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Amargasaurus, the Glossary

Amargasaurus ("La Amarga lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous epoch (129.4–122.46 mya) of what is now Argentina.^[1]

129 relations: Amargasuchus, Amargatitanis, Ameghiniana, Anatomical terms of location, Ancient Greek, Antorbital fenestra, Aptian, Arabian oryx, Argentina, Arroyo (watercourse), Artiodactyl, Bajadasaurus, Ball-and-socket joint, Barremian, Basal (phylogenetics), Bending moment, Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum, Bison, Body plan, Bone, Bovidae, Brachytrachelopan, Braided river, Buenos Aires, Carnotaurus, Ceratosauria, Cervical vertebrae, Clade, Cladogram, Cladotheria, Conglomerate (geology), Coracoid, Cretaceous, Crocodylomorpha, CT scan, Dendrochronology, Diapsid, Dicraeosauridae, Dicraeosaurus, Dimetrodon, Dinosaur, Diplodocidae, Diplodocoidea, Diplodocus, Dyslocosaurus, Dystrophaeus, Early Cretaceous, Endocast, Family (biology), Fontanelle, ... Expand index (79 more) »
Aptian genus extinctions
Barremian genus first appearances
Dicraeosaurids
Early Cretaceous sauropods
La Amarga Formation
Monotypic sauropod genera
Sauropods of South America

Amargasuchus

Amargasuchus is an extinct genus of crocodylomorph. Amargasaurus and Amargasuchus are Cretaceous Argentina, fossils of Argentina and la Amarga Formation.

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Amargatitanis (meaning "Amarga giant") is a genus of dicraeosaurid sauropod dinosaur (a type of large, long-necked quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur) from the Barremian-age (Lower Cretaceous) La Amarga Formation of Neuquén, Argentina. Amargasaurus and Amargatitanis are Cretaceous Argentina, dicraeosaurids, early Cretaceous sauropods, fossils of Argentina and la Amarga Formation.

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Ameghiniana

Ameghiniana is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering palaeontology published by the Asociación Paleontológica Argentina.

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Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

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Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.

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Antorbital fenestra

An antorbital fenestra (plural: fenestrae) is an opening in the skull that is in front of the eye sockets.

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Aptian

The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column.

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Arabian oryx

The Arabian oryx or white oryx (Oryx leucoryx) is a medium-sized antelope with a distinct shoulder bump, long, straight horns, and a tufted tail.

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Argentina

Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America.

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Arroyo (watercourse)

An arroyo, from Spanish arroyo ("brook"), also called a wash, is a dry watercourse that temporarily or seasonally fills and flows after sufficient rain.

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Artiodactyl

Artiodactyls are placental mammals belonging to the order Artiodactyla. Typically, they are ungulates which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes (the third and fourth, often in the form of a hoof).

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Bajadasaurus

Bajadasaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous epoch (late Berriasian to Valanginian stages, between 145 and 132.9 million years ago) of northern Patagonia, Argentina. Amargasaurus and Bajadasaurus are Cretaceous Argentina, dicraeosaurids, early Cretaceous sauropods, fossils of Argentina and Monotypic sauropod genera.

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Ball-and-socket joint

The ball-and-socket joint (or spheroid joint) is a type of synovial joint in which the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone.

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Barremian

The Barremian is an age in the geologic timescale (or a chronostratigraphic stage) between 125.77 Ma (million years ago) and 121.4 ± 1.0 Ma (Historically, this stage was placed at 129.4 million to approximately 125 million years ago) It is a subdivision of the Early Cretaceous Epoch (or Lower Cretaceous Series).

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Basal (phylogenetics)

In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram.

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Bending moment

In solid mechanics, a bending moment is the reaction induced in a structural element when an external force or moment is applied to the element, causing the element to bend.

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Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum

The Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia) is a public museum located in the Caballito neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina.

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Bison

A bison (bison) is a large bovine in the genus Bison (Greek: "wild ox" (bison)) within the tribe Bovini.

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Body plan

A body plan, Bauplan, or ground plan is a set of morphological features common to many members of a phylum of animals.

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Bone

A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals.

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Bovidae

The Bovidae comprise the biological family of cloven-hoofed, ruminant mammals that includes cattle, yaks, bison, buffalo, antelopes (including goat-antelopes), sheep and goats.

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Brachytrachelopan

Brachytrachelopan is a short-necked sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian) of Argentina. Amargasaurus and Brachytrachelopan are dicraeosaurids, fossils of Argentina, Monotypic sauropod genera and sauropods of South America.

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Braided river

A braided river (also called braided channel or braided stream) consists of a network of river channels separated by small, often temporary, islands called braid bars or, in British English usage, aits or eyots.

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Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires, officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the capital and primate city of Argentina.

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Carnotaurus

Carnotaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur that lived in South America during the Late Cretaceous period, probably sometime between 72 and 69 million years ago. Amargasaurus and Carnotaurus are Cretaceous Argentina, fossils of Argentina and taxa named by José Bonaparte.

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Ceratosauria

Ceratosaurs are members of the clade Ceratosauria, a group of dinosaurs defined as all theropods sharing a more recent common ancestor with Ceratosaurus than with birds.

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Cervical vertebrae

In tetrapods, cervical vertebrae (vertebra) are the vertebrae of the neck, immediately below the skull.

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Clade

In biological phylogenetics, a clade, also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a grouping of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree.

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Cladogram

A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms.

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Cladotheria

Cladotheria is a clade (sometimes ranked as a legion) of mammals.

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Conglomerate (geology)

Conglomerate is a clastic sedimentary rock that is composed of a substantial fraction of rounded to subangular gravel-size clasts.

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Coracoid

A coracoid (from Greek κόραξ, koraks, raven) is a paired bone which is part of the shoulder assembly in all vertebrates except therian mammals (marsupials and placentals).

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Cretaceous

The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).

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Crocodylomorpha

Crocodylomorpha is a group of pseudosuchian archosaurs that includes the crocodilians and their extinct relatives.

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CT scan

A computed tomography scan (CT scan; formerly called computed axial tomography scan or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique used to obtain detailed internal images of the body.

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Dendrochronology

Dendrochronology (or tree-ring dating) is the scientific method of dating tree rings (also called growth rings) to the exact year they were formed in a tree.

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Diapsid

Diapsids ("two arches") are a clade of sauropsids, distinguished from more primitive eureptiles by the presence of two holes, known as temporal fenestrae, in each side of their skulls.

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Dicraeosauridae

Dicraeosauridae is a family of diplodocoid sauropods who are the sister group to Diplodocidae. Amargasaurus and Dicraeosauridae are dicraeosaurids.

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Dicraeosaurus

Dicraeosaurus (Gr. δικραιος, dikraios "bifurcated, double-headed" + Gr. σαυρος, sauros "lizard") is a genus of diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur that lived in what is now Lindi Region, Tanzania during the late Jurassic period. Amargasaurus and Dicraeosaurus are dicraeosaurids.

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Dimetrodon

Dimetrodon is an extinct genus of non-mammalian synapsid belonging to the family Sphenacodontidae that lived during the Cisuralian age of the Early Permian period, around 295–272 million years ago.

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Dinosaur

Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.

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Diplodocidae

Diplodocids, or members of the family Diplodocidae ("double beams"), are a group of sauropod dinosaurs.

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Diplodocoidea

Diplodocoidea is a superfamily of sauropod dinosaurs, which included some of the longest animals of all time, including slender giants like Supersaurus, Diplodocus, Apatosaurus, and Amphicoelias.

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Diplodocus

Diplodocus was a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaurs, whose fossils were first discovered in 1877 by S. W. Williston.

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Dyslocosaurus

Dyslocosaurus (meaning "hard-to-place lizard") is the name given in 1992 to a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period of Wyoming, North America. Amargasaurus and Dyslocosaurus are dicraeosaurids.

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Dystrophaeus

Dystrophaeus is an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaur.

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Early Cretaceous

The Early Cretaceous (geochronological name) or the Lower Cretaceous (chronostratigraphic name) is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous.

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Endocast

An endocast is the internal cast of a hollow object, often referring to the cranial vault in the study of brain development in humans and other organisms.

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Family (biology)

Family (familia,: familiae) is one of the nine major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy.

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Fontanelle

A fontanelle (or fontanel) (colloquially, soft spot) is an anatomical feature of the infant human skull comprising soft membranous gaps (sutures) between the cranial bones that make up the calvaria of a fetus or an infant.

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Genus

Genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family as used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses.

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Geologic time scale

The geologic time scale or geological time scale (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth.

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Geological formation

A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics (lithology) that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exposed in a geographical region (the stratigraphic column).

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Geologist

A geologist is a scientist who studies the structure, composition, and history of Earth.

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Giant sable antelope

The giant sable antelope or royal sable antelope (Hippotragus niger variani), also known in Portuguese as the palanca-negra-gigante, is a large, rare subspecies of the sable antelope native and endemic to the region between the Cuango and Luando Rivers in Angola.

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Gregory S. Paul

Gregory Scott Paul (born December 24, 1954) is an American freelance researcher, author and illustrator who works in paleontology.

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Hair cell

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of both the auditory system and the vestibular system in the ears of all vertebrates, and in the lateral line organ of fishes.

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Herbivore

A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.

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Holotype

A holotype is a single physical example (or illustration) of an organism used when the species (or lower-ranked taxon) was formally described.

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Horse gait

Horses can use various gaits (patterns of leg movement) during locomotion across solid ground, either naturally or as a result of specialized training by humans.

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Ilium (bone)

The ilium (ilia) is the uppermost and largest region of the coxal bone, and appears in most vertebrates including mammals and birds, but not bony fish.

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Inner ear

The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear.

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Jorge O. Calvo

Jorge Orlando Calvo (27 April 1961 – 10 January 2023) was an Argentine geologist and paleontologist working for "Centro de Investigaciones Paleontológicas Lago Barreales" (National University of Comahue).

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José Bonaparte

José Fernando Bonaparte (14 June 1928–18 February 2020) was an Argentine paleontologist who discovered a plethora of South American dinosaurs and mentored a new generation of Argentine paleontologists.

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Keratin

Keratin is one of a family of structural fibrous proteins also known as scleroproteins.

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La Amarga Formation

The La Amarga Formation is a geologic formation with outcrops in the Argentine provinces of Río Negro, Neuquén, and Mendoza. Amargasaurus and La Amarga Formation are Cretaceous Argentina.

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Lagena (anatomy)

The lagena (from Greek λάγηνος: lágēnos for flask) is a structure found in humans and in animals.

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Leonardo Salgado

Leonardo Salgado is an Argentine palaeontologist with a special interest in dinosaurs of the Cretaceous period and other investigations of the palaeobiology of fossil bearing geological formations.

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Ligabueino

Ligabueino (meaning "Ligabue's little one") is a genus of noasaurid dinosaur named after its discoverer, Italian doctor Giancarlo Ligabue. Amargasaurus and Ligabueino are Cretaceous Argentina, fossils of Argentina, la Amarga Formation and taxa named by José Bonaparte.

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Lingwulong

Lingwulong is a genus of dicraeosaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of what is now Lingwu, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China. Amargasaurus and Lingwulong are dicraeosaurids.

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Lion

The lion (Panthera leo) is a large cat of the genus Panthera, native to Africa and India.

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Macronaria

Macronaria is a clade of sauropod dinosaurs.

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Manus (anatomy)

The manus (Latin for hand, plural manus) is the zoological term for the distal portion of the forelimb of an animal.

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Mark Hallett (artist)

Mark Hallett (born November 21, 1947) is an American artist best known for his illustrations of dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals.

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Matt Wedel

Mathew John Wedel is an American paleontologist.

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Melbourne Museum

The Melbourne Museum is a natural and cultural history museum located in the Carlton Gardens in Melbourne, Australia.

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Million years ago

Million years ago, abbreviated as Mya, Myr (megayear) or Ma (megaannum), is a unit of time equal to (i.e. years), or approximately 31.6 teraseconds.

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Morrison Formation

The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Upper Jurassic sedimentary rock found in the western United States which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America.

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National Geographic Society

The National Geographic Society (NGS), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, is one of the largest nonprofit scientific and educational organizations in the world.

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Neuquén Basin

Neuquén Basin (Cuenca Neuquina) is a sedimentary basin covering most of Neuquén Province in Argentina.

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Neuquén Province

Neuquén is a province of Argentina, located in the west of the country, at the northern end of Patagonia.

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Neural spine sail

A neural spine sail is a large, flattish protrusion from the back of an animal formed of a sequence of extended vertebral spinous processes and associated tissues.

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Nomen nudum

In taxonomy, a nomen nudum ('naked name'; plural nomina nuda) is a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism, and may have originally been intended to be one, but it has not been published with an adequate description.

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Oil

An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is composed primarily of hydrocarbons and is hydrophobic (does not mix with water) and lipophilic (mixes with other oils).

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Ouranosaurus

Ouranosaurus is a genus of herbivorous basal hadrosauriform dinosaur that lived during the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous of modern-day Niger and Cameroon.

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Pablo Groeber

Pablo Groeber (born Paul Friedrich Karl Gröber; 1885–1964) was a German geologist known for his contributions to the understanding of the geology of Tien Shan in Central Asia and the Andes of Nequén and Mendoza Province in Argentina.

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Patagonia

Patagonia is a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile.

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PDF

Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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Pelycosaur

Pelycosaur is an older term for basal or primitive Late Paleozoic synapsids, excluding the therapsids and their descendants.

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Pes (anatomy)

The pes (Latin for foot) is the zoological term for the distal portion of the hind limb of tetrapod animals.

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Picún Leufú Department

Picún Leufú is a department located in the east of Neuquén Province, Argentina.

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Pilmatueia

Pilmatueia is a diplodocoid sauropod belonging to the family Dicraeosauridae that lived in Argentina during the Early Cretaceous. Amargasaurus and Pilmatueia are Cretaceous Argentina, dicraeosaurids, early Cretaceous sauropods and fossils of Argentina.

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Quadrupedalism

Quadrupedalism is a form of locomotion where animals have four legs are used to bear weight and move around.

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Rebbachisauridae

Rebbachisauridae is a family of sauropod dinosaurs known from fragmentary fossil remains from the Cretaceous of South America, Africa, North America, Europe and possibly Central Asia.

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Respiratory system

The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.

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Sacrum

The sacrum (sacra or sacrums), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1S5) between ages 18 and 30.

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Sauropoda

Sauropoda, whose members are known as sauropods (from sauro- + -pod, 'lizard-footed'), is a clade of saurischian ('lizard-hipped') dinosaurs.

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Sauropodomorpha

Sauropodomorpha (from Greek, meaning "lizard-footed forms") is an extinct clade of long-necked, herbivorous, saurischian dinosaurs that includes the sauropods and their ancestral relatives.

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Scapula

The scapula (scapulae or scapulas), also known as the shoulder blade, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).

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Scientific journal

In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication designed to further the progress of science by disseminating new research findings to the scientific community.

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Sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the accumulation or deposition of mineral or organic particles at Earth's surface, followed by cementation.

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Semicircular canals

The semicircular canals are three semicircular interconnected tubes located in the innermost part of each ear, the inner ear.

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Sexual maturity

Sexual maturity is the capability of an organism to reproduce.

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Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Species

A species (species) is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction.

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Species description

A species description is a formal scientific description of a newly encountered species, typically articulated through a scientific publication.

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Spinal cord

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column (backbone) of vertebrate animals.

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Spinosaurus

Spinosaurus is a genus of spinosaurid dinosaur that lived in what now is North Africa during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, about 100 to 94 million years ago.

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Stage (stratigraphy)

In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.

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Stegosauria

Stegosauria is a group of herbivorous ornithischian dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic and early Cretaceous periods.

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Suuwassea

Suuwassea is a genus of dicraeosaurid sauropod dinosaur found in the Upper Jurassic strata of the Morrison Formation, located in southern Carbon County, Montana, United States. Amargasaurus and Suuwassea are dicraeosaurids.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania, (formerly Swahililand) is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Taxonomic rank

In biology, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in an ancestral or hereditary hierarchy.

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Temple (anatomy)

The temple, also known as the pterion, is a latch where four skull bones intersect: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and sphenoid.

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Tendaguru Formation

The Tendaguru Formation, or Tendaguru Beds are a highly fossiliferous formation and Lagerstätte located in the Lindi Region of southeastern Tanzania.

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Tetanurae

Tetanurae (/ˌtɛtəˈnjuːriː/ or "stiff tails") is a clade that includes most theropod dinosaurs, including megalosauroids, allosauroids, tyrannosauroids, ornithomimosaurs, compsognathids and maniraptorans (including birds).

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Tetrapod

A tetrapod is any four-limbed vertebrate animal of the superclass Tetrapoda.

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Theropoda

Theropoda (from ancient Greek whose members are known as theropods, is a dinosaur clade that is characterized by hollow bones and three toes and claws on each limb. Theropods are generally classed as a group of saurischian dinosaurs. They were ancestrally carnivorous, although a number of theropod groups evolved to become herbivores and omnivores.

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Thin section

In optical mineralogy and petrography, a thin section (or petrographic thin section) is a thin slice of a rock or mineral sample, prepared in a laboratory, for use with a polarizing petrographic microscope, electron microscope and electron microprobe.

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Trematochampsidae

Trematochampsidae is an extinct family of mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms.

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Ungulate

Ungulates are members of the diverse clade Euungulata ("true ungulates"), which primarily consists of large mammals with hooves.

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Vertebra

Each vertebra (vertebrae) is an irregular bone with a complex structure composed of bone and some hyaline cartilage, that make up the vertebral column or spine, of vertebrates.

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Vertebral column

The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.

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Vestibular system

The vestibular system, in vertebrates, is a sensory system that creates the sense of balance and spatial orientation for the purpose of coordinating movement with balance.

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Vincelestes

Vincelestes ("Vince's thief") is an extinct genus of mammal that lived in what is now South America during the Early Cretaceous. Amargasaurus and Vincelestes are Aptian genus extinctions, Barremian genus first appearances, Cretaceous Argentina, fossils of Argentina and la Amarga Formation.

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White rhinoceros

The white rhinoceros, white rhino or square-lipped rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) is the largest extant species of rhinoceros. It has a wide mouth used for grazing and is the most social of all rhino species. The white rhinoceros consists of two subspecies: the southern white rhinoceros, with an estimated 16,803 wild-living animals, and the much rarer northern white rhinoceros.

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YPF

YPF S.A. (formerly Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales; English: "Fiscal Oilfields") is a vertically integrated, majority state-owned Argentine energy company, engaged in oil and gas exploration and production, and the transportation, refining, and marketing of gas and petroleum products.

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Zapala

Zapala is a city and touristic destination in the Patagonian province of Neuquén, Argentina with about 32,000 inhabitants according to the.

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Zapalasaurus

Zapalasaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur described by Leonardo Salgado, Ismar de Souza Carvalho and Alberto Garrido in 2006. Amargasaurus and Zapalasaurus are Cretaceous Argentina, fossils of Argentina and la Amarga Formation.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amargasaurus

Also known as Amargasaurus cazaui, Amargasaurus groeberi.

, Genus, Geologic time scale, Geological formation, Geologist, Giant sable antelope, Gregory S. Paul, Hair cell, Herbivore, Holotype, Horse gait, Ilium (bone), Inner ear, Jorge O. Calvo, José Bonaparte, Keratin, La Amarga Formation, Lagena (anatomy), Leonardo Salgado, Ligabueino, Lingwulong, Lion, Macronaria, Manus (anatomy), Mark Hallett (artist), Matt Wedel, Melbourne Museum, Million years ago, Morrison Formation, National Geographic Society, Neuquén Basin, Neuquén Province, Neural spine sail, Nomen nudum, Oil, Ouranosaurus, Pablo Groeber, Patagonia, PDF, Pelycosaur, Pes (anatomy), Picún Leufú Department, Pilmatueia, Quadrupedalism, Rebbachisauridae, Respiratory system, Sacrum, Sauropoda, Sauropodomorpha, Scapula, Scientific journal, Sedimentary rock, Semicircular canals, Sexual maturity, Spanish language, Species, Species description, Spinal cord, Spinosaurus, Stage (stratigraphy), Stegosauria, Suuwassea, Tanzania, Taxonomic rank, Temple (anatomy), Tendaguru Formation, Tetanurae, Tetrapod, Theropoda, Thin section, Trematochampsidae, Ungulate, Vertebra, Vertebral column, Vestibular system, Vincelestes, White rhinoceros, YPF, Zapala, Zapalasaurus.

Amargasaurus, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Aptian genus extinctions

Barremian genus first appearances

Dicraeosaurids

Early Cretaceous sauropods

La Amarga Formation

Monotypic sauropod genera

Sauropods of South America

References