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Antisense RNA, the Glossary

Index Antisense RNA

Antisense RNA (asRNA), also referred to as antisense transcript, natural antisense transcript (NAT) or antisense oligonucleotide, is a single stranded RNA that is complementary to a protein coding messenger RNA (mRNA) with which it hybridizes, and thereby blocks its translation into protein.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 64 relations: Activator (genetics), Alpha-thalassemia, Apolipoprotein B, Arabidopsis thaliana, Bacteria, Bacteriophage, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CDKN2BAS, Cell nucleus, Chaperone (protein), Chromatin, Cis-natural antisense transcript, Cis-regulatory element, Cytomegalovirus retinitis, Cytoplasm, Directionality (molecular biology), DNA methylation, DNA microarray, Drug development, Entamoeba histolytica, Epigenetics, Escherichia coli, Eukaryote, Familial hypercholesterolemia, Flowering Locus C, Fomivirsen, Gene expression, Gene knockdown, Hemoglobin subunit alpha, Histone, Histone methylation, Homeobox, HOTAIR, Intergenic region, Internal ribosome entry site, Intrinsic termination, Locus (genetics), Long non-coding RNA, Low-density lipoprotein, Messenger RNA, MicF RNA, MicroRNA, Mipomersen, Non-coding RNA, Oligonucleotide, Paul Zamecnik, Plasmid, Porin (protein), PRC2, ... Expand index (14 more) »

Activator (genetics)

A transcriptional activator is a protein (transcription factor) that increases transcription of a gene or set of genes.

See Antisense RNA and Activator (genetics)

Alpha-thalassemia

Alpha-thalassemia (α-thalassemia, α-thalassaemia) is a form of thalassemia involving the genes HBA1 and HBA2.

See Antisense RNA and Alpha-thalassemia

Apolipoprotein B

Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene.

See Antisense RNA and Apolipoprotein B

Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa.

See Antisense RNA and Arabidopsis thaliana

Bacteria

Bacteria (bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.

See Antisense RNA and Bacteria

Bacteriophage

A bacteriophage, also known informally as a phage, is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.

See Antisense RNA and Bacteriophage

CDKN2A

CDKN2A, also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, is a gene which in humans is located at chromosome 9, band p21.3.

See Antisense RNA and CDKN2A

CDKN2B

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B also known as multiple tumor suppressor 2 (MTS-2) or p15INK4b is a protein that is encoded by the CDKN2B gene in humans.

See Antisense RNA and CDKN2B

CDKN2BAS

CDKN2B-AS, also known as ANRIL (antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus) is a long non-coding RNA consisting of 19 exons, spanning 126.3kb in the genome, and its spliced product is a 3834bp RNA. Antisense RNA and CDKN2BAS are non-coding RNA.

See Antisense RNA and CDKN2BAS

Cell nucleus

The cell nucleus (nuclei) is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.

See Antisense RNA and Cell nucleus

Chaperone (protein)

In molecular biology, molecular chaperones are proteins that assist the conformational folding or unfolding of large proteins or macromolecular protein complexes.

See Antisense RNA and Chaperone (protein)

Chromatin

Chromatin is a complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells.

See Antisense RNA and Chromatin

Cis-natural antisense transcript

Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) are a group of RNAs encoded within a cell that have transcript complementarity to other RNA transcripts.

See Antisense RNA and Cis-natural antisense transcript

Cis-regulatory element

Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) or cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) are regions of non-coding DNA which regulate the transcription of neighboring genes. Antisense RNA and cis-regulatory element are non-coding RNA.

See Antisense RNA and Cis-regulatory element

Cytomegalovirus retinitis

Cytomegalovirus retinitis, also known as CMV retinitis, is an inflammation of the retina of the eye that can lead to blindness.

See Antisense RNA and Cytomegalovirus retinitis

Cytoplasm

In cell biology, the cytoplasm describes all material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus.

See Antisense RNA and Cytoplasm

Directionality (molecular biology)

Directionality, in molecular biology and biochemistry, is the end-to-end chemical orientation of a single strand of nucleic acid.

See Antisense RNA and Directionality (molecular biology)

DNA methylation

DNA methylation is a biological process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule.

See Antisense RNA and DNA methylation

DNA microarray

A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface.

See Antisense RNA and DNA microarray

Drug development

Drug development is the process of bringing a new pharmaceutical drug to the market once a lead compound has been identified through the process of drug discovery.

See Antisense RNA and Drug development

Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan, part of the genus Entamoeba.

See Antisense RNA and Entamoeba histolytica

Epigenetics

In biology, epigenetics is the study of heritable traits, or a stable change of cell function, that happen without changes to the DNA sequence.

See Antisense RNA and Epigenetics

Escherichia coli

Escherichia coliWells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary.

See Antisense RNA and Escherichia coli

Eukaryote

The eukaryotes constitute the domain of Eukarya or Eukaryota, organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.

See Antisense RNA and Eukaryote

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by high cholesterol levels, specifically very high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), in the blood and early cardiovascular diseases.

See Antisense RNA and Familial hypercholesterolemia

Flowering Locus C

Flowering Locus C (FLC) is a MADS-box gene that in late-flowering ecotypes of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana is responsible for vernalization.

See Antisense RNA and Flowering Locus C

Fomivirsen

Fomivirsen (brand name Vitravene) is an antisense antiviral drug that was used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) in immunocompromised patients, including those with AIDS.

See Antisense RNA and Fomivirsen

Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, and ultimately affect a phenotype.

See Antisense RNA and Gene expression

Gene knockdown

Gene knockdown is an experimental technique by which the expression of one or more of an organism's genes is reduced.

See Antisense RNA and Gene knockdown

Hemoglobin subunit alpha

Hemoglobin subunit alpha, Hemoglobin, alpha 1, is a hemoglobin protein that in humans is encoded by the HBA1 gene.

See Antisense RNA and Hemoglobin subunit alpha

Histone

In biology, histones are highly basic proteins abundant in lysine and arginine residues that are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei and in most Archaeal phyla.

See Antisense RNA and Histone

Histone methylation

Histone methylation is a process by which methyl groups are transferred to amino acids of histone proteins that make up nucleosomes, which the DNA double helix wraps around to form chromosomes.

See Antisense RNA and Histone methylation

Homeobox

A homeobox is a DNA sequence, around 180 base pairs long, that regulates large-scale anatomical features in the early stages of embryonic development.

See Antisense RNA and Homeobox

HOTAIR

HOTAIR (for HOX transcript antisense RNA) is a human gene located between HOXC11 and HOXC12 on chromosome 12. Antisense RNA and HOTAIR are non-coding RNA.

See Antisense RNA and HOTAIR

Intergenic region

An intergenic region is a stretch of DNA sequences located between genes.

See Antisense RNA and Intergenic region

Internal ribosome entry site

An internal ribosome entry site, abbreviated IRES, is an RNA element that allows for translation initiation in a cap-independent manner, as part of the greater process of protein synthesis.

See Antisense RNA and Internal ribosome entry site

Intrinsic termination

Intrinsic, or rho-independent termination, is a process to signal the end of transcription and release the newly constructed RNA molecule.

See Antisense RNA and Intrinsic termination

Locus (genetics)

In genetics, a locus (loci) is a specific, fixed position on a chromosome where a particular gene or genetic marker is located.

See Antisense RNA and Locus (genetics)

Long non-coding RNA

Long non-coding RNAs (long ncRNAs, lncRNA) are a type of RNA, generally defined as transcripts more than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into protein. Antisense RNA and Long non-coding RNA are non-coding RNA.

See Antisense RNA and Long non-coding RNA

Low-density lipoprotein

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein that transport all fat molecules around the body in extracellular water.

See Antisense RNA and Low-density lipoprotein

Messenger RNA

In molecular biology, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is a single-stranded molecule of RNA that corresponds to the genetic sequence of a gene, and is read by a ribosome in the process of synthesizing a protein.

See Antisense RNA and Messenger RNA

MicF RNA

The micF RNA is a non-coding RNA stress response gene found in Escherichia coli and related bacteria that post-transcriptionally controls expression of the outer membrane porin gene ompF.

See Antisense RNA and MicF RNA

MicroRNA

MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing 21 to 23 nucleotides. Antisense RNA and MicroRNA are non-coding RNA.

See Antisense RNA and MicroRNA

Mipomersen

Mipomersen (INN; trade name Kynamro) is a drug used to treat homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and is administered by subcutaneous injection.

See Antisense RNA and Mipomersen

Non-coding RNA

A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein.

See Antisense RNA and Non-coding RNA

Oligonucleotide

Oligonucleotides are short DNA or RNA molecules, oligomers, that have a wide range of applications in genetic testing, research, and forensics.

See Antisense RNA and Oligonucleotide

Paul Zamecnik

Paul Charles Zamecnik (November 22, 1912 – October 27, 2009) was an American scientist who played a central role in the early history of molecular biology.

See Antisense RNA and Paul Zamecnik

Plasmid

A plasmid is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.

See Antisense RNA and Plasmid

Porin (protein)

Porins are beta barrel proteins that cross a cellular membrane and act as a pore, through which molecules can diffuse.

See Antisense RNA and Porin (protein)

PRC2

PRC2 (polycomb repressive complex 2) is one of the two classes of polycomb-group proteins or (PcG).

See Antisense RNA and PRC2

Prokaryote

A prokaryote (less commonly spelled procaryote) is a single-cell organism whose cell lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

See Antisense RNA and Prokaryote

Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

See Antisense RNA and Protein

Ribonuclease

Ribonuclease (commonly abbreviated RNase) is a type of nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components.

See Antisense RNA and Ribonuclease

Ribonuclease H

Ribonuclease H (abbreviated RNase H or RNH) is a family of non-sequence-specific endonuclease enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of RNA in an RNA/DNA substrate via a hydrolytic mechanism.

See Antisense RNA and Ribonuclease H

RNA

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA).

See Antisense RNA and RNA

Silencer (genetics)

In genetics, a silencer is a DNA sequence capable of binding transcription regulation factors, called repressors.

See Antisense RNA and Silencer (genetics)

Thiophosphate

Thiophosphates (or phosphorothioates, PS) are chemical compounds and anions with the general chemical formula (x.

See Antisense RNA and Thiophosphate

Trans-acting

In the field of molecular biology, trans-acting (trans-regulatory, trans-regulation), in general, means "acting from a different molecule" (i.e., intermolecular).

See Antisense RNA and Trans-acting

Transcriptome

The transcriptome is the set of all RNA transcripts, including coding and non-coding, in an individual or a population of cells.

See Antisense RNA and Transcriptome

Translation (biology)

In biology, translation is the process in living cells in which proteins are produced using RNA molecules as templates.

See Antisense RNA and Translation (biology)

Very low-density lipoprotein

Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), density relative to extracellular water, is a type of lipoprotein made by the liver.

See Antisense RNA and Very low-density lipoprotein

XIST

Xist (X-inactive specific transcript) is a non-coding RNA transcribed from the X chromosome of the placental mammals that acts as a major effector of the X-inactivation process. Antisense RNA and XIST are non-coding RNA.

See Antisense RNA and XIST

ZEB2

Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZEB2 gene.

See Antisense RNA and ZEB2

Zinc finger

A zinc finger is a small protein structural motif that is characterized by the coordination of one or more zinc ions (Zn2+) which stabilizes the fold.

See Antisense RNA and Zinc finger

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisense_RNA

Also known as Anti-sense RNA, Antisense gene, Antisense mRNA, AsRNA, Rna, antisense.

, Prokaryote, Protein, Ribonuclease, Ribonuclease H, RNA, Silencer (genetics), Thiophosphate, Trans-acting, Transcriptome, Translation (biology), Very low-density lipoprotein, XIST, ZEB2, Zinc finger.