dx.doi.org

A Taxonomic Revision of Desmodium (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) in Brazil | Phytotaxa

  • ️Fri May 16 2014

Authors

  • LAURA CRISTINA PIRES LIMA Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, 44031-460, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
  • LUCIANO PAGANUCCI DE QUEIROZ Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s/n, 44031-460, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
  • ANA MARIA GOULART DE AZEVEDO TOZZI Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
  • GWILYM PETER LEWIS Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, England.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.169.1.1

Keywords:

Desmodieae, Fabaceae, Meibomia, nomenclatural notes, South America

Abstract

Desmodium is characterized mainly by lilac flowers arranged in pseudoracemose inflorescences, stamens monadelphous or diadelphous and a lomentaceous fruit generally covered by uncinate hairs. A taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species was carried out based on the analysis of 3,000 herbarium specimens, including all nomeclatural types. Field trips to the most species-rich areas of Desmodium in Brazil were undertaken, resulting in the sampling of 29 out of the 34 species recognised for  the country. We recognise 101 names as synonyms, 27 of which are new. Lectotypes were designated for 60 accepted names and synonyms, and two neotypes and one epitype were chosen. A new combination is proposed for Meibomia microcarpa, as well as a new name for Meibomia guaranitica var. microcarpa. Desmodium album is a new  record for Brazil, and D. craspediferum, D. glabrescens and D. juruenense, previously known only by type collections, were recollected during this study. All species are described, mapped and illustrated. An identification key, and comments on taxonomy and nomenclature are provided. 

References

Adanson, M. (1763) Families des plantes 2. Vicente, Paris, 640 pp.

Arcy, W.G.D. (1970) Jacquin names, some notes on their typification. Taxon 19(4): 554–560.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1218948

Arthur, J.C. (1907) American code of botanical nomenclature. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 34(4): 175.

Aymard, G.A., Berry, P.E., Cowan, R.S., Cuello, N., Delgado Salinas, A., Fantz, P.R., Maxwell, R.H., Redden, K.M., Rudd, V.E., Sousa, M. & Wind, D.R. (2007) Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro, Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana): Leguminosae-Faboideae. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 55: 346–365.

Azevedo, A.M.G. (1981) O gênero Desmodium Desv. no Brasil- considerações taxonômicas. M.S. Thesis. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 315 pp.

http://www.bibliotecadigital.unicamp.br/document/?code=vtls000075165

Azevedo, A.M.G. (1982) Uma nova espécie para o gênero Desmodium Desv. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae): Desmodium craspediferum Azevedo & Oliveira. Revista Brasileira de Botânica 5: 1–3.

Baker, J.G. (1876) Desmodium. In: Hooker, J.D. (ed.). The Flora of British India 2. Rev. & Co. Kent, London, pp. 161–175.

Barroso, G.M. (1964) Leguminosas da Guanabara. Arquivos do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro 18: 109–177.

Bentham, G. (1844) The Botany of the Voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur. Smith, Elder and Co., London, 195 pp.

Bentham, G. (1852) Leguminosae. In: Miquel, F.A.W. (ed.). Plantae Junghuhnianae. Sythoff, Leiden, pp. 205–269.

Bentham, G. (1859) Leguminosae 1, Papilionaceae. In: Martius, C.F.P., Endlicher, S., Urban, I. (eds.). Flora Brasiliensis v. 15, pt. 1. Monachii, Lipsiae, pp. 1–215.

Bentham, G. (1865) Leguminosae: Desmodium. In: Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. (eds.). Genera Plantarum 1. Londini, Reeve & co., London, pp. 519–521.

Blake, S.F. (1922) New American Meibomias. Botanical Gazette 78: 271–288.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/333396

Brandão, M., Ferreira, M.B.D. & Lopez, B.C. (1996) O gênero Desmodium Desvaux (Leguminosae-Faboideae) no herbário da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais, PAMG/EPAMIG. Daphne 6(1): 12–25.

Britton, N.L. & Brown, A. (1897) An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada, and the British Possesions vol II Portulacaceae to Menynthaceae. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, 643 pp.

Brummitt, R.K. (1978) Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta 20. Taxon 27: 285–314.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1220263

Burkart, A. (1939) Estudios sistematicos sobre las Leguminosas-Hedisareas de la República Argentina y regiones adyacentes. Darwiniana 3(2): 118–302.

Burmann, J. (1768) Flora Indica. Roderic Bowen Library and Archives, Amsterdam, 241 pp.

Capdevila, M.B. (1994) A taxonomic revision of the genus Desmodium Desv. (Leguminosae) for Flora of Ecuador. M.S. Thesis. Aarhus University, Aarhus, 44 pp.

Cervi, A.C., Linsingen, L. von, Hatschbach, G. & Ribas, O.S. (2007) A vegetação do Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, município de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil. Boletim do Museu Botânico Municipal 69: 1–52.

Chodat, R.H. & Hassler, E. (1904) Desmodium Desv. Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier, ser. 2, 4(9): 889–890.

Córdula, E., Queiroz, L.P. de & Alves, M. (2009) Leguminosae. In: Alves, M., Araújo, M. de F., Maciel, J.R., & Martins, S. (eds.). Flora de Mirandiba, Associação Plantas do Nordeste, Recife, pp. 183–233.

Cuello, N. & Aymard, G. (1991) Contributiones a la flora del Estado Portuguesa, Venezuela: el genero Desmodium (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae-Desmodieae-Desmodiinae). Biollania 8: 47–59.

De Candolle, A.P. (1825) Leguminosae. Prodromus Systematics Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 2(2): 307–353.

Desvaux, N.A. (1813) Précis des caracteres de plusiers genres de la famile des Leguminseuses, plants. Journal de Botanique, Appliquée à l'Agriculture, à la Pharmacie, à la Médecine et aux Arts 2 (1): 118–125.

Dietrich, D. (1847) Synopsis Plantarum seu enumeratio systematica plantarum, volume 4. Sumtibus et typis Bernh. Frieder., Weimar, 1692 pp.

Don, G. (1832) A general history of the dichlamydeous plant, 2. Rivington, London, 875 pp.

Dubs, B. (1998) Leguminosae in Prodomus Flora Matogrossensis. Betrona Verlag, Kusnacht, 444 pp.

Duchassaing, E.P de F & Walpers, W.G. (1850) Plaiitae novae et minus cognitaein isthmo Panamensi et in insulis Guadeloupe et Sti, Tiomae collectae. Linnaea 23: 737–756.

Ducke, A. (1949) Notas sobre a flora Neotrópica II: As Leguminosas da Amazônia Brasileira. Boletim Técnico do Instituto Agronômico do Norte 18: 170–171.

Endlicher, S.F.L. (1840) Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita. F. Beck, Vindobonae, 1483 pp.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.728

ESRI (1999) ArcView 3D Analyst. Suface Creation, Visualization in Analysis.

Fabricius, P.C. (1759) Enumeratio Methodica Plantarum. Ioannis Drimbornii, Helmstadt, 239 pp.

Fairchild, D.G. (1892) Rochester code of nomenclature: Proceedings of the Botanical Club of the forty-first meeting of the A.A.A.S., Rochester, N.Y., August 18–24, 1892. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 281–297.

Fawcett, W. & Rendle, A.B. (1920) Flora of Jamaica 4: Dicotyledons. British Museum, London, 369 pp.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2760

Flores, A.S. & Rodrigues, R.S. (2010) Diversidade de Leguminosae em uma área de savana do Estado de Roraima, Brasil. Acta Botânica Brasílica 24(1): 175–183.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-33062010000100017

Font Quer, P. (1953) Diccionario de botánica. Labor S.A, Barcelona, 1244 pp.

Fosberg, F.R. & Sachet, M.O.R. (1979) A geographical checklist of the Micronesian dicotyledonae. Micronesica 15: 1–295.

Garcia, E.N. & Baseggio, J. (1999) Poder germinativo das sementes de Desmodium incanum DC. (Leguminosae). Revista Brasileira de Agrociências 5(3): 199–202.

Harris, J.G. & Harris, M.W. (1994) Plant identification terminology: an illustrated glossary. Spring Utah, Lake, 198 pp.

Heister, L. (1730) Index plantarum rariorum atque officinalium (indigenis vulgatioribus omissis). Hehnstadt, Helmstedt, 40 pp.

Hoehne, F.C. (1919) Desmodium asperum. Relatório Commissão das Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas de Matto Grosso ao Amazonas 5, Bot. pt. 8: 73–74.

Hoehne, F.C. (1920) Desmodium pabulare Hoehne. Chácaras e Quintais 21: 460.

Hoehne, F.C. (1921) Leguminosas forrageiras do Brasil 1: Meibomia, Moehr (Desmodium, Desv.). Anexos das Mem. do Instituto de Butantan, sec Bot, 1(1): 1–54.

Hoehne, F.C. (1952) Achegas para a história do nome Meibomia na taxonomia botânica. Arquivos de Botânica do estado de São Paulo 2(6): 168–170.

Hooker, W.J. & Arnott, G.A.W. (1832) The Botany of Captain Beechey's Voyage. Henry G. Bohn, London, pp. 49–96.

Huber, J.E. (1906) Materiaes para a flora amazonica. VI. Plantas vasculares colligidas e observadas no baixo Ucayali e no Pampa del Sacramento, nos mezes de outubro a dezembro de 1898. Boletim do Museo Paraense de Historia Natural e Ethnographia 4: 510–619.

Hutchinson, J. (1964) Leguminales in The genera of flowering plants. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 221–489.

IPNI. (2011) The International Plant Names Index. Available from: http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do (accessed: June 2011).

IUCN. (2001) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria Version 3.1. Available from: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/species/red_list/about_the_red_list, (accessed: August 2011).

Izaguirre, P. & Beyhaut, R. (1998) Desmodium Desv. in Las Leguminosas em Uruguay y regiones vecinas–Parte 1 Papilionoideae. Editorial Hemisfério Sur, Montevidéo, pp. 256–264.

Jacquin, N.J.B. von. (1798) Plantarum Rariorum Horti Caesarei Schoenbrunnensis Linnaeus Descriptiones et Icones 3. C.F. Wappler, Viena, 80 pp.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.332

Jarvis, C. (2008) Order out of Chaos, Linnean Plant Names and their types. The Linnean Society of London, London, 1016 pp.

Kuntze, O. (1891) Revisium generum plantarum secundum Leges Nomenclaturae Internationales cum Enumeratione Plantarum Exoticarum 1. Ducao & Co., London, 374 pp.

Lemos, R.P. de L., Mota, M.C. da S., Chagas, E.C. de O. & Silva, F.C. da. (2010) Desmodium Desv. in Checklist Flora de Alagoas: Angiospermas. Instituto do Meio Ambiente de Alagoas, Maceió, 56 pp.

Lewis, G.P. (1987) Desmodium Desv. in Legumes of Bahia. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 245–249.

Lewis, G.P. & Owen, P.E. (1989) Desmodium Desv. in Legumes of the Ilha de Maraca. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 69–72.

Lima, H.C. de, Tozzi, A.M.G.A., Fortuna-Perez, A.P., Flores, A.S., Vaz, A.M.S.F., Klitgaard, B.B., Cardoso, D.B.O.S., Filardi, F.R., Garcia, F.C.P., Lewis, G.P., Iganci, J.R.V., Meireles, J.E., Valls, J.F.M., Lima, L.C.P., Queiroz, L.P. de, Silva, M.J. da, Morim, M.P., Barros, M.J.F., Queiroz, R.T., Fortunato, R.H., Pennington, R.T., Miotto, S.T.S., Moura, T.M., Dutra, V.F., Mansano, V.F., Souza, V.C. & Scalon, V.R. (2009) Fabaceae (Leguminosae) In: Stehmann, J.R., Forzza, R.C., Salino, A., Sobral, M., Costa, D.P. da & Kamino, L.H.Y. (eds.). Plantas da Floresta Atlântica. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 259–283.

Lima, L.C.P., Vanni, R.O., Queiroz, L.P. de & Tozzi, A.M.G.A. (2012a) An overlooked new species of Desmodium (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) from Argentina. Phytotaxa 40: 55–59.

Lima, L.C.P., Queiroz, L.P. de, Tozzi, A.M.G.A. & Lewis, G.P. (2012b). (2089) Proposal to conserve the name Hedysarum incanum Sw. against H. incanum Thunb. (Leguminosae). Taxon 61: 1122–1123.

Lima, L.C.P., Oliveira, M.L.A.A. & Tozzi, A.M.G.A. (2010) Fabaceae: Desmodium. In: Forzza, R.C. & Leitman, P. (orgs.). Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos do Brasil, v. 2,. Andrea Jakobsson Estúdio, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 1029–1030.

Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species Plantarum 2. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholmiae, 1200 pp.

Loesener, T. (1923) Plantae selerianae die von Dr. Eduard Seler und Frau Caecilie Seler in Mexico und Centralamerica Gesammelten: Desmodium asperum var. michelii Schindl. In: Ulbrich, E. & Arndt, A. (eds.) Verlandlungen des Botanischen vereins der Provinz Bradenburg, v. 45. kommissions verlag von Rudolph Gaertner, Berlin, 91 pp.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.25164

Lorenzi, H. (2008) Plantas daninhas do Brasil: terrestres, aquáticas, parasitas, tóxicas e medicinais, ed 4. Plantarum, Nova Odessa, pp. 332–337.

Loureiro, J. (1790) Flora cochinchinensis. Ulyssipone, Lisbon, 744 pp.

Malme, G.O.A.N. (1922) Desmodii species in Herbario Regnelliano asservatae, Stockholm. Arkiv för Botanik 18(7): 1–20.

Malme, G.O.A.N. (1931) Die leguminosen der zweiten Regnellschen Reise. Arkiv för Botanik 23A(13): 27–29.

McNeill, J., Barrie, F.R., Burdet, H.M., Demoulin, V., Hawksworth, D.L., Marhold, K., Nicolson, D.H., Prado, J., Silva, P.C., Sckog, J.E. & Wiersema, J.H. (2006) Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Botânica (Código de Viena). Tradução: Bicudo, C.E.M. & Prado, J. Rima, São Paulo,181 pp.

McVaugh, R. (1987) Flora Novo-Glaciana. A descriptive account of the vascular plants of Western Mexico. v 5. University of Michigan Press, Michigan, 786 pp.

Medikus, F.K. (1787) Vorlesungen der Churpfälzischen physicalisch öconomischen Gesellschaft 2. Schwan und Götz, Mannheim, 840 pp.

Miller, J. (1768) Gardner Dictionary 8. The Gardener's Dictionary, ed. 8. Rivington et al., London, 228 pp.

Möhring, P.H.G. (1736) Meibomia in Primae lineae horti privati in proprium et amicorum usum per triennium exstructi. Oldenburgi, Göttingen, 65 pp.

Morong, T. & Britton, N.L. (1892) Plants collected in Paraguay. Annals of New York Academics Science 7: 82–83.

Nicolson, D.H. (1978) Illegitimate “Basionyns’’ impact on priority and author citation or, the rise of Desmodium incanum and fall of D. canum (Fabaceae). Taxon 27: 365–370.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1220378

Nobre, A.V.M., Sartori, A.L.B. & Rezende, U.M. (2008) As espécies de Desmodium Desv. (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae-Desmodieae) ocorrentes em Mato Grosso do Sul. Revista Iheringia, Série Botânica. 63(1): 37–67.

Ohashi, H. (1973) Contributions to the Flora of Asia and Pacific region: the Asiatic species of Desmodium and its allied genera (Leguminosae). Ginkgoana 1: 1–300.

Ohashi, H. (2004a) Taxonomy and Distribution of Desmodium and Related Genera (Leguminosae) in Malesia (I). Journal of Japanese Botany 79: 101–139.

Ohashi, H. (2004b) Taxonomy and Distribution of Desmodium and Related Genera (Leguminosae) in Malesia (II). Journal of Japanese Botany 79: 155–185.

Ohashi, H. (2005) Desmodieae Tribe. In: Lewis, G., Schrire, B., Mackinder, B., Lock, M. (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 433–453.

Ohashi, H. & Mill, R.R. (2000) Hylodesmum, a new name for Podocarpium (Leguminosae). Edinburgh Journal of Botany 57(2): 171–188.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600000123

Ohashi, H. & Ohashi, K. (2012) Ototropis, a genus separated from Desmodium (Leguminosae). Journal of Japanese Botany 87(2): 108–118.

Ohashi, H, Polhill, R.M. & Schubert, B.G. (1981) Desmodieae (Benth.) Hutch. In: Polhill, R.M. & Raven, P.H. (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, part 1, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 292–300.

Oliveira, M. de L.A.A. de. (1983) Estudo taxonômico do gênero Desmodium Desv. (Leguminosae, Faboideae, Desmodieae). Iheringia, Série Botânica 31: 37–104.

Oliveira, M. de L.A.A. de. (1990) Adições para o gênero Desmodium Desvaux (Leguminosae-Faboideae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Iheringia, Série Botânica 40: 77–87.

Pedley, L. (1999) Desmodium Desv. (Fabaceae) and related genera in Australia: a taxonomic revision. Austrobaileya 5(2): 209–261.

Peña-Chocarro, M.C., Espada-Mateos, C., Vera, M., Céspedes, G. & Knapp, E.S. (2010) Updated checklist of vascular plants of the Mbaracayú Forest Nature Reserve (Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú), Paraguay. Phytotaxa 12: 1–224.

Pilger, R.K.F. (1901). Beitrag zur Flora von Mattogrosso. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 30: 127–238.

Poiret, J.J.M. (1805) Encyclopedic méthodique Botanique (Lamarck) 6. Chez H. Agasse, Paris, 761 pp.

Pott, A. & Pott, V.J. (1994) Plantas do Pantanal. Embrapa, Brasília, 320 pp.

Queiroz., L.P. de. (2009) Desmodium Desv. in Leguminosas da Caatinga. Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, pp. 430–343.

Radford, A.E., Dickison, W.C., Massey, J.R. & Bell, C.R. 1974) Vascular plant systematics. Harper & Row, New York, 891 pp.

Ramela, L. & Perret, P. (2003) Editores, autores y autoridades em la obra Planta Hasslerianae de R. Chodat & E. Hassler. Candollea 58: 407–427.

Roxburgh, W. (1814) Hortus Bengalensis. Mission, Calcutta, 105 pp.

Rusby, H.H. (1927) Descriptions of new genera and species of plants collected on the Mulford Biological Exploration of the Amazon Valley, 1921–1922. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 7: 205–265.

Saint-Hilaire, J.H.J. (1812) Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences 3. Société Philomatique de Paris, Paris, 400 pp. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/99186#page/9/mode/1up

Schindler, A.K. 1924. Desmodium und Meibomia. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 20: 136–155.

Schindler, A.K. 1925. Desmodii generumque affinium species et combinationes novae. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 21: 1–22.

Schindler, A.K. (1926) Desmodii generumque affinium species et combinationes novae II. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 22: 250–288.

Schindler, A.K. (1928) Die Desmodiinen in der botanischen Literatur nach Linne. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis Beihefte 49: 1–371.

Schlechtendal, D. (1838) De plantis Mexicanis a G. Schiede, M.Dr., Car. Ehren-bergi o aliisque collectis. Linnaea 12: 201–312.

Schlechtendal, D. & Chamisso, A. von. (1830) Platarum Mexicanarum a cel. viris Schiede et Deppe Collectarum recensio brevis. Linnaea 5: 554–626.

Schubert, B.G. (1940) Desmodium: preliminary studies I. Contributions of the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 129: 30–31.

Schubert, B.G. (1941) Desmodium: preliminary studies II. Contributions of the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 136: 78–115.

Schubert, B.G. (1945) Flora of Peru: Desmodium Desv. Publications of Field Museum of Natural History 13: 413–439.

Schubert, B.G. (1952) Desmodium adscendens var. robustum. National Botanic Garden of Belgium Bulletin 22: 290.

Schubert, B.G. (1963) Desmodium: preliminary studies IV. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 44: 284–297.

Schubert, B.G. (1971) Leguminosae 3: Desmodium. In: Milne-Redhead, E. & Polhill, R.M. (eds.). Flora of Tropical East Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp. 475–477.

Schubert, B.G. (1980) Flora of Panamá: Desmodium Desv. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 67(3): 622–662.

Setubal, R.B., Lima, L.C.P. & Grings, M. (2010) Espécie campestre provavelmente extinta (Desmodium craspediferum Azevedo & Oliveira, Fabaceae) reencontrada no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Biociências 8(4): 342–348.

Tucker, S.C. (1987) Pseudoracemes in papilionoid legumes: their nature, development, and variation. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 95: 181–206.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1987.tb01996.x

Silva, R.R. (2010) Leguminosae do município de Poconé, Pantanal de Poconé, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 10(4): 1–7.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032010000400035

Soukup, J. (1968) Las leguminosas del Peru,sus generos y lista species. Biota 7(2): 53–54.

Sprengel, K.P.J. (1826). Systema vegetabilium 3. Librariae Dieterichianae, Gottingae, 936 pp.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.822

Stafleu, F.A. (1972) International code of Botanical nomenclature: Desmodium Desv. (3807) Regnum vegetabile 82: 319.

Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1979) Taxonomic literature. Regnum vegetabile v. 92.

Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. (1985) Taxonomic literature. Regnum vegetabile v. 112.

Standley, P.C. (1922) Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Fabaceae. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 23 (2): 484–487.

Standley, P.C. & Steyermark, J.A. (1946) Flora of Guatemala: Desmodium Desv. Fieldiana Botany 24: 217–242.

Standley, P.C.L. & Williams, O. (1953) Desmodium procumbens f. quinquefolium Standl. Ceiba 3(3): 224.

Standley, P.C. (1978) Flora of Barro Colorado Island Panama. Stanford University Press, California, 32 pp.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.46805

Sweet, R. (1830) Tetranema. Sweet's Hortus Britannicus: or a catalogue of plants cultivated in the gardens of Great Britain, arranged in natural orders 2: 149.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.43792

Téllez, O. (2001) Desmodium Desv. In: Stevens, W.D., Ulloa, C.U., Pool, A. & Montiel, O.M. (eds.). Flora de Nicarágua 85: Angiospermas Fabaceae-Oxalidaceae, Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Washington, pp. 990–1000.

Thiers, B. [continuously updated]. Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden's Virtual Herbarium. Available from: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih (accessed: June 2011).

Turland, N.J. & Jarvis, C.E. (1997) Typification of Linnaean Specific and Varietal Names in the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). Taxon 46: 472.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1224388

Urban, I. (1891) On Sprengel's herbarium; 12000 came to B with Karl Muller's phanerogam herbarium. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 14: 38.

Urban, I. (1900) Leguminosae novae vel minus cognitae. I. Symbolae Antillanae seu Fundamenta Florae Indiae Occidentalis 2: 257–337.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.144

Urban, I. (1905) Desmodium in Flora portoricensis. Symbolae Antillanae seu Fundamenta Florae Indiae Occidentalis 4(2): 291–292.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.144

Vail, A.M. (1892) A preliminary list of the species of the genus Meibomia Heist., occurring in the United States and British America. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 19: 108–118.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2475692

Vanni, R.O. (2001) Él género Desmodium (Leguminosae-Desmodieae) en Argentina. Darwiniana 39: 255–285.

Vellozo, J.M. da C. (1829). Florae fluminensis. A. Senefelder, Rio de Janeiro, 352 pp.

Vellozo, J.M. da C. (1831) Florae Fluminensis Icones 7. Parisiis, ex off. lithogr. Senefelder. Tabulas 148–150.

Vogel, J.R.T. (1838) De Hedysareis Brasiliae, scripsit. Linnaea 12: 51–111.

Walpers, W.G. (1843) Cyclomorium. Repertorium Botanices Systematicae 2: 890.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.7553

Wight, R. & Arnott, G.A.W. (1834). Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis 1. Parbury. Allen, & Co., London, p. 223.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.252