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Apache Wars, the Glossary

The Apache Wars were a series of armed conflicts between the United States Army and various Apache tribal confederations fought in the southwest between 1849 and 1886, though minor hostilities continued until as late as 1924.^[1]

151 relations: Adna Chaffee, Adobe, Al Sieber, American Civil War, American Indian Wars, Apache, Apache Kid, Apache Pass, Apache Scouts, Apache Tejo, Apacheria, Arizona, Baishan (Apache), Bascom affair, Battle of Apache Pass, Battle of Big Dry Wash, Battle of Cibecue Creek, Battle of Cieneguilla, Battle of Cookes Canyon, Battle of Fort Apache, Battle of Ojo Caliente Canyon, Battle of Pinos Altos, Battle of Salt River Canyon, Battle of the Florida Mountains, Battle of the Mimbres River, Battle of Tres Castillos, Battle of Turret Peak, Buffalo Soldier, Butterfield Overland Mail, California, California Column, Camp Grant massacre, Carlisle Indian Industrial School, Castillo de San Marcos, Charles B. Gatewood, Chato (Apache), Cherry Creek campaign, Chihuahua (state), Chiricahua, Chiricahua Mountains, Cochise, Comanche, Company (military unit), Confederate Arizona, Confederate States Army, Earp Vendetta Ride, Emmet Crawford, Eugene Asa Carr, First Battle of Adobe Walls, First Battle of Dragoon Springs, ... Expand index (101 more) »
1850s conflicts
1860s conflicts
1870s conflicts
1880s conflicts
1890s conflicts
1900s conflicts
1910s conflicts
Military history of New Mexico
Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War
Wars fought in Arizona
Wars fought in Texas

Adna Chaffee

Adna Romanza Chaffee (April 14, 1842 – November 1, 1914) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army.

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Adobe

Adobe is a building material made from earth and organic materials.

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Al Sieber

Al Sieber (February 27, 1843 1844 was a leap year, leading to some confusion about Sieber's birth date. His tombstone in Globe gives his birth date as 1844, as does the book Chief of Scouts. Both are incorrect. – February 19, 1907) was a German-American who fought in the U.S Civil War and in the American Old West against Indians.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union. Apache Wars and American Civil War are 1860s conflicts.

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American Indian Wars

The American Indian Wars, also known as the American Frontier Wars, and the Indian Wars, was a conflict initially fought by European colonial empires, United States of America, and briefly the Confederate States of America and Republic of Texas against various American Indian tribes in North America. Apache Wars and American Indian Wars are wars between the United States and Native Americans and wars involving the indigenous peoples of North America.

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Apache

The Apache are several Southern Athabaskan language–speaking peoples of the Southwest, the Southern Plains and Northern Mexico.

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Apache Kid

Haskay-bay-nay-ntayl (1860 – in or after 1894), better known as the Apache Kid, was born in Aravaipa Canyon, 25 miles (40 kilometers) south of San Carlos Agency, into one of the three local groups of the Aravaipa/Arivaipa Apache Band (in Apache:Tsee Zhinnee – ″Dark Rocks People″) of San Carlos Apache, one subgroup of the Western Apache people.

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Apache Pass

Apache Pass, also known by its earlier Spanish name Puerto del Dado ("Pass of the Die"), is a historic mountain pass in the U.S. state of Arizona between the Dos Cabezas Mountains and Chiricahua Mountains at an elevation of.

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Apache Scouts

The Apache Scouts were part of the United States Army Indian Scouts.

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Apache Tejo

Apache Tejo (sometimes 'Tejoe' or 'Teju') was a white settlement and watering stop in the New Mexico Territory, 12 miles southeast of Silver City, 3 miles south of Hurley, and 2 miles east of the Grant County Airport.

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Apacheria

Apachería was the term used to designate the region inhabited by the Apache people.

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Arizona

Arizona (Hoozdo Hahoodzo; Alĭ ṣonak) is a landlocked state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

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Baishan (Apache)

Baishan, Spanish name Cuchillo Negro (Black Knife) (c. 1796 – May 24, 1857), was a Tchihende (Mimbres) Apache chieftain, of the Warm Springs Apache Band during the 1830s to 1850s.

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Bascom affair

The Bascom Massacre was a confrontation between Apache Indians and the United States Army under Lt.

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Battle of Apache Pass

The Battle of Apache Pass was fought in 1862 at Apache Pass, Arizona, in the United States, between Apache warriors and the Union volunteers of the California Column as it marched from California to capture Confederate Arizona and to reinforce New Mexico's Union army.

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Battle of Big Dry Wash

The Battle of Big Dry Wash was fought on July 17, 1882, between troops of the United States Army's 3rd Cavalry Regiment and 6th Cavalry Regiment and members of the White Mountain Apache tribe. Apache Wars and Battle of Big Dry Wash are Arizona Territory.

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Battle of Cibecue Creek

The Battle of Cibecue Creek was an engagement of the Apache Wars, fought in August 1881 between the United States and White Mountain Apaches in Arizona, at Cibecue Creek on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation. Apache Wars and Battle of Cibecue Creek are Arizona Territory.

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Battle of Cieneguilla

The Battle of Cieneguilla (pronounced sienna-GEE-ya; English: small swamp) was an engagement of the Jicarilla War involving a group of Jicarilla Apaches, possibly their Ute allies, and the American 1st Cavalry Regiment on March 30, 1854 near what is now Pilar, New Mexico. Apache Wars and Battle of Cieneguilla are new Mexico Territory.

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Battle of Cookes Canyon

The Battle of Cookes Canyon was a military engagement fought between settlers from Confederate Arizona and Chiricahua Apaches in August 1861. Apache Wars and Battle of Cookes Canyon are new Mexico Territory.

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Battle of Fort Apache

The Battle of Fort Apache was an engagement of the Apache Wars between the cavalry garrison of Fort Apache and dozens of mounted White Mountain Apache warriors. Apache Wars and Battle of Fort Apache are Arizona Territory.

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Battle of Ojo Caliente Canyon

The Battle of Ojo Caliente Canyon, or simply the Battle of Ojo Caliente was an engagement of the Jicarilla War on April 8, 1854. Apache Wars and Battle of Ojo Caliente Canyon are new Mexico Territory.

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Battle of Pinos Altos

The Battle of Pinos Altos was a military action of the Apache Wars.

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Battle of Salt River Canyon

The Battle of Salt River Canyon, the Battle of Skeleton Cave, or the Skeleton Cave Massacre was the first principal engagement during the 1872 Tonto Basin Campaign under the command of Lieutenant Colonel George Crook. Apache Wars and Battle of Salt River Canyon are Arizona Territory.

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Battle of the Florida Mountains

The Battle of the Florida Mountains was an action of the Apache Wars. Apache Wars and Battle of the Florida Mountains are new Mexico Territory.

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Battle of the Mimbres River

The Battle of the Mimbres River was a surprise attack launched by a troop of American militia against an encampment of Chiricahua Apaches along the western shore of the Mimbres River. Apache Wars and Battle of the Mimbres River are new Mexico Territory.

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Battle of Tres Castillos

The Battle of Tres Castillos, October 14–15, 1880, in Chihuahua State, Mexico resulted in the death of the Chiricahua Apache chieftain Victorio and the death or capture of most of his followers. Apache Wars and Battle of Tres Castillos are Indian wars of the American Old West.

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Battle of Turret Peak

The Battle of Turret Peak occurred March 27, 1873 in the Arizona Territory between the United States Army and a group of Yavapai and Tonto Apaches as part of Lieutenant Colonel George Crook's campaign to return the natives to reservations. Apache Wars and Battle of Turret Peak are Arizona Territory.

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Buffalo Soldier

Buffalo Soldiers were United States Army regiments composed exclusively of African Americans soldiers, formed during the 19th century to serve on the American frontier.

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Butterfield Overland Mail

Butterfield Overland Mail (officially the Overland Mail Company)Waterman L. Ormsby, edited by Lyle H. Wright and Josephine M. Bynum, "The Butterfield Overland Mail", The Huntington Library, San Marino, California, 1991.

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California

California is a state in the Western United States, lying on the American Pacific Coast.

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California Column

The California Column was a force of Union volunteers sent to Arizona and New Mexico during the American Civil War. Apache Wars and California Column are Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War.

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Camp Grant massacre

The Camp Grant massacre, on April 30, 1871, was an attack on Pinal and Aravaipa Apaches who surrendered to the United States Army at Camp Grant, Arizona, along the San Pedro River. Apache Wars and Camp Grant massacre are Arizona Territory.

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Carlisle Indian Industrial School

The United States Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, generally known as Carlisle Indian Industrial School, was the flagship Indian boarding school in the United States from its founding in 1879 through 1918.

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Castillo de San Marcos

The Castillo de San Marcos (Spanish for "St. Mark's Castle") is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States; it is located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in St. Augustine, Florida.

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Charles B. Gatewood

First Lieutenant Charles Bare Gatewood (April 5, 1853 – May 20, 1896) was an American soldier born in Woodstock, Virginia.

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Chato (Apache)

Chato (Spanish nickname: "flat", Chatto or Chatta, c. 1854 – 13 August 1934) was a Chiricahua Apache subchief who carried out several raids on settlers in Arizona in the 1870s.

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Cherry Creek campaign

The Cherry Creek campaign occurred in March 1890 and was one of the final conflicts between hostile Apaches and the United States Army.

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Chihuahua (state)

Chihuahua, officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Chihuahua (Free and Sovereign State of Chihuahua), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federal entities of Mexico.

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Chiricahua

Chiricahua is a band of Apache Native Americans.

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Chiricahua Mountains

The Chiricahua Mountains massif is a large mountain range in southeastern Arizona which is part of the Basin and Range province of the west and southwestern United States and northwest Mexico; the range is part of the Coronado National Forest.

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Cochise

Cochise (Apache: Shi-ka-She or A-da-tli-chi,; later K'uu-ch'ish or Cheis,; June 8, 1874) was the leader of the Chiricahui local group of the Chokonen and principal nantan of the Chokonen band of a Chiricahua Apache.

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Comanche

The Comanche or Nʉmʉnʉʉ (Nʉmʉnʉʉ, "the people") is a Native American tribe from the Southern Plains of the present-day United States.

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Company (military unit)

A company is a military unit, typically consisting of 100–250 soldiers and usually commanded by a major or a captain.

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Confederate Arizona

Arizona Territory, colloquially referred to as Confederate Arizona, was an organized incorporated territory of the Confederate States of America that existed from August 1, 1861, to May 26, 1865, when the Confederate States Army Trans-Mississippi Department, commanded by General Edmund Kirby Smith, surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana.

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Confederate States Army

The Confederate States Army, also called the Confederate Army or the Southern Army, was the military land force of the Confederate States of America (commonly referred to as the Confederacy) during the American Civil War (1861–1865), fighting against the United States forces to win the independence of the Southern states and uphold and expand the institution of slavery.

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Earp Vendetta Ride

The Earp Vendetta Ride was a deadly search by a federal posse led by Deputy U.S. Marshal Wyatt Earp for a loose confederation of outlaw "Cowboys" they believed had ambushed his brothers Virgil and Morgan Earp, maiming the former and killing the latter. Apache Wars and Earp Vendetta Ride are Arizona Territory.

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Emmet Crawford

Emmet Crawford (December 22, 1844 – January 18, 1886) was an American soldier who rose through the ranks to become an officer.

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Eugene Asa Carr

Eugene Asa Niel Carr (March 20, 1830 – December 2, 1910) was a soldier in the United States Army and a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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First Battle of Adobe Walls

The First Battle of Adobe Walls took place between the United States Army and Native Americans.

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First Battle of Dragoon Springs

The First Battle of Dragoon Springs was a minor skirmish between a small troop of Confederate dragoons of Governor John R. Baylor's Arizona Rangers, and a band of Apache warriors during the American Civil War.

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Flanking maneuver

In military tactics, a flanking maneuver is a movement of an armed force around an enemy force's side, or flank, to achieve an advantageous position over it.

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Flechas Rayadas

Flechas Rayadas or Striped Arrows was a Jicarilla Apache chief of the band that, together with Francisco Chacon's warriors, defeated Lieutenant Davidson's detachment of 60 men from the First Regiment of Dragoons in the Battle of Cieneguilla, in the Embudo Mountains, on April 4, 1854, killing 22 and wounding 36.

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Fort Apache Indian Reservation

The Fort Apache Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation in Arizona, United States, encompassing parts of Navajo, Gila, and Apache counties.

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Fort Davis National Historic Site

Fort Davis National Historic Site is a United States National Historic Site located in the unincorporated community of Fort Davis, Jeff Davis County, Texas.

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Fort Pickens

Fort Pickens is a pentagonal historic United States military fort on Santa Rosa Island in the Pensacola, Florida, area.

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Fort Sill

Fort Sill is a United States Army post north of Lawton, Oklahoma, about 85 miles (137 km) southwest of Oklahoma City.

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Fort Sumner

Fort Sumner was a military fort in New Mexico Territory charged with the internment of Navajo and Mescalero Apache populations from 1863 to 1868 at nearby Bosque Redondo. Apache Wars and fort Sumner are new Mexico Territory.

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Frederic Remington

Frederic Sackrider Remington (October 4, 1861 – December 26, 1909) was an American painter, illustrator, sculptor, and writer who specialized in the genre of Western American Art.

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Frontier

A frontier is a political and geographical term referring to areas near or beyond a boundary.

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G. H. Oury

Granville Henderson Oury (March 12, 1825 – January 11, 1891) was a nineteenth-century American politician, lawyer, judge, soldier, and miner.

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George Crook

George R. Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer who served in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars.

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George Jordan (Medal of Honor)

George Jordan (c. 1847 – October 24, 1904) was a Buffalo Soldier in the United States Army and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Indian Wars of the western United States.

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George Nicholas Bascom

George Nicholas Bascom (1837 – February 21, 1862) was a United States Army officer in the New Mexico Territory and in the early months of the American Civil War.

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Geronimo

Gerónimo (Goyaałé,,; June 16, 1829 – February 17, 1909) was a military leader and medicine man from the Bedonkohe band of the Ndendahe Apache people.

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Geronimo Campaign

Geronimo Campaign, between May 1885 and September 1886, was the last large-scale military operation of the Apache wars. Apache Wars and Geronimo Campaign are Indian wars of the American Old West.

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Globe, Arizona

Globe (Bésh Baa Gowąh "Place of Metal") is a city in Gila County, Arizona, United States.

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Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of unconventional warfare in which small groups of irregular military, such as rebels, partisans, paramilitary personnel or armed civilians including recruited children, use ambushes, sabotage, terrorism, raids, petty warfare or hit-and-run tactics in a rebellion, in a violent conflict, in a war or in a civil war to fight against regular military, police or rival insurgent forces.

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Hampton University

Hampton University is a private, historically black, research university in Hampton, Virginia.

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Heliograph

A heliograph is a solar telegraph system that signals by flashes of sunlight (generally using Morse code) reflected by a mirror.

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Henry Ware Lawton

Henry Ware Lawton (March 17, 1843 – December 19, 1899) was a U.S. Army officer who served with distinction in the Civil War, the Apache Wars, and the Spanish–American War.

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Hurley, New Mexico

Hurley is a town in Grant County, New Mexico, United States.

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Indian Campaign Medal

The Indian Campaign Medal is a decoration established by War Department General Orders 12, 1907.

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Indian Removal Act

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was signed into law on May 28, 1830, by United States President Andrew Jackson.

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Indian reservation

An American Indian reservation is an area of land held and governed by a U.S. federal government-recognized Native American tribal nation, whose government is autonomous, subject to regulations passed by the United States Congress and administered by the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, and not to the U.S.

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J. R. West

Joseph Rodman West (September 19, 1822 – October 31, 1898), also known as J. Rodman West, was a United States senator from Louisiana, a Union general in the United States Army during and after the American Civil War and the chief executive of the District of Columbia.

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James Henry Carleton

James Henry Carleton (December 27, 1814 – January 7, 1873) was an officer in the US Army and a Union general during the American Civil War.

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James W. Watson

James W. Watson was an American politician.

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Jicarilla Apache

Jicarilla Apache (Jicarilla language: Jicarilla Dindéi), one of several loosely organized autonomous bands of the Eastern Apache, refers to the members of the Jicarilla Apache Nation currently living in New Mexico and speaking a Southern Athabaskan language.

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John George Walker

Major-General John George Walker (July 22, 1821 – July 20, 1893) was a Confederate general in the American Civil War.

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John Wynn Davidson

John Wynn Davidson (August 14, 1825 – June 26, 1881) was a brigadier general in the United States Army during the American Civil War and an American Indian fighter.

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Juh

Juh (also known as Ju, Ho, Whoa, and sometimes Who;Kraft, Louis (2000). - Gatewood and Geronimo. - Albuquerque: University of New Mexico. - p.4. - c. 1825 – Sept/Oct 1883) was a warrior and leader of the Janeros local group of the Ndéndai (or Nednhi) band of the Chiricahua Apache.

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King Woolsey

King S. Woolsey (ca. 1832 – June 30, 1879) was an American pioneer rancher, prospector and politician in 19th century Arizona.

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Kiowa

Kiowa or Cáuigú) people are a Native American tribe and an Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries,Pritzker 326 and eventually into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century.

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Kit Carson

Christopher Houston Carson (December 24, 1809 – May 23, 1868) was an American frontiersman.

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Lipan Apache people

Lipan Apache are a band of Apache, a Southern Athabaskan Indigenous people, who have lived in the Southwest and Southern Plains for centuries.

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Long Walk of the Navajo

The Long Walk of the Navajo, also called the Long Walk to Bosque Redondo (Spanish: larga caminata del navajo) (Navajo: Hwéeldi), was the deportation and ethnic cleansing of the Navajo people by the United States federal government and the United States army.

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Mangas Coloradas

Mangas Coloradas or Mangus-Colorado (La-choy Ko-kun-noste, alias "Red Sleeves"), or Dasoda-hae (c. 1793 – January 18, 1863) was an Apache tribal chief and a member of the Mimbreño (Tchihende) division of the Central Apaches, whose homeland stretched west from the Rio Grande to include most of what is present-day southwestern New Mexico.

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Manner of death

In many legal jurisdictions, the manner of death is a determination, typically made by the coroner, medical examiner, police, or similar officials, and recorded as a vital statistic.

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Massai

Massai (also known as: Masai, Massey, Massi, Mah–sii, Massa, Wasse, Wassil or by the nickname "Big Foot" Massai; c. 1847–1906, 1911?Simmons, Marc. - "TRAIL DUST: Massai's escape part of Apache history". - The Santa Fe New Mexican. - November 14, 2008. - Retrieved: January 25, 2010.) was a member of the Mimbres/Mimbreños local group of the Chihenne band of the Chiricahua Apache.

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Medal of Honor

The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians, and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor.

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Medicine man

A medicine man (from Ojibwe mashkikiiwinini) or medicine woman (from Ojibwe mashkikiiwininiikwe) is a traditional healer and spiritual leader who serves a community of Indigenous people of the Americas.

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Mescalero

Mescalero or Mescalero Apache (Naa'dahéńdé) is an Apache tribe of Southern Athabaskan–speaking Native Americans.

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Mexican–American War

The Mexican–American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War, and in Mexico as the United States intervention in Mexico, was an invasion of Mexico by the United States Army from 1846 to 1848. Apache Wars and Mexican–American War are wars fought in Arizona and wars fought in Texas.

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Mimbres River

The Mimbres is a river in southwestern New Mexico.

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Mogollon Rim

The Mogollon Rim (or or) is a topographical and geological feature cutting across the northern half of the U.S. state of Arizona.

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Mohave people

Mohave or Mojave (Mojave: 'Aha Makhav) are a Native American people indigenous to the Colorado River in the Mojave Desert.

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Nana (chief)

Kas-tziden ("Broken Foot") or Haškɛnadɨltla ("Angry, He is Agitated"), more widely known by his Mexican-Spanish appellation Nana ("grandma" or "lullaby") (c. 1810 – May 19, 1896), was a warrior and chief of the Chihenne band (better known as Warm Springs Apache) of the Chiricahua Apache.

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Navajo

The Navajo are a Native American people of the Southwestern United States.

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Navajo Scouts

The Navajo Scouts were part of the United States Army Indian Scouts between 1873 and 1895.

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Navajo Wars

The term Navajo Wars covers at least three distinct periods of conflict in the American West: the Navajo against the Spanish (late 16th century through 1821); the Navajo against the Mexican government (1821 through 1848); and the Navajo against the United States (after the 1847–48 Mexican–American War). Apache Wars and Navajo Wars are Indian wars of the American Old West, Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War, wars fought in Arizona and wars involving the indigenous peoples of North America.

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Nelson A. Miles

Nelson Appleton Miles (August 8, 1839 – May 15, 1925) was a United States Army officer who served in the American Civil War, the American Indian Wars and the Spanish–American War.

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New Mexico

New Mexico (Nuevo MéxicoIn Peninsular Spanish, a spelling variant, Méjico, is also used alongside México. According to the Diccionario panhispánico de dudas by Royal Spanish Academy and Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, the spelling version with J is correct; however, the spelling with X is recommended, as it is the one that is used in Mexican Spanish.; Yootó Hahoodzo) is a state in the Southwestern region of the United States.

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New Mexico Territory

The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912.

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Ojo Caliente, New Mexico

Ojo Caliente is an unincorporated community in Taos County, New Mexico, United States, along the Rio Ojo Caliente.

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Philip Sheridan

Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6, 1831 – August 5, 1888) was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War.

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Philip St. George Cooke

Philip St.

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Pinos Altos, New Mexico

Pinos Altos is a census-designated place in Grant County, New Mexico, United States.

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Plains Apache

The Plains Apache are a small Southern Athabaskan tribe who live on the Southern Plains of North America, in close association with the linguistically unrelated Kiowa Tribe.

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Quechan

The Quechan (Quechan: Kwatsáan 'those who descended'), or Yuma, are a Native American tribe who live on the Fort Yuma Indian Reservation on the lower Colorado River in Arizona and California just north of the Mexican border.

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Raid on Bear Valley

The raid on Bear Valley was an armed conflict that occurred in 1886 during Geronimo's War.

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Rio Grande

The Rio Grande in the United States or the Río Bravo (del Norte) in Mexico, also known as P’osoge in Tewa and Tó Ba’áadi in Navajo, is one of the principal rivers (along with the Colorado River) in the southwestern United States and in northern Mexico.

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Salt River (Arizona)

The Salt River (Spanish: Río Salado, O'odham Pima: Onk Akimel, Yavapai: Hakanyacha or Hakathi:, Maricopa language: Va Shly'ay) is a river in Gila and Maricopa counties in Arizona, United States, that is the largest tributary of the Gila River.

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San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation

The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another.

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San Carlos, Arizona

San Carlos (Sengaah) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Gila County, Arizona, United States.

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Santa Rita Mountains

The Santa Rita Mountains (O'odham: To:wa Kuswo Doʼag), located about southeast of Tucson, Arizona, extend from north to south, then trending southeast.

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Search and destroy

Seek and destroy (also known as search and destroy, or S&D) is a military strategy which consists of inserting infantry forces into hostile territory and directing them to search and then attack enemy targets before immediately withdrawing.

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Siege of Tubac

The siege of Tubac was a siege during the Apache Wars between settlers and militia of Confederate Arizona and the Chiricahua Apaches.

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Sierra Madre Occidental

The Sierra Madre Occidental is a major mountain range system of the North American Cordillera, that runs northwest–southeast through northwestern and western Mexico, and along the Gulf of California.

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Skeleton Canyon

Skeleton Canyon, called Cañon Bonita by the Mexicans, is located northeast of the town of Douglas, Arizona, in the Peloncillo Mountains, which straddle the modern Arizona and New Mexico state line, in the New Mexico Bootheel region.

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Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.

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Sonoita, Arizona

Sonoita (Ṣon ʼOidag) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Cruz County, Arizona, United States.

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Southwestern United States

The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that includes Arizona and New Mexico, along with adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, and Utah.

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St. Augustine, Florida

St.

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Telegraphy

Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the most populous state in the South Central region of the United States.

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Thomas J. Mastin

Thomas J. Mastin (September 13, 1839 — October 7, 1861) was a Confederate captain, attorney, and businessman.

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Tohono Oʼodham

The Tohono Oʼodham (Oʼodham) are a Native American people of the Sonoran Desert, residing primarily in the U.S. state of Arizona and the northern Mexican state of Sonora.

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Tom Horn

Thomas Horn Jr., (November 21, 1860 – November 20, 1903) was an American scout, cowboy, soldier, range detective, and Pinkerton agent in the 19th-century and early 20th-century American Old West.

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Tonto Apache

The Tonto Apache (Dilzhę́’é, also Dilzhe'e, Dilzhe’eh Apache) is one of the groups of Western Apache people and a federally recognized tribe, the Tonto Apache Tribe of Arizona.

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Tonto Basin

The Tonto Basin, also known as Pleasant Valley, covers the main drainage basin of Tonto Creek and its tributaries in central Arizona, at the southwest of the Mogollon Rim, the higher elevation transition zone across central and eastern Arizona.

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Tucson, Arizona

Tucson (Cuk Ṣon; Tucsón) is a city in and the county seat of Pima County, Arizona, United States, and is home to the University of Arizona.

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United States Army

The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Army Indian Scouts

Native Americans have made up an integral part of U.S. military conflicts since America's beginning.

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United States Cavalry

The United States Cavalry, or U.S. Cavalry, was the designation of the mounted force of the United States Army.

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United States Congress

The United States Congress, or simply Congress, is the legislature of the federal government of the United States.

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United States Department of War

The United States Department of War, also called the War Department (and occasionally War Office in the early years), was the United States Cabinet department originally responsible for the operation and maintenance of the United States Army, also bearing responsibility for naval affairs until the establishment of the Navy Department in 1798, and for most land-based air forces until the creation of the Department of the Air Force on September 18, 1947.

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Ute people

Ute are the indigenous, or Native American people, of the Ute tribe and culture among the Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin.

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Victorio

Victorio (Bidu-ya, Beduiat; ca. 1825–October 14, 1880) was a warrior and chief of the Warm Springs band of the Tchihendeh (or Chihenne, often called Mimbreño) division of the central Apaches in what is now the American states of Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua.

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Victorio's War

Victorios War, or the Victorio Campaign, was an armed conflict between the Apache followers of Chief Victorio, the United States, and Mexico beginning in September 1879. Apache Wars and Victorio's War are new Mexico Territory and wars fought in Arizona.

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Western Apache people

The Western Apache are a subgroup of the Apache Native American people, who live primarily in east central Arizona, in the United States and north of Mexico in the states of Sonora and Chihuahua.

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White flag

White flags have had different meanings throughout history and depending on the locale.

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White massacre

The White massacre was an engagement between American settlers and a band of Utes and Jicarilla Apaches that occurred in northeastern New Mexico on October 28, 1849. Apache Wars and White massacre are new Mexico Territory.

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William McBryar

William McBryar (February 14, 1861 – March 8, 1941) was a Buffalo Soldier in the United States Army and a recipient of America's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions during the Cherry Creek Campaign in Arizona Territory.

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Y. B. Rowdy

Yuma William "Bill" Rowdy (1862March 29, 1893) was a United States Army Indian scout and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions during the Cherry Creek Campaign in the Arizona Territory.

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Yavapai

The Yavapai are a Native American tribe in Arizona.

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Yavapai Wars

The Yavapai Wars, or the Tonto Wars, were a series of armed conflicts between the Yavapai and Tonto tribes against the United States in the Arizona Territory. Apache Wars and Yavapai Wars are 1860s conflicts, 1870s conflicts, wars fought in Arizona and wars involving the indigenous peoples of North America.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Wars

, Flanking maneuver, Flechas Rayadas, Fort Apache Indian Reservation, Fort Davis National Historic Site, Fort Pickens, Fort Sill, Fort Sumner, Frederic Remington, Frontier, G. H. Oury, George Crook, George Jordan (Medal of Honor), George Nicholas Bascom, Geronimo, Geronimo Campaign, Globe, Arizona, Guerrilla warfare, Hampton University, Heliograph, Henry Ware Lawton, Hurley, New Mexico, Indian Campaign Medal, Indian Removal Act, Indian reservation, J. R. West, James Henry Carleton, James W. Watson, Jicarilla Apache, John George Walker, John Wynn Davidson, Juh, King Woolsey, Kiowa, Kit Carson, Lipan Apache people, Long Walk of the Navajo, Mangas Coloradas, Manner of death, Massai, Medal of Honor, Medicine man, Mescalero, Mexican–American War, Mimbres River, Mogollon Rim, Mohave people, Nana (chief), Navajo, Navajo Scouts, Navajo Wars, Nelson A. Miles, New Mexico, New Mexico Territory, Ojo Caliente, New Mexico, Philip Sheridan, Philip St. George Cooke, Pinos Altos, New Mexico, Plains Apache, Quechan, Raid on Bear Valley, Rio Grande, Salt River (Arizona), San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, San Carlos, Arizona, Santa Rita Mountains, Search and destroy, Siege of Tubac, Sierra Madre Occidental, Skeleton Canyon, Smithsonian Institution, Sonoita, Arizona, Southwestern United States, St. Augustine, Florida, Telegraphy, Texas, Thomas J. Mastin, Tohono Oʼodham, Tom Horn, Tonto Apache, Tonto Basin, Tucson, Arizona, United States Army, United States Army Indian Scouts, United States Cavalry, United States Congress, United States Department of War, Ute people, Victorio, Victorio's War, Western Apache people, White flag, White massacre, William McBryar, Y. B. Rowdy, Yavapai, Yavapai Wars, Yavapai–Apache Nation, YouTube, 10th Cavalry Regiment (United States), 4th Cavalry Regiment (United States), 6th Cavalry Regiment.

Apache Wars, the Glossary

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