1281, the Glossary
Year 1281 (MCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.[1]
Table of Contents
143 relations: Abaqa Khan, Agnes of Austria (1281–1364), Aleppo, Alfonso Fernández el Niño, Alfonso X of Castile, Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln, Anatolia, Anna of Hungary (Byzantine empress), Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, Árpád dynasty, Battle of Kōan, Berat, Bey, Bruno von Schauenburg, Carrick-on-Suir, Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli, Catholic Church, Central Asia, Chabi, Charles I of Anjou, Common year starting on Wednesday, Conrad of Mure, Constance of Greater Poland, Constantinople, County of Flanders, Crusades, Damascus, Daozang, Dündar Bey, Ertuğrul, Euphrates, Gaziantep, Gertrude of Hohenberg, Giovanni Dandolo, Granada, Guy, Count of Flanders, Hamdallah Mustawfi, Haripuñjaya, Henry V, Count of Luxembourg, Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, House of Habsburg, Hugh of Sully, Interdict, Joan Butler, Countess of Carrick, John Harington, 1st Baron Harington, John II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos, John Stonor (judge), Julian calendar, Kamikaze (typhoon), ... Expand index (93 more) »
Abaqa Khan
Abaqa Khan (27 February 1234 – 4 April 1282, ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ (Traditional script), "paternal uncle", also transliterated Abaġa), was the second Mongol ruler (Ilkhan) of the Ilkhanate.
Agnes of Austria (1281–1364)
Agnes of Austria (18 May 1281 – 10 June 1364) was Queen of Hungary by marriage to Andrew III of Hungary.
See 1281 and Agnes of Austria (1281–1364)
Aleppo
Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.
See 1281 and Aleppo
Alfonso Fernández el Niño
Alfonso Fernández el Niño (1243–1281) was a Spanish nobleman, the illegitimate son of King Alfonso X of Castile and Elvira Rodríguez de Villada.
See 1281 and Alfonso Fernández el Niño
Alfonso X of Castile
Alfonso X (also known as the Wise, el Sabio; 23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284) was King of Castile, León and Galicia from 1 June 1252 until his death in 1284.
See 1281 and Alfonso X of Castile
Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln
Alice de Lacy, suo jure Countess of Lincoln, suo jure 5th Countess of Salisbury (25 December 1281 – 2 October 1348) was an English peeress.
See 1281 and Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln
Anatolia
Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.
Anna of Hungary (Byzantine empress)
Anna of Hungary (1260–1281) was a Princess of Hungary and Croatia, and a Byzantine Empress by marriage to Andronikos II Palaiologos.
See 1281 and Anna of Hungary (Byzantine empress)
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
The Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (Middle Armenian: Կիլիկիոյ Հայոց Թագաւորութիւն), also known as Cilician Armenia (Կիլիկեան Հայաստան,, Հայկական Կիլիկիա), Lesser Armenia, Little Armenia or New Armenia, and formerly known as the Armenian Principality of Cilicia (Կիլիկիայի հայկական իշխանութիւն), was an Armenian state formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Seljuk invasion of Armenia.
See 1281 and Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
Árpád dynasty
The Árpád dynasty consisted of the members of the royal House of Árpád, also known as Árpáds (Árpádok, Arpadovići).
Battle of Kōan
The, also known as the Second Battle of Hakata Bay, was the second attempt by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China to invade Japan after their failed attempt seven years earlier at the Battle of Bun'ei.
Berat
Berat (Berati) is the ninth most populous city of Albania and the seat of Berat County and Berat Municipality.
See 1281 and Berat
Bey
Bey, also spelled as Baig, Bayg, Beigh, Beig, Bek, Baeg or Beg, is a Turkic title for a chieftain, and an honorific title traditionally applied to people with special lineages to the leaders or rulers of variously sized areas in the numerous Turkic kingdoms, emirates, sultanates and empires in Central Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East, such as the Ottomans, Timurids or the various khanates and emirates in Central Asia and the Eurasian Steppe.
See 1281 and Bey
Bruno von Schauenburg
Bruno von Schauenburg (also known as Bruno Olomucensis; 1205 – 1 or 17 February 1281 in Kroměříž) was a nobleman and Catholic priest of German descent, bishop of Olomouc in 1245–1281.
See 1281 and Bruno von Schauenburg
Carrick-on-Suir
Carrick-on-Suir is a town in County Tipperary, Ireland.
Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli
Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli (1281 – 3 September 1328) was an Italian condottiero and duke of Lucca.
See 1281 and Castruccio Castracani degli Antelminelli
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
Chabi
Chabi (1216–1281) was a Khongirad empress consort of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China, married to Kublai Khan (Emperor Shizu).
See 1281 and Chabi
Charles I of Anjou
Charles I (early 1226/12277 January 1285), commonly called Charles of Anjou or Charles d'Anjou, was a member of the royal Capetian dynasty and the founder of the second House of Anjou.
See 1281 and Charles I of Anjou
Common year starting on Wednesday
A common year starting on Wednesday is any non-leap year (a year with 365 days) that begins on Wednesday, 1 January, and ends on Wednesday, 31 December.
See 1281 and Common year starting on Wednesday
Conrad of Mure
Conrad of Mure, also often referred to as Conrad of Muri (c. 1210 – 30 March 1281), was rector of the diocesan school attached to the Zurich Minster and author of a number of important treatises on rhetoric and poetry.
Constance of Greater Poland
Constance of Greater Poland (also known as of Poznań) (Konstancja wielkopolska (poznańska)) (1245/46 – 8 October 1281) was a princess of Greater Poland, a member of the House of Piast, and by marriage a Margravine of Brandenburg–Stendal.
See 1281 and Constance of Greater Poland
Constantinople
Constantinople (see other names) became the capital of the Roman Empire during the reign of Constantine the Great in 330.
County of Flanders
The County of Flanders was one of the most powerful political entities in the medieval Low Countries, located on the North Sea coast of what is now Belgium.
See 1281 and County of Flanders
Crusades
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.
Damascus
Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.
Daozang
The Daozang is a large canon of Taoist writings, consisting of around 1,400 texts that were seen as continuing traditions first embodied by the Daodejing, Zhuangzi, and Liezi.
See 1281 and Daozang
Dündar Bey
Dündar Bey was the youngest son of the Kayı Bey Suleyman Shah or Gündüz Alp and the younger brother of Ertuğrul (13th century).
Ertuğrul
Ertuğrul or Ertuğrul Ghazi (Erṭoġrıl; Ärtogrul Gazy; died) was a 13th-century bey, who was the father of Osman I. Little is known about Ertuğrul's life.
Euphrates
The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
Gaziantep
Gaziantep, historically Aintab and still informally called Antep, is a major city in south-central Turkey.
Gertrude of Hohenberg
Gertrude Anne of Hohenberg (– 16 February 1281) was German queen from 1273 until her death, by her marriage with King Rudolf I of Germany.
See 1281 and Gertrude of Hohenberg
Giovanni Dandolo
Giovanni Dandolo was the 48th Doge of Venice, elected late in his life on 31 March 1280.
Granada
Granada is the capital city of the province of Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia, Spain.
See 1281 and Granada
Guy, Count of Flanders
Guy of Dampierre (Gui de Dampierre; Gwijde van Dampierre) (– 7 March 1305, Compiègne) was the Count of Flanders (1251–1305) and Marquis of Namur (1264–1305).
See 1281 and Guy, Count of Flanders
Hamdallah Mustawfi
Hamdallah Mustawfi Qazvini (Ḥamdallāh Mustawfī Qazvīnī; 1281 – after 1339/40) was a Persian official, historian, geographer and poet.
See 1281 and Hamdallah Mustawfi
Haripuñjaya
Haripuñjaya (Central and Northern Thai: หริภุญชัย, also spelled Haribhuñjaya) was a Mon kingdom in what is now Northern Thailand, existing from the 7th or 8th to 13th century CE.
Henry V, Count of Luxembourg
Henry V the Blondell (1216 – 24 December 1281), called the Great, was the Count of Arlon from 1226 to his death, lord of Ligny from 1240 to his death, Count of Luxembourg and Laroche from 1247 to his death, and the Marquis of Namur between 1256 and 1264 as Henry III.
See 1281 and Henry V, Count of Luxembourg
Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster (– 22 September 1345) was a grandson of King Henry III of England (1216–1272) and was one of the principals behind the deposition of King Edward II (1307–1327), his first cousin.
See 1281 and Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
House of Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.
See 1281 and House of Habsburg
Hugh of Sully
Hugh of Sully (Hugues de Sully) was a general under the Sicilian King Charles of Anjou.
Interdict
In Catholic canon law, an interdict is an ecclesiastical censure, or ban that prohibits certain persons or groups from participating in particular rites, or that the rites and services of the church are prohibited in certain territories for a limited or extended time.
Joan Butler, Countess of Carrick
Joan Butler (née FitzGerald), Countess of Carrick (1281 – 2 May 1320) was an Irish noblewoman, and the wife of Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick, Justiciar of Ireland (1268 – 13 September 1321).
See 1281 and Joan Butler, Countess of Carrick
John Harington, 1st Baron Harington
John Harington, 1st Baron Harington (1281–1347) of Aldingham in Furness, Lancashire, was an English peer, created Baron Harington by writ of summons to Parliament dated 1326.
See 1281 and John Harington, 1st Baron Harington
John II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal
John II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal (1237 – 10 September 1281) was co-ruler of Brandenburg with his brother Otto "with the arrow" from 1266 until his death.
See 1281 and John II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal
John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos
John of Castile, called the "el de Tarifa" (Juan de Castilla "el de Tarifa"; 1262–25 June 1319) was an infante of Castile and León.
See 1281 and John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos
John Stonor (judge)
Sir John Stonor SL (1281–1354) was an English judge and the first notable member of the influential Stonor family.
See 1281 and John Stonor (judge)
Julian calendar
The Julian calendar is a solar calendar of 365 days in every year with an additional leap day every fourth year (without exception).
Kamikaze (typhoon)
The kamikaze (神風) were two winds or storms that are said to have saved Japan from two Mongol fleets under Kublai Khan.
See 1281 and Kamikaze (typhoon)
Kaninë
Kaninë is a settlement in the Vlorë County, southwestern Albania.
See 1281 and Kaninë
Külüg Khan
Külüg Khan (Mongolian: Хүлэг; Mongolian script), born Khayishan (Mongolian: Хайсан;, Хайсан, meaning "wall"), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Wuzong of Yuan (August 4, 1281 – January 27, 1311), was an emperor of the Yuan dynasty of China.
Kingdom of Bohemia
The Kingdom of Bohemia (České království), sometimes referenced in English literature as the Czech Kingdom, was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe.
See 1281 and Kingdom of Bohemia
Kingdom of Germany
The Kingdom of Germany or German Kingdom (regnum Teutonicorum 'kingdom of the Germans', regnum Teutonicum 'German kingdom', regnum Alamanie "kingdom of Germany") was the mostly Germanic language-speaking East Frankish kingdom, which was formed by the Treaty of Verdun in 843.
See 1281 and Kingdom of Germany
Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)
The high-medieval Kingdom of Hungary was a regional power in central Europe.
See 1281 and Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)
Kingdom of Naples
The Kingdom of Naples (Regnum Neapolitanum; Regno di Napoli; Regno 'e Napule), was a state that ruled the part of the Italian Peninsula south of the Papal States between 1282 and 1816.
See 1281 and Kingdom of Naples
Kingdom of Sicily
The Kingdom of Sicily (Regnum Siciliae; Regno di Sicilia; Regnu di Sicilia) was a state that existed in Sicily and the south of the Italian Peninsula plus, for a time, in Northern Africa from its founding by Roger II of Sicily in 1130 until 1816.
See 1281 and Kingdom of Sicily
Knights Hospitaller
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller, is a Catholic military order.
See 1281 and Knights Hospitaller
Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan (23 September 1215 – 18 February 1294), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizu of Yuan and his regnal name Setsen Khan, was the founder and first emperor of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty of China.
Lamphun
Lamphun (ลำพูน) is a town (thesaban mueang) in northern Thailand, capital of Lamphun Province.
See 1281 and Lamphun
Lan Na
The Lan Na Kingdom or The Kingdom of Lanna (ᩋᩣᨱᩣᨧᩢᨠ᩠ᨠ᩼ᩃ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨶᨶᩣ,, "Kingdom of a Million Rice Fields"; อาณาจักรล้านนา), also known as Lannathai, and most commonly called Lanna or Lanna Kingdom, was an Indianized state centered in present-day Northern Thailand from the 13th to 18th centuries.
See 1281 and Lan Na
Latin Empire
The Latin Empire, also referred to as the Latin Empire of Constantinople, was a feudal Crusader state founded by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade on lands captured from the Byzantine Empire.
Leo II, King of Armenia
Leo II or Leon II (occasionally numbered Leo III;, Levon II; c. 1236 – 1289) was king of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, ruling from 1269Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV, p. 634/1270 to 1289.
See 1281 and Leo II, King of Armenia
Luxembourg
Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxemburg; Luxembourg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a small landlocked country in Western Europe.
Mamluk Sultanate
The Mamluk Sultanate (translit), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries.
Mangrai
Mangrai (ᨾᩢ᩠ᨦᩁᩣ᩠ᨿ; มังราย; 1238–1311) was the 25th king of Ngoenyang (r. 1261–1292) and the first king of Lanna (r. 1292–1311).
See 1281 and Mangrai
Margraviate of Brandenburg
The Margraviate of Brandenburg (Markgrafschaft Brandenburg) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1157 to 1806 that played a pivotal role in the history of Germany and Central Europe.
See 1281 and Margraviate of Brandenburg
Maurice de Berkeley
Sir Maurice de Berkeley "the Resolute" (1218 – 4 April 1281), 5th (feudal) Baron de Berkeley, was an Anglo-Norman soldier and rebel, residing at Berkeley Castle in the English county of Gloucestershire.
See 1281 and Maurice de Berkeley
Möngke Temür (Ilkhanate)
Möngke Temür or Tash Möngke was one of the sons of il-khan Hulagu.
See 1281 and Möngke Temür (Ilkhanate)
Michael Tarchaneiotes
Michael Palaiologos Tarchaneiotes (Μιχαήλ Παλαιολόγος Ταρχανειώτης) was a Byzantine aristocrat and general, active against the Turks in Asia Minor and against the Angevins in the Balkans from 1278 until his death from disease in 1284.
See 1281 and Michael Tarchaneiotes
Michael VIII Palaiologos
Michael VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Mikhaēl Doukas Angelos Komnēnos Palaiologos; 1224 – 11 December 1282) reigned as Byzantine emperor from 1261 until his death in 1282, and previously as the co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea from 1259 to 1261.
See 1281 and Michael VIII Palaiologos
Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
Mon people
The Mon (ဂကူမန်; Thai Mon.
Mongol invasions of Japan
Major military efforts were taken by Kublai Khan of the Yuan dynasty in 1274 and 1281 to conquer the Japanese archipelago after the submission of the Korean kingdom of Goryeo to vassaldom.
See 1281 and Mongol invasions of Japan
Muhammad II of Granada
Muhammad II (also known by the epithet al-Faqih, "the canon-lawyer", – 8 April 1302; reigned from 1273 until his death) was the second Nasrid ruler of the Emirate of Granada in Al-Andalus on the Iberian Peninsula, succeeding his father, Muhammad I. Already experienced in matters of state when he ascended the throne, he continued his father's policy of maintaining independence in the face of Granada's larger neighbours, the Christian kingdom of Castile and the Muslim Marinid state of Morocco, as well as an internal rebellion by his family's former allies, the Banu Ashqilula.
See 1281 and Muhammad II of Granada
Naples
Naples (Napoli; Napule) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's administrative limits as of 2022.
See 1281 and Naples
Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha
Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha (محمود اوغلى نظامالدين أحمد پاشا) was an Ottoman statesman.
See 1281 and Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha
Nobility
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy.
Orhan
Orhan Ghazi (اورخان غازی; Orhan Gazi, also spelled Orkhan; died 1362) was the second sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1323/4 to 1362.
See 1281 and Orhan
Orontes River
The Orontes (from Ancient Greek Ὀρόντης) or Nahr al-ʿĀṣī, or simply Asi (translit,; Asi) is a long river in Western Asia that begins in Lebanon, flowing northwards through Syria before entering the Mediterranean Sea near Samandağ in Hatay Province, Turkey.
Orvieto
Orvieto is a city and comune in the Province of Terni, southwestern Umbria, Italy, situated on the flat summit of a large butte of volcanic tuff.
See 1281 and Orvieto
Orvieto and the popes
Orvieto, Umbria, Italy, was the refuge of five popes during the 13th century: Urban IV (1261–1264), Gregory X (1271–1276), Martin IV (1281–1285), Nicholas IV (1288–1292) and Boniface VIII (1294–1303).
See 1281 and Orvieto and the popes
Osman I
Osman I or Osman Ghazi (translit; I. or Osman Gazi; died 1323/4) was the founder of the Ottoman Empire (first known as the Ottoman Beylik or Emirate).
See 1281 and Osman I
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
Peter of Castile, Lord of Ledesma
Peter of Castile (June 1260, in Seville – 10 October 1283, in Ledesma), was an infante of Castile.
See 1281 and Peter of Castile, Lord of Ledesma
Philip I, Latin Emperor
Philip, also Philip of Courtenay (1243 – 15 December 1283), held the title of Latin Emperor of Constantinople from 1273–1283, although Constantinople had been reinstated since 1261 to the Byzantine Empire; he lived in exile and only held authority over Crusader States in Greece.
See 1281 and Philip I, Latin Emperor
Pope Martin IV
Pope Martin IV (Martinus IV; c. 1210/1220 – 28 March 1285), born Simon de Brion, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1281 to his death on 28 March 1285.
Pope Nicholas III
Pope Nicholas III (Nicolaus III; c. 1225 – 22 August 1280), born Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 November 1277 to his death on 22 August 1280.
See 1281 and Pope Nicholas III
Provence
Provence is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which extends from the left bank of the lower Rhône to the west to the Italian border to the east; it is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south.
Qalawun
(قلاوون الصالحي, – November 10, 1290) was the seventh Turkic Bahri Mamluk Sultan of Egypt; he ruled from 1279 to 1290.
See 1281 and Qalawun
Regent
In a monarchy, a regent is a person appointed to govern a state for the time being because the actual monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge their powers and duties, or the throne is vacant and a new monarch has not yet been determined.
See 1281 and Regent
Reinhard I, Lord of Hanau
Reinhard I, Lord of Hanau (– 20 September 1281; first mentioned in 1243) is the ancestor of the House of Hanau.
See 1281 and Reinhard I, Lord of Hanau
Republic of Venice
The Republic of Venice, traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and maritime republic with its capital in Venice.
See 1281 and Republic of Venice
Richard Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Codnor
Richard Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Codnor (died 1335), of Codnor Castle, was an English soldier and diplomat.
See 1281 and Richard Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Codnor
Roman numerals
Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages.
Rudolf I of Bohemia
Rudolf I (– 3/4 July 1307), also known as Rudolf of Habsburg, was a member of the House of Habsburg, the King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland from 1306 until his death.
See 1281 and Rudolf I of Bohemia
Sancho IV of Castile
Sancho IV of Castile (12 May 1258 – 25 April 1295) called the Brave (el Bravo), was the king of Castile, León and Galicia (now parts of Spain) from 1284 to his death.
See 1281 and Sancho IV of Castile
Sancia of Majorca
Sancia of Majorca (c. 1281 – 28 July 1345), also known as Sancha, was Queen of Naples from 1309 until 1343 as the wife of Robert the Wise.
See 1281 and Sancia of Majorca
Söğüt
Söğüt is a town in Bilecik Province, Turkey.
See 1281 and Söğüt
Second Battle of Homs
The Second Battle of Homs was fought in western Syria on 29 October 1281, between the armies of the Mamluk dynasty of Egypt and the Ilkhanate, a division of the Mongol Empire centered on Iran. The battle was part of Abaqa Khan's attempt at taking Syria from the Egyptians.
See 1281 and Second Battle of Homs
Sheikh Yusof Sarvestani
Sheikh Yusof bin Ya'qub Sarvestani (شیخ یوسف بن یعقوب سروستانی) (died 1281 AD) was an astronomer, calligrapher and philosopher of Iranian Sunnis in the Ilkhanate period.
See 1281 and Sheikh Yusof Sarvestani
Siege of Berat (1280–1281)
The siege of Berat in Albania by the forces of the Angevin Kingdom of Sicily against the Byzantine garrison of the city took place in 1280–1281.
See 1281 and Siege of Berat (1280–1281)
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.
Stendal
The Hanseatic City of Stendal is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
See 1281 and Stendal
Steven Runciman
Sir James Cochran Stevenson Runciman (7 July 1903 – 1 November 2000), known as Steven Runciman, was an English historian best known for his three-volume A History of the Crusades (1951–54).
Sultanate of Rum
The Sultanate of Rûm was a culturally Turco-Persian Sunni Muslim state, established over conquered Byzantine territories and peoples (Rûm) of Anatolia by the Seljuk Turks following their entry into Anatolia after the Battle of Manzikert (1071).
Syria
Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in West Asia located in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Levant.
See 1281 and Syria
Taoism
Taoism or Daoism is a diverse philosophical and religious tradition indigenous to China, emphasizing harmony with the Tao—generally understood as an impersonal, enigmatic process of transformation ultimately underlying reality.
See 1281 and Taoism
Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and historically known as Siam (the official name until 1939), is a country in Southeast Asia on the Indochinese Peninsula.
Treaty of Orvieto
The Treaty of Orvieto was an agreement made in 1281 between Charles I of Sicily, Giovanni Dandolo, Doge of Venice, and Philip of Courtenay, titular Latin Emperor, for recovery of the Latin Empire, with the blessing of the Papacy.
See 1281 and Treaty of Orvieto
Typhoon
A typhoon is a tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere and which produces sustained hurricane-force winds of at least.
See 1281 and Typhoon
Viterbo
Viterbo (Viterbese: Veterbe; Viterbium) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Lazio region of Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo.
See 1281 and Viterbo
Vjosa
The Vjosa (indefinite form: Vjosë) or Aoös (Αώος) is a river in northwestern Greece and southwestern Albania.
See 1281 and Vjosa
Vladimir, Russia
Vladimir (Влади́мир) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, east of Moscow.
Vlorë
Vlorë (Vlora) is the third most populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Vlorë County and Vlorë Municipality.
See 1281 and Vlorë
Xu Heng
Xu Heng (1209–1281) was a Confucianist and educator of the Yuan Dynasty in China.
See 1281 and Xu Heng
Yury of Moscow
Yury (Georgy) Danilovich (Юрий (Георгий) Данилович; 1281 – 21 November 1325) was Prince of Moscow from 1303 to 1325 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1318 to 1322.
Zhu Shizhen
Zhu Shizhen (1281–1344), born Zhu Wusi, was the father of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming dynasty.
1198
Year 1198 (MCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1198
1209
Year 1209 (MCCIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1209
1210
Year 1210 (MCCX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1210
1216
Year 1216(MCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1216
1218
Year 1218 (MCCXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1218
1225
Year 1225 (MCCXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1225
1237
Year 1237 (MCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1237
1243
Year 1243 (MCCXLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1243
1245
Year 1245 (MCCXLV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1245
1260
Year 1260 (MCCLX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1260
1307
Year 1307 (MCCCVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1307
1311
Year 1311 (MCCCXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1311
1320
Year 1320 (MCCCXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1320
1325
Year 1325 (MCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1325
1328
Year 1328 (MCCCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1328
1335
Year 1335 (MCCCXXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1335
1340
Year 1340 (MCCCXL) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1340
1344
Year 1344 (MCCCXLIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1344
1345
Year 1345 (MCCCXLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1345
1347
Year 1347 (MCCCXLVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar.
See 1281 and 1347
1348
Year 1348 (MCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, the 1348th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 348th year of the 2nd millennium, the 48th year of the 14th century, and the 9th and pre-final year of the 1340s decade.
See 1281 and 1348
1354
Year 1354 (MCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1354
1362
Year 1362 (MCCCLXII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1362
1364
Year 1364 (MCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1364
1380
Year 1380 (MCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
See 1281 and 1380
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1281
Also known as 1281 (year), 1281 AD, 1281 CE, 1281 births, 1281 deaths, 1281 events, AD 1281, Births in 1281, Deaths in 1281, Events in 1281, Year 1281.
, Kaninë, Külüg Khan, Kingdom of Bohemia, Kingdom of Germany, Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301), Kingdom of Naples, Kingdom of Sicily, Knights Hospitaller, Kublai Khan, Lamphun, Lan Na, Latin Empire, Leo II, King of Armenia, Luxembourg, Mamluk Sultanate, Mangrai, Margraviate of Brandenburg, Maurice de Berkeley, Möngke Temür (Ilkhanate), Michael Tarchaneiotes, Michael VIII Palaiologos, Ming dynasty, Mon people, Mongol invasions of Japan, Muhammad II of Granada, Naples, Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha, Nobility, Orhan, Orontes River, Orvieto, Orvieto and the popes, Osman I, Ottoman Empire, Peter of Castile, Lord of Ledesma, Philip I, Latin Emperor, Pope Martin IV, Pope Nicholas III, Provence, Qalawun, Regent, Reinhard I, Lord of Hanau, Republic of Venice, Richard Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Codnor, Roman numerals, Rudolf I of Bohemia, Sancho IV of Castile, Sancia of Majorca, Söğüt, Second Battle of Homs, Sheikh Yusof Sarvestani, Siege of Berat (1280–1281), Southeast Asia, Stendal, Steven Runciman, Sultanate of Rum, Syria, Taoism, Thailand, Treaty of Orvieto, Typhoon, Viterbo, Vjosa, Vladimir, Russia, Vlorë, Xu Heng, Yury of Moscow, Zhu Shizhen, 1198, 1209, 1210, 1216, 1218, 1225, 1237, 1243, 1245, 1260, 1307, 1311, 1320, 1325, 1328, 1335, 1340, 1344, 1345, 1347, 1348, 1354, 1362, 1364, 1380.