GNU Core Utilities

The list spans the programs from coreutils 7.0. File Utilities chcon Change file security context (SELinux) chgrp Changes file group ownership chown Changes file ownership chmod Changes the permissions of a file or directory cp Copies a file or directory dd Copies and converts a file df Shows disk free space on filesystems dir Is exactly like "ls -C -b". (Files are by default listed in columns and sorted vertically.) dircolors Setup color for ls install Copies files and set attributes ln Creates a link to a file ls Lists the files in a directory mkdir Creates a directory mkfifo Makes named pipes (FIFOs) mknod Makes block or character special files mktemp Create a temporary file or directory mv Moves files or rename files rm Removes (deletes) files rmdir Removes empty directories shred Overwrites a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it sync Flushes file system buffers touch Changes file timestamps truncate Shrink or extend the size of a file to the specifed size vdir Is exactly like "ls -l -b". (Files are by default listed in long format.) Text utilities base64 base64 encode/decode data and print to standard output cat Concatenates and prints files on the standard output cksum Checksums and count the bytes in a file comm Compares two sorted files line by line csplit Splits a file into sections determined by context lines cut Removes sections from each line of files expand Converts tabs to spaces fmt Simple optimal text formatter fold Wraps each input line to fit in specified width head Outputs the first part of files join Joins lines of two files on a common field md5sum Computes and checks MD5 message digest nl Numbers lines of files od Dumps files in octal and other formats paste Merges lines of files ptx Produces a permuted index of file contents pr Converts text files for printing sha1sum,
sha224sum,
sha256sum,
sha384sum,
sha512sum Computes and checks SHA-1, SHA-224/256/384/512 message digest shuf generate random permutations sort sort lines of text files split split a file into pieces sum Checksums and counts the blocks in a file tac Concatenates and prints files in reverse tail Outputs the last part of files tr Translates or deletes characters tsort Performs a topological sort unexpand Converts spaces to tabs uniq Removes duplicate lines from a sorted file wc Prints the number of bytes, words, and lines in files Shell utilities arch print machine hardware name (same as uname -m) basename Removes the path prefix from a given pathname chroot Changes the root directory date Prints/sets the system date and time dirname Strips non-directory suffix from file name du Shows disk usage on file systems echo Displays a specified line of text env Displays and modifies environment variables expr Evaluates expressions factor Factors numbers false Does nothing, but exits unsuccessfully groups Prints the groups of which the user is a member hostid Prints the numeric identifier for the current host id Prints real/effective UID and GID link Creates a link to a file logname Print the user's login name nice Modifies scheduling priority nohup Allows a command to continue running after logging out pathchk Checks whether file names are valid or portable pinky A lightweight version of finger printenv Prints environment variables printf Formats and prints data pwd Prints the current working directory readlink Displays value of a symbolic link runcon Run command with specified security context seq Prints a sequence of numbers sleep Delays for a specified amount of time stat Returns useful data about an inode stty Changes and prints terminal line settings su Run a shell or command with substitute user and group IDs tee Sends output to multiple files test Evaluates an expression timeout Run a command with a time limit true Does nothing, but exits successfully tty Prints terminal name uname Prints system information unlink Removes the specified file using the unlink function uptime Tell how long the system has been running users Prints the user names of users currently logged in to the current host who Prints a list of all users currently logged in. whoami Prints the effective userid yes Prints a string repeatedly Other Utilities [ A synonym for test, this program permits expressions like [ expression ]. System Utilities