texas Senate race from Likely to Lean Republican," September 25, 2018
  23. Y'All Politics, "YP Daily Roundup 4/18/18," April 18, 2018
  24. Associated Press, "Inside a super PAC that spends on everything but winning," August 16, 2018
  25. 25.0 25.1 WMC Action News 5, "Billionaire donates $500,000 to McDaniel super PAC," October 26, 2018
  26. Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
  27. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
  28. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
  29. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
  30. New York Times, "Kavanaugh Is Sworn In After Close Confirmation Vote in Senate Video," October 6, 2018
  31. Cindy Hyde-Smith, "HYDE-SMITH VOTES TO CONFIRM KAVANAUGH," October 6, 2018
  32. Twitter, "Chris McDaniel," October 6, 2018
  33. WMBC Action News 5, "Senate candidate Phil Bredesen says he’d vote ‘yes’ on Kavanaugh," October 5, 2018
  34. 34.0 34.1 34.2 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  35. Espy for Senate, "Issues," accessed September 26, 2018
  36. Hyde-Smith for Senate, "Issues," accessed July 12, 2018
  37. Chris McDaniel for Senate, "Results," accessed March 4, 2018
  38. Daily Journal, "President Trump holds rally in Southaven," October 2, 2018
  39. Clarion Ledger, "Trump cancels Mississippi rally because of Hurricane Florence," September 10, 2018
  40. Clarion Ledger, "NJ Sen. Booker stumps for fellow Dem Espy in Mississippi," accessed July 25, 2018
  41. Clarion Ledger, "Democratic Mayor Jason Shelton drops out of Senate race," May 8, 2018
  42. The Hill, "Chamber of Commerce makes play in Mississippi Senate race for Hyde-Smith," April 13, 2018
  43. Clarion Ledger, "Poll: Mike Espy leading Cindy Hyde-Smith, Chris McDaniel in Senate race," April 3, 2018
  44. Y'All Politics, "Cindy Hyde Smith campaign cuts two radio spots – one featuring Governor Phil Bryant ," April 2, 2018
  45. Daily Kos, "2008, 2012, & 2016 Presidential Election Results by District," accessed July 11, 2018
  46. 46.0 46.1 Both general election candidates were Democrats.
  47. Lamb won by a margin of 0.4 percentage points.
  48. Denotes the party that had more seats in the U.S. House following the election.
  49. Calvin Coolidge's (R) first term began in August 1923 after the death of President Warren Harding (R), who was first elected in 1920. Before he had his first midterm in 1926, Coolidge was re-elected as president in 1924.
  50. Mississippi Demographics by Cubit, "Mississippi Cities by Population," accessed September 10, 2018
  51. Republicans gained a majority in 2007 when two Democratic state senators switched their party affiliation. Democrats regained the majority as a result of the 2007 elections.

Senators

Representatives

Republican Party (5)

Democratic Party (1)