Arabia Petraea, the Glossary
Arabia Petraea or Petrea, also known as Rome's Arabian Province (Provincia Arabia; العربية الصخرية.; Ἐπαρχία Πετραίας Ἀραβίας) or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century.[1]
Table of Contents
81 relations: Alexander the Great, Amman, Annuario Pontificio, Aqaba, Arabia Deserta, Arabia Felix, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabs, Aramco World, As-Suwayda, Assyria (Roman province), Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus, Avidius Cassius, Bosana (Syria), Bosra, Bostran era, Byzantine Church (Petra), Byzantine Empire, Clodius Albinus, Daraa, Diocese of the East, Diocletian, Gaul, Gulf of Aqaba, Hauran, Hegra (Mada'in Salih), Hellenization, Heshbon, History of the Romans in Arabia, Israel, Jabal al-Druze, Jerash, Jordan River, Judaea (Roman province), Julia Domna, Lajat, Legio III Cyrenaica, Legio VI Ferrata, Levant, Limes Arabicus, List of Roman governors of Arabia Petraea, Lucius Aninius Sextius Florentinus, Madaba, Marcus Aurelius, Mesopotamia (Roman province), Metropolis, Moab, Muslim conquest of the Levant, Nabataean Kingdom, ... Expand index (31 more) »
- 100s establishments in the Roman Empire
- 630s disestablishments in the Byzantine Empire
- Ancient Levant
- Arabia
- Jordan in the Roman era
- Late Roman Syria
- Nabataea
- Sinai Peninsula
- States and territories established in the 100s
Alexander the Great
Alexander III of Macedon (Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), most commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.
See Arabia Petraea and Alexander the Great
Amman
Amman (ʿAmmān) is the capital and the largest city of Jordan, and the country's economic, political, and cultural center.
Annuario Pontificio
The Annuario Pontificio (Italian for Pontifical Yearbook) is the annual directory of the Holy See of the Catholic Church.
See Arabia Petraea and Annuario Pontificio
Aqaba
Aqaba (al-ʿAqaba) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.
Arabia Deserta
Arabia Deserta (Latin meaning "Abandoned/Deserted Arabia"), also known as Arabia Magna ("Great Arabia"), signified the desert interior of the Arabian peninsula. Arabia Petraea and Arabia Deserta are Arabia.
See Arabia Petraea and Arabia Deserta
Arabia Felix
Arabia Felix (literally: Fertile/Happy Arabia; also Ancient Greek: Εὐδαίμων Ἀραβία, Eudaemon Arabia) was the Latin name previously used by geographers to describe South Arabia, or what is now Yemen. Arabia Petraea and Arabia Felix are Arabia.
See Arabia Petraea and Arabia Felix
Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.
See Arabia Petraea and Arabian Peninsula
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
Aramco World
Aramco World (formerly Saudi Aramco World) is a bi-monthly magazine published by Aramco Services Company, a US-based subsidiary of Saudi Aramco, the state-owned oil company of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
See Arabia Petraea and Aramco World
As-Suwayda
As-Suwayda (ٱلسُّوَيْدَاء / ALA-LC romanization: as-Suwaydāʾ), also spelled Sweida, is a mainly Druze city located in southwestern Syria, close to the border with Jordan.
See Arabia Petraea and As-Suwayda
Assyria (Roman province)
Assyria was a short-lived Roman province in Mesopotamia that was created by Trajan in 116 during his campaign against the Parthian Empire.
See Arabia Petraea and Assyria (Roman province)
Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus
Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus (died AD 118) was a soldier and Roman statesman who was twice consul: first as consul ordinarius in AD 99, with Quintus Sosius Senecio as his colleague; and again in 109, with Publius Calvisius Tullus Ruso as his colleague.
See Arabia Petraea and Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus
Avidius Cassius
Gaius Avidius Cassius (130 – July 175 AD) was a Syrian Roman general and usurper.
See Arabia Petraea and Avidius Cassius
Bosana (Syria)
Bosana was an ancient city and bishopric in Roman Arabia, now a Latin Catholic titular see.
See Arabia Petraea and Bosana (Syria)
Bosra
Bosra (Buṣrā), formerly Bostra (Βόστρα) and officially called Busra al-Sham (Buṣrā al-Shām), is a town in southern Syria, administratively belonging to the Daraa District of the Daraa Governorate and geographically part of the Hauran region. Arabia Petraea and Bosra are Nabataea.
Bostran era
The Bostran era (also called the era of Bostra, the Arabian era or provincial era) was a calendar era (year numbering) with an epoch (start date) corresponding to 22March 106AD.
See Arabia Petraea and Bostran era
Byzantine Church (Petra)
The Byzantine Church at Petra (also known as The Petra Church) is a prime example of monumental architecture in Byzantine Petra.
See Arabia Petraea and Byzantine Church (Petra)
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
See Arabia Petraea and Byzantine Empire
Clodius Albinus
Decimus Clodius Albinus (150 – 19 February 197) was a Roman imperial pretender between 193 and 197.
See Arabia Petraea and Clodius Albinus
Daraa
Daraa (Darʿā, Levantine Arabic:, also Darʿā, Dara’a, Deraa, Dera'a, Dera, Derʿā and Edrei; means "fortress", compare Dura-Europos) is a city in southwestern Syria, located about north of the border with Jordan.
Diocese of the East
The Diocese of the East, also called the Diocese of Oriens, (Dioecesis Orientis; Διοίκησις Ἑῴα) was a diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of the western Middle East, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia. Arabia Petraea and diocese of the East are late Roman Syria.
See Arabia Petraea and Diocese of the East
Diocletian
Diocletian (Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus, Diokletianós; 242/245 – 311/312), nicknamed Jovius, was Roman emperor from 284 until his abdication in 305.
See Arabia Petraea and Diocletian
Gaul
Gaul (Gallia) was a region of Western Europe first clearly described by the Romans, encompassing present-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy.
Gulf of Aqaba
The Gulf of Aqaba (Khalīj al-ʿAqaba) or Gulf of Eilat (Mifrátz Eilát) is a large gulf at the northern tip of the Red Sea, east of the Sinai Peninsula and west of the Arabian Peninsula.
See Arabia Petraea and Gulf of Aqaba
Hauran
The Hauran (Ḥawrān; also spelled Hawran or Houran) is a region that spans parts of southern Syria and northern Jordan.
Hegra (Mada'in Salih)
Hegra (Ἕγρα), also known as Mada’in Salih (translit), is an archaeological site located in the area of Al-'Ula within Medina Province in the Hejaz region, Saudi Arabia. Arabia Petraea and Hegra (Mada'in Salih) are Nabataea.
See Arabia Petraea and Hegra (Mada'in Salih)
Hellenization
Hellenization (also spelled Hellenisation) or Hellenism is the adoption of Greek culture, religion, language, and identity by non-Greeks.
See Arabia Petraea and Hellenization
Heshbon
Heshbon (also Hesebon, Esebon, Esbous, Esbus; حشبون, Esebus, חשבון Ḥešbōn, Ἐσεβών, Ἐσσεβών, Ἐσβούτα, Ἐσβούς, Ἔσβους, Ἔξβους) were at least two different ancient towns located east of the Jordan River in what is now the Kingdom of Jordan, historically within the territories of ancient Ammon.
See Arabia Petraea and Heshbon
History of the Romans in Arabia
The Roman presence in the Arabian Peninsula had its foundations in the expansion of the empire under Augustus, and continued until the Arab conquests of Eastern Roman territory from the 630s onward.
See Arabia Petraea and History of the Romans in Arabia
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia.
Jabal al-Druze
Jabal al-Druze (Mountain of the Druze), is an elevated volcanic region in the As-Suwayda Governorate of southern Syria.
See Arabia Petraea and Jabal al-Druze
Jerash
Jerash (جرش Ǧaraš; Gérasa) is a city in northern Jordan.
Jordan River
The Jordan River or River Jordan (نَهْر الْأُرْدُنّ, Nahr al-ʾUrdunn; נְהַר הַיַּרְדֵּן, Nəhar hayYardēn), also known as Nahr Al-Sharieat (نهر الشريعة.), is a river in the Levant that flows roughly north to south through the freshwater Sea of Galilee and on to the salt water Dead Sea.
See Arabia Petraea and Jordan River
Judaea (Roman province)
Judaea (Iudaea; translit) was a Roman province from 6 to 132 AD, which incorporated the Levantine regions of Idumea, Philistia, Judea, Samaria and Galilee, extending over parts of the former regions of the Hasmonean and Herodian kingdoms of Judea. Arabia Petraea and Judaea (Roman province) are Jordan in the Roman era.
See Arabia Petraea and Judaea (Roman province)
Julia Domna
Julia Domna (– 217 AD) was Roman empress from 193 to 211 as the wife of Emperor Septimius Severus.
See Arabia Petraea and Julia Domna
Lajat
The Lajat (/ALA-LC: al-Lajāʾ), also spelled Lejat, Lajah, el-Leja or Laja, is the largest lava field in southern Syria, spanning some 900 square kilometers.
Legio III Cyrenaica
Legio III Cyrenaica, (Third Legion "Cyrenean") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army.
See Arabia Petraea and Legio III Cyrenaica
Legio VI Ferrata
Legio VI Ferrata ("Sixth Ironclad Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army.
See Arabia Petraea and Legio VI Ferrata
Levant
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.
Limes Arabicus
The Limes Arabicus was a desert frontier of the Roman Empire, running north from its start in the province of Arabia Petraea.
See Arabia Petraea and Limes Arabicus
List of Roman governors of Arabia Petraea
This is a list of known governors of the Arabia Petraea.
See Arabia Petraea and List of Roman governors of Arabia Petraea
Lucius Aninius Sextius Florentinus
Lucius Aninius Sextius Florentinus (died between 127 and 130) was a Roman senator, who held a number of imperial appointments during the reigns of Trajan and Hadrian.
See Arabia Petraea and Lucius Aninius Sextius Florentinus
Madaba
Madaba (مادبا; Biblical Hebrew: Mēḏəḇāʾ; Μήδαβα) is the capital city of Madaba Governorate in central Jordan, with a population of about 60,000.
Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (English:; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher.
See Arabia Petraea and Marcus Aurelius
Mesopotamia (Roman province)
Mesopotamia was the name of a Roman province, initially a short-lived creation of the Roman emperor Trajan in 116–117 and then re-established by Emperor Septimius Severus in c. 198. Arabia Petraea and Mesopotamia (Roman province) are states and territories disestablished in the 7th century.
See Arabia Petraea and Mesopotamia (Roman province)
Metropolis
A metropolis is a large city or conurbation which is a significant economic, political, and cultural area for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections, commerce, and communications.
See Arabia Petraea and Metropolis
Moab
Moab is an ancient Levantine kingdom whose territory is today located in southern Jordan.
Muslim conquest of the Levant
The Muslim conquest of the Levant (Fatḥ al-šām; lit. "Conquest of Syria"), or Arab conquest of Syria, was a 634–638 CE invasion of Byzantine Syria by the Rashidun Caliphate.
See Arabia Petraea and Muslim conquest of the Levant
Nabataean Kingdom
The Nabataean Kingdom (Nabataean Aramaic: 𐢕𐢃𐢋𐢈 Nabāṭū), also named Nabatea, was a political state of the Nabataeans during classical antiquity. Arabia Petraea and Nabataean Kingdom are Nabataea.
See Arabia Petraea and Nabataean Kingdom
Nawa, Syria
Nawa (Nawā) is a city in Syria, administratively belonging to the Daraa Governorate.
See Arabia Petraea and Nawa, Syria
Negev
The Negev (hanNégev) or Negeb (an-Naqab) is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel.
Palaestina Salutaris
Palaestina Salutaris or Palaestina Tertia was a Byzantine (Eastern Roman) province, which covered the area of the Negev, Sinai (except the north-western coast) and south-west of Transjordan, south of the Dead Sea. Arabia Petraea and Palaestina Salutaris are Jordan in the Roman era, Sinai Peninsula and states and territories disestablished in the 7th century.
See Arabia Petraea and Palaestina Salutaris
Palmyra
Palmyra (Palmyrene:, romanized: Tadmor; Tadmur) is an ancient city in the eastern part of the Levant, now in the center of modern Syria.
See Arabia Petraea and Palmyra
Parthia
Parthia (𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅Parθaw; 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran.
See Arabia Petraea and Parthia
Pescennius Niger
Gaius Pescennius Niger (c. 135 – 194) was a Roman usurper from 193 to 194 during the Year of the Five Emperors.
See Arabia Petraea and Pescennius Niger
Petra
Petra (Al-Batrāʾ; Πέτρα, "Rock"), originally known to its inhabitants as Raqmu (Nabataean: or, *Raqēmō), is a historic and archaeological city in southern Jordan. Arabia Petraea and Petra are Nabataea.
Petra papyri
The Petra papyri, also known as the Petra archive, is a corpus of papyrus documents written in Ancient Greek and dating to the 6th century AD that were discovered in the Byzantine Church at Petra in 1993.
See Arabia Petraea and Petra papyri
Philip the Arab
Philip the Arab (Marcus Julius Philippus "Arabs"; 204 – September 249) was Roman emperor from 244 to 249.
See Arabia Petraea and Philip the Arab
Praetorian prefecture of the East
The praetorian prefecture of the East, or of the Orient (praefectura praetorio Orientis, ἐπαρχότης/ὑπαρχία τῶν πραιτωρίων τῆς ἀνατολῆς) was one of four large praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided. Arabia Petraea and praetorian prefecture of the East are states and territories disestablished in the 7th century.
See Arabia Petraea and Praetorian prefecture of the East
Pre-Islamic Arabia
Pre-Islamic Arabia, referring to the Arabian Peninsula before Muhammad's first revelation in 610 CE, is referred to in Islam in the context of, highlighting the prevalence of paganism throughout the region at the time.
See Arabia Petraea and Pre-Islamic Arabia
Qanawat
Qanawat (Qanawāt) is a village in Syria, located 7 km north-east of al-Suwayda.
See Arabia Petraea and Qanawat
Rabbel II Soter
Rabbel II Soter (Nabataean Aramaic: Rabʾel dī ʾaḥyēy wa-šēzīb ʿammeh, "Rabbel, who gave life and deliverance to his people") was the last ruler of the Nabataean Kingdom, ruling from 70 to 106.
See Arabia Petraea and Rabbel II Soter
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
See Arabia Petraea and Red Sea
Roman Armenia
Roman Armenia refers to the rule of parts of Greater Armenia by the Roman Empire from the 1st century AD to the end of Late Antiquity.
See Arabia Petraea and Roman Armenia
Roman Egypt
Roman Egypt; was an imperial province of the Roman Empire from 30 BC to AD 641. Arabia Petraea and Roman Egypt are states and territories disestablished in the 7th century.
See Arabia Petraea and Roman Egypt
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
See Arabia Petraea and Roman Empire
Roman province
The Roman provinces (pl.) were the administrative regions of Ancient Rome outside Roman Italy that were controlled by the Romans under the Roman Republic and later the Roman Empire.
See Arabia Petraea and Roman province
Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria. Arabia Petraea and Roman Syria are ancient Levant.
See Arabia Petraea and Roman Syria
Septimius Severus
Lucius Septimius Severus (11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was a Roman politician who served as emperor from 193 to 211.
See Arabia Petraea and Septimius Severus
Shahba
Shahba (شَهْبَا / ALA-LC: Shahbā) is a city located south of Damascus in the Jabal el Druze in As-Suwayda Governorate of Syria, but formerly in the Roman province of Arabia Petraea.
Shaqqa
Shaqqa or Shakka (Šaqqā) is a Syrian town in As Suwayda Governorate in southern Syria.
Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (سِينَاء; سينا; Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.
See Arabia Petraea and Sinai Peninsula
Syria (region)
Syria (Hieroglyphic Luwian: Sura/i; Συρία; ܣܘܪܝܐ) or Sham (Ash-Shām) is a historical region located east of the Mediterranean Sea in West Asia, broadly synonymous with the Levant. Arabia Petraea and Syria (region) are history of Palestine (region).
See Arabia Petraea and Syria (region)
Tetrarchy
The Tetrarchy was the system instituted by Roman emperor Diocletian in 293 AD to govern the ancient Roman Empire by dividing it between two emperors, the augusti, and their junior colleagues and designated successors, the caesares.
See Arabia Petraea and Tetrarchy
Tigris
The Tigris (see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates.
Titular see
A titular see in various churches is an episcopal see of a former diocese that no longer functions, sometimes called a "dead diocese".
See Arabia Petraea and Titular see
Trajan
Trajan (born Marcus Ulpius Traianus, adopted name Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 53) was a Roman emperor from AD 98 to 117, remembered as the second of the Five Good Emperors of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.
Via Traiana Nova
The Via Traiana Nova or Trajan's New Road, previously known as the ''Via Regia'' or King's Highway, was an ancient Roman road built by Emperor Trajan in the province of Arabia Petraea, from Aqaba on the Red Sea to Bostra.
See Arabia Petraea and Via Traiana Nova
Zorava
Zorava (زورافا; translit, also known in Arabic as al-Aroba) is a village located in the Sinjar District of the Ninawa Governorate in northern Iraq.
363 Galilee earthquake
The Galilee earthquake of 363 was a pair of severe earthquakes that shook the Galilee and nearby regions on May 18 and 19.
See Arabia Petraea and 363 Galilee earthquake
See also
100s establishments in the Roman Empire
- Aqua Traiana
- Arabia Petraea
- Augustopolis in Phrygia
- Nicopolis ad Istrum
- Pannonia Inferior
- Pannonia Superior
- Roman Dacia
- Timgad
- Traianopolis (Phrygia)
- Via Traiana
630s disestablishments in the Byzantine Empire
- Arabia Petraea
- Legio V Macedonica
- Tel Tanninim
Ancient Levant
- 'En Esur
- 92 BC Levant earthquake
- Ahlamu
- Akkadian Empire
- Alalakh
- Amorites
- Ancient Israel and Judah
- Ancient Lebanon
- Ancient Syria
- Ancient synagogues in Palestine
- Arabia Petraea
- Arameans
- Archaeological sites in Israel
- Assyria
- Babylonia
- Canaan
- Ebla
- Edom
- Execration texts
- Ghassulian
- History of the ancient Levant
- King's Highway (ancient)
- Kingdom of Judah
- Levantine mythology
- Mari, Syria
- Names of the Levant
- Neo-Assyrian Empire
- Osroene
- Palmyrene Empire
- Phoenicia
- Phoenician settlement of North Africa
- Pompeian era
- Qatna
- Roman Syria
- Sea Peoples
- Shasu
- Shutu
- Suteans
- Syrian Wars
- Syro-Hittite states
- Temple in antis
- Ugarit
- ʿApiru
Arabia
- Achaemenid Arabia
- Arabia Deserta
- Arabia Felix
- Arabia Petraea
- Arabian Nome
- Eastern Arabia
- Ottoman Arabia
Jordan in the Roman era
- Arabia Petraea
- Herodian dynasty
- Judaea (Roman province)
- Judea (Roman province)
- Palaestina Salutaris
- Perea
- Salihids
- Syria Palaestina
Late Roman Syria
- Arabia Petraea
- Diocese of the East
- Euphratensis
- Ghassanids
- Iyad (tribe)
- Salihids
- Strata Diocletiana
- Tanukhids
Nabataea
- 'Imran ibn Shahin
- Al-Qaum
- Arabia Petraea
- Bosra
- Chaabou
- Dushara
- Hegra (Mada'in Salih)
- Hubal
- Incense trade route
- King's Highway (ancient)
- Leuke Kome
- Nabataean Arabic
- Nabataean Aramaic
- Nabataean Kingdom
- Nabataean architecture
- Nabataean art
- Nabataean coinage
- Nabataean religion
- Nabataean script
- Nabataeans
- Orotalt
- Petra
- Phasa'el
- Port of Gaza
Sinai Peninsula
- Abu Ageila
- Allium papillare
- Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
- Arabia Petraea
- Bnei Atzmon
- Canada Camp
- Church of Sinai
- Colchicum ritchii
- Coloured Canyon
- Dahab
- Dimitri's Psalter
- Egypt–Israel barrier
- El Shatt refugee camp
- Galala marble
- Giv'at Halfon Eina Ona
- History of the Sinai Peninsula
- Hypericum sinaicum
- Isthmus of Suez
- Kuntillet Ajrud
- Lagona
- Mount Serbal
- Mount Sinai
- Mount Sinai (Bible)
- Multinational Force and Observers
- Nawamis
- North Sinai Governorate
- Northwest Arabian Arabic
- Operation Sinai (2012)
- Palaestina Salutaris
- Proto-Sinaitic script
- Saint Katherine Protectorate
- Sinai Armenian inscriptions
- Sinai Interim Agreement
- Sinai Mujahideen
- Sinai Peninsula
- Sinai University
- Sinai insurgency
- Solar Lake
- South Sinai Governorate
- South Sinai regional development programme
- Tell el-Qudeirat
- Tomb of Aaron (Jordan)
- United Nations Emergency Force
- Wadi Khudra
- Wildlife of the Levant
States and territories established in the 100s
- Arabia Petraea
- Pannonia Inferior
- Pannonia Superior
- Roman Dacia
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Petraea
Also known as Arabia (Roman province), Arabia (province), Arabia Petrea, Arabia Province, Byzantine Arabia, Province of Arabia, Roman Arabia.
, Nawa, Syria, Negev, Palaestina Salutaris, Palmyra, Parthia, Pescennius Niger, Petra, Petra papyri, Philip the Arab, Praetorian prefecture of the East, Pre-Islamic Arabia, Qanawat, Rabbel II Soter, Red Sea, Roman Armenia, Roman Egypt, Roman Empire, Roman province, Roman Syria, Septimius Severus, Shahba, Shaqqa, Sinai Peninsula, Syria (region), Tetrarchy, Tigris, Titular see, Trajan, Via Traiana Nova, Zorava, 363 Galilee earthquake.