18-electron rule, the Glossary
The 18-electron rule is a chemical rule of thumb used primarily for predicting and rationalizing formulas for stable transition metal complexes, especially organometallic compounds.[1]
Table of Contents
68 relations: Agostic interaction, Alkene, Alkoxide, Atomic orbital, Basis set (chemistry), Butyl group, Carbonyl group, Catalysis, Catalytic cycle, Chelation, Chemical Reviews, Chemical Society Reviews, Chemistry, Chromium hexacarbonyl, Cobaltocene, Cyclopentadiene, Dissociative substitution, Electron, Electron configuration, Ferrocene, Ferrocyanide, Fluoride, Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride, Hydroformylation, Hydrogenation, Iron pentacarbonyl, Irving Langmuir, Journal of Chemical Education, Journal of Computational Chemistry, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Ligand, Ligand field theory, Metal nitrido complex, Metal-phosphine complex, Molecular orbital, Molybdenum hexacarbonyl, Monsanto process, Natural bond orbital, Nickel tetracarbonyl, Nickelocene, Noble gas, Non-bonding orbital, Octahedral molecular geometry, Organometallic chemistry, Oxidation state, Oxygen, Pentamethylcyclopentadiene, Pentyl group, Period (periodic table), Pi backbonding, ... Expand index (18 more) »
Agostic interaction
In organometallic chemistry, agostic interaction refers to the interaction of a coordinatively-unsaturated transition metal with a C−H bond, when the two electrons involved in the C−H bond enter the empty d-orbital of the transition metal, resulting in a three-center two-electron bond. 18-electron rule and agostic interaction are chemical bonding.
See 18-electron rule and Agostic interaction
Alkene
In organic chemistry, an alkene, or olefin, is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond.
See 18-electron rule and Alkene
Alkoxide
In chemistry, an alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom.
See 18-electron rule and Alkoxide
Atomic orbital
In quantum mechanics, an atomic orbital is a function describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in an atom. 18-electron rule and atomic orbital are chemical bonding.
See 18-electron rule and Atomic orbital
Basis set (chemistry)
In theoretical and computational chemistry, a basis set is a set of functions (called basis functions) that is used to represent the electronic wave function in the Hartree–Fock method or density-functional theory in order to turn the partial differential equations of the model into algebraic equations suitable for efficient implementation on a computer.
See 18-electron rule and Basis set (chemistry)
Butyl group
In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane.
See 18-electron rule and Butyl group
Carbonyl group
For organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom.
See 18-electron rule and Carbonyl group
Catalysis
Catalysis is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst.
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Catalytic cycle
In chemistry, a catalytic cycle is a multistep reaction mechanism that involves a catalyst.
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Chelation
Chelation is a type of bonding of ions and the molecules to metal ions.
See 18-electron rule and Chelation
Chemical Reviews
Chemical Reviews is peer-reviewed scientific journal published twice per month by the American Chemical Society.
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Chemical Society Reviews
Chemical Society Reviews is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society of Chemistry, for review articles on topics of current interest in chemistry.
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Chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.
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Chromium hexacarbonyl
Chromium hexacarbonyl (IUPAC name: hexacarbonylchromium) is a chromium(0) organometallic compound with the formula.
See 18-electron rule and Chromium hexacarbonyl
Cobaltocene
Cobaltocene, known also as bis(cyclopentadienyl)cobalt(II) or even "bis Cp cobalt", is an organocobalt compound with the formula Co(C5H5)2.
See 18-electron rule and Cobaltocene
Cyclopentadiene
Cyclopentadiene is an organic compound with the formula C5H6.
See 18-electron rule and Cyclopentadiene
Dissociative substitution
In chemistry, dissociative substitution describes a reaction pathway by which compounds interchange ligands.
See 18-electron rule and Dissociative substitution
Electron
The electron (or in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge.
See 18-electron rule and Electron
Electron configuration
In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals.
See 18-electron rule and Electron configuration
Ferrocene
Ferrocene is an organometallic compound with the formula.
See 18-electron rule and Ferrocene
Ferrocyanide
Ferrocyanide is the name of the anion 4−.
See 18-electron rule and Ferrocyanide
Fluoride
Fluoride.
See 18-electron rule and Fluoride
Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride
Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Cl3.
See 18-electron rule and Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride
Hydroformylation
In organic chemistry, hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes.
See 18-electron rule and Hydroformylation
Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.
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Iron pentacarbonyl
Iron pentacarbonyl, also known as iron carbonyl, is the compound with formula.
See 18-electron rule and Iron pentacarbonyl
Irving Langmuir
Irving Langmuir (January 31, 1881 – August 16, 1957) was an American chemist, physicist, and engineer.
See 18-electron rule and Irving Langmuir
Journal of Chemical Education
The Journal of Chemical Education is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal available in both print and electronic versions.
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Journal of Computational Chemistry
The Journal of Computational Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published since 1980 by John Wiley & Sons.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
The Journal of the American Chemical Society (also known as JACS) is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal that was established in 1879 by the American Chemical Society.
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Ligand
In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule with a functional group that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. 18-electron rule and ligand are chemical bonding.
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Ligand field theory
Ligand field theory (LFT) describes the bonding, orbital arrangement, and other characteristics of coordination complexes. 18-electron rule and Ligand field theory are chemical bonding and inorganic chemistry.
See 18-electron rule and Ligand field theory
Metal nitrido complexes are coordination compounds and metal clusters that contain an atom of nitrogen bound only to transition metals. 18-electron rule and metal nitrido complex are inorganic chemistry.
See 18-electron rule and Metal nitrido complex
A metal-phosphine complex is a coordination complex containing one or more phosphine ligands.
See 18-electron rule and Metal-phosphine complex
Molecular orbital
In chemistry, a molecular orbital is a mathematical function describing the location and wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule. 18-electron rule and molecular orbital are chemical bonding.
See 18-electron rule and Molecular orbital
Molybdenum hexacarbonyl
Molybdenum hexacarbonyl (also called molybdenum carbonyl) is the chemical compound with the formula Mo(CO)6.
See 18-electron rule and Molybdenum hexacarbonyl
Monsanto process
The Monsanto process is an industrial method for the manufacture of acetic acid by catalytic carbonylation of methanol.
See 18-electron rule and Monsanto process
Natural bond orbital
In quantum chemistry, a natural bond orbital or NBO is a calculated bonding orbital with maximum electron density.
See 18-electron rule and Natural bond orbital
Nickel tetracarbonyl
Nickel carbonyl (IUPAC name: tetracarbonylnickel) is a nickel(0) organometallic compound with the formula Ni(CO)4.
See 18-electron rule and Nickel tetracarbonyl
Nickelocene
Nickelocene is the organonickel compound with the formula Ni(''η''5-C5H5)2.
See 18-electron rule and Nickelocene
Noble gas
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See 18-electron rule and Noble gas
Non-bonding orbital
A non-bonding orbital, also known as non-bonding molecular orbital (NBMO), is a molecular orbital whose occupation by electrons neither increases nor decreases the bond order between the involved atoms. 18-electron rule and non-bonding orbital are chemical bonding.
See 18-electron rule and Non-bonding orbital
Octahedral molecular geometry
In chemistry, octahedral molecular geometry, also called square bipyramidal, describes the shape of compounds with six atoms or groups of atoms or ligands symmetrically arranged around a central atom, defining the vertices of an octahedron.
See 18-electron rule and Octahedral molecular geometry
Organometallic chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds, chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a metal, including alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals, and sometimes broadened to include metalloids like boron, silicon, and selenium, as well. 18-electron rule and organometallic chemistry are inorganic chemistry.
See 18-electron rule and Organometallic chemistry
Oxidation state
In chemistry, the oxidation state, or oxidation number, is the hypothetical charge of an atom if all of its bonds to other atoms were fully ionic.
See 18-electron rule and Oxidation state
Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element; it has symbol O and atomic number 8.
See 18-electron rule and Oxygen
Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene is a cyclic diene with the formula, often written, where Me is CH3.
See 18-electron rule and Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
Pentyl group
Pentyl is a five-carbon alkyl group or substituent with chemical formula -C5H11.
See 18-electron rule and Pentyl group
Period (periodic table)
A period on the periodic table is a row of chemical elements.
See 18-electron rule and Period (periodic table)
Pi backbonding
In chemistry, π backbonding is a π-bonding interaction between a filled (or half filled) orbital of a transition metal atom and a vacant orbital on an adjacent ion or molecule. 18-electron rule and Pi backbonding are chemical bonding.
See 18-electron rule and Pi backbonding
Principal quantum number
In quantum mechanics, the principal quantum number (symbolized n) is one of four quantum numbers assigned to each electron in an atom to describe that electron's state.
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Rule of thumb
In English, the phrase rule of thumb refers to an approximate method for doing something, based on practical experience rather than theory. 18-electron rule and rule of thumb are rules of thumb.
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Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
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Spectrochemical series
A spectrochemical series is a list of ligands ordered by ligand "strength", and a list of metal ions based on oxidation number, group and element. 18-electron rule and spectrochemical series are inorganic chemistry.
See 18-electron rule and Spectrochemical series
Spin states (d electrons)
Spin states when describing transition metal coordination complexes refers to the potential spin configurations of the central metal's d electrons.
See 18-electron rule and Spin states (d electrons)
Square planar molecular geometry
In chemistry, the square planar molecular geometry describes the stereochemistry (spatial arrangement of atoms) that is adopted by certain chemical compounds.
See 18-electron rule and Square planar molecular geometry
Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the relationship between the weights of reactants and products before, during, and following chemical reactions.
See 18-electron rule and Stoichiometry
Tetrahedral molecular geometry
In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron.
See 18-electron rule and Tetrahedral molecular geometry
Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrahydrofuran (THF), or oxolane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)4O.
See 18-electron rule and Tetrahydrofuran
Tetrakis(1-norbornyl)cobalt(IV)
Tetrakis(1-norbornyl)cobalt(IV) is an air-sensitive organometallic compound of cobalt.
See 18-electron rule and Tetrakis(1-norbornyl)cobalt(IV)
Titanium tetrachloride
Titanium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound with the formula.
See 18-electron rule and Titanium tetrachloride
In chemistry, a transition metal (or transition element) is a chemical element in the d-block of the periodic table (groups 3 to 12), though the elements of group 12 (and less often group 3) are sometimes excluded.
See 18-electron rule and Transition metal
In coordination chemistry and organometallic chemistry, transition metal imido complexes is a coordination compound containing an imido ligand.
See 18-electron rule and Transition metal imido complex
A transition metal oxo complex is a coordination complex containing an oxo ligand.
See 18-electron rule and Transition metal oxo complex
Valence electron
In chemistry and physics, valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outermost shell is not closed. 18-electron rule and valence electron are chemical bonding.
See 18-electron rule and Valence electron
Vanadium hexacarbonyl
Vanadium hexacarbonyl is the inorganic compound with the formula V(CO)6.
See 18-electron rule and Vanadium hexacarbonyl
Vaska's complex
Vaska's complex is the trivial name for the chemical compound trans-carbonylchlorobis(triphenylphosphine)iridium(I), which has the formula IrCl(CO)2.
See 18-electron rule and Vaska's complex
Zeise's salt
Zeise's salt, potassium trichloro(ethylene)platinate(II) hydrate, is the chemical compound with the formula K·H2O.
See 18-electron rule and Zeise's salt
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18-electron_rule
Also known as 16-Electron Complexes, 16-Electron complex, 18 electron rule, 18-electron complex, 18VE compound, 18e complex, 18e rule, Duodectet rule, Eighteen electron rule, Eighteen-electron rule, Electron Rule.
, Principal quantum number, Rule of thumb, Science (journal), Spectrochemical series, Spin states (d electrons), Square planar molecular geometry, Stoichiometry, Tetrahedral molecular geometry, Tetrahydrofuran, Tetrakis(1-norbornyl)cobalt(IV), Titanium tetrachloride, Transition metal, Transition metal imido complex, Transition metal oxo complex, Valence electron, Vanadium hexacarbonyl, Vaska's complex, Zeise's salt.