Diffuse esophageal spasm

Diffuse esophageal spasm

Diffuse esophageal spasm
Classification and external resources
ICD-9	530.5
DiseasesDB	32060
MedlinePlus	000289
eMedicine	med/743
MeSH	D015155

Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) is a condition in which uncoordinated contractions of the esophagus occur. It is thought to result from motility disorders of the esophagus. These spasms do not propel food effectively to the stomach. It can cause dysphagia, regurgitation and chest pain.

Treatment

Several drugs, including nitroglycerin and calcium channel blockers are used to treat this condition. Botulinum toxin, which inhibits acetylcholine release from nerve endings, may also be used in the treatment of DES by injections above the lower esophageal sphincter (although effects are temporary). Additionally, endoscopic balloon dilation has also been shown to improve symptoms of DES in small studies.^[1]

Causes

It has been reported that very cold or hot beverages can trigger an esophageal spasm. Contrary, rapid swallowing of a liquid often provides immediate relief.

Radiography

Corkscrew appearance of the esophagus.

The condition is sometimes referred to as corkscrew esophagus, due to a characteristic appearance of the esophagus as a corkscrew on barium swallow x-rays.

See also

• Nutcracker esophagus

References

1. ^ http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/174975-treatment

External links

• Barium swallow images of DES^{[dead link]}

v · d · eDigestive system · Digestive disease · Gastroenterology (primarily K20–K93, 530–579)
Upper GI tract	Esophagus Esophagitis (Candidal, Herpetiform) · rupture (Boerhaave syndrome, Mallory-Weiss syndrome) · UES (Zenker's diverticulum) · LES (Barrett's esophagus) · Esophageal motility disorder (Nutcracker esophagus, Achalasia, Diffuse esophageal spasm, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)) · Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) · Esophageal stricture · Megaesophagus Stomach Gastritis (Atrophic, Ménétrier's disease, Gastroenteritis) · Peptic (gastric) ulcer (Cushing ulcer, Dieulafoy's lesion) · Dyspepsia · Pyloric stenosis · Achlorhydria · Gastroparesis · Gastroptosis · Portal hypertensive gastropathy · Gastric antral vascular ectasia · Gastric dumping syndrome · Gastric volvulus
Lower GI tract: Intestinal/ enteropathy	Small intestine/ (duodenum/jejunum/ileum) Enteritis (Duodenitis, Jejunitis, Ileitis) — Peptic (duodenal) ulcer (Curling's ulcer) — Malabsorption: Coeliac · Tropical sprue · Blind loop syndrome · small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome  · Whipple's · Short bowel syndrome · Steatorrhea · Milroy disease · bile acid malabsorption Large intestine (appendix/colon) Appendicitis · Colitis (Pseudomembranous, Ulcerative, Ischemic, Microscopic, Collagenous, Lymphocytic) · Functional colonic disease (IBS, Intestinal pseudoobstruction/Ogilvie syndrome) — Megacolon/Toxic megacolon · Diverticulitis/Diverticulosis Large and/or small Enterocolitis (Necrotizing) · IBD (Crohn's disease) — vascular: Abdominal angina · Mesenteric ischemia · Angiodysplasia — Bowel obstruction: Ileus · Intussusception · Volvulus · Fecal impaction — Constipation · Diarrhea (Infectious) · Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis (Radiation proctitis) · Proctalgia fugax · Rectal prolapse · Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure/Anal fistula · Anal abscess  · Anal dysplasia  · Pruritus ani
GI bleeding/BIS	Upper (Hematemesis, Melena) · Lower (Hematochezia)
Accessory	Liver Hepatitis (Viral hepatitis, Autoimmune hepatitis, Alcoholic hepatitis) · Cirrhosis (PBC) · Fatty liver (NASH) · vascular (Budd-Chiari syndrome, Hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Portal hypertension, Nutmeg liver) · Alcoholic liver disease · Liver failure (Hepatic encephalopathy, Acute liver failure) · Liver abscess (Pyogenic, Amoebic) · Hepatorenal syndrome · Peliosis hepatis Gallbladder Cholecystitis · Gallstones/Cholecystolithiasis · Cholesterolosis · Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses · Postcholecystectomy syndrome · Porcelain gallbladder Bile duct/ other biliary tree Cholangitis (PSC, Secondary sclerosing cholangitis, Ascending) · Cholestasis/Mirizzi's syndrome · Biliary fistula · Haemobilia · Gallstones/Cholelithiasis common bile duct (Choledocholithiasis, Biliary dyskinesia) · Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Pancreatic Pancreatitis (Acute, Chronic, Hereditary, Pancreatic abscess) · Pancreatic pseudocyst · Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency · Pancreatic fistula
Abdominopelvic	Hernia Diaphragmatic (Congenital) · Hiatus Inguinal (Indirect, Direct) · Umbilical · Femoral · Obturator · Spigelian lumbar (Petit's, Grynfeltt-Lesshaft) undefined location (Incisional · Internal hernia) Peritoneal Peritonitis (Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis) · Hemoperitoneum · Pneumoperitoneum
M: DIG anat(t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon proc, drug(A2A/2B/3/4/5/6/7/14/16), blte

Categories:

• Esophagus disorders
• Disease stubs

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