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Music in the movement against apartheid, the Glossary

Index Music in the movement against apartheid

The apartheid regime in South Africa began in 1948 and lasted until 1994.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 154 relations: A-side and B-side, Abdullah Ibrahim, African National Congress, Afrika Bambaataa, Afrikaans, Afrikaners, AllMusic, Amandla!: A Revolution in Four-Part Harmony, Andre du Toit, Anne Schumann, Apartheid, Artistic license, Artists United Against Apartheid, Asimbonanga, Bantustan, Bass guitar, Biko (song), Billy Bragg, Black Consciousness Movement, Black President (song), Blues, Bono, Bophuthatswana, Boston, Brenda Fassie, Bright Blue (band), Bring Him Back Home (Nelson Mandela), Bruce Springsteen, Censorship, Choir, Chris McGregor, Consciousness raising, Dali Tambo, Detroit Free Press, Dire Straits, Dorothy Masuka, Eddy Grant, Elvis Costello, Enoch Sontonga, Eurythmics, Forced displacement, Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration, Fox Broadcasting Company, Free Nelson Mandela, Gil Scott-Heron, Gimme Hope Jo'anna, Graceland (album), Group Areas Act, Guyanese in the United Kingdom, Harmony, ... Expand index (104 more) »

  2. International opposition to apartheid in South Africa
  3. Music of South Africa
  4. Opposition to anti-Black racism
  5. Opposition to apartheid in South Africa

A-side and B-side

The A-side and B-side are the two sides of phonograph records and cassettes, and the terms have often been printed on the labels of two-sided music recordings.

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Abdullah Ibrahim

Abdullah Ibrahim (born Adolph Johannes Brand on 9 October 1934 and formerly known as Dollar Brand) is a South African pianist and composer.

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African National Congress

The African National Congress (ANC) is a political party in South Africa.

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Afrika Bambaataa

Lance Taylor (born on April 17, 1957), also known as Afrika Bambaataa, is an American DJ, rapper, and producer from the South Bronx, New York.

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Afrikaans

Afrikaans is a West Germanic language, spoken in South Africa, Namibia and (to a lesser extent) Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

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Afrikaners

Afrikaners are a Southern African ethnic group descended from predominantly Dutch settlers first arriving at the Cape of Good Hope in 1652.Entry: Cape Colony. Encyclopædia Britannica Volume 4 Part 2: Brain to Casting. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 1933. James Louis Garvin, editor. Until 1994, they dominated South Africa's politics as well as the country's commercial agricultural sector.

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AllMusic

AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online music database.

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Amandla!: A Revolution in Four-Part Harmony

Amandla!: A Revolution in Four-Part Harmony is a 2002 documentary film depicting the struggles of black South Africans against the injustices of Apartheid through the use of music. Music in the movement against apartheid and Amandla!: A Revolution in Four-Part Harmony are opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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Andre du Toit

Andre du Toit (born 9 October 1952) is a South African cricketer.

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Anne Schumann

Anne Schumann (born in 1966) is a German violinist and docent in Baroque music.

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Apartheid

Apartheid (especially South African English) was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s.

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Artistic license

Artistic license (alongside more contextually-specific derivative terms such as poetic license, historical license, dramatic license, and narrative license) refers to deviation from fact or form for artistic purposes.

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Artists United Against Apartheid

Artists United Against Apartheid was a 1985 protest group founded by activist and performer Steven Van Zandt and record producer Arthur Baker to protest against apartheid in South Africa. Music in the movement against apartheid and Artists United Against Apartheid are international opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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Asimbonanga

"Asimbonanga", also known as "Asimbonanga (Mandela)", is an anti-apartheid song by the South African racially integrated band Savuka.

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Bantustan

A Bantustan (also known as a Bantu homeland, a black homeland, a black state or simply known as a homeland) was a territory that the National Party administration of South Africa set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia), as a part of its policy of apartheid.

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Bass guitar

The bass guitar, electric bass or simply bass is the lowest-pitched member of the guitar family.

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Biko (song)

"Biko" is an anti-apartheid protest song by English rock musician Peter Gabriel.

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Billy Bragg

Stephen William Bragg (born 20 December 1957) is an English singer, songwriter, musician, author and political activist.

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Black Consciousness Movement

The Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) was a grassroots anti-apartheid activist movement that emerged in South Africa in the mid-1960s out of the political vacuum created by the jailing and banning of the African National Congress and Pan Africanist Congress leadership after the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960. Music in the movement against apartheid and Black Consciousness Movement are opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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Black President (song)

Black President is a song by South African singer Brenda Fassie.

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Blues

Blues is a music genre and musical form that originated amongst African-Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s.

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Bono

Paul David Hewson (born 10 May 1960), known by the nickname Bono, is an Irish singer-songwriter and activist.

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Bophuthatswana

Bophuthatswana, officially the Republic of Bophuthatswana (Repaboleki ya Bophuthatswana; Republiek van Bophuthatswana), and colloquially referred to as the Bop, was a Bantustan (also known as "Homeland", an area set aside for members of a specific ethnicity) that was declared (nominally) independent by the apartheid regime of South Africa in 1977.

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Boston

Boston, officially the City of Boston, is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States.

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Brenda Fassie

Brenda Nokuzola Fassie (3 November 1964 – 9 May 2004) was a South African singer, songwriter, dancer and activist.

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Bright Blue (band)

Bright Blue was a South African band that was prominent on the progressive scene in the final years of apartheid.

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Bring Him Back Home (Nelson Mandela)

"Bring Him Back Home (Nelson Mandela)", also known as "Bring Him Back Home", is an anthemic anti-apartheid protest song written by South African musician Hugh Masekela.

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Bruce Springsteen

Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American rock singer, songwriter, and guitarist.

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Censorship

Censorship is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information.

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Choir

A choir (also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers.

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Chris McGregor

Christopher McGregor (24 December 1936 – 26 May 1990) was a South African jazz pianist, bandleader and composer born in Somerset West, South Africa.

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Consciousness raising

Consciousness raising (also called awareness raising) is a form of activism popularized by United States feminists in the late 1960s.

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Dali Tambo

Dali Tambo (born 1 March 1959) is a South African media personality best known as the presenter of the SABC television talk-show People of the South and as the founder of the anti-apartheid organisation Artists Against Apartheid.

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Detroit Free Press

The Detroit Free Press is the largest daily newspaper in Detroit, Michigan, US.

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Dire Straits

Dire Straits were a British rock band formed in London in 1977 by Mark Knopfler (lead vocals and lead guitar), David Knopfler (rhythm guitar and backing vocals), John Illsley (bass guitar and backing vocals) and Pick Withers (drums and percussion).

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Dorothy Masuka

Dorothy Masuka (3 September 1935 – 23 February 2019) was a Zimbabwe-born South African jazz singer.

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Eddy Grant

Edmond Montague Grant (born 5 March 1948) is a Guyanese-British singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist, known for his genre-blending sound and socially-conscious lyrics; his music has blended elements of pop, British rock, soul, funk, reggae, electronic music, African polyrhythms, and Latin music genres such as samba, among many others.

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Elvis Costello

Declan Patrick MacManus (born 25 August 1954), known professionally as Elvis Costello, is an English singer, songwriter, record producer, author and television presenter.

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Enoch Sontonga

Enoch Mankayi Sontonga (– 18 April 1905) was a South African composer, who is best known for writing the Xhosa hymn "", which, in abbreviated version, has been sung as the first half of the national anthem of South Africa since 1994.

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Eurythmics

Eurythmics were a British pop duo formed in 1980, consisting of Scottish vocalist Annie Lennox and English musician and producer Dave Stewart.

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Forced displacement

Forced displacement (also forced migration or forced relocation) is an involuntary or coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region.

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Foreign policy of the Ronald Reagan administration

American foreign policy during the presidency of Ronald Reagan (1981–1989) focused heavily on the Cold War which shifted from détente to confrontation.

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Fox Broadcasting Company

Fox Broadcasting Company, LLC, commonly known simply as Fox and stylized in all caps, is an American commercial broadcast television network owned by the Fox Entertainment division of Fox Corporation, headquartered at 1211 Avenue of the Americas in Midtown Manhattan.

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Free Nelson Mandela

"Nelson Mandela" (known in some versions as "Free Nelson Mandela") is a song written by British musician Jerry Dammers, and performed by the band the Special A.K.A. with a lead vocal by Stan Campbell.

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Gil Scott-Heron

Gilbert Scott-Heron (April 1, 1949 – May 27, 2011) was an American jazz poet, singer, musician, and author known for his work as a spoken-word performer in the 1970s and 1980s.

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Gimme Hope Jo'anna

"Gimme Hope Jo'anna" is a British anti-apartheid song written and originally released by Guyanese-British singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Eddy Grant in 1988, during the apartheid era in South Africa. Music in the movement against apartheid and Gimme Hope Jo'anna are opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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Graceland (album)

Graceland is the seventh solo studio album by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon.

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Group Areas Act

Group Areas Act was the title of three acts of the Parliament of South Africa enacted under the apartheid government of South Africa.

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Guyanese in the United Kingdom

Citizens or residents of the United Kingdom whose origins lie in Guyana are a part of the country's British Caribbean community.

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Harmony

In music, harmony is the concept of combining different sounds together in order to create new, distinct musical ideas.

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Hendrik Verwoerd

Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (8 September 1901 – 6 September 1966), also known as H. F. Verwoerd, was a Dutch-born South African politician, scholar, and newspaper editor who was Prime Minister of South Africa and is commonly regarded as the architect of apartheid and nicknamed the "father of apartheid".

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Hugh Masekela

Hugh Ramapolo Masekela (4 April 1939 – 23 January 2018) was a South African trumpeter, flugelhornist, cornetist, singer and composer who was described as "the father of South African jazz".

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Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,.

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I've Never Met a Nice South African

"I've Never Met a Nice South African" is a satirical song originating in a sketch on the British television series Spitting Image (series 2, episode 5). Music in the movement against apartheid and I've Never Met a Nice South African are international opposition to apartheid in South Africa and protest songs.

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Internal resistance to apartheid

Internal resistance to apartheid in South Africa originated from several independent sectors of South African society and took forms ranging from social movements and passive resistance to guerrilla warfare. Music in the movement against apartheid and Internal resistance to apartheid are opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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James Phillips (South African musician)

James Phillips (22 January 1959 – 31 July 1995) was a South African rock musician, vocalist, songwriter, and performer.

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Jeremy Cronin

Jeremy Patrick Cronin (born 12 September 1949) is a South African writer, author, and noted poet.

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Jerry Dammers

Jeremy David Hounsell Dammers GCOT (born 22 May 1955) is a British musician who was a founder, keyboard player and primary songwriter of the Coventry-based ska band the Specials (also known as the Special A.K.A.) and later the Spatial AKA Orchestra.

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Jim Kerr

James Kerr (born 9 July 1959) is a Scottish singer and the lead singer of the rock band Simple Minds, becoming best known internationally for "Don't You (Forget About Me)" (1985), which topped the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States.

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Johannes Kerkorrel

Johannes Kerkorrel (27 March 1960 – 12 November 2002), born Ralph John Rabie, was a South African singer-songwriter, journalist and playwright.

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Johannesburg (song)

"Johannesburg" is a song by Gil Scott-Heron and Brian Jackson, with music provided by the Midnight Band.

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Johnny Clegg

Jonathan Paul Clegg, (7 June 195316 July 2019) was a South African musician, singer-songwriter, dancer, anthropologist and anti-apartheid activist.

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Jonas Gwangwa

Jonas Mosa Gwangwa (19 October 1937 – 23 January 2021) was a South African jazz musician, songwriter and producer.

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Juluka

Juluka was a South African band formed by Johnny Clegg and Sipho Mchunu.

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Kent Music Report

The Kent Music Report was a weekly record chart of Australian music singles and albums which was compiled by music historian David Kent from May 1974 through to January 1999.

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Kippie Moeketsi

Jeremiah "Kippie" Morolong Moeketsi (27 July 1925 – 27 April 1983) was a South African jazz musician, notable as an alto saxophonist.

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Labi Siffre

Claudius Afolabi Siffre (born 25 June 1945), better known as Labi Siffre, is a British singer, songwriter and poet.

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Madness (band)

Madness are an English ska and pop band from Camden Town, north west London, who formed in 1976.

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Mandela Day (song)

"Mandela Day" is a song by the rock band Simple Minds.

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Mannenberg

"Mannenberg" is a Cape jazz song by South African musician Abdullah Ibrahim, first recorded in 1974.

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Mbaqanga

Mbaqanga is a style of South African music with rural Zulu roots that continues to influence musicians worldwide today.

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Meadowlands (song)

"Meadowlands" is an anti-apartheid song composed in 1956 by Strike Vilakazi.

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Meadowlands, Gauteng

Meadowlands is a suburb of Soweto, Gauteng Province, South Africa.

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Miles Davis

Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926September 28, 1991) was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer.

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Miriam Makeba

Zenzile Miriam Makeba (4 March 1932 – 9 November 2008), nicknamed Mama Africa, was a South African singer, songwriter, actress, and civil rights activist.

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Musicians' Union (United Kingdom)

The Musicians' Union (MU) is an organisation which represents over 30,000 musicians working in all sectors of the British music business.

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Mzwakhe Mbuli

Mzwakhe Mbuli (born 1 August 1959) is a South African poet, Mbaqanga singer and former Deacon at Apostolic Faith Mission Church in Naledi Soweto, South Africa.

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National Party (South Africa)

The National Party (Nasionale Party, NP), also known as the Nationalist Party, was a political party in South Africa from 1914 to 1997, which was responsible for the implementation of apartheid rule.

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Natives Land Act, 1913

The Natives Land Act, 1913 (subsequently renamed Bantu Land Act, 1913 and Black Land Act, 1913; Act No. 27 of 1913) was an Act of the Parliament of South Africa that was aimed at regulating the acquisition of land.

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Natives Resettlement Act, 1954

The Natives Resettlement Act, Act No 19 of 1954, formed part of the apartheid system of racial segregation in South Africa.

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Nelson Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (born Rolihlahla Mandela; 18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid activist, politician, and statesman who served as the first president of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

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Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute

The Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute was a popular-music concert staged on 11 June 1988 at Wembley Stadium, London, and broadcast to 67 countries and an audience of 600 million.

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Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika

"" is a Christian hymn originally composed in 1897 by Enoch Sontonga, a Xhosa clergyman at a Methodist mission school near Johannesburg.

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Oliver Tambo

Oliver Reginald Kaizana Tambo (27 October 191724 April 1993) was a South African anti-apartheid politician and activist who served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1967 to 1991.

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Pan Africanist Congress of Azania

The Pan Africanist Congress of Azania, often shortened to the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), is a South African pan-Africanist national liberation movement that is now a political party.

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Pass law

In South Africa under apartheid, and South West Africa (now Namibia), pass laws served as an internal passport system designed to racially segregate the population, restrict movement of individuals, and allocate low-wage migrant labor.

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Patrice Lumumba

Patrice Émery Lumumba (2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961), born Isaïe Tasumbu Tawosa, was a Congolese politician and independence leader who served as the first prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then known as the Republic of the Congo) from June until September 1960, following the May 1960 election.

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Paul Simon

Paul Frederic Simon (born October 13, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter known both for his solo work and his collaboration with Art Garfunkel.

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Paul Weller

Paul John Weller (born John William Weller; 25 May 1958) is an English singer-songwriter and musician.

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Peter Gabriel

Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950) is an English singer, songwriter and human rights activist.

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Peter Hammill

Peter Joseph Andrew Hammill (born 5 November 1948) is an English musician and recording artist.

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Philadelphia

Philadelphia, colloquially referred to as Philly, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the sixth-most populous city in the nation, with a population of 1,603,797 in the 2020 census.

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Racial segregation

Racial segregation is the separation of people into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life.

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Reggae

Reggae is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s.

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Resurrection Band

Resurrection Band, also known as Rez Band or REZ, was a Christian rock band formed in 1972.

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Roger Lucey

Roger Lucey (born 1954) is a South African musician, journalist, filmmaker, actor, and educator.

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Ronnie Kasrils

Ronald Kasrils (born 15 November 1938) is a South African politician, former guerrilla and military commander.

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Royal Albert Hall

The Royal Albert Hall is a concert hall on the northern edge of South Kensington, London, England.

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RPM (magazine)

RPM (and later) was a Canadian music-industry publication that featured song and album charts for Canada.

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SABC

The South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) is the public broadcaster in South Africa, and provides 19 radio stations (AM/FM) as well as six television broadcasts to the general public.

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Salt-N-Pepa

Salt-N-Pepa (sometimes stylized as Salt 'N' Pepa) is an American hip hop group formed in New York City in 1985, that comprised Salt (Cheryl James), Pepa (Sandra Denton), and DJ Spinderella (Deidra Roper).

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Savuka

Savuka, occasionally referred to as Johnny Clegg & Savuka, was a multi-racial South African band formed in 1986 by Johnny Clegg after the disbanding of Juluka.

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Senzeni Na?

"Senzeni Na?" (also spelled Senzenina, What Have We Done?) is a South African anti‐apartheid folk song.

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Sharpeville massacre

The Sharpeville massacre occurred on 21 March 1960 at the police station in the township of Sharpeville in the then Transvaal Province of the then Union of South Africa (today part of Gauteng). Music in the movement against apartheid and Sharpeville massacre are opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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Shifty Records

Shifty Records was a South African anti-apartheid record label founded by Lloyd Ross and Ivan Kadey in 1982/3, which existed for around ten years.

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Simple Minds

Simple Minds are a Scottish rock band formed in Glasgow in 1977.

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Sipho Mabuse

Sipho Cecil Peter Mabuse (born 2 November 1951), known professionally as Sipho "Hotstix" Mabuse, is a South African singer-songwriter.

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Sonny Okosun

Sonny Okosun (1 January 1947 – 24 May 2008) was a Nigerian musician, who was known as the leader of the Ozzidi band.

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Sophiatown

Sophiatown, also known as Sof'town or Kofifi, is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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South African Communist Party

The South African Communist Party (SACP) is a communist party in South Africa.

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Soweto Blues

"Soweto Blues" is a protest song written by Hugh Masekela and performed by Miriam Makeba.

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Soweto uprising

The Soweto uprising, also known as the Soweto riots, was a series of demonstrations and protests led by black school children in South Africa during apartheid that began on the morning of 16 June 1976.

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Spin (magazine)

Spin (stylized in all caps as SPIN) is an American music magazine founded in 1985 by publisher Bob Guccione Jr. Now owned by Next Management Partners, the magazine is an online publication since it stopped issuing a print edition in 2012.

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Spitting Image

Spitting Image is a British satirical television puppet show, created by Peter Fluck, Roger Law and Martin Lambie-Nairn.

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Steve Biko

Bantu Stephen Biko OMSG (18 December 1946 – 12 September 1977) was a South African anti-apartheid activist.

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Steven Van Zandt

Steven Van Zandt (né Lento; born November 22, 1950), also known as Little Steven or Miami Steve, is an American musician and actor.

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Stevie Wonder

Stevland Hardaway Morris (Judkins; born May 13, 1950), known professionally as Stevie Wonder, is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and record producer.

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Sting (musician)

Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner (born 2 October 1951), known professionally as Sting, is an English musician, activist and actor.

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Strike Vilakazi

Strike David Vilakazi (also written Vilakezi) was a South African vocalist, drummer, trumpeter, composer, and music producer.

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Sun City (song)

"Sun City" is a 1985 protest song written by Steven Van Zandt, produced by Van Zandt and Arthur Baker and recorded by Artists United Against Apartheid to convey opposition to the South African policy of apartheid.

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Sun City (South Africa)

Sun City is a luxury resort and casino, situated in the North West Province of South Africa.

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Tear gas

Tear gas, also known as a lachrymatory agent or lachrymator, sometimes colloquially known as "mace" after the early commercial self-defense spray, is a chemical weapon that stimulates the nerves of the lacrimal gland in the eye to produce tears.

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The Beatles

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960, comprising John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr.

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The Chicken Song

"The Chicken Song" is a novelty song by the British satirical comedy television programme Spitting Image (series 3, episode 6).

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The Rolling Stones

The Rolling Stones are an English rock band formed in London in 1962.

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The Specials

The Specials, also known as The Special AKA, were an English 2 tone and ska revival band formed in 1977 in Coventry.

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The Voëlvry Movement

The Voëlvry movement in South Africa was a genre of anti-apartheid music sung in Afrikaans.

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The Walker Brothers

The Walker Brothers were an American pop group formed in Los Angeles in 1964 by John Walker (real name John Maus) and Scott Walker (real name Noel Scott Engel), with Gary Walker (real name Gary Leeds) joining shortly after.

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Tom Paxton

Thomas Richard Paxton (born October 31, 1937) is an American folk singer-songwriter who has had a music career spanning more than sixty years.

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Toyi-toyi

Toyi-toyi is a Southern African dance used in political protests in South Africa.

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Transkei

Transkei (meaning the area beyond the river Kei), officially the Republic of Transkei (iRiphabliki yeTranskei), was an unrecognised state in the southeastern region of South Africa from 1976 to 1994.

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Trevor Huddleston

Ernest Urban Trevor Huddleston (15 June 191320 April 1998) was an English Anglican bishop.

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Trumpet

The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.

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U2

U2 are an Irish rock band formed in Dublin in 1976.

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UK singles chart

The UK Singles Chart (currently titled the Official Singles Chart, with the upper section more commonly known as the Official UK Top 40) is compiled by the Official Charts Company (OCC), on behalf of the British record industry, listing the top-selling singles in the United Kingdom, based upon physical sales, paid-for downloads and streaming.

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UMkhonto weSizwe

uMkhonto weSizwe (abbreviated MK; English: Spear of the Nation) was the paramilitary wing of the African National Congress (ANC), founded by Nelson Mandela in the wake of the Sharpeville massacre.

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United Democratic Front (South Africa)

The United Democratic Front (UDF) was a South African popular front that existed from 1983 to 1991.

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Venda people

The Venḓa (VhaVenḓa or Vhangona) are a Bantu people native to Southern Africa living mostly near the South African-Zimbabwean border.

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Vusi Mahlasela

Vusi Sidney Mahlasela Ka Zwane (born 1965 in Pretoria, South Africa) is a Sotho South African singer-songwriter.

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Vuyisile Mini

Vuyisile Mini (8 April 1920 – 6 November 1964) was a trade unionist, Umkhonto we Sizwe activist, singer and one of the first African National Congress members to be executed by apartheid South Africa.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly known as Washington or D.C., is the capital city and federal district of the United States.

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Weeping (song)

"Weeping" is an anti-apartheid protest song written by Dan Heymann in the mid-1980s, and first recorded by Heymann and the South African group Bright Blue in 1987. Music in the movement against apartheid and Weeping (song) are protest songs.

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Wembley Stadium (1923)

The original Wembley Stadium (originally known as the Empire Stadium) was a football stadium in Wembley, London, best known for hosting important football matches.

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White South Africans

White South Africans are South Africans of European descent.

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White supremacy

White supremacy is the belief that white people are superior to those of other races and thus should dominate them.

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Whitney Houston

Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, film producer, and philanthropist.

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Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

Winnie Madikizela-Mandela (born Nomzamo Winifred Zanyiwe Madikizela; 26 September 1936 – 2 April 2018), also known as Winnie Mandela, was a South African anti-apartheid activist, convicted kidnapper, politician, and the second wife of Nelson Mandela.

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Xhosa language

Xhosa, formerly spelled Xosa and also known by its local name isiXhosa, is a Nguni language, indigenous to Southern Africa and one of the official languages of South Africa and Zimbabwe.

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Youssou N'Dour

Youssou N'Dour (Yuusu Nduur; also known as Youssou Madjiguène Ndour; born 1 October 1959) is a Senegalese singer, songwriter, musician, composer, occasional actor, businessman, and politician.

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Yvonne Chaka Chaka

Yvonne Chaka Chaka OIS (born Yvonne Machaka on 18 March 1965) is a South African singer, songwriter, entrepreneur, humanitarian and teacher.

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Zulu language

Zulu, or IsiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken and indigenous to Southern Africa.

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(Something Inside) So Strong

"(Something Inside) So Strong" is a song written and recorded by British singer-songwriter Labi Siffre. Music in the movement against apartheid and (Something Inside) So Strong are opposition to apartheid in South Africa.

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(Waiting For) The Ghost Train

"(Waiting For) The Ghost Train" is a single by the English ska and pop band Madness.

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See also

International opposition to apartheid in South Africa

Music of South Africa

Opposition to anti-Black racism

Opposition to apartheid in South Africa

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_in_the_movement_against_apartheid

Also known as Anti-apartheid music, Anti-apartheid songs, Music in the anti-apartheid movement.

, Hendrik Verwoerd, Hugh Masekela, Human rights, I've Never Met a Nice South African, Internal resistance to apartheid, James Phillips (South African musician), Jeremy Cronin, Jerry Dammers, Jim Kerr, Johannes Kerkorrel, Johannesburg (song), Johnny Clegg, Jonas Gwangwa, Juluka, Kent Music Report, Kippie Moeketsi, Labi Siffre, Madness (band), Mandela Day (song), Mannenberg, Mbaqanga, Meadowlands (song), Meadowlands, Gauteng, Miles Davis, Miriam Makeba, Musicians' Union (United Kingdom), Mzwakhe Mbuli, National Party (South Africa), Natives Land Act, 1913, Natives Resettlement Act, 1954, Nelson Mandela, Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute, Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika, Oliver Tambo, Pan Africanist Congress of Azania, Pass law, Patrice Lumumba, Paul Simon, Paul Weller, Peter Gabriel, Peter Hammill, Philadelphia, Racial segregation, Reggae, Resurrection Band, Roger Lucey, Ronnie Kasrils, Royal Albert Hall, RPM (magazine), SABC, Salt-N-Pepa, Savuka, Senzeni Na?, Sharpeville massacre, Shifty Records, Simple Minds, Sipho Mabuse, Sonny Okosun, Sophiatown, South Africa, South African Communist Party, Soweto Blues, Soweto uprising, Spin (magazine), Spitting Image, Steve Biko, Steven Van Zandt, Stevie Wonder, Sting (musician), Strike Vilakazi, Sun City (song), Sun City (South Africa), Tear gas, The Beatles, The Chicken Song, The Rolling Stones, The Specials, The Voëlvry Movement, The Walker Brothers, Tom Paxton, Toyi-toyi, Transkei, Trevor Huddleston, Trumpet, U2, UK singles chart, UMkhonto weSizwe, United Democratic Front (South Africa), Venda people, Vusi Mahlasela, Vuyisile Mini, Washington, D.C., Weeping (song), Wembley Stadium (1923), White South Africans, White supremacy, Whitney Houston, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, Xhosa language, Youssou N'Dour, Yvonne Chaka Chaka, Zulu language, (Something Inside) So Strong, (Waiting For) The Ghost Train.