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Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989), the Glossary

Anti-communist resistance in Poland can be divided into two types: the armed partisan struggle, mostly led by former Armia Krajowa and Narodowe Siły Zbrojne soldiers, which ended in the late 1950s (see cursed soldiers), and the non-violent, civil resistance struggle that culminated in the creation and victory of the Solidarity trade union.^[1]

42 relations: Anti-communism, Armed Forces Delegation for Poland, Citizens' Home Army, Civil resistance, Communist crimes (Polish legal concept), Cursed soldiers, Dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland, Freedom and Independence Association, Henryk Flame, History of Solidarity, Home Army, Home Army Resistance Movement, Konspiracyjne Wojsko Polskie, Letter of 59, Milicja Obywatelska, Ministry of Public Security (Poland), Movement for Defence of Human and Civic Rights, National Armed Forces, National Democracy (Poland), National Military Union, Nazi Germany, NIE (resistance), NKVD, Partisan (military), People's Army (Poland), People's Guard (1942–1944), Polish government-in-exile, Polish language, Polish People's Republic, Polish Round Table Agreement, Polish Workers' Party, Rzeczpospolita (newspaper), Sejm, SMERSH, Solidarity (Polish trade union), Soviet partisans, Stalinism, Workers' Defence Committee, World War II, 1956 Poznań protests, 1968 Polish political crisis, 1970 Polish protests.
Anti-communist resistance movements in Eastern Europe
Dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland
Rebellions in Poland

Anti-communism

Anti-communism is political and ideological opposition to communist beliefs, groups, and individuals.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Anti-communism

Armed Forces Delegation for Poland

The Armed Forces Delegation for Poland (Delegatura Sił Zbrojnych na Kraj, DSZ) was a Polish anti-communist resistance organization formed on May 7, 1945, by the Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Armed Forces, General Władysław Anders, as a continuation of the NIE ("NO") organization subordinate to the Government Delegation for Poland (Delegatura Rządu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na Kraj) which in turn was an agency of the Polish Government in Exile.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Armed Forces Delegation for Poland

Citizens' Home Army

The Citizens' Home Army (Polish: Armia Krajowa Obywatelska, AKO) was a Polish military anticommunist organization, and a successor of the disbanded Polish anti-Nazi resistance Home Army (Armia Krajowa, AK). Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Citizens' Home Army are anti-communist resistance movements in Eastern Europe.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Citizens' Home Army

Civil resistance

Civil resistance is a form of political action that relies on the use of nonviolent resistance by ordinary people to challenge a particular power, force, policy or regime.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Civil resistance

Communist crimes (Polish legal concept)

Communist crimes (zbrodnie komunistyczne) is a legal definition used in the Polish Penal Code.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Communist crimes (Polish legal concept)

Cursed soldiers

The "cursed soldiers" (also known as "doomed soldiers", "accursed soldiers", or "damned soldiers"; żołnierze wyklęci) or "indomitable soldiers" (żołnierze niezłomni) were a heterogeneous array of anti-Soviet-imperialist and anti-communist Polish resistance movements formed in the later stages of World War II and in its aftermath by members of the Polish Underground State. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Cursed soldiers are anti-communism in Poland and anti-communist resistance movements in Eastern Europe.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Cursed soldiers

Dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland

The dissident movement in the Polish People's Republic was a political movement in the Polish People's Republic (predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland, Polish: Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) whose aim was to change the political system from unitary Marxist–Leninist government imposed by the USSR to democratic form of government.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland

Freedom and Independence Association

Freedom and Independence Association (Zrzeszenie Wolność i Niezawisłość, or WiN) was a Polish underground anticommunist organisation founded on September 2, 1945, and active until 1952.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Freedom and Independence Association

Henryk Flame

Henryk Antoni Flame (or Flamme, nom de guerre "Grot" or "Bartek"; January 19, 1918 – December 1, 1947) was a corporal and pilot in the Polish Air Force, and a captain of the anti-Nazi, and anti-Communist resistance organization NSZ.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Henryk Flame

History of Solidarity

Solidarity („Solidarność”, pronounced), a Polish non-governmental trade union, was founded on August 14, 1980, at the Lenin Shipyards (now Gdańsk Shipyards) by Lech Wałęsa and others.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and History of Solidarity

Home Army

The Home Army (Armia Krajowa,; abbreviated AK) was the dominant resistance movement in German-occupied Poland during World War II.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Home Army

Home Army Resistance Movement

Home Army Resistance Movement (Ruch Oporu Armii Krajowej) - Polish anticommunist military resistance organization formed in 1944 by Józef Marcinkowski from Armia Krajowa soldiers.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Home Army Resistance Movement

Konspiracyjne Wojsko Polskie

Konspiracyjne Wojsko Polskie (Underground Polish Army, KWP) was a Polish paramilitary organization, which existed from April 1945 to as late as 1954, whose purpose was to fight Communist-controlled government of Poland as well as the NKVD.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Konspiracyjne Wojsko Polskie

Letter of 59

The Letter of 59 (also known as the Memorial or Memorandum of 59) was an open letter signed by 66 (or 59 at first, hence the name) Polish intellectuals who protested against the changes of the Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland that were made by the communist party of Poland in 1975. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and letter of 59 are dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Letter of 59

Milicja Obywatelska

Milicja Obywatelska (MO), known as the Citizens' Militia in English, was the national police organization of the Polish People's Republic.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Milicja Obywatelska

Ministry of Public Security (Poland)

The Ministry of Public Security (Ministerstwo Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego), was the secret police, intelligence and counter-espionage agency operating in the Polish People's Republic.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Ministry of Public Security (Poland)

Movement for Defence of Human and Civic Rights

Movement for Defence of Human and Civic Rights (Ruch Obrony Praw Człowieka i Obywatela, ROPCiO) was a right-wing political and social organization formed in People's Republic of Poland in March 1977.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Movement for Defence of Human and Civic Rights

National Armed Forces

National Armed Forces (NSZ; Polish: Narodowe Siły Zbrojne) was a Polish right-wing underground military organization of the National Democracy operating from 1942.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and National Armed Forces

National Democracy (Poland)

National Democracy (Narodowa Demokracja, also known from its abbreviation ND as Endecja) was a Polish political movement active from the second half of the 19th century under the foreign partitions of the country until the end of the Second Polish Republic.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and National Democracy (Poland)

National Military Union

Narodowe Zjednoczenie Wojskowe (National Military Union, NZW) was a Polish anti-Communist organization, founded in November 1944, after collapse of the Warsaw Uprising. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and National Military Union are anti-communism in Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and National Military Union

Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Nazi Germany

NIE (resistance)

NIE (short for niepodległość "independence", and also meaning "no") was a Polish anticommunist resistance organisation formed in 1943.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and NIE (resistance)

NKVD

The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Narodnyy komissariat vnutrennikh del), abbreviated as NKVD, was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1946.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and NKVD

Partisan (military)

A partisan is a member of a domestic irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation by some kind of insurgent activity.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Partisan (military)

People's Army (Poland)

The People's Army (AL; Armia Ludowa) was a communist partisan force of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) active in Occupied Poland during World War II from January to July 1944.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and People's Army (Poland)

People's Guard (1942–1944)

The People's Guard (GL; Gwardia Ludowa) was a communist partisan force of the Polish Workers' Party (PPR) active in Occupied Poland during World War II from 1942 to 1944.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and People's Guard (1942–1944)

Polish government-in-exile

The Polish government-in-exile, officially known as the Government of the Republic of Poland in exile (Rząd Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej na uchodźstwie), was the government in exile of Poland formed in the aftermath of the Invasion of Poland of September 1939, and the subsequent occupation of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, and the Slovak Republic, which brought to an end the Second Polish Republic. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Polish government-in-exile are dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Polish government-in-exile

Polish language

Polish (język polski,, polszczyzna or simply polski) is a West Slavic language of the Lechitic group within the Indo-European language family written in the Latin script.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Polish language

Polish People's Republic

The Polish People's Republic (1952–1989), formerly the Republic of Poland (1947–1952), was a country in Central Europe that existed as the predecessor of the modern-day democratic Republic of Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Polish People's Republic

Polish Round Table Agreement

The Polish Round Table Talks took place in Warsaw, Poland from 6 February to 5 April 1989.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Polish Round Table Agreement

Polish Workers' Party

The Polish Workers' Party (Polska Partia Robotnicza, PPR) was a communist party in Poland from 1942 to 1948.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Polish Workers' Party

Rzeczpospolita (newspaper)

Rzeczpospolita is a Polish nationwide daily economic and legal newspaper, published by Gremi Media.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Rzeczpospolita (newspaper)

Sejm

The Sejm, officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Sejm Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej), is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Sejm

SMERSH

SMERSH (СМЕРШ) was an umbrella organization for three independent counter-intelligence agencies in the Red Army formed in late 1942 or even earlier, but officially announced only on 14 April 1943.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and SMERSH

Solidarity (Polish trade union)

Solidarity („Solidarność”), full name Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity" (Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy „Solidarność”, abbreviated NSZZ „Solidarność”), is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Solidarity (Polish trade union)

Soviet partisans

Soviet partisans were members of resistance movements that fought a guerrilla war against Axis forces during World War II in the Soviet Union, the previously Soviet-occupied territories of interwar Poland in 1941–45 and eastern Finland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Soviet partisans

Stalinism

Stalinism is the totalitarian means of governing and Marxist–Leninist policies implemented in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1927 to 1953 by dictator Joseph Stalin.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Stalinism

Workers' Defence Committee

The Workers' Defense Committee (Komitet Obrony Robotników, KOR) was a Polish civil society group that was established to give aid to prisoners and their families after the June 1976 protests and ensuing government crackdown.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and Workers' Defence Committee

World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and World War II

1956 Poznań protests

The 1956 Poznań protests, also known as Poznań June (Poznański Czerwiec), were the first of several massive protests against the communist government of the Polish People's Republic. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and 1956 Poznań protests are anti-communism in Poland, dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland and Rebellions in Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and 1956 Poznań protests

1968 Polish political crisis

The Polish 1968 political crisis, also known in Poland as March 1968, Students' March, or March events (Marzec 1968; studencki Marzec; wydarzenia marcowe), was a series of major student, intellectual and other protests against the ruling Polish United Workers' Party of the Polish People's Republic. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and 1968 Polish political crisis are anti-communism in Poland and dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and 1968 Polish political crisis

1970 Polish protests

The 1970 Polish protests, also known as the December 1970 Events (Wydarzenia Grudnia 1970), occurred in northern Poland during 14–19 December 1970. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and 1970 Polish protests are anti-communism in Poland and dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland.

See Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) and 1970 Polish protests

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-communist_resistance_in_Poland_(1944–1989)

Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989), the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Anti-communist resistance movements in Eastern Europe

Dissident movement in the People's Republic of Poland

Rebellions in Poland

References