Arcuate fasciculus, the Glossary

Table of Contents

1. 36 relations: Agenesis, Amusia, Anatomical terms of location, Aphasia, Association fiber, Axon, Broca's area, Brodmann area 44, Cerebral hemisphere, Conduction aphasia, Diffusion MRI, Dyslexia, Frontal lobe, Human brain, Inferior frontal gyrus, Inferior parietal lobule, Lesion, Motor planning, Myelin, Nerve tract, Neuroanatomy, Paraphasia, Premotor cortex, Primary progressive aphasia, Prosody (linguistics), Sensory map, Specific language impairment, Stuttering, Superior longitudinal fasciculus, Superior temporal gyrus, Syntax, Temporal lobe, Two-streams hypothesis, Wernicke's area, Wernicke–Geschwind model, White matter.

2. Central nervous system pathways
3. Cerebral white matter

Agenesis

In medicine, agenesis refers to the failure of an organ to develop during embryonic growth and development due to the absence of primordial tissue.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Agenesis

Amusia

Amusia is a musical disorder that appears mainly as a defect in processing pitch but also encompasses musical memory and recognition.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Amusia

Anatomical terms of location

Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Anatomical terms of location

Aphasia

In aphasia (sometimes called dysphasia), a person may be unable to comprehend or unable to formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Aphasia

Association fiber

Association fibers are axons that connect cortical areas within the same cerebral hemisphere. Arcuate fasciculus and Association fiber are cerebral white matter.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Association fiber

Axon

An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis) or nerve fiber (or nerve fibre: see spelling differences) is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, in vertebrates, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials away from the nerve cell body.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Axon

Broca's area

Broca's area, or the Broca area (also), is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, usually the left, of the brain with functions linked to speech production.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Broca's area

Brodmann area 44

Brodmann area 44, or BA44, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Brodmann area 44

Cerebral hemisphere

The vertebrate cerebrum (brain) is formed by two cerebral hemispheres that are separated by a groove, the longitudinal fissure.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Cerebral hemisphere

Conduction aphasia

In neurology, conduction aphasia, also called associative aphasia, is an uncommon form of difficulty in speaking (aphasia).

See Arcuate fasciculus and Conduction aphasia

Diffusion MRI

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI or DW-MRI) is the use of specific MRI sequences as well as software that generates images from the resulting data that uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast in MR images.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Diffusion MRI

Dyslexia

Dyslexia, previously known as word blindness, is a learning disability ('learning difficulty' in the UK) that affects either reading or writing.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Dyslexia

Frontal lobe

The frontal lobe is the largest of the four major lobes of the brain in mammals, and is located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere (in front of the parietal lobe and the temporal lobe).

See Arcuate fasciculus and Frontal lobe

Human brain

The brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Human brain

Inferior frontal gyrus

The inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), (gyrus frontalis inferior), is the lowest positioned gyrus of the frontal gyri, of the frontal lobe, and is part of the prefrontal cortex.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Inferior frontal gyrus

Inferior parietal lobule

The inferior parietal lobule (subparietal district) lies below the horizontal portion of the intraparietal sulcus, and behind the lower part of the postcentral sulcus.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Inferior parietal lobule

Lesion

A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Lesion

Motor planning

In psychology and neuroscience, motor planning is a set of processes related to the preparation of a movement that occurs during the reaction time (the time between the presentation of a stimulus to a person and that person's initiation of a motor response).

See Arcuate fasciculus and Motor planning

Myelin

Myelin is a lipid-rich material that surrounds nerve cell axons (the nervous system's electrical wires) to insulate them and increase the rate at which electrical impulses (called action potentials) pass along the axon.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Myelin

Nerve tract

A nerve tract is a bundle of nerve fibers (axons) connecting nuclei of the central nervous system.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Nerve tract

Neuroanatomy

Neuroanatomy is the study of the structure and organization of the nervous system.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Neuroanatomy

Paraphasia

Paraphasia is a type of language output error commonly associated with aphasia, and characterized by the production of unintended syllables, words, or phrases during the effort to speak.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Paraphasia

Premotor cortex

The premotor cortex is an area of the motor cortex lying within the frontal lobe of the brain just anterior to the primary motor cortex.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Premotor cortex

Primary progressive aphasia

In neuropathy, primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a type of neurological syndrome in which language capabilities slowly and progressively become impaired.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Primary progressive aphasia

Prosody (linguistics)

In linguistics, prosody is the study of elements of speech that are not individual phonetic segments (vowels and consonants) but which are properties of syllables and larger units of speech, including linguistic functions such as intonation, stress, and rhythm.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Prosody (linguistics)

Sensory map

Sensory map is an area of the brain which responds to sensory stimulation, and are spatially organized according to some feature of the sensory stimulation.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Sensory map

Specific language impairment

Specific language impairment (SLI) (the term developmental language disorder is preferred by some) is diagnosed when a child's language does not develop normally and the difficulties cannot be accounted for by generally slow development, physical abnormality of the speech apparatus, autism spectrum disorder, apraxia, acquired brain damage or hearing loss.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Specific language impairment

Stuttering

Stuttering, also known as stammering, is a speech disorder characterized externally by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of sounds, syllables, words, or phrases as well as involuntary silent pauses or blocks in which the person who stutters is unable to produce sounds.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Stuttering

Superior longitudinal fasciculus

The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is an association tract in the brain that is composed of three separate components. Arcuate fasciculus and superior longitudinal fasciculus are central nervous system pathways and cerebral white matter.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Superior longitudinal fasciculus

Superior temporal gyrus

The superior temporal gyrus (STG) is one of three (sometimes two) gyri in the temporal lobe of the human brain, which is located laterally to the head, situated somewhat above the external ear.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Superior temporal gyrus

Syntax

In linguistics, syntax is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Syntax

Temporal lobe

The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Temporal lobe

Two-streams hypothesis

The two-streams hypothesis is a model of the neural processing of vision as well as hearing.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Two-streams hypothesis

Wernicke's area

Wernicke's area, also called Wernicke's speech area, is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex that are linked to speech, the other being Broca's area.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Wernicke's area

Wernicke–Geschwind model

In the study of language processing, Carl Wernicke created an early neurological model of language, that later was revived by Norman Geschwind.

See Arcuate fasciculus and Wernicke–Geschwind model

White matter

White matter refers to areas of the central nervous system (CNS) that are mainly made up of myelinated axons, also called tracts.

See Arcuate fasciculus and White matter

See also

Central nervous system pathways

• Amygdalofugal pathway
• Anterolateral corticospinal tract
• Arcuate fasciculus
• Central tegmental tract
• Cerebral peduncle
• Cingulum (brain)
• Cortico-olivary fibers
• Corticobulbar tract
• Corticomesencephalic tract
• Dopaminergic pathways
• Dorsal propriospinal tract
• Frontostriatal circuit
• Hypothalamospinal tract
• Incertohypothalamic pathway
• Juxtarestiform body
• Mammillotegmental fasciculus
• Medial lemniscus
• Medial longitudinal fasciculus
• Mesocortical pathway
• Mesolimbic pathway
• Mesostriatal system
• Myoclonic triangle
• Neural pathway
• Nigrostriatal pathway
• Pontocerebellar fibers
• Pyramidal signs
• Pyramidal tracts
• Rubro-olivary tract
• Spinal cord tracts
• Spinocervical pathway
• Spinohypothalamic tract
• Spinotectal tract
• Superior longitudinal fasciculus
• Trigeminal lemniscus
• Tuberoinfundibular pathway
• Vestibulo-oculomotor fibers
• Vestibulocerebellar tract

Cerebral white matter

• Acoustic radiation
• Anterior commissure
• Arcuate fasciculus
• Association fiber
• Centrum semiovale
• Commissural fiber
• Corona radiata
• Corpus callosum
• Cortico-olivary fibers
• Corticopontine fibers
• Disconnection syndrome
• Frontopontine fibers
• Inferior longitudinal fasciculus
• Occipitofrontal fasciculus
• Projection fiber
• Superior longitudinal fasciculus
• Temporopontine fibers
• Uncinate fasciculus
• Vertical occipital fasciculus

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcuate_fasciculus

Also known as Arcuate fascicle, Fasciculus arcuatus.