A Novel Gene Family Controls Species-Specific Morphological Traits in Hydra
Figure 5
Overexpression of mHym301A Alters Timing and Order of Tentacle Development during Regeneration
(A) Number of tentacles per polyp in H. vulgaris AEPwt, transgenic H. vulgaris AEPA14, and transgenic H. vulgaris AEP Ecto-1 lines. In all three lines tentacle number was counted in 100 adult polyps with buds.
(B) Experimental scheme for the regeneration experiments. Polyps were cut at 1/3 of the body length.
(C) Time kinetics of tentacle formation in transgenic H. vulgaris AEPA14 compared with that in wild-type H. vulgaris AEP and transgenic H. vulgaris AEP Ecto-1 animals. Mean number of tentacles per polyp in AEPA14, AEPwt and Ecto-1 at 42, 66, and 130 h after decapitation (two asterisks, p < 0.01 according to ANOVA test).
(D–F) In transgenic H. vulgaris AEPA14 newly formed tentacles arise asynchronously.
(G) Scheme summarizing the order in which tentacles arise in transgenic H. vulgaris AEPA14.
(H) Scheme depicting the ectopic expression pattern of mHym301A in transgenic H. vulgaris AEPA14 (see Figure 4F).
(I–K) In control H. vulgaris AEP newly formed tentacles arise synchronously and considerably later than in transgenic animals.
(L) Scheme summarizing the order in which tentacles arise in wild-type H. vulgaris AEPwt.
(M) Scheme depicting the expression pattern of aepHym301A in H. vulgaris AEP (see Figure 3G). Note the absence of transcripts in tentacles.
(N–P) In H. oligactis newly formed tentacles arise asynchronously.
(Q) Scheme summarizing the order in which tentacles arise in H. oligactis.
(R) Scheme depicting the expression pattern of oHym301A in H. oligactis. Note the presence of the transcript in tentacles (see Figure 3E).
(S–U) In H. magnipapillata newly formed tentacles arise synchronously.
(V) Scheme summarizing the order in which tentacles arise in H. magnipapillata.
(W) Scheme depicting the expression pattern of mHym301A in H. magnipapillata. Note the absence of transcripts in tentacles (see Figure 3A).