link.springer.com

Effect of frost nights and day and night temperature during dormancy induction on frost hardiness, tolerance to cold storage and bud burst in seedlings of Norway spruce - Trees

  • ️Johnsen, Øystein
  • ️Tue Aug 04 2009

  • Aronsson A (1975) Influence of photo- and thermoperiod on the initial stages of frost hardening and dehardening of phytotron-grown seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus silvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Stud For Suec 128:1–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Beuker E, Valtonen E, Repo T (1998) Seasonal variation in the frost hardiness of Scots pine and Norway spruce in old provenance experiments in Finland. For Ecol Manag 107:87–98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bigras FJ, Dumais D (2005) Root-freezing damage in the containerized nursery: impact on plantation sites—a review. New For 30:167–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Bigras FJ, Gonzalez A, D’Aoust AL, Hébert C (1996) Frost hardiness, bud phenology and growth of containerized Picea mariana seedlings grown at three nitrogen levels and three temperature regimes. New For 12:243–259

    Google Scholar 

  • Bigras FJ, Ryyppö A, Lindström A, Stattin E (2001) Cold acclimation and deacclimation of shoots and roots of conifer seedlings. In: Bigras FJ, Colombo SJ (eds) Conifer cold hardiness. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 57–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Christersson L (1978) The influence of photoperiod and temperature on the development of frost hardiness in seedlings of Pinus silvestris and Picea abies. Physiol Plant 44:288–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colombo SJ (1990) Bud dormancy status, frost hardiness. Shoot moisture content, and readiness of Black spruce container seedlings for frozen storage. J Am Soc Hort Sci 115:302–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Colombo SJ (1994) Timing of cold temperature exposure affects root and shoot frost hardiness of Picea mariana container seedlings. Scand J For Res 9:52–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colombo SJ, Webb DP, Glerum C (1982) Cold hardiness and bud development under short days in black spruce and white spruce seedlings. In: Scarret JB, Glerum C, Plexman CA (eds) Canadian containerized tree seedling symposium, Toronto, Ontario, pp 171–176

  • Colombo SJ, Glerum C, Webb DP (1989) Winter hardening in first-year black spruce (Picea mariana) seedlings. Physiol Plant 76:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colombo SJ, Menzies MI, O’Reilly C (2001) Influence of nursery cultural practices on cold hardiness of coniferous forest tree seedlings. In: Bigras FJ, Colombo SJ (eds) Conifer cold hardiness, vol 1. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 223–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Coursolle C, Bigras FJ, Margolis HA, Hébert C (1997) Dehardening and second-year growth of white spruce provenances in response to duration of long-night treatments. Can J For Res 27:1168–1175

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalen LS, Johnsen Ø, Ogner G (2001) CO2 enrichment and development of freezing tolerance in Norway spruce. Physiol Plant 113:533–540

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dormling I (1979) Influences of light intensity and temperature on photoperiodic responses in Norway spruce provenances. In: Proceedings IUFRO joint meeting of working parties on Norway spruce provenances and Norway spruce breeding. Lower Saxony Forest Research Institute, pp 398–408

  • Dormling I (1982) Frost resistance during bud flushing and shoot elongation in Picea abies. Silva Fenn 16:167–177

    Google Scholar 

  • Dormling I (1993) Bud dormancy, frost hardiness, and frost drought in seedlings of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies. In: Li PH, Christersson L (eds) Advances in plant cold hardiness. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 285–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Dormling I, Gustafsson Å, von Wettstein D (1968) The experimental control of the life cycle in Picea abies (L.) Karst. I. Some basic experiments on the vegetative cycle. Silvae Genet 17:44–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Erez A, Couvillon GA, Hendershott CH (1979) Quantitative chilling enhancement and negation in Peach buds by high temperatures in a daily cycle. J Am Soc Hort Sci 104:536–540

    Google Scholar 

  • Fløistad IS, Patil GG (2002) Growth and terminal bud formation in Picea abies seedlings grown with alternating diurnal temperature and different light qualities. Scand J For Res 17:15–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glerum C (1973) Annual trends in frost hardiness and electrical impedance for seven coniferous species. Can J Plant Sci 53:881–889

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glerum C (1976) Frost hardiness of forest trees. In: Cannell MGR, Last FT (eds) Tree physiology and yield improvement. Academic Press, London, pp 403–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Greer DH, Warrington IJ (1982) Effect of photoperiod, night temperature, and frost incidence on development of frost hardiness in Pinus radiata. Aust J Plant Physiol 9:333–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greer DH, Stanley CJ, Warrington IJ (1989) Photoperiod control of the initial phase of frost hardiness development in Pinus radiata. Plant Cell Environ 12:661–668

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hänninen H (2006) Climate warming and the risk of frost damage to boreal forest trees: identification of critical ecophysiological traits. Tree Physiol 26:889–898

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins BJ (1993) Photoperiod and night frost influence the frost hardiness of Chamaecyparis nootkatensis clones. Can J For Res 23:1408–1414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heide OM (1974) Growth and dormancy in Norway spruce ecotypes. II. After-effects of photoperiod and temperature on growth and development in subsequent years. Physiol Plant 31:131–139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsen Ø (1989a) Freeze-testing young Picea abies plants: a methodological study. Scand J For Res 4:351–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsen Ø (1989b) Phenotypic changes in progenies of northern clones of Picea abies (L.) Karst. grown in a southern seed orchard. I. Frost hardiness in a phytotron experiment. Scand J For Res 4:317–330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsen Ø, Skrøppa T (2000) Provenances and families show different patterns of relationship between bud set and frost hardiness in Picea abies. Can J For Res 30:1858–1866

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnsen Ø, Dæhlen OG, Østreng G, Skrøppa T (2005) Daylength and temperature during seed production interactively affect adaptive performance of Picea abies progenies. New Phytol 168:589–596

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jonsson A, Eriksson G, Dormling I, Ifver J (1981) Studies on frost hardiness of Pinus contorta Dougl. seedlings grown in climate chambers. Stud For Suec 157:1–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Junttila O, Kaurin Å (1990) Environmental control of cold acclimation in Salix pentandra. Scand J For Res 5:195–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kohmann K, Johnsen Ø (2007) Effects of early long-night treatment on diameter and height growth, second flush and frost tolerance in two-year-old Picea abies container seedlings. Scand J For Res 22:375–383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krutzsch P (1973) Norway spruce development of buds. IUFRO S2.02.11. International Union of Forest Research Organizations, Vienna, p 6

  • Kvaalen H, Johnsen Ø (2008) Timing of bud set in Picea abies is regulated by a memory of temperature during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis. New Phytol 177:49–59

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • L’Hirondelle SJ, Simpson DG, Binder WD (2006) Overwinter storability of conifer planting stock: operational testing of fall frost hardiness. New For 32:307–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Lavender DP, Wareing PF (1972) Effects of daylength and chilling on the response of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb) Franco) seedlings to root damage and storage. New Phytol 71:1055–1067

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levitt J (1980) Responses of plants to environmental stresses. Chilling, freezing, and high temperature stresses. In: Kozlowski TT (ed) Physiological ecology. Academic Press, London, p 497

    Google Scholar 

  • Li C, Junttila O, Palva ET (2004) Environmental regulation and physiological basis of freezing tolerance in woody plants. Acta Physiol Plant 26:213–222

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindström A, Stattin E (1994) Root freezing tolerance and vitality of Norway spruce and Scots pine seedlings; influence of storage duration, storage temperature, and prestorage root freezing. Can J For Res 24:2477–2484

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luoranen J, Lahti M, Rikala R (2008) Frost hardiness of nutrient-loaded two-year-old Picea abies seedlings in autumn and at the end of freezer storage. New For 35:207–220

    Google Scholar 

  • Malcolm DC, Pymar CF (1975) The influence of temperature on the cessation of height growth of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) provenances. Silvae Genet 24:129–132

    Google Scholar 

  • McKay HM, Mason WL (1991) Physiological indicators of tolerance to cold storage in Sitka spruce and Douglas-fir seedlings. Can J For Res 21:890–901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nienstaedt H (1967) Chilling requirements in seven Picea species. Silvae Genet 16:65–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Nørgaard Nielsen CC, Rasmussen HN (2009) Frost hardening and dehardening in Abies procera and other conifers under differing temperature regimes and warm-spell treatments. Forestry 82:43–59. doi:10.1093/forestry/cpn048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Reilly C, McCarthy N, Keane M, Harper CP (2000) Proposed dates for lifting Sitka spruce planting stock for fresh planting or cold storage, based on physiological indicators. New For 19:117–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Odlum KD, Colombo SJ (1989) The influence of night temperature under declining photoperiod on bud initiation in black spruce seedlings. Can J For Res 19:274–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owens JN, Molder M (1976) Bud development in Sitka spruce. I. Annual growth cycle of vegetative buds and shoots. Can J Bot 54:313–325

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Owston PW, Kozlowski TT (1981) Growth and cold hardiness of container-grown Douglas-fir, noble fir, and Sitka spruce seedlings in simulated greenhouse regimes. Can J For Res 11:465–474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollard DFW (1974) Bud morphogenesis of white spruce Picea glauca seedlings in a uniform environment. Can J Bot 52:1569–1571

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qamaruddin M, Dormling I, Ekberg I, Eriksson G, Tillberg E (1993) Abscisic acid content at defined levels of bud dormancy and frost tolerance in two contrasting populations of Picea abies grown in a phytotron. Physiol Plant 87:203–210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Räisänen M, Repo T, Lehto T (2006) Effect of thawing time, cooling rate and boron nutrition on freezing point of the primordial shoot in Norway spruce buds. Ann Bot 97:593–599

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Räisänen M, Repo T, Lehto T (2007) Cold acclimation was partially impaired in boron deficient Norway spruce seedlings. Plant Soil 292:271–282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie GA (1984) Effect of freezer storage on bud dormancy release in Douglas-fir seedlings. Can J For Res 14:186–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ritchie GA (1986) Relationships among bud dormancy status, cold hardiness, and stress resistance in 2 + 0 Douglas-fir. New For 1:29–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronco F (1973) Food reserves of Engelmann spruce planting stock. For Sci 19:213–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Rostad H (1988) Frost resistance during shoot elongation in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings in relation to the growth environment of the previous growing period. Silva Fenn 22:225–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Rostad H, Granhus A, Fløistad IS, Morgenlie S (2006) Early summer frost hardiness in Picea abies seedlings in response to photoperiod treatment. Can J For Res 36:2966–2973

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai A, Eiga S (1985) Physiological and ecological aspects of cold acclimation of boreal conifers. In: Kaurin Å, Junttila O, Nilsen J (eds) Plant production in the north. Norwegian University Press, Oslo, pp 157–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Silim SN, Lavender DP (1994) Seasonal patterns and environmental regulation of frost hardiness in shoots of seedlings of Thuja plicata, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, and Picea glauca. Can J Bot 72:309–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson DG (1990) Frost hardiness, root growth capacity, and field performance relationships in interior spruce, lodgepole pine, Douglas-fir, and western hemlock seedlings. Can J For Res 20:566–572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Søgaard G (2008) Dormancy and frost hardiness in Norway spruce seedlings. Ph.D. thesis. Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, 53 p 42 + app

  • Søgaard G, Johnsen Ø, Nilsen J, Junttila O (2008) Climatic control of bud burst in young seedlings of nine provenances of Norway spruce. Tree Physiol 28:311–320

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stattin E, Hellqvist C, Lindström A (2000) Storability and root freezing tolerance of Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings. Can J For Res 30:964–970

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Timmis R, Worral J (1975) Environmental control of cold acclimation in Douglas fir during germination, active growth and rest. Can J For Res 5:464–477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van den Driessche R (1969) Influence of moisture supply, temperature and light on frost-hardiness changes in Douglas-fir seedlings. Can J Bot 47:1765–1772

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van den Driessche R (1970) Influence of light intensity and photoperiod on frost-hardiness development in Douglas-fir seedlings. Can J Bot 48:2129–2134

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiser CJ (1970) Cold resistance and injury in woody plants. Science 169:1269–1278

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Worrall J, Mergen F (1967) Environmental and genetic control of dormancy in Picea abies. Physiol Plant 20:733–745

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zehnder LR, Lanphaer FO (1966) The influence of temperature and light on the cold hardiness of Taxus cuspidata. Proc Am Soc Hortic Sci 89:706–713

    Google Scholar