A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of theadk andrecA genes of pathogenic and commensalNeisseria species: Evidence for extensive interspecies recombination withinadk - Journal of Molecular Evolution
- ️Spratt, Brian G.
- ️Sun Dec 01 1996
Abstract
The sequences of the adenylate kinase gene (adk) and the RecA gene (recA) were determined from the same isolates ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica, N. polysaccharea, N. cinerea, N. mucosa, N. pharyngis var.flava, N. flavescens, andN. animalis. The patterns of sequence divergence observed atadk andrecA were very different. Dendrograms constructed from therecA data using two different algorithms were statistically robust and were congruent with each other and with the relationships between the species previously proposed using other data. In contrast, the dendrograms derived from theadk data were noncongruent with each other, and with those from therecA data, and were statistically poorly supported. These results, along with the uniform distribution of pairwise sequence divergences between the species atadk, suggest there has been a history of interspecies recombination within theadk gene of the humanNeisseria species which has obscured the phylogenetic relationships between the species. This view was supported by Sawyer's runs test, and the Index of Association (IA) between codons, which provided significant evidence for interspecies recombination between theadk genes from the humanNeisseria species, but no evidence of interspecies recombination between therecA sequences.
Access this article
Subscribe and save
- Get 10 units per month
- Download Article/Chapter or eBook
- 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
- Cancel anytime
Buy Now
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.
Instant access to the full article PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Achtman M (1994) Clonal spread of serogroup A meningococci: a paradigm for the analysis of microevolution in bacteria. Mol Microbiol 11:15–22
Barrett SJ, Sneath PHA (1994) A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of the genusNeisseria. Microbiol 140:2867–2891
Bowler LD, Zhang Q-Y, Riou J-Y, Spratt BG (1994) Inter-species recombination between thepenA genes ofNeisseria meningitidis and commensalNeisseria species during the emergence of penicillin resistance inN. meningitidis: natural events and laboratory simulation. J Bacteriol 176:333–337
Boyd EF, Nelson K, Wang F-S, Whittam TS, Selander RK (1994) Molecular genetic basis of allelic polymorphism in malatedehydrogenase (mdh) in natural-populations ofEscherichia coli andSalmonella enterica. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:1280–1284
Brown AHD, Feldman MW, Nevo E (1980) Multilocus structure of natural populations ofHordeum spontanium. Genetics 96:523–536
Cohan FM (1995) Does recombination constrain neutral divergence among bacterial taxa. Evolution 49:164–175
Dykhuizen DE, Green L (1991) Recombination inEscherichia coli and the definition of biological species. J Bacteriol 173:7257–7268
Feil E, Carpenter G, Spratt BG (1995) Electrophoretic variation in adenylate kinase ofNeisseria meningitidis is due to inter- and intra-species recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92:10535–10539
Frosch M, Meyer TF (1992) Transformation-mediated exchange of virulence determinants by co-cultivation of pathogenicNeisseria. FEMS Microbiol Lett 100:345–350
Fyfe JAM, Davies JK (1990) Nucleotide sequence and expression inEscherichia coli of therecA gene ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae. Gene 93:151–156
Graves JF, Biswas GD, Sparling PF (1982) Sequence-specific DNA uptake in transformation ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae. J Bacteriol 152:1071–1077
Guibourdenche M, Popoff MY, Riou JY (1986) Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness amongNeisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, N. lactamica, N. cinerea and “Neisseria polysaccharea.” Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol 137B:177–185
Guttman DS, Dykhuizen DE (1994) Clonal divergence inEscherichia coli as a result of recombination, not mutation. Science 266:1380–1383
Higuchi RG, Ochman H (1989) Production of single-stranded DNA templates by exonuclease digestion following the polymerase chain reaction. Nucleic Acids Res 17:5865
Hobbs MM, Seiler A, Achtman M, Cannon JG (1994) Microevolution within a clonal population of pathogenic bacteria—recombination, gene duplication and horizontal genetic exchange in theopa gene family ofNeisseria meningitidis. Mol Microbiol 12:171–180
Istock CA, Duncan KE, Ferguson N, Zhou X (1992) Sexuality in a natural population of bacteria—Bacillus subtilis challenges the clonal paradigm. Mol Ecol 1:95–103
Knapp JS (1988) Historical perspectives and identification ofNeisseria and related species. Clin Microbiol Rev 1:415–431
Kumar S, Tamura K, Nei M (1993) MEGA: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software for microcomputers. Comput Appl Biosci 10:189–191
Jukes TH, Cantor CR (1969) Evolution of protein molecules. In: Munro HN (ed) Mammalian protein metabolism. Academic Press, New York, pp 21–132
Maiden MCJ (1993) Population genetics of a transformable bacterium: the influence of horizontal genetic exchange on the biology ofNeisseria meningitidis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 112:243–250
Maynard Smith J, Dowson CG, Spratt BG (1991) Localised sex in bacteria. Nature 349:29–31
Maynard Smith J, Smith NH, O'Rourke M, Spratt BG (1993) How clonal are bacteria? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:4384–4388
Nei M, Gojobori T (1986) Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions. Mol Biol Evol 3:418–426
Nelson K, Selander RK (1994) Intergeneric transfer and recombination of the 6-phosphogluconate gene (gnd) in enteric bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:10227–10231
Olyhoek T, Crowe BA, Achtman M (1987) Clonal population structure ofNeisseria meningitidis serogroup A isolated from epidemics and pandemics between 1915 and 1983. Rev Infect Dis 9:665–682
O'Rourke M, Stevens E (1993) Genetic structure ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae populations: a non-clonal pathogen. J Gen Microbiol 139:2603–2611
Reeves PR, Farnell L, Lan R (1994) Multicomp: a program for preparing sequence data for phylogenetic analysis. Comput Appl Biosci 10:281–284
Roberts MS, Cohan FM (1993) The effect of DNA sequence divergence on sexual isolation inBacillus. Genetics 134:402–408
Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
Sawyer S (1989) Statistical tests for detecting gene conversion. Mol Biol Evol 6:526–538
Spratt BG, Zhou J (1994) Recombination in nature between chromosomal genes of pathogenic and commensalNeisseria species. In: Conde-Glez CJ, Morse S, Rice P, Sparling F, Calderon E (eds) Pathobiology and immunobiology ofNeisseriaceae. INSP, Cuernavaca, Mexico, pp 575–581
Spratt BG, Bowler LD, Zhang Q-Y, Zhou J, Maynard Smith J (1992) Role of inter-species transfer of chromosomal genes in the evolution of penicillin resistance in pathogenic and commensalNeisseria species. J Mol Evol 34:115–125
Spratt BG, Smith NH, Zhou J, O'Rourke M, Feil E (1995) The population genetics of the pathogenicNeisseria. In: Baumberg S, Young JPW, Wellington EMH, Saunders JR (eds) The population genetics of bacteria. SGM Symposium No. 52, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 143–160
Vázquez JA, de la Fuente L, Berrón S, O'Rourke M, Smith NH, Zhou J, Spratt BG (1993) Ecological separation and genetic isolation ofNeisseria gonorrhoeae andNeisseria meningitidis. Curr Biol 3:567–572
Vázquez JA, Berrón S, O'Rourke M, Carpenter G, Feil E, Smith NH, Spratt BG (1995) Interspecies recombination in nature: a meningococcus that has acquired a gonococcal PIB porin. Mol Microbiol 15:1001–1007
Ward MJ, Lambden PR, Heckels JE (1992) Sequence analysis and relationships between meningococcal class 3 serotype proteins and other porins from pathogenic and non-pathogenicNeisseria species. FEMS Microbiol Lett 94:283–290
Zhou J, Spratt BG (1992) Sequence diversity within theargF, fbp andrecA genes of natural isolates ofNeisseria meningitidis: interspecies recombination within theargF gene. Mol Microbiol 6:2135–2146
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, BN1 9QG, Falmer, Brighton, UK
Edward Feil, Jiaji Zhou, John Maynard Smith & Brian G. Spratt
Authors
- Edward Feil
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
- Jiaji Zhou
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
- John Maynard Smith
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
- Brian G. Spratt
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Feil, E., Zhou, J., Smith, J.M. et al. A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of theadk andrecA genes of pathogenic and commensalNeisseria species: Evidence for extensive interspecies recombination withinadk . J Mol Evol 43, 631–640 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202111
Received: 12 January 1996
Accepted: 20 May 1996
Issue Date: December 1996
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02202111