Mariehamn
- ️Sat Jan 01 2011
| Mariehamn | |
|---|---|
| — Town — | |
| Mariehamns stad | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mariehamn |
|
| Coordinates: 60°06′N 019°56′E / 60.1°N 19.933°ECoordinates: 60°06′N 019°56′E / 60.1°N 19.933°E | |
| Country | Finland |
| Region | Åland |
| Sub-region | Mariehamn |
| Charter | 1861 |
| Government | |
| - Town manager | Ritva Sarin-Grufberg |
| Area(2011-01-01)[1] | |
| - Total | 20.75 km2 (8 sq mi) |
| - Land | 11.79 km2 (4.6 sq mi) |
| - Water | 8.96 km2 (3.5 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 335th largest in Finland |
| Population (2011-01-31)[2] | |
| - Total | 11,186 |
| - Rank | 92nd largest in Finland |
| - Density | 948.77/km2 (2,457.3/sq mi) |
| Population by native language[3] | |
| - Swedish | 87.7% (official) |
| - Finnish | 5.8% |
| - Others | 6.5% |
| Population by age[4] | |
| - 0 to 14 | 14.8% |
| - 15 to 64 | 67.8% |
| - 65 or older | 17.4% |
| Time zone | EET (UTC+2) |
| - Summer (DST) | EEST (UTC+3) |
| Municipal tax rate[5] | 16.5% |
| Website | www.mariehamn.ax |
Mariehamn (Finnish: Maarianhamina) is the capital of Åland, an autonomous territory under Finnish sovereignty. Mariehamn is the seat of the Government and Parliament of Åland, and 40% of the population of Åland live in the city. Like all of Åland, Mariehamn is unilingually Swedish-speaking and around 88% of the inhabitants speak it as their native language.[3]
The town was named after Maria Alexandrovna, the Empress consort of Alexander II of Russia. Mariehamn was founded in 1861, around the village of Övernäs, in what was at the time part of the municipality of Jomala. The city has since expanded and incorporated more of Jomala territory. The city is located on a peninsula, and has two important harbours, one located on the western shore and one on the eastern shore. The Western Harbour is an important international harbour with daily traffic to Sweden and mainland Finland. A powerful incentive for Baltic ferries to stop at Mariehamn is that, with respect to indirect taxation, Åland is not part of the EU customs zone and so duty-free goods can be sold aboard. Mariehamn Airport is located in the neighbouring municipality of Jomala, some 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Mariehamn city centre.
The Eastern Harbour in Mariehamn.
Åland and Mariehamn have a reputable heritage in shipping. The Flying P-Liner Pommern museum ship is anchored in the Western Harbour. The Eastern Harbour features one of the largest marinas in Scandinavia. The famous Dutch steamer Jan Nieveen (now called F.P. von Knorring, after Åland teacher and vicar Frans Peter von Knorring) can also be found here.
The city is an important centre for Åland media; both of the local newspapers (Ålandstidningen and Nya Åland), several radio stations and the local TV channels (TV Åland and Åland24) operate out of the city.
Mariehamn features several buildings drawn by Finnish architect Lars Sonck, who moved to Åland as a child. Buildings drawn by him include the church of Mariehamn (1927), the main building of the Åland Maritime College (1927) and the town hall (1939). Hilda Hongell has also designed several buildings, although only a few are still standing.
Contents
Demographics
A chart on population growth.
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1987 | 9,966 |
| 1990 | 10,263 |
| 1997 | 10,408 |
| 2000 | 10,488 |
| 2002 | 10,632 |
| 2004 | 10,712 |
| 2006 | 10,824 |
| 2008 | 11,005 |
| 2009 | 11,123 |
International relations
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland
Twin towns — sister cities
Mariehamn is twinned with:[6]
References
- ^ "Area by municipality as of 1 January 2011" (in Finnish and Swedish) (PDF). Land Survey of Finland. http://www.maanmittauslaitos.fi/sites/default/files/pinta-alat_2011_kunnannimenmukaan.xls. Retrieved 9 March 2011.
- ^ "Population by municipality as of 31 January 2011" (in Finnish and Swedish). Population Information System. Population Register Center of Finland. http://vrk.fi/default.aspx?docid=4258&site=3&id=0. Retrieved 18 February 2011.
- ^ a b "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. http://pxweb2.stat.fi/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=060_vaerak_tau_107_fi&ti=V%E4est%F6+kielen+mukaan+sek%E4+ulkomaan+kansalaisten+m%E4%E4r%E4+ja+maa%2Dpinta%2Dala+alueittain++1980+%2D+2008&path=../Database/StatFin/vrm/vaerak/&lang=3&multilang=fi. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ "Population according to age and gender by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. http://pxweb2.stat.fi/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=050_vaerak_tau_104_fi&ti=V%E4est%F6+i%E4n+%281%2Dv%2E%29+ja+sukupuolen+mukaan+alueittain+1980+%2D+2008&path=../Database/StatFin/vrm/vaerak/&lang=3&multilang=fi. Retrieved 28 April 2009.
- ^ "List of municipal and parish tax rates in 2011". Tax Administration of Finland. 29 November 2010. http://www.vero.fi/nc/doc/download.asp?id=7996;193801. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
- ^ Mariehamns stads vänorter. Accessed May 27, 2008
