Timeline of Ottoman Syria history, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 358 relations: Aaron Valero, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Abdülmecid I, Acre Sanjak, Acre, Israel, Aharon Remez, Ahmed A-Dahar, Ahmed I, Akiva Librecht, Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri, Alawite revolt (1834–1835), Aleppo, Aleppo vilayet, Alexander Aaronsohn, Alexandria, American University of Beirut, Ami Assaf, Amin al-Husseini, Amin Tarif, Amnon Harlap, Amram Blau, Anatolia, Aqaba, Arab Kingdom of Syria, Arab Revolt, Arab world, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabs, Aref al-Aref, Arish, Armistice of Mudros, Asher Mizrahi, Austrian Empire, Avraham Biran, Avraham Chaim Naeh, Avraham Elmalih, Avraham Kalfon, Avraham Nudelman, Avraham Shapira, Avraham Yoffe, Avraham-Haim Shag, Avshalom Feinberg, Avshalom Gissin, Awni Abd al-Hadi, Bakırcı Ahmed Pasha, Balfour Declaration, Baqa al-Gharbiyye, Basel, Battle of Abu Tellul, ... Expand index (308 more) »

2. History of Ottoman Syria
3. Ottoman Empire-related lists
4. Ottoman Palestine
5. Ottoman period in Lebanon
6. Syrian history timelines

Aaron Valero

Aaron Valero (1913–2000) was an Israeli physician and educator who helped establish hospitals and medical schools, authored medical publications and contributed greatly to the advancement of medical education in Israel in the latter half of the 20th century.

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Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni

Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni (translit; 1907 – 8 April 1948) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and fighter who in late 1933 founded the secret militant group known as the Organization for Holy Struggle (Munathamat al-Jihad al-Muqaddas), which he and Hasan Salama commanded as the Army of the Holy War (Jaysh al-Jihad al-Muqaddas) during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt and the 1948 war.

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Abdülmecid I

Abdülmecid I (ʿAbdü'l-Mecîd-i evvel, I.; 25 April 182325 June 1861) was the 31st sultan of the Ottoman Empire.

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Acre Sanjak

The Sanjak of Acre (سنجق عكا; Akka Sancağı), often referred as Late Ottoman Galilee, was a prefecture (sanjak) of the Ottoman Empire, located in modern-day northern Israel.

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Acre, Israel

Acre, known locally as Akko (עַכּוֹ) and Akka (عكّا), is a city in the coastal plain region of the Northern District of Israel.

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Aharon Remez

Aluf Aharon Remez (אהרן רמז; 8 May 1919 – 3 April 1994) was an Israeli civil servant, politician and diplomat, and the second commander of the Israeli Air Force.

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Ahmed A-Dahar

Ahmed Kemal A-Dahar (أحمد كامل الظاهر, אחמד כאמל א-ד'אהר; 1906 – 6 February 1984) was an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Progress and Development between 1959 and 1965.

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Ahmed I

Ahmed I (احمد اول; I.; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617.

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Akiva Librecht

Akiva Librecht (עקיבא ליברכט) (1876 – March 3, 1958) was a founding member of Petah Tikva, Israel, and a member of its first council, which he headed in 1912–13.

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Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri

Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghuri (الأشرف قانصوه الغوري) or Qansuh II al-Ghawri (c. 1441/1446 – 24 August 1516) was the second-to-last of the Mamluk Sultans.

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Alawite revolt (1834–1835)

The Alawite revolt, also known as the Nusayri rebellion,Capar, A..

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Aleppo

Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.

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Aleppo vilayet

The Vilayet of Aleppo (Vilâyet-i Halep; Wilāyat Ḥalab) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, centered on the city of Aleppo.

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Alexander Aaronsohn

Alexander Aaronsohn (אלכסנדר אהרנסון; September 28, 1888 – May 28, 1948) was an author and activist who wrote about the plight of people living in Palestine in his book, With the Turks in Palestine.

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Alexandria

Alexandria (الإسكندرية; Ἀλεξάνδρεια, Coptic: Ⲣⲁⲕⲟϯ - Rakoti or ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ) is the second largest city in Egypt and the largest city on the Mediterranean coast.

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American University of Beirut

The American University of Beirut (AUB; al-Jāmiʿa l-Amērkiyya fī Bayrūt) is a private, non-sectarian, and independent university chartered in New York with its campus in Beirut, Lebanon.

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Ami Assaf

Ami Assaf (22 July 1903 – 17 May 1963) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Mapai from 1949 until 1961.

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Amin al-Husseini

Mohammed Amin al-Husseini (محمد أمين الحسيني; 4 July 1974) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and Muslim leader in Mandatory Palestine.

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Amin Tarif

Amin Tarif (أمين طريف, Hebrew: אמין טריף; born 1898, died October 2, 1993) was the qadi, or spiritual leader, of the Druze in Mandatory Palestine from 1928 and then Israel until his death in 1993.

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Amnon Harlap

Amnon Harlap (אמנון חרל"פ; 13 December 1909 – 29 May 2006) was an Israeli footballer, who played for Hapoel Tel Aviv and the Mandatory Palestine national football team.

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Amram Blau

Amram Blau (1894–1974) was a Haredi rabbi in Mandatory Palestine and Israel.

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Anatolia

Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.

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Aqaba

Aqaba (al-ʿAqaba) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.

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Arab Kingdom of Syria

The Arab Kingdom of Syria (المملكة العربية السورية) was a self-proclaimed, unrecognized monarchy existing briefly in the territory of historical Syria.

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Arab Revolt

The Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية), also known as the Great Arab Revolt, was an armed uprising by the Hashemite-led Arabs of the Hejaz against the Ottoman Empire amidst the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. On the basis of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence, exchanged between Henry McMahon of the United Kingdom and Hussein bin Ali of the Kingdom of Hejaz, the rebellion against the ruling Turks was officially initiated at Mecca on 10 June 1916. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Arab Revolt are Ottoman Palestine.

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Arab world

The Arab world (اَلْعَالَمُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), formally the Arab homeland (اَلْوَطَنُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), also known as the Arab nation (اَلْأُمَّةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, comprises a large group of countries, mainly located in Western Asia and Northern Africa.

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Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.

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Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Arabs

The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.

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Aref al-Aref

Aref al-Aref (عارف العارف; 1892–1973) was a Palestinian journalist, historian and politician.

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Arish

ʻArish or el-ʻArīsh (العريش) is the capital and largest city (with 164,830 inhabitants) of the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt, as well as the largest city on the Sinai Peninsula, lying on the Mediterranean coast northeast of Cairo and west of the Egypt–Gaza border.

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Armistice of Mudros

The Armistice of Mudros (Mondros Mütarekesi) ended hostilities in the Middle Eastern theatre between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I. It was signed on 30 October 1918 by the Ottoman Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey and British Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe, on board HMS ''Agamemnon'' in Moudros harbour on the Greek island of Lemnos, and it took effect at noon the next day.

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Asher Mizrahi

Asher Mizrahi (אשר מזרחי; 1890 – 27 October 1967) was a Jewish Tunisian tenor singer and musician, who eventually settled in Israel.

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Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.

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Avraham Biran

Avraham Biran (אברהם בירן, born 23 October 1909 – 16 September 2008) was an Israeli archaeologist, best known for heading excavations at Tel Dan in northern Israel.

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Avraham Chaim Naeh

Avraham Chaim Naeh (3 May 1890 – 21 July 1954) was a Lubavitcher Hasid and major posek (halachic authority) active during the first half of twentieth century.

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Avraham Elmalih

Avraham Elmalih (אברהם אלמליח, 1885 – 2 April 1967) was a journalist, linguist, Zionist activist and Israeli politician.

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Avraham Kalfon

Avraham Kalfon (אברהם כלפון, born 16 December 1900, died 4 July 1983) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Mapai between 1952 and 1955.

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Avraham Nudelman

Avraham Nudelman (אברהם נודלמן) was an Israeli footballer who played for Hapoel Tel Aviv and Mandatory Palestine national football team during the British Mandate era.

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Avraham Shapira

Avraham Shapira (אברהם אלקנה כהנא שפירא;, Jerusalem – 27 September 2007) was a prominent rabbi in the Religious Zionist world.

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Avraham Yoffe

Abraham Yoffe (translit, born October 25, 1913, died April 11, 1983) was an Israel general during the Six-Day War.

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Avraham-Haim Shag

Avraham-Haim Shag (אברהם-חיים שאג, 17 July 1883 – 6 December 1958) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Assembly of Representatives and the Knesset.

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Avshalom Feinberg

Avshalom Feinberg (אבשלום פיינברג, 23 October 1889 – 20 January 1917) was one of the leaders of Nili, a Jewish spy network in Ottoman Palestine helping the British fight the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Feinberg was born in Gedera in the Land of Israel, which was then part of the Ottoman Empire.

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Avshalom Gissin

Avshalom Gissin (אבשלום גיסין; 1896 – 5 May 1921) was a Jewish officer in the Ottoman Army and a Zionist pioneer, who was killed during the 1921 Palestine riots while defending Petah Tikva.

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Awni Abd al-Hadi

Awni Abd al-Hadi, (عوني عبد الهادي) aka Auni Bey Abdel Hadi and Awni Abdul Hadi (1889, Nablus, Ottoman Empire – 15 March 1970, Cairo, Egypt) was a Palestinian political figure.

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Bakırcı Ahmed Pasha

Bakırcı Ahmed Pasha (Ahmed Pasha the Coppersmith; also known with the epithet Kara; died 1635)Süreyya, Bey Mehmet, Nuri Akbayar, and Seyit Ali.

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Balfour Declaration

The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued by the British Government in 1917 during the First World War announcing its support for the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, then an Ottoman region with a small minority Jewish population.

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Baqa al-Gharbiyye

Baqa al-Gharbiyye (باقة الغربية, באקה אל-גרביה, בָּקַה אל-עַ'רְבִּיָּה; lit. Western Baqa) is a predominantly Arab city in the "Triangle" region of Israel near the Green Line.

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Basel

Basel, also known as Basle,Bâle; Basilea; Basileia; other Basilea.

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Battle of Abu Tellul

The Battle of Abu Tellul (called the Affair of Abu Tellul by the British Battles Nomenclature Committee) was fought on 14 July 1918 during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I after German and Ottoman Empire forces attacked the British Empire garrison in the Jordan Valley.

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Battle of Anjar

The Battle of Anjar was fought on 1 November 1623 between the army of Fakhr al-Din II and an coalition army led by the governor of Damascus Mustafa Pasha. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Battle of Anjar are Ottoman period in Lebanon.

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Battle of Beersheba (1917)

The Battle of Beersheba (Birüssebi Muharebesi, Schlacht von Beerscheba)The several battles fought for the Gaza to Beersheba line between 31 October and 7 November were all assigned the title Third Battle of Gaza, although they took place many miles apart, and were fought by different corps. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and battle of Beersheba (1917) are Ottoman Palestine.

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Battle of Jerusalem

The Battle of Jerusalem occurred during the British Empire's "Jerusalem Operations" against the Ottoman Empire, in World War I, when fighting for the city developed from 17 November, continuing after the surrender until 30 December 1917, to secure the final objective of the Southern Palestine Offensive during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I.

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Battle of Konya

The battle of Konya (Koniah) was fought on December 21, 1832, between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire, just outside the city of Konya in modern-day Turkey.

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Battle of Marj Dabiq

The Battle of Marj Dābiq (مرج دابق, meaning "the meadow of Dābiq"; Mercidabık Muharebesi), a decisive military engagement in Middle Eastern history, was fought on 24 August 1516, near the town of Dabiq, 44 km north of Aleppo (modern Syria).

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Battle of Megiddo (1918)

The Battle of Megiddo was fought between 19 and 25 September 1918, on the Plain of Sharon, in front of Tulkarm, Tabsor and Arara in the Judean Hills as well as on the Esdralon Plain at Nazareth, Afulah, Beisan, Jenin and Samakh.

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Battle of Mount Tabor (1799)

The Battle of Mount Tabor was fought on 16 April 1799, between French forces commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte and General Jean-Baptiste Kléber, against an Ottoman Army under Abdullah Pasha al-Azm, ruler of Damascus.

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Battle of Rafa

The Battle of Rafa, also known as the Action of Rafah, fought on 9 January 1917, was the third and final battle to complete the recapture of the Sinai Peninsula by British forces during the Sinai and Palestine campaign of the First World War.

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Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit

Bechor-Shalom Sheetrit (בכור-שלום שטרית, 1895 – 28 January 1967) was an Israeli politician, minister and the only signatory of the Israeli declaration of independence to have been born in the country.

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Beersheba

Beersheba, officially Be'er-Sheva (usually spelled Beer Sheva; Bəʾēr Ševaʿ,; Biʾr as-Sabʿ), is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel.

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Beirut

Beirut (help) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon.

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Beit Jala

Beit Jala (بيت جالا) is a Palestinian Christian town in the Bethlehem Governorate of Palestine, in the West Bank.

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Ben Shemen

Ben Shemen (בֶּן שֶׁמֶן, lit. very fruitful) is a moshav in central Israel.

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Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel

Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel (born 23 May 1880, died 4 September 1953), sometimes rendered as Ouziel, was the Sephardi chief rabbi of Mandatory Palestine from 1939 to 1948, and of Israel from 1948 until his death in 1953.

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Benjamin Elazari Volcani

Benjamin Elazari Volcani (Hebrew: בנימין אלעזרי-וולקני, born 4 January 1915, died 1 February 1999) was an Israeli microbiologist who discovered life in the Dead Sea and pioneered biological silicon research at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego.

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Benjamin Shwadran

Benjamin Shwadran (1907 – 2001) was an author and professor of Middle Eastern studies.

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Beth din

A beth din (house of judgment,, Ashkenazic: beis din, plural: batei din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism.

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Binyamin Gibli

Binyamin Gibli (1919 – August 19, 2008) was the head of Israeli Military Intelligence from June 1950 to March 1955.

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Binyamin Kahane

Binyamin Kahane (בנימין כהנא), 5 March 1911 – 30 October 1956, was an Israeli Air Force officer and pilot who was killed during a reconnaissance sortie.

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Binyamin Shahor

Binyamin Shahor (בנימין שחור, born 1916, died 26 November 1979) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the National Religious Party between 1959 and 1974.

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Black Hand (Mandatory Palestine)

The Black Hand (translit) was an anti-Zionist and anti-British Jihadist militant organization in Mandatory Palestine.

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Bracha Zefira

Bracha Zefira (ברכה צפירה, also spelled Braha Tzfira; 15 April 1910 – 1 April 1990) was a pioneering Israeli folk singer, songwriter, musicologist, and actress of Yemenite Jewish origin.

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British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Naval Service and the Royal Air Force.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Caliphate

A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor.

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Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire

Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire were contracts between the Ottoman Empire and several other Christian powers, particularly France.

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Central Powers

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).

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Chaim Weizmann

Chaim Azriel Weizmann 27 November 1874 – 9 November 1952) was a Russian-born biochemist, Zionist leader and Israeli statesman who served as president of the Zionist Organization and later as the first president of Israel. He was elected on 16 February 1949, and served until his death in 1952. Weizmann was instrumental in obtaining the Balfour Declaration of 1917 and convincing the United States government to recognize the newly formed State of Israel in 1948.

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Chief Rabbi

Chief Rabbi (translit) is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities.

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Chouf District

Chouf (also spelled Shouf, Shuf or Chuf, in Jabal ash-Shouf) is a historic region of Lebanon, as well as an administrative district in the governorate (muhafazat) of Mount Lebanon.

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Christians

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Church of the Redeemer, Jerusalem

The Lutheran Church of the Redeemer (כנסיית הגואל, الكنيسة اللوثرية في القدس, Erlöserkirche) is the second Protestant church in Jerusalem (the first being Christ Church near Jaffa Gate).

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Convention of Kütahya

The Convention of Kütahya, also known as the Peace Agreement of Kütahya, ended the Egyptian–Ottoman War (1831–1833) in May 1833.

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Convention of London (1840)

The Convention of London of 1840 was a treaty with the title of Convention for the Pacification of the Levant, signed on 15 July 1840 between the Great Powers of United Kingdom, Austria, Prussia, Russia on one hand and the Ottoman Empire on the other.

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Crete

Crete (translit, Modern:, Ancient) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, and Corsica.

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Damascus

Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.

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David Coren

David Coren (דוד קורן, 8 June 1917 – 14 January 2011) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment between 1969 and 1977.

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David Tidhar

David Tidhar (6 June 1897 – 15 December 1970) was a Jewish-Israeli police officer, private detective and author, widely known as “the first Hebrew detective”.

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Dead Sea

The Dead Sea (al-Baḥr al-Mayyit, or label; Yām hamMelaḥ), also known by other names, is a landlocked salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and the Israeli-occupied West Bank and Israel to the west.

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Degania Alef

Degania Alef (דְּגַנְיָה א') is a kibbutz in northern Israel.

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Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire

The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire (1908–1922) was a period of history of the Ottoman Empire beginning with the Young Turk Revolution and ultimately ending with the empire's dissolution and the founding of the modern state of Turkey.

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Diyab Obeid

Diyab Obeid (دياب عبيد, דיאב עובייד; 1911 – 18 February 1984) was an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Cooperation and Brotherhood and Cooperation and Development between 1961 and 1974.

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Djemal Pasha

Ahmed Djemal (Ahmed Cemâl Pasha; 6 May 1872 – 21 July 1922), also known as Djemal Pasha, was an Ottoman military leader and one of the Three Pashas that ruled the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Cemal was born in Mytilene, Lesbos.

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Dov Yermiya

Dov Yermiya (דב ירמיה; October 24, 1914 – January 30, 2016) was an Israeli military officer and political activist who became notable for severely criticizing Israeli military actions.

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Druze

The Druze (دَرْزِيّ, or دُرْزِيّ, rtl), who call themselves al-Muwaḥḥidūn (lit. 'the monotheists' or 'the unitarians'), are an Arab and Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group from West Asia who adhere to the Druze faith, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, syncretic, and ethnic religion whose main tenets assert the unity of God, reincarnation, and the eternity of the soul.

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Earthquake

An earthquakealso called a quake, tremor, or tembloris the shaking of the Earth's surface resulting from a sudden release of energy in the lithosphere that creates seismic waves.

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Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby

Field Marshal Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby, (23 April 1861 – 14 May 1936) was a senior British Army officer and Imperial Governor. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby are Ottoman Palestine.

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Ein Ganim

Ein Ganim (עין גנים) was the first moshav po'alim ("workers' moshav") in Israel.

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Elias Nakhleh

Elias Nakhleh (إلياس نخلة, אליאס נח'לה; 1913 – 6 September 1990) was an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset between 1959 and 1974.

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Eliezer Ben-Yehuda

Eliezer Ben‑Yehuda (born Eliezer Yitzhak Perlman; 7 January 1858 – 16 December 1922) was a Russian-Jewish linguist, lexicographer, and journalist.

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Eliezer Waldenberg

Eliezer Yehuda Waldenberg (הרב אליעזר יהודה וולדנברג; December 10, 1915 – November 21, 2006) was a rabbi, posek, and dayan in Jerusalem.

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Eliyahu Elyashar

Eliyahu Elyashar (אליהו אלישר, 10 October 1899 - 30 October 1981) was an Israeli politician and writer.

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Eliyahu Hacarmeli

Eliyahu Hacarmeli (1 August 1891 – 21 December 1952) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset from 1949 until 1952.

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Eliyahu Sasson

Eliyahu Sasson (אליהו ששון; 2 February 1902 – 8 October 1978) was an Israeli politician and minister.

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Elyakum Ostashinski

Elyakum Ostashinski or Elyakum Austshinsky (אליקום אוסטשינסקי), born 1909, died 1983, was the first mayor of Rishon LeZion, and later CEO of the Vineyard Association.

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Esther Raab

Esther Raab (אסתר ראב; April 25, 1894 – September 4, 1981) was a Hebrew author of prose and poetry, known as "the first Sabra poet", due to her eminence as the first Israeli woman poet and for the prominence of her native landscape in her imagery.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Ezra Danin

Ezra Danin (2 August 1903- 31 May 1984) was the head of the Arab section of the SHAI, the intelligence arm of the Haganah, Israeli politician and an orange grower.

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Ezra Ichilov

Ezra Ichilov (עזרא איכילוב, 10 June 1907 – 25 June 1961) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the General Zionists and the Liberal Party between 1951 and 1961.

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Faisal I of Iraq

Faisal I bin al-Hussein bin Ali al-Hashemi (فيصل الأول بن الحسين بن علي الهاشمي, Fayṣal al-Awwal bin al-Ḥusayn bin ʻAlī al-Hāshimī; 20 May 1885 – 8 September 1933) was King of Iraq from 23 August 1921 until his death in 1933.

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Fakhr al-Din II

Fakhr al-Din Ma'n (Fakhr al-Dīn Maʿn; March or April 1635), commonly known as Fakhr al-Din II or Fakhreddine II (Fakhr al-Dīn al-Thānī), was the paramount Druze emir of Mount Lebanon from the Ma'n dynasty, an Ottoman governor of Sidon-Beirut and Safed, and the strongman over much of the Levant from the 1620s to 1633.

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Famine

A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies.

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Faras Hamdan

Faras Hamdan (فارس حمدان; פארס חמדאן, 1910 – 29 November 1966) was an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Agriculture and Development party between 1951 and 1959.

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First Aliyah

The First Aliyah (HaAliyah HaRishona), also known as the agriculture Aliyah, was a major wave of Jewish immigration (aliyah) to Ottoman Palestine between 1881 and 1903.

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First Battle of Gaza

The First Battle of Gaza was fought on 26 March 1917 during the first attempt by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF), which was a British Empire military formation, formed on 10 March 1916 under the command of General Archibald Murray from the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force and the Force in Egypt (1914–15), at the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

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First Zionist Congress

The First Zionist Congress (הקונגרס הציוני הראשון) was the inaugural congress of the Zionist Organization (ZO) held in the Stadtcasino Basel in the city of Basel on August 29–31, 1897.

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France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

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Gad Frumkin

Gad Frumkin (Hebrew: גד פרומקין, August 2, 1887 – March 10, 1960) was an Israeli jurist.

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Gad Machnes (politician)

Gad Machnes (13 August 1893 – 7 March 1954) was an Israeli politician and businessman.

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Galilee

Galilee (hagGālīl; Galilaea; al-jalīl) is a region located in northern Israel and southern Lebanon.

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Galilee earthquake of 1837

The Galilee earthquake of 1837, often called the Safed earthquake, shook the Galilee on January 1 and is one of a number of moderate to large events that have occurred along the Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system that marks the boundary of two tectonic plates; the African Plate on the west and the Arabian Plate on the east.

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Gaza City

Gaza, also called Gaza City, is a Palestinian city in the Gaza Strip.

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Gedera

Gedera, or less commonly known as Gdera (גְּדֵרָה), is a town in the southern part of the Shfela region in the Central District of Israel founded in 1884.

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Golden Gate (Jerusalem)

The Golden Gate or Gate of Mercy (lit; url-status|lit.

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Grand Mufti of Jerusalem

The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem is the Sunni Muslim cleric in charge of Jerusalem's Islamic holy places, including Al-Aqsa.

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Grand vizier

Grand vizier (vazîr-i aʾzam; sadr-ı aʾzam; sadrazam) was the title of the effective head of government of many sovereign states in the Islamic world.

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Haaretz

Haaretz (originally Ḥadshot Haaretz –) is an Israeli newspaper.

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Haganah

Haganah (הַהֲגָנָה) was the main Zionist paramilitary organization that operated for the Yishuv in the British Mandate for Palestine.

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Haidar Abdel-Shafi

Haidar Abdel-Shafi (Heidar Abdul-Shafi) (حيدر عبد الشافي June 10, 1919 – September 25, 2007), was a Palestinian physician, community leader and political leader who was the head of the Palestinian delegation to the Madrid Conference of 1991.

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Haifa

Haifa (Ḥēyfā,; Ḥayfā) is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in.

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Haneh Hadad

Haneh Hadad (حنا حداد, חנא חדד; 19 April 1919 – 5 October 2020) was an Israeli Arab police officer and politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Labor Party between 1995 and 1996.

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Hanna Ben Dov

Hanna Ben Dov (1919 in Jerusalem – 2008 in Paris) was an Israeli abstract painter.

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Haredi Judaism

Haredi Judaism (translit,; plural Haredim) is a branch of Orthodox Judaism that is characterized by its strict interpretation of religious sources and its accepted (Jewish law) and traditions, in opposition to more accommodating or modern values and practices.

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Hashemites

The Hashemites (al-Hāshimiyyūn), also House of Hashim, are the royal family of Jordan, which they have ruled since 1921, and were the royal family of the kingdoms of Hejaz (1916–1925), Syria (1920), and Iraq (1921–1958).

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Hasidic Judaism

Hasidism or Hasidic Judaism is a religious movement within Judaism that arose in the 18th century as a spiritual revival movement in contemporary Western Ukraine before spreading rapidly throughout Eastern Europe.

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Hauran Druze Rebellion

The Hauran Druze Rebellion was a violent Druze uprising against Ottoman authority in the Syrian province, which erupted in 1909.

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Hebron

Hebron (الخليل, or خَلِيل الرَّحْمَن; חֶבְרוֹן) is a Palestinian.

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Hejaz

The Hejaz (also; lit) is a region that includes the majority of the west coast of Saudi Arabia, covering the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif and Baljurashi.

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Hejaz railway

The Hejaz railway (also spelled Hedjaz or Hijaz; سِكَّة حَدِيد الحِجَاز or الخَط الحَدِيدِي الحِجَازِي, حجاز دمیریولی, Hicaz Demiryolu) was a narrow-gauge railway (track gauge) that ran from Damascus to Medina, through the Hejaz region of modern day Saudi Arabia, with a branch line to Haifa on the Mediterranean Sea.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Hejaz railway

Henry IV of France

Henry IV (Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.

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Holy city

A holy city is a city important to the history or faith of a specific religion.

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Homeland for the Jewish people

A homeland for the Jewish people is an idea rooted in Jewish history, religion, and culture.

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Hula Valley

The Hula Valley (ʿEmeq haḤūlā; Buḥayrat al-Ḥūla) is an agricultural region in northern Israel with abundant fresh water that used to be Lake Hula before it was drained.

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Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz

Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi (al-Ḥusayn bin 'Alī al-Hāshimī; 1 May 18544 June 1931) was an Arab leader from the Banu Qatadah branch of the Banu Hashim clan who was the Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and, after proclaiming the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, King of the Hejaz, even if he refused this title,Representation Of Hedjaz At The Peace Conference: Hussein Bin Ali's Correspondence With Colonel Wilson; Status Of Arabic Countries; King's Rejection Of 'Hedjaz' Title.

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Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt

Ibrahim Pasha (إبراهيمباشا Ibrāhīm Bāshā; 1789 – 10 November 1848) was an Egyptian general and politician; he was the commander of both the Egyptian and Ottoman armies and the eldest son of Muhammad Ali, the Wāli and unrecognized Khedive of Egypt and Sudan.

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Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

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Israel Rokach

Israel Rokach, Honorary CBE (ישראל רוקח; December 31, 1896 – September 13, 1959) was an Israeli politician, Knesset member, and fourth mayor of Tel Aviv from November 15, 1936 until April 13, 1953.

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Israeli Declaration of Independence

The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and later first Prime Minister of Israel.

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Israeli Navy

The Israeli Navy (חיל הים הישראלי, Ḥeil HaYam HaYisraeli,; البحرية الإسرائيلية) is the naval warfare service arm of the Israel Defense Forces, operating primarily in the Mediterranean Sea theater as well as the Gulf of Eilat and the Red Sea theater.

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Itamar Ben-Avi

Itamar Ben-Avi (31 July 1882 – 8 April 1943) was the first native speaker of Hebrew in modern times.

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Izz ad-Din al-Qassam

(عز الدين بن عبد القادر بن مصطفى بن يوسف بن محمد القسام; 1881 or 19 December 1882 – 20 November 1935) was a Syrian Muslim preacher, and a leader in the local struggles against British and French Mandatory rule in the Levant, and a militant opponent of Zionism in the 1920s and 1930s.

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Izzat Darwaza

Muhammad 'Izzat Darwaza (محمد عزة دروزة; 1888–1984) was a Palestinian politician, historian, and educator from Nablus.

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Jableh

Jableh (جَبْلَةٌ;, also spelt Jebleh, Jabala, Jablah, Gabala or Gibellum) is a Mediterranean coastal city in Syria, north of Baniyas and south of Latakia, with c. 80,000 inhabitants (2004 census).

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Jaffa

Jaffa (Yāfō,; Yāfā), also called Japho or Joppa in English, is an ancient Levantine port city now part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel, located in its southern part.

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Jaffa–Jerusalem railway

The Jaffa–Jerusalem railway (also J & J) is a railway that connected Jaffa and Jerusalem.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Jaffa–Jerusalem railway

Jamal al-Husayni

Jamal al-Husayni (1894–1982) (جمال الحُسيني), was born in Jerusalem and was a member of the highly influential and respected Husayni family.

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Jamil al-Ulshi

Jamil al-Ulshi (17 January 1883 – 25 March 1951) (جميل الألشي) was a Syrian politician, two-time prime minister of Syria and acting head of state (17 January – 25 March 1943) during the French Mandate era.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Jamil al-Ulshi

Jehiel R. Elyachar

Jehiel Raphael Elyachar (October 20, 1898 – March 29, 1989) was an engineer, real estate developer and philanthropist who contributed to American and Israeli causes.

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Jenin

Jenin (جنين) is a city in the State of Palestine, in the Israeli-occupied West Bank.

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Jerusalem

Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

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Jerusalem Sanjak

The Sanjak of Jerusalem (Sancâk-ı Kudüs; Sanjaq al-Quds) was an Ottoman sanjak that formed part of the Damascus Eyalet for much of its existence. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Jerusalem Sanjak are Ottoman Palestine.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Jerusalem Sanjak

Jewish National Fund

The Jewish National Fund (JNF; קֶרֶן קַיֶּימֶת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, Keren Kayemet LeYisrael; previously, Ha Fund HaLeumi) is a non-profit organizationProfessor Alon Tal, The Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, The Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev.

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Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)

The Jewish Quarter (הרובע היהודי, HaRova HaYehudi; حارة اليهود, Harat al-Yehud) is one of the four traditional quarters of the Old City of Jerusalem.

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Jews

The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Jews

Jish

Jish (الجش; גִ'שׁ, גּוּשׁ חָלָב, Jish, Gush Halav) is a local council in Upper Galilee, located on the northeastern slopes of Mount Meron, north of Safed, in Israel's Northern District.

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Jordan River

The Jordan River or River Jordan (نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ, Nahr al-ʾUrdunn; נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן, Nəhar hayYardēn), also known as Nahr Al-Sharieat (نهر الشريعة.), is a river in the Levant that flows roughly north to south through the freshwater Sea of Galilee and on to the salt water Dead Sea.

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Judah HeHasid (Jerusalem)

Judah he-Hasid Segal ha-Levi (Judah the Pious; c. 1660 in Siedlce – 19 October 1700 in Jerusalem, Ottoman Syria) was a Jewish preacher who led the largest organized group of Jewish immigrants to the Land of Israel in the 17th and 18th centuries.

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Julis

Julis (جولس Jūlis, ג'וּלִס G'ulis) is a Druze village and local council in the Northern District of Israel.

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July Monarchy

The July Monarchy (Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under italic, starting on 26 July 1830, with the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 February 1848, with the Revolution of 1848.

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Kamel al-Budeiri

Muhammad Kāmil ibn Wahba al-Shāfi'ī al-Muqaddasī al-Budayrī (محمد كامل بن وهبه الشافعي المقدسي البديري) was a famous Arab figure in the early 20th century.

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Kfar Saba

Kfar Saba (כְּפַר סָבָא), officially Kfar Sava, is a city in the Sharon region, of the Central District of Israel.

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Kfar Tavor

Kfar Tavor (כְּפַר תָּבוֹר, كفر تافور) is a village in the Lower Galilee region of Northern Israel, at the foot of Mount Tabor.

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Khalil Beidas

Khalil Beidas (خليل بيدس, also transliterated Khalil Bedas, Khalil Baydas, Khalil Beydas) (1874–1949) was a Palestinian scholar, educator, translator and novelist.

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Kibbutz

A kibbutz (קִבּוּץ / קיבוץ,;: kibbutzim קִבּוּצִים / קיבוצים) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture.

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Kingdom of Hejaz

The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāziyyah Al-Hāshimiyyah) was a state in the Hejaz region of Western Asia that included the western portion of the Arabian Peninsula that was ruled by the Hashemite dynasty.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Kingdom of Hejaz

Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

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Lehi (militant group)

Lehi (לח"י – לוחמי חרות ישראל Lohamei Herut Israel – Lehi, "Fighters for the Freedom of Israel – Lehi", sometimes abbreviated "LHI"), often known pejoratively as the Stern Gang,"This group was known to its friends as LEHI and to its enemies as the Stern Gang." Blumberg, Arnold.

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Levant

The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.

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List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire

The sultans of the Ottoman Empire (Osmanlı padişahları), who were all members of the Ottoman dynasty (House of Osman), ruled over the transcontinental empire from its perceived inception in 1299 to its dissolution in 1922. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire are Ottoman Empire-related lists.

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Lower Egypt

Lower Egypt (مصر السفلى) is the northernmost region of Egypt, which consists of the fertile Nile Delta between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea, from El Aiyat, south of modern-day Cairo, and Dahshur.

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Lower Galilee

The Lower Galilee (translit) is a region within the Northern District of Israel.

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Mahmud Al-Nashaf

Mahmud Al-Nashaf (מחמוד א-נאשף; 1906 – 10 November 1979) was an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Agriculture and Development between 1959 and 1961.

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Mamluk

Mamluk or Mamaluk (mamlūk (singular), مماليك, mamālīk (plural); translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers, and freed slaves who were assigned high-ranking military and administrative duties, serving the ruling Arab and Ottoman dynasties in the Muslim world.

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Mandatory Palestine

Mandatory Palestine was a geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the region of Palestine under the terms of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine.

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Maronites

Maronites (Al-Mawārinah; Marunoye) are a Syriac Christian ethnoreligious group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of West Asia, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the largest concentration long residing near Mount Lebanon in modern Lebanon.

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Maskit

Maskit (משכית.) is an Israeli fashion house founded in 1954 by Ruth Dayan, the first wife of Moshe Dayan.

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Massacre of Aleppo (1850)

The Massacre of Aleppo (قومة حلب), often referred to simply as The Events, was a riot perpetrated by Muslim residents of Aleppo, largely from the eastern quarters of the city, against Christian residents, largely located in the northern suburbs of Judayde (Jdeideh) and Salibeh.

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Medina

Medina, officially Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah, is the capital of Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia.

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Meir Meivar

Meir Meivar (מאיר מיבר, born Meir Meiberg; Safed, Mandatory Palestine, 1918 – Jerusalem, Israel, 2000), was the Haganah commander of the city of Safed during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

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Menachem Mendel Monsohn

Rabbi Menachem Mendel Monsohn (Hebrew:; October 13, 1895 – September 3, 1953) was a member of the Monsohn family of Jerusalem, born in the Old City of Jerusalem.

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Menachem Porush

Menachem Porush (מנחם פרוש, 2 April 1916 – 22 February 2010) was an Israel politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Agudat Yisrael and its alliances between 1959 and 1975, and again from 1977 until 1994.

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Menachem Ratzon

Menachem Ratzon (5 August 1919 – 12 November 1987) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the first Knesset for Mapam.

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Messiah

In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias is a saviour or liberator of a group of people.

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Messiah in Judaism

The Messiah in Judaism is a savior and liberator figure in Jewish eschatology who is believed to be the future redeemer of the Jews.

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Middle East

The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.

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Mishkenot Sha'ananim

Mishkenot Sha'ananim (משכנות שאננים, lit. Peaceful Dwellings) was the first Jewish settlement built outside the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem, on a hill directly across Mount Zion.

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Mohamed Ali Eltaher

Mohamed Ali Eltaher (محمد علي الطاهر; 1896–1974) was a Palestinian journalist and newspaper editor.

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Monastery of Qozhaya

Monastery of Saint Anthony of Qozhaya, or Monastery of Qozhaya (also Qazahya; ܕܝܪܐ ܕܡܪܝ ܐܢܛܘܢܝܘܣ ܩܘܙܚܝܐ, دير مار أنطونيوس قزحيا) is a large and important Maronite monastery.

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Mordechai Benshemesh

Mordechai Benshemesh (Tel Aviv, 16 January 1911 – Melbourne, 22 December 1993) was a noted architect who practiced in Melbourne, Australia from the 1950s to the 1970s.

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Mordechai Weingarten

Mordechai Weingarten (מרדכי ויינגרטן; 1896–1964) was a Jewish community leader in Jerusalem during the British Mandate.

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Moshe Ben-Ami

Moshe Ben-Ami (משה בן-עמי; 1898 – 18 February 1960) was an Israeli politician and lawyer.

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Moshe Castel

Moshe Castel (משה קסטל; 1909 – December 12, 1991) was an Israeli painter.

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Moshe Chelouche

Moshe "Musa" Chelouche (משה שלוש, Moshe Shlush, April 7, 1892 – February 26, 1968) was a Jewish politician and businessman in Mandatory Palestine and Israel who served in 1936 for 10 days as the mayor of Tel Aviv.

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Moshe Dayan

Moshe Dayan (משה דיין; May 20, 1915 – October 16, 1981) was an Israeli military leader and politician.

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Mossad

The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (ha-Mosád le-Modiʿín u-le-Tafkidím Meyuḥadím), popularly known as Mossad, is the national intelligence agency of the State of Israel.

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Mount Lebanon

Mount Lebanon (جَبَل لُبْنَان, jabal lubnān,; ܛܘܪ ܠܒ݂ܢܢ,,, ṭūr lewnōn) is a mountain range in Lebanon.

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Muhammad Ali of Egypt

Muhammad Ali (4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian governor and military commander who was the de facto ruler of Egypt from 1805 to 1848, considered the founder of modern Egypt.

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Mukhtar

A mukhtar (chosen one; μουχτάρης) is a village chief in the Levant: "an old institution that goes back to the time of the Ottoman rule".

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Musa al-Husayni

Musa Kazim Pasha al-Husayni (موسى كاظمباشا الحسيني) (1853 – 27 March 1934) held a series of senior posts in the Ottoman administration.

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Musa Alami

Musa Alami (3 May 1897 – 8 June 1984) موسى العلمي) was a prominent Palestinian nationalist and politician. Due to Alami having represented Palestine at various Arab conferences, in the 1940s, he was viewed by many as the leader of the Palestinian Arabs.

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Muslims

Muslims (God) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition.

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Mutasarrif

Mutasarrif, mutesarrif, mutasarriff, or mutesarriff (متصرّف) was the title used in the Ottoman Empire and places like post-Ottoman Iraq for the governor of an administrative district in place of the usual sanjakbey.

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Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem

The Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem (قُدس شَرِيف مُتَصَرِّفلغى, Kudüs-i Şerif Mutasarrıflığı; متصرفية القدس الشريف, Mutaṣarrifiyyat al-quds aš-šarīf), also known as the Sanjak of Jerusalem, was an Ottoman district with special administrative status established in 1872. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem are Ottoman Palestine.

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Nablus

Nablus (Nāblus; Šəḵem, ISO 259-3:,; Samaritan Hebrew: script, romanized:; Νeápolis) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank, located approximately north of Jerusalem, with a population of 156,906.

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Nablus Sanjak

The Nablus Sanjak (سنجق نابلس; Nablus Sancağı) was an administrative area that existed throughout Ottoman rule in the Levant (1517–1917).

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Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

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Napoleonic Wars

The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of conflicts fought between the First French Empire under Napoleon Bonaparte (1804–1815) and a fluctuating array of European coalitions.

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Nazareth

Nazareth (النَّاصِرَة|an-Nāṣira; נָצְרַת|Nāṣəraṯ; Naṣrath) is the largest city in the Northern District of Israel.

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Ness Ziona

Ness Ziona (נֵס צִיּוֹנָה, Nes Tziyona) is a city in Central District, Israel.

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Netanel Hochberg

Netanel Hochberg (נתנאל הוכברג; born 20 December 1897 - died 27 January 1983) was an Israeli agronomist and expert in the growing of grapevine.

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Netanya

Netanya (also Natanya, נְתַנְיָה) is a city in the Northern Central District of Israel, and is the capital of the surrounding Sharon plain.

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Neturei Karta

Neturei Karta is a fringeSources describing the group as fringe.

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Newspaper

A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background.

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Nili

NILI (נִילי) was a Jewish espionage network which assisted the United Kingdom in its fight against the Ottoman Empire in the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem between 1915 and 1917, during World War I. NILI was centered in Zikhron Ya'akov, with branches in Hadera and other Moshava.

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Nissim Eliad

Nissim Eliad (נסים אליעד; 1 July 1919 – 15 November 2014) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Independent Liberals between 1968 and 1977.

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Oded Burla

Oded Burla (עודד בורלא; June 23, 1915 – July 26, 2009) was an Israeli writer, poet, and artist.

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Old City of Jerusalem

The Old City of Jerusalem (al-Madīna al-Qadīma, Ha'ír Ha'atiká) is a walled area in East Jerusalem.

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Ottoman Egypt

Ottoman Egypt was an administrative division of the Ottoman Empire after the conquest of Mamluk Egypt by the Ottomans in 1517.

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

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Ottoman Navy

The Ottoman Navy (Osmanlı Donanması) or The Imperial Navy (Donanma-yı Humâyûn.), also known as the Ottoman Fleet, was the naval warfare arm of the Ottoman Empire.

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Ottoman Syria

Ottoman Syria (سوريا العثمانية) was a group of divisions of the Ottoman Empire within the region of Syria, usually defined as being east of the Mediterranean Sea, west of the Euphrates River, north of the Arabian Desert and south of the Taurus Mountains.

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Ottoman Turks

The Ottoman Turks (Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group.

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Ovadia Hedaya

Ovadia Hedaya (עובדיה הדאיה, 24 December 1889 – 8 February 1969) was a leading Israeli rabbi.

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Oved Ben-Ami

Oved Ben-Ami (July 23, 1905 – October 17, 1988; Hebrew: עובד בן עמי) was an Israeli politician and businessman.

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Peasants' revolt in Palestine

The Peasants' Revolt was a rebellion against Egyptian conscription and taxation policies in Palestine. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Peasants' revolt in Palestine are Ottoman Palestine.

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Peri-urbanisation

Peri-urbanisation relates to the processes of scattered and dispersive urban growth that create hybrid landscapes of fragmented and mixed urban and rural characteristics.

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Petah Tikva

Petah Tikva (פֶּתַח תִּקְוָה), also known as Em HaMoshavot, is a city in the Central District of Israel, east of Tel Aviv.

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Pinchas David Horowitz

Rabbi Pinchas David Horowitz, (July 15, 1877 or 1876 - November 28, 1941) was a Hasidic rebbe and the founder of the Boston Hasidic dynasty, one of the first Hasidic courts in America.

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Port

A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers.

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Posek

In Jewish law, a posek (פוסק, pl. poskim) is a legal scholar who determines the application of halakha, the Jewish religious laws derived from the written and Oral Torah, in cases of Jewish law where previous authorities are inconclusive, or in those situations where no clear halakhic precedent exists.

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Protectorate of missions

Protectorate of missions is a term for the right of protection exercised by a Christian power in a Muslim or other non-Christian country with regard to the persons and establishments of the missionaries.

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Rachel Tzabari

Rachel Tzabari (רחל צברי, 27 July 1909 – 16 February 1995) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Mapai and its successors between 1952 and 1969.

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Radi Annab

Radi Hassan Annab (راضي حسن عنّاب; 23 July 1897 – 12 September 1993) was a Jordanian military officer and the first Arab commander of the Arab Legion when it concurrently became the Jordanian Armed Forces.

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Rafah

Rafah (رفح) is a Palestinian city in the southern Gaza Strip.

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Raghib al-Nashashibi

Raghib al-Nashashibi (راغب النشاشيبي) (1881–1951), CBE (hon), was a Palestinian public figure and wealthy landowner during the Ottoman Empire, the British Mandate and the Jordanian administration.

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Raid on the Suez Canal

The Raid on the Suez Canal, also known as Actions on the Suez Canal, took place between 26 January and 4 February 1915 when a German-led Ottoman Army force advanced from Southern Palestine to attack the British Empire-protected Suez Canal, marking the beginning of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (1915–1918) of World War I (1914–1918).

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Rameh

Rameh (الرامة; רָמָה; alternatively spelled ar-Rame or ar-Rama) is an Arab town in the Northern District of Israel.

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Ramla

Ramla or Ramle (רַמְלָה, Ramlā; الرملة, ar-Ramleh) is a city in the Central District of Israel.

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Rehovot

Rehovot (רְחוֹבוֹת /) is a city in the Central District of Israel, about south of Tel Aviv.

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Reineh

Reineh is an Arab town in northern Israel.

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Reuben Alcalay

Reuben Alcalay ראובן אלקלעי (also called Reuven; 1907 in Jerusalem – 1976 in Jerusalem) was an Israeli lexicographer and author of the most comprehensive English-Hebrew-English dictionary, which expanded the dictionaries of Ben-Yehuda (Ben-Yehuda Dictionary), Avraham Even-Shoshan (Even-Shoshan Dictionary), Judah Even Shemuel (Kaufmann), Meir Medan, Harry Torczyner (Tur-Sinai), and Jacob Knaani.

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Reuven Shiloah

Reuven Shiloah (ראובן שילוח; 20 December 1909 – 10 May 1959) was the first Director of the Mossad from 1949 to 1953.

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Rishon LeZion

Rishon LeZion (רִאשׁוֹן לְצִיּוֹן, "First to Zion") is a city in Israel, located along the central Israeli coastal plain south of Tel Aviv.

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Rosh Pinna

Rosh Pina or Rosh Pinna (רֹאשׁ פִּנָּה, lit. Cornerstone) is a local council in the Korazim Plateau in the Upper Galilee on the eastern slopes of Mount Kna'an in the Northern District of Israel.

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Rosh yeshiva

Rosh yeshiva (ראש ישיבה, pl. ראשי ישיבה,; Anglicized pl. rosh yeshivas) is the title given to the dean of a yeshiva, a Jewish educational institution that focuses on the study of traditional religious texts, primarily the Talmud and the Torah, and halakha (Jewish law).

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Rushdi al-Shawwa

Rushdi Sa'id Shawwa Bey (رشـدي الحـاج سعيـد الشـوا) (b. 1889 – 5 December 1965) was the mayor of Gaza from 1939 to 1952.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)

The Russo-Turkish War (lit, named for the year 1293 in the Islamic calendar; Russko-turetskaya voyna, "Russian–Turkish war") was a conflict between the Ottoman Empire and a coalition led by the Russian Empire which included Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro.

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Ruth Amiran

Ruth Amiran (רות עמירן;; December 8, 1914 – December 14, 2005) was an Israeli archaeologist whose book Ancient Pottery of the Holy Land: From Its Beginnings in the Neolithic Period to the End of the Iron Age which was published in 1970 is a standard reference for archaeologists working in Israel.

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Ruth Dayan

Ruth Dayan (רות דיין; 6 March 1917 – 5 February 2021) was an Israeli social activist who was the founder of the Maskit fashion house.

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S. Yizhar

Yizhar Smilansky (27 September 1916 – 21 August 2006), known by his pen name S. Yizhar, was an Israeli writer and politician.

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Sabbatai Zevi

Sabbatai Zevi (Sabetay Sevi; August 1, 1626 –) was an Ottoman Jewish mystic, and ordained rabbi from Smyrna (now İzmir, Turkey).

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Sabbateans

The Sabbateans (or Sabbatians) were a variety of Jewish followers, disciples, and believers in Sabbatai Zevi (1626–1676), an Ottoman Jewish rabbi and Kabbalist who was proclaimed to be the Jewish Messiah in 1666 by Nathan of Gaza.

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Safavid Iran

Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire,, officially known as the Guarded Domains of Iran, was one of the largest and long-standing Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.

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Safed

Safed (also known as Tzfat; צְפַת, Ṣəfaṯ; صفد, Ṣafad) is a city in the Northern District of Israel.

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Saleh Suleiman

Saleh Suleiman (صالح سليمان, צאלח סלימאן; 1888 – 24 November 1980) was an Israeli Arab politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Progress and Work between 1955 and 1959.

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Sara Levi-Tanai

Sara Levi-Tanai (שרה לוי-תנאי; c. 1910 – 3 October 2005) was an Israeli choreographer and song writer.

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Sarah Aaronsohn

Sarah Aaronsohn; 5 January 1890 – 9 October 1917) was a member of Nili, a ring of Jewish spies working for the British in World War I, and a sister of agronomist Aaron Aaronsohn. She is often referred to as the "heroine of Nili.".

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Sea of Galilee

The Sea of Galilee (יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel.

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Second Battle of Gaza

The Second Battle of Gaza was fought on 17–19 April 1917, following the defeat of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) at the First Battle of Gaza in March, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of the First World War.

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Selim I

Selim I (سليماول; I.; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520.

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Sephardic Jews

Sephardic Jews (Djudíos Sefardíes), also known as Sephardi Jews or Sephardim, and rarely as Iberian Peninsular Jews, are a Jewish diaspora population associated with the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal).

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Sharif of Mecca

The Sharif of Mecca (Sharīf Makkah) or Hejaz (Sharīf al-Ḥijāz) was the title of the leader of the Sharifate of Mecca, traditional steward of the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina and the surrounding Hejaz.

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Sharifian Army

The Sharifian Army (الجيش الشريفي), also known as the Arab Army (الجيش العربي), or the Hejazi Army (الجيش الحجازي) was the military force behind the Arab Revolt which was a part of the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. Sharif Hussein Ibn Ali of the Kingdom of Hejaz, who was proclaimed "Sultan of the Arabs" in 1916, led the Sharifian Army in a rebellion against the Ottoman Empire with the ultimate goal of uniting the Arab people under an independent government.

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Shlomo Zalman Auerbach

Shlomo Zalman Auerbach (שלמה זלמן אויערבאך; July 20, 1910 – February 20, 1995) was an Orthodox Jewish rabbi, posek, and rosh yeshiva of the Kol Torah yeshiva in Jerusalem.

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Shmuel Tankus

Aluf (Rear Admiral) Shmuel "Shmulik" Tankus (שמואל טנקוס‎; 14 November 1914 – 4 March 2012) was the fifth commander of the Israeli Navy, serving from 30 June 1954 until 1960.

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Shneior Lifson

Shneior Lifson (שניאור ליפסון; 18 March 1914, in Tel Aviv – 22 January 2001, in Rehovot), was an Israeli chemical physicist, scientific director of the Weizmann Institute of Science, a founder of the Open University of Israel, and laureate of the 1969 Israel Prize in the life sciences.

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Sholom Schwadron

Sholom Mordechai Hakohen Schwadron (הרב שלום מרדכי הכהן שבדרון) (1912–21 December 1997) was a Haredi rabbi and orator.

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Shoshana Shababo

Shoshana Shababo (שושנה שבבו 1910–1992) was an Israeli writer.

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Sidon

Sidon or Saida (Ṣaydā) is the third-largest city in Lebanon.

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Siege

A siege (lit) is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault.

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Siege of Acre (1799)

The siege of Acre of 1799 was an unsuccessful French siege of the Ottoman city of Acre (now Akko in modern Israel) and was the turning point of Napoleon's invasion of Egypt and Syria, along with the Battle of the Nile.

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Siege of Jaffa

The siege of Jaffa was a military engagement between the French army under Napoleon Bonaparte and Ottoman forces under Ahmed al-Jazzar.

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Silat al-Harithiya

Silat al-Harithiya (سيلة الحارثية) is a Palestinian village in the Jenin Governorate of Palestine, located northwest of Jenin in the northern West Bank.

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Sinai and Palestine campaign

The Sinai and Palestine campaign was part of the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, taking place between January 1915 and October 1918.

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Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (سِينَاء; سينا; Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.

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Smyrna

Smyrna (Smýrnē, or Σμύρνα) was an Ancient Greek city located at a strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia.

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Sphere of influence

In the field of international relations, a sphere of influence is a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military, or political exclusivity.

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SS Exodus

Exodus 1947 was a packet steamship that was built in the United States in 1928 as President Warfield for the Baltimore Steam Packet Company.

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Stephan Hanna Stephan

Stephan Hanna Stephan (1894–1949), also St H Stephan, was a Palestinian writer, translator and radio broadcaster of history and folklore in Palestine.

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Suez Canal

The Suez Canal (قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia (and by extension, the Sinai Peninsula from the rest of Egypt).

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Suleiman the Magnificent

Suleiman I (Süleyman-ı Evvel; I.,; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in Western Europe and Suleiman the Lawgiver (Ḳānūnī Sulṭān Süleymān) in his Ottoman realm, was the longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death in 1566.

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Supreme Court of Israel

The Supreme Court of Israel (Hebrew acronym Bagatz; al-Maḥkama al-‘Ulyā) is the highest court in Israel.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe.

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Sykes–Picot Agreement

The Sykes–Picot Agreement was a 1916 secret treaty between the United Kingdom and France, with assent from the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy, to define their mutually agreed spheres of influence and control in an eventual partition of the Ottoman Empire.

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Syria (region)

Syria (Hieroglyphic Luwian: Sura/i; Συρία; ܣܘܪܝܐ) or Sham (Ash-Shām) is a historical region located east of the Mediterranean Sea in West Asia, broadly synonymous with the Levant.

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Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–1835)

The Syrian Peasant Revolt was an armed uprising of Levantine peasant classes against the rule of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt in 1834–35. Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–1835) are Ottoman Palestine.

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T. E. Lawrence

Thomas Edward Lawrence (16 August 1888 – 19 May 1935) was a British archaeologist, army officer, diplomat, and writer who became renowned for his role in the Arab Revolt (1916–1918) and the Sinai and Palestine Campaign (1915–1918) against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.

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Tanzimat

The (lit, see nizam) was a period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that began with the Gülhane Hatt-ı Şerif in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876.

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Tarab Abdul Hadi

Tarab Abdul Hadi (طَرب عبد الهادي), also transliterated Tarab 'Abd al-Hadi, (1910–1976) was a Palestinian activist and feminist.

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Tawfiq Canaan

Tawfiq Canaan (توفيق كنعان) (24 September 1882 – 15 January 1964) was a pioneering Palestinian physician, medical researcher, ethnographer, and Palestinian nationalist.

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Tayibe

Tayibe, also spelled Taibeh or Tayiba, (translit, South Levantine pronunciation:; טַיִּבָּה) is an Arab city in central Israel, north east of Kfar Saba.

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Tel Aviv

Tel Aviv-Yafo (translit,; translit), usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel.

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Theodor Herzl

Theodor Herzl (2 May 1860 – 3 July 1904) was an Austro-Hungarian Jewish journalist, lawyer, writer, playwright and political activist who was the father of modern political Zionism.

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Third Battle of Gaza

The Third Battle of Gaza was fought on the night of 1–2 November 1917 between British and Ottoman forces during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I and came after the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) victory at the Battle of Beersheba had ended the Stalemate in Southern Palestine.

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Tiberias

Tiberias (טְבֶרְיָה,; Ṭabariyyā) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.

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Tony Cliff

Tony Cliff (born Yigael Glückstein, יגאל גליקשטיין; 20 May 1917 – 9 April 2000) was a Trotskyist activist.

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Transjordan (region)

Transjordan, the East Bank, or the Transjordanian Highlands (شرق الأردن), is the part of the Southern Levant east of the Jordan River, mostly contained in present-day Jordan.

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Trotskyism

Trotskyism is the political ideology and branch of Marxism developed by Russian revolutionary and intellectual Leon Trotsky along with some other members of the Left Opposition and the Fourth International.

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Tunisia

Tunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is the northernmost country in Africa.

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Umar

Umar ibn al-Khattab (ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr as the second caliph, until his assassination in 644.

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Umayyad Mosque

The Umayyad Mosque (al-Jāmiʿ al-Umawī), also known as the Great Mosque of Damascus, located in the old city of Damascus, the capital of Syria, is one of the largest and oldest mosques in the world.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.

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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.

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Upper Galilee

The Upper Galilee (הגליל העליון, HaGalil Ha'Elyon; الجليل الأعلى, Al Jaleel Al A'alaa) is a geographical region located in northern Israel.

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Walls of Jerusalem

The Walls of Jerusalem (חומות ירושלים, أسوار القدس) surround the Old City of Jerusalem (approx. 1 km2).

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West Asia

West Asia, also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost region of Asia.

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Wilhelm II

Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as the Hohenzollern dynasty's 300-year rule of Prussia.

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World War I

World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.

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World Zionist Congress

The Zionist Congress was established in 1897 by Theodor Herzl as the supreme organ of the Zionist Organization (ZO) and its legislative authority.

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Ya'akov Frank

Ya'akov Frank (12 March 1913 – 10 July 1993) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Alignment between 1975 and 1977.

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Ya'akov Gil (politician born 1908)

Rabbi Ya'akov Gil (יעקב גיל, born Ya'akov Lipshitz in 1908, died 22 October 1990) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset between 1949 and 1951.

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Ya'akov Mizrahi

Ya'akov Mizrahi (1919 – 13 August 1980) was an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Agudat Yisrael between 1972 and 1974.

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Ya'akov Moshe Toledano

Rabbi Ya'akov Moshe Toledano (יעקב משה טולדאנו, 18 August 1880 – 15 October 1960) was an Israeli rabbi who served as Minister of Religions for two brief periods between 1958 and 1960.

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Yaakov Ades

Yaakov Hai Zion Ades (יעקב חי ציון עדס, February 24, 1898 – July 19, 1963), also spelled Adas or Adess, was a Sephardi Hakham, Rosh Yeshiva, and Rabbinical High Court judge.

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Yaakov Meir

Yaakov Meir CBE (1856–1939), was an Orthodox rabbi, and the first Sephardic Chief Rabbi appointed under the British Mandate of Palestine.

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Yair Sprinzak

Professor Yair Sprinzak (יאיר שפרינצק, 8 November 1911 – 6 September 1999) was an Israeli scientist and politician who served as a Knesset for Moledet between 1988 and 1992.

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Yaqub al-Ghusayn

Yaqub al-Ghusayn (يعقوب الغصين) (1899–1948) was a Palestinian landowner from Ramla and the founder of the Youth Congress Party.

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Yavne'el

Yavne'el (יַבְנְאֵל, يفنيئيل) is a moshava and local council in the Northern District of Israel.

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Yehoshua Bar-Yosef

Yehoshua Bar-Yosef (יהושע בר-יוסף, b. 29 May 1912 d. 7 October 1992) was an Israeli writer.

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Yehoshua Zettler

Yehoshua Zettler (July 15, 1917 – May 20, 2009; last name also spelled as Zeitler) was an Israeli who served as the Jerusalem commander of the Jewish paramilitary group Lehi, often called the Stern Gang.

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Yehuda Burla

Yehuda Burla (יהודה בורלא; born 18 September 1886, died 7 November 1969) was an Israeli author.

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Yehuda Cohen

Yehuda Cohen (יהודה כהן; 23 January 1914 – 8 August 2009) was an Israeli judge.

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Yehuda Tzadka

Yehuda Yehoshua Tzadka (יהודה צדקה; 13 January 1910 – 20 October 1991) was a respected Sephardi rabbi and rosh yeshiva of the Porat Yosef Yeshiva in Jerusalem.

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Yeshayahu Press

Yeshayahu Press (March 2, 1874 – June 11, 1955) was a prominent researcher of the land of Israel and educator, who was born and lived most of his life in Jerusalem.

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Yigael Yadin

Yigael Yadin (יִגָּאֵל יָדִין; 20 March 1917 – 28 June 1984) was an Israeli archeologist, soldier and politician.

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Yigal Allon

Yigal Allon (יגאל אלון; 10 October 1918 – 29 February 1980) was an Israeli military leader and politician.

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Yigal Hurvitz

Yigal Hurvitz (15 October 1918 – 10 January 1994) was an Israeli farmer, businessman and politician who served as a government minister in the late 1970s and 1980s.

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Yigal Mossinson

Yigal Mossinson (יגאל מוסינזון; 25 December 1917 – 1 May 1994), also known as Igal Mossinsohn, Yigal Mosenzon and Yig'al Mosinzon, was an Israeli novelist, playwright, and inventor.

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Yisroel Ber Odesser

Rabbi Yisroel Dov Ber Odesser (ישראל דב בער אדסר) (approx. 1888 – 23 October 1994), also known as Reb Odesser or Sabba ("grandfather" in Hebrew), was a Breslover Hasid and rabbi who claimed to have received a Letter From Heaven sent directly to him by Rebbe Nachman of Breslov, who had died 112 years earlier, revealing to him a new remedy for relieving the world's suffering and illness.

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Yitzhak Arieli

Yitzhak Arieli (יצחק אריאלי; born 1896, died 5 April 1974) was a leading Israeli rabbi.

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Yitzhaq Shami

Yitzhaq Shami (יצחק שמי) (August 4, 1888 – March 1, 1949) was a Palestinian Jewish and Israeli writer, who wrote both in Arabic and Hebrew.

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Yizhar Harari

Yizhar Harari (16 July 1908 – 1 February 1978) was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician.

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Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche

Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche (יוסף אליהו שלוש, 1870 – 23 July 1934) was one of the founders of Tel Aviv, an entrepreneur, businessman, and industrialist.

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Yosef Navon

Yosef Navon (1858–1934) was a Jerusalem businessman and the man principally responsible for the construction of the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway.

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Yosef Sapir

Yosef Sapir (יוסף ספיר; January 27, 1902 – February 26, 1972) was an Israeli politician and Knesset member of the 1st to 7th Knessets.

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Yosef Yoel Rivlin

Yosef Yoel Rivlin (11 October 1889–April 15, 1971) was an Israeli Oriental studies scholar, a professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and a member of the Academy of the Hebrew Language.

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Yossi Harel

Yossi Harel (יוסי הראל; January 4, 1918 – April 26, 2008) was the commander of the operation and a leading member of the Israeli intelligence community.

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Yusuf Abu Durra

Yusuf Sa'id Abu Durra (1900 – 18 February 1940), also known as Abu Abed was one of the chief Palestinian Arab rebel commanders during the 1936–39 Arab revolt in Palestine.

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Zahara Schatz

Zahara Schatz (זהרה ש"ץ; 1916–1999), was an Israeli artist and designer.

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Zaki Alhadif

Zaki Alhadif (1890 – October 27 1938) was a Sephardic Jewish politician in Mandatory Palestine who served as the mayor of Tiberias.

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Zikhron Ya'akov

Zikhron Ya'akov (זִכְרוֹן יַעֲקֹב, lit. "Jacob's Memorial"; often shortened to just Zikhron) is a town in Israel, south of Haifa, and part of the Haifa District.

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Zionism

Zionism is an ethno-cultural nationalist movement that emerged in Europe in the late 19th century and aimed for the establishment of a Jewish state through the colonization of a land outside of Europe.

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Zvi Berenson

Zvi Berenson (Hebrew: צבי ברנזון, February 26, 1907 – January 30, 2001) was an Israeli jurist who served as a judge on the Supreme Court of Israel.

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1915 Ottoman Syria locust plague

From March to October 1915, swarms of locusts stripped areas in and around Palestine, Mount Lebanon and Syria of almost all vegetation.

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1917 Jaffa deportation

Tel Aviv and Jaffa deportation was the evacuation on April 6, 1917, of 10,000 people from Jaffa, including Tel Aviv, by the authorities of the Ottoman Empire in Palestine.

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1918 in British-administered Palestine

Events in the year 1918 in British-administered Palestine (British-controlled part of OETA territory).

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1948 Arab–Israeli War

The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the civil war in Mandatory Palestine as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war.

See Timeline of Ottoman Syria history and 1948 Arab–Israeli War

See also

History of Ottoman Syria

• 1757 Hajj caravan raid
• Al Fadl
• Ali Janbulad
• Aliyah
• Banu Nu'aym
• Battle of Lake Huleh (1771)
• French campaign in Egypt and Syria
• French invasion of Egypt and Syria
• Henry Maundrell
• Jarm
• Prise d'Alexandrie
• Samuel Lyde
• Sieges of Tiberias (1742–1743)
• Stella Maris Monastery
• Timeline of Ottoman Syria history

• 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire
• 4th Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire
• 5th Chamber of Deputies of the Ottoman Empire
• Bibliography of the Ottoman Empire
• Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915
• Haseki sultan
• Journalists of the Balkan Wars
• List of Mamluk titles and appellations
• List of Ottoman Armenians
• List of Ottoman imperial consorts
• List of Ottoman mosques in İzmir
• List of Ottoman people
• List of Ottoman post offices in Palestine
• List of Ottoman postal rates in Palestine
• List of Ottoman princesses
• List of Ottoman scientists
• List of Ottoman titles and appellations
• List of Sheikh-ul-Islams of the Ottoman Empire
• List of ambassadors of France to the Ottoman Empire
• List of campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent
• List of cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire
• List of diplomatic missions of the Ottoman Empire
• List of foreigners who were in the service of the Ottoman Empire
• List of governors of Gaza
• List of mosques commissioned by the Ottoman dynasty
• List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans
• List of political parties in the Ottoman Empire
• List of rebellions in the Ottoman Empire
• List of revolts under Suleiman the Magnificent
• List of schools in the Ottoman Empire
• List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire
• List of treaties of the Ottoman Empire
• Mehmed II's campaigns
• Ministries of the Ottoman Empire
• Ottoman dynasty
• Ottoman palaces in Istanbul
• Ottoman units of measurement
• Outline of the Ottoman Empire
• Pasha of Tripoli
• Ports of the Ottoman Empire
• Timeline of Ottoman Syria history
• Timeline of the Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Palestine

• Abu Ghosh clan
• Al-Burini
• Arab Revolt
• Batei Mahse
• Battle of Beersheba (1917)
• Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa
• De Bunsen Committee
• Edict of Toleration (1844)
• Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby
• El-Jazzar Mosque
• Farrukh Pasha
• Gaza Sanjak
• Jerusalem Sanjak
• John Zeller
• Kollel Hod
• Mehmed Pasha Kurd Bayram
• Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem
• Naqib al-Ashraf revolt
• Nathan Straus
• Ottoman Land Code of 1858
• Outrages at Jaffa
• Peasants' revolt in Palestine
• Qays–Yaman rivalry
• Ridwan dynasty
• Rum (endonym)
• Rural notables (Palestine)
• Sieges of Tiberias (1742–1743)
• Southern Syria
• Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–1835)
• Throne villages
• Timeline of Ottoman Syria history
• Turabay dynasty
• Turabay ibn Qaraja
• White Mosque, Nazareth
• Yedidyah Raphael Chai Abulafiya

Ottoman period in Lebanon

• 1585 Ottoman expedition against the Druze
• 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus
• Alam al-Din dynasty
• Assaf dynasty
• Bashir III
• Battle of Ain Dara
• Battle of Anjar
• Battle of Lake Huleh (1771)
• Buhturids
• Christianity and Druze
• Double Qaim-Maqamate of Mount Lebanon
• Druze power struggle (1658–1667)
• El Assaad Family
• Emirate of Mount Lebanon
• Great Famine of Mount Lebanon
• Harfush dynasty
• History of Kfarsghab
• History of Lebanon under Ottoman rule
• Ibn Sibat
• Ma'n dynasty
• Mansur ibn Furaykh
• Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate
• Nasif al-Nassar
• Qays–Yaman rivalry
• Règlement Organique (Mount Lebanon)
• Rum (endonym)
• Sanjak of Damascus
• Sawwaf family
• Shihab dynasty
• Sidon Eyalet
• Sidon-Beirut Sanjak
• Tannus al-Shidyaq
• Tanyus Shahin
• Timeline of Ottoman Syria history
• Youssef Bey Karam
• Yusuf Sayfa

Syrian history timelines

• Timeline of Ottoman Syria history
• Timeline of Syrian history
• Timeline of the Principality of Antioch

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Ottoman_Syria_history

Also known as 1897 in Ottoman Syria, 1898 in Ottoman Syria, 1899 in Ottoman Syria, 1900 in Ottoman Syria, 1901 in Ottoman Syria, 1902 in Ottoman Syria, 1903 in Ottoman Syria, 1904 in Ottoman Syria, 1905 in Ottoman Syria, 1906 in Ottoman Syria, 1907 in Ottoman Syria, 1908 in Ottoman Syria, 1909 in Ottoman Syria, 1910 in Ottoman Syria, 1911 in Ottoman Syria, 1912 in Ottoman Syria, 1913 in Ottoman Syria, 1914 in Ottoman Syria, 1915 in Ottoman Syria, 1916 in Ottoman Syria, 1917 in Ottoman Syria, 1918 in Ottoman Syria, History of Ottoman Syria, Timeline of Ottoman Syria, Timelines of Ottoman Syria history.

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Yizhar, Sabbatai Zevi, Sabbateans, Safavid Iran, Safed, Saleh Suleiman, Sara Levi-Tanai, Sarah Aaronsohn, Sea of Galilee, Second Battle of Gaza, Selim I, Sephardic Jews, Sharif of Mecca, Sharifian Army, Shlomo Zalman Auerbach, Shmuel Tankus, Shneior Lifson, Sholom Schwadron, Shoshana Shababo, Sidon, Siege, Siege of Acre (1799), Siege of Jaffa, Silat al-Harithiya, Sinai and Palestine campaign, Sinai Peninsula, Smyrna, Sphere of influence, SS Exodus, Stephan Hanna Stephan, Suez Canal, Suleiman the Magnificent, Supreme Court of Israel, Switzerland, Sykes–Picot Agreement, Syria (region), Syrian Peasant Revolt (1834–1835), T. E. Lawrence, Tanzimat, Tarab Abdul Hadi, Tawfiq Canaan, Tayibe, Tel Aviv, Theodor Herzl, Third Battle of Gaza, Tiberias, Tony Cliff, Transjordan (region), Trotskyism, Tunisia, Umar, Umayyad Mosque, United Kingdom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Upper Galilee, Walls of Jerusalem, West Asia, Wilhelm II, World War I, World Zionist Congress, Ya'akov Frank, Ya'akov Gil (politician born 1908), Ya'akov Mizrahi, Ya'akov Moshe Toledano, Yaakov Ades, Yaakov Meir, Yair Sprinzak, Yaqub al-Ghusayn, Yavne'el, Yehoshua Bar-Yosef, Yehoshua Zettler, Yehuda Burla, Yehuda Cohen, Yehuda Tzadka, Yeshayahu Press, Yigael Yadin, Yigal Allon, Yigal Hurvitz, Yigal Mossinson, Yisroel Ber Odesser, Yitzhak Arieli, Yitzhaq Shami, Yizhar Harari, Yosef Eliyahu Chelouche, Yosef Navon, Yosef Sapir, Yosef Yoel Rivlin, Yossi Harel, Yusuf Abu Durra, Zahara Schatz, Zaki Alhadif, Zikhron Ya'akov, Zionism, Zvi Berenson, 1915 Ottoman Syria locust plague, 1917 Jaffa deportation, 1918 in British-administered Palestine, 1948 Arab–Israeli War.