Arthropod, the Glossary
Arthropods are invertebrates in the phylum Arthropoda.[1]
Table of Contents
500 relations: Aarhus University Press, Aaveqaspis, Abdomen, Acceleration, Acutiramus, Aedes, Aglaspidida, Agnostida, Allergic rhinitis, Allergy, Allotriocarida, American lobster, American Society for Microbiology, Ammonia, Amniote, Animal husbandry, Annelid, Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, Annual Review of Entomology, Anomalocarididae, Anomalocaris, Anopheles, Anostraca, Ant, Antenna (biology), Antennulata, Antibiotic, Antimicrobial resistance, Anus, Aphid, Appendage, Aquatic animal, Arachnid, Arachnomorpha, Archispirostreptus gigas, Argulidae, Armadillidiidae, Artery, Arthropod, Arthropod exoskeleton, Arthropod eye, Arthropod head problem, Arthropod leg, Arthropod mouthparts, Articulata hypothesis, Artiopoda, Asthma, Atelocerata, Attercopus, Aysheaia, ... Expand index (450 more) »
- Arthropods
Aarhus University Press
Aarhus University Press is a commercial foundation, founded in 1985 by Aarhus University, Denmark.
See Arthropod and Aarhus University Press
Aaveqaspis
Aaveqaspis is a genus of small (about long) marine arthropods of unclear affiliation, that lived during the early Cambrian period.
Abdomen
The abdomen (colloquially called the belly, tummy, midriff, tucky or stomach) is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates.
Acceleration
In mechanics, acceleration is the rate of change of the velocity of an object with respect to time.
See Arthropod and Acceleration
Acutiramus
Acutiramus is a genus of giant predatory eurypterid, an extinct group of aquatic arthropods.
Aedes
Aedes (also known as the tiger mosquito) is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica.
Aglaspidida
Aglaspidida is an extinct order of aquatic arthropods that were once regarded as primitive chelicerates.
Agnostida
Agnostida are an order of extinct arthropods which have classically been seen as a group of highly modified trilobites, though some recent research has doubted this placement.
Allergic rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis, of which the seasonal type is called hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose that occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air.
See Arthropod and Allergic rhinitis
Allergy
Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are various conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.
Allotriocarida
Allotriocarida is a clade of Pancrustacea, containing Hexapoda (all insects, springtails & their close relatives).
See Arthropod and Allotriocarida
American lobster
The American lobster (Homarus americanus) is a species of lobster found on the Atlantic coast of North America, chiefly from Labrador to New Jersey.
See Arthropod and American lobster
American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology.
See Arthropod and American Society for Microbiology
Ammonia
Ammonia is an inorganic chemical compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula.
Amniote
Amniotes are tetrapod vertebrate animals belonging to the clade Amniota, a large group that comprises the vast majority of living terrestrial and semiaquatic vertebrates.
Animal husbandry
Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, or other products.
See Arthropod and Animal husbandry
Annelid
The annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, "little ring"), also known as the segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 22,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches. Arthropod and annelid are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
The Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics is an annual scientific journal published by Annual Reviews.
See Arthropod and Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Annual Review of Entomology
The Annual Review of Entomology is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes review articles about entomology, the study of insects.
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Anomalocarididae
Anomalocarididae (occasionally mis-spelt Anomalocaridae) is an extinct family of Cambrian radiodonts, a group of stem-group arthropods.
See Arthropod and Anomalocarididae
Anomalocaris
Anomalocaris ("unlike other shrimp", or "abnormal shrimp") is an extinct genus of radiodont, an order of early-diverging stem-group arthropods.
See Arthropod and Anomalocaris
Anopheles
Anopheles is a genus of mosquito first described by J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes.
Anostraca
Anostraca is one of the four orders of crustaceans in the class Branchiopoda; its members are referred to as fairy shrimp.
Ant
Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera.
Antenna (biology)
Antennae (antenna), sometimes referred to as "feelers", are paired appendages used for sensing in arthropods.
See Arthropod and Antenna (biology)
Antennulata
Antennulata is a proposed clade of arthropods comprising Artiopoda (Trilobites and their close relatives), Marrellomorpha and Mandibulata (crustaceans, hexapods and myriapods).
Antibiotic
An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria.
Antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microbes evolve mechanisms that protect them from the effects of antimicrobials (drugs used to treat infections).
See Arthropod and Antimicrobial resistance
Anus
In mammals, invertebrates and most fish, the anus (anuses or ani; from Latin, 'ring' or 'circle') is the external body orifice at the exit end of the digestive tract (bowel), i.e. the opposite end from the mouth.
Aphid
Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea.
Appendage
An appendage (or outgrowth) is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's or microorganism's body.
Aquatic animal
An aquatic animal is any animal, whether vertebrate or invertebrate, that lives in water for all or most of its lifetime.
See Arthropod and Aquatic animal
Arachnid
Arachnids are arthropods in the class Arachnida of the subphylum Chelicerata.
Arachnomorpha
Arachnomorpha is a proposed subdivision or clade of Arthropoda, comprising the group formed by the trilobites and their close relatives (Artiopoda), Megacheira (which may be paraphyletic) and chelicerates.
See Arthropod and Arachnomorpha
Archispirostreptus gigas
Archispirostreptus gigas, known as the giant African millipede or shongololo, is the largest extant species of millipede, growing up to in length, in circumference.
See Arthropod and Archispirostreptus gigas
Argulidae
The family Argulidae, whose members are commonly known as carp lice or fish lice, are parasitic crustaceans in the class Ichthyostraca.
Armadillidiidae
Armadillidiidae is a family of woodlice, a terrestrial crustacean group in the order Isopoda.
See Arthropod and Armadillidiidae
Artery
An artery is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body.
Arthropod
Arthropods are invertebrates in the phylum Arthropoda. Arthropod and Arthropod are arthropods and extant Cambrian first appearances.
Arthropod exoskeleton
Arthropods are covered with a tough, resilient integument, cuticle or exoskeleton of chitin.
See Arthropod and Arthropod exoskeleton
Arthropod eye
Apposition eyes are the most common form of eye, and are presumably the ancestral form of compound eye.
See Arthropod and Arthropod eye
Arthropod head problem
The (pan)arthropod head problem is a long-standing zoological dispute concerning the segmental composition of the heads of the various arthropod groups, and how they are evolutionarily related to each other.
See Arthropod and Arthropod head problem
Arthropod leg
The arthropod leg is a form of jointed appendage of arthropods, usually used for walking.
See Arthropod and Arthropod leg
Arthropod mouthparts
The mouthparts of arthropods have evolved into a number of forms, each adapted to a different style or mode of feeding.
See Arthropod and Arthropod mouthparts
Articulata hypothesis
The Articulata hypothesis is the grouping in a higher taxon of animals with segmented bodies, consisting of Annelida and Panarthropoda.
See Arthropod and Articulata hypothesis
Artiopoda
The Artiopoda is a grouping of extinct arthropods that includes trilobites and their close relatives.
Asthma
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.
Atelocerata
Atelocerata is a proposed clade of arthropods that includes Hexapoda (insects and a few related taxa) and Myriapoda (millipedes, centipedes, and similar taxa), but excludes Crustacea (such as shrimp and lobsters) and Chelicerata (such as spiders and horseshoe crabs).
Attercopus
Attercopus is an extinct genus of arachnids, containing one species Attercopus fimbriunguis, known from flattened cuticle fossils from the Panther Mountain Formation in Upstate New York.
Aysheaia
Aysheaia is an extinct genus of soft-bodied lobopodian, known from the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada.
Aztecs
The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican civilization that flourished in central Mexico in the post-classic period from 1300 to 1521.
Bacteria
Bacteria (bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell.
Bactrocera dorsalis
Bactrocera dorsalis, previously known as Dacus dorsalis and commonly referred to as the oriental fruit fly, is a species of tephritid fruit fly that is endemic to Southeast Asia.
See Arthropod and Bactrocera dorsalis
Barnacle
Barnacles are arthropods of the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea.
Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier
Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier (3 April 1797 – 9 July 1878) was a Belgian who conducted a parallel career of botanist and Member of Parliament.
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Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram.
See Arthropod and Basal (phylogenetics)
Bee
Bees are winged insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their roles in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey.
Beekeeper
A beekeeper is a person who keeps honey bees, a profession known as beekeeping.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity (or biological diversity) is the variety and variability of life on Earth.
See Arthropod and Biodiversity
Bioinspiration & Biomimetics
Bioinspiration & Biomimetics is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes research involving the study and distillation of principles and functions found in biological systems that have been developed through evolution.
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Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
The Biological Journal of the Linnean Society is a direct descendant of the oldest biological journal in the world, the Transactions of the Linnean Society.
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Biological pest control
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, whether pest animals such as insects and mites, weeds, or pathogens affecting animals or plants by using other organisms.
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Biology Letters
Biology Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society, established in 2005.
See Arthropod and Biology Letters
Biomimetics
Biomimetics or biomimicry is the emulation of the models, systems, and elements of nature for the purpose of solving complex human problems.
Biomineralization
Biomineralization, also written biomineralisation, is the process by which living organisms produce minerals, often resulting in hardened or stiffened mineralized tissues.
See Arthropod and Biomineralization
Blood
Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.
Blood cell
A blood cell (also called a hematopoietic cell, hemocyte, or hematocyte) is a cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood.
BMC Biology
BMC Biology is an online open access scientific journal that publishes original, peer-reviewed research in all fields of biology, together with opinion and comment articles.
BMC Ecology and Evolution
BMC Ecology and Evolution (since January 2021), previously BMC Evolutionary Biology (2001–2020), is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering all fields of evolutionary biology, including phylogenetics and palaeontology.
See Arthropod and BMC Ecology and Evolution
Book lung
A book lung is a type of respiration organ used for atmospheric gas exchange that is present in many arachnids, such as scorpions and spiders.
Brachiopod
Brachiopods, phylum Brachiopoda, are a phylum of trochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs. Arthropod and Brachiopod are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Bradoriida
Bradoriida, also called bradoriids, are an extinct order of small marine arthropods with a bivalved carapace, which globally distributed, forming a significant portion of the Cambrian and Early Ordovician soft-bodied communities.
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
Branchiopoda
Branchiopoda is a class of crustaceans. Arthropod and Branchiopoda are extant Cambrian first appearances.
See Arthropod and Branchiopoda
Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada.
See Arthropod and Burgess Shale
Bushizheia
Bushizheia yangi is an extinct species of arthropod known from a single specimen found in the Early Cambrian Maotianshan Shales Lagerstätte in China.
Butterfly house
A butterfly house, conservatory, or lepidopterarium is a facility which is specifically intended for the breeding and display of butterflies with an emphasis on education.
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Calanoida
Calanoida is an order of copepods, a group of arthropods commonly found as zooplankton.
Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula.
See Arthropod and Calcium carbonate
Cambodia
Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Mainland Southeast Asia.
Cambrian
The Cambrian is the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, and the Phanerozoic Eon.
Cambrian explosion
The Cambrian explosion (also known as Cambrian radiation or Cambrian diversification) is an interval of time approximately in the Cambrian period of the early Paleozoic when a sudden radiation of complex life occurred, and practically all major animal phyla started appearing in the fossil record.
See Arthropod and Cambrian explosion
Cambridge Philosophical Society
The Cambridge Philosophical Society (CPS) is a scientific society at the University of Cambridge.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
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Cambropachycope
Cambropachycope is a genus of small (long) extinct Cambrian arthropods, known from the Orsten lagerstätten in southern Sweden.
See Arthropod and Cambropachycope
Camptophyllia
Camptophyllia is a genus of small to average size arthropods of uncertain affiliation, that lived during the Upper Carboniferous in what is today England.
See Arthropod and Camptophyllia
Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
Caprellidae
Caprellidae is a family of amphipods commonly known as skeleton shrimps.
Carboniferous
The Carboniferous is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic that spans 60 million years from the end of the Devonian Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Permian Period, Ma.
See Arthropod and Carboniferous
Caryosyntrips
Caryosyntrips ("nutcracker") is an extinct genus of stem-arthropod which known from Canada, United States and Spain during the middle Cambrian.
See Arthropod and Caryosyntrips
Caterpillar
Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering cellular and molecular life sciences.
See Arthropod and Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
Cengage Group
Cengage Group is an American educational content, technology, and services company for higher education, K–12, professional, and library markets.
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Cenozoic
The Cenozoic is Earth's current geological era, representing the last 66million years of Earth's history.
Centipede
Centipedes (from Neo-Latin centi-, "hundred", and Latin pes, pedis, "foot") are predatory arthropods belonging to the class Chilopoda (Ancient Greek χεῖλος, kheilos, "lip", and Neo-Latin suffix -poda, "foot", describing the forcipules) of the subphylum Myriapoda, an arthropod group which includes millipedes and other multi-legged animals.
Cephalocarida
The Cephalocarida are a class in the subphylum Crustacea comprising only 12 species.
See Arthropod and Cephalocarida
Chaetognatha
The Chaetognatha or chaetognaths (meaning bristle-jaws) are a phylum of predatory marine worms that are a major component of plankton worldwide. Arthropod and chaetognatha are extant Cambrian first appearances.
See Arthropod and Chaetognatha
Chasmataspidida
Chasmataspidids, sometime referred to as chasmataspids, are a group of extinct chelicerate arthropods that form the order Chasmataspidida.
See Arthropod and Chasmataspidida
Chelicerae
The chelicerae are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders.
Chelicerata
The subphylum Chelicerata (from Neo-Latin) constitutes one of the major subdivisions of the phylum Arthropoda.
Cheloniellida
Cheloniellida is a taxon (usually referred to as an order) of extinct Paleozoic arthropods.
See Arthropod and Cheloniellida
Chitin
Chitin (C8H13O5N)n is a long-chain polymer of ''N''-acetylglucosamine, an amide derivative of glucose.
Chuandianella
Chuandianella ovata is an extinct bivalved arthropod that lived during Cambrian Stage 3 of the Early Cambrian (about 520 to 516 million years ago).
See Arthropod and Chuandianella
Circulatory system
The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.
See Arthropod and Circulatory system
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek clados "branch" and gramma "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms.
Clam shrimp
Clam shrimp are a group of bivalved branchiopod crustaceans that resemble the unrelated bivalved molluscs.
Class (biology)
In biological classification, class (classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank.
See Arthropod and Class (biology)
Claw
A claw is a curved, pointed appendage found at the end of a toe or finger in most amniotes (mammals, reptiles, birds).
Cochineal
The cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) is a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the natural dye carmine is derived.
Cockroach
Cockroaches (or roaches) are insects belonging to the order Blattodea (Blattaria). About 30 cockroach species out of 4,600 are associated with human habitats. Some species are well-known pests. The cockroaches are an ancient group, with their ancestors, known as "roachoids", originating during the Carboniferous period, some 320 million years ago.
Codex Alimentarius
The i is a collection of internationally recognized standards, codes of practice, guidelines, and other recommendations published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations relating to food, food production, food labeling, and food safety.
See Arthropod and Codex Alimentarius
Coelom
The coelom (or celom) is the main body cavity in many animals and is positioned inside the body to surround and contain the digestive tract and other organs.
Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.
See Arthropod and Columbia University Press
Commercial butterfly breeding
Commercial butterfly breeding or captive butterfly breeding is the practice of breeding butterflies and moths in controlled environments to supply the stock to research facilities, universities, zoos, insectariums, elementary and secondary schools, butterfly exhibits, conservation organizations, nature centers, individuals, and other commercial facilities.
See Arthropod and Commercial butterfly breeding
Commissure
A commissure is the location at which two objects abut or are joined.
Composite material
A composite material (also called a composition material or shortened to composite, which is the common name) is a material which is produced from two or more constituent materials.
See Arthropod and Composite material
Compound eye
A compound eye is a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans.
See Arthropod and Compound eye
Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different periods or epochs in time.
See Arthropod and Convergent evolution
Copepod
Copepods (meaning "oar-feet") are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat.
Copper
Copper is a chemical element; it has symbol Cu and atomic number 29.
Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica (literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in the Central American region of North America.
Courtship
Courtship is the period wherein some couples get to know each other prior to a possible marriage or committed romantic, de facto relationship.
Crab
Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting tail-like abdomen, usually hidden entirely under the thorax (brachyura means "short tail" in Greek).
Crayfish
Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters.
CRC Press
The CRC Press, LLC is an American publishing group that specializes in producing technical books.
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).
Crop
A crop is a plant that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence.
Cross section (geometry)
In geometry and science, a cross section is the non-empty intersection of a solid body in three-dimensional space with a plane, or the analog in higher-dimensional spaces.
See Arthropod and Cross section (geometry)
Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor.
Crustacean
Crustaceans are a group of arthropods that are a part of the subphylum Crustacea, a large, diverse group of mainly aquatic arthropods including decapods (shrimps, prawns, crabs, lobsters and crayfish), seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, opossum shrimps, amphipods and mantis shrimp. Arthropod and Crustacean are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Crustacean larva
Crustaceans may pass through a number of larval and immature stages between hatching from their eggs and reaching their adult form.
See Arthropod and Crustacean larva
Cucumericrus
Cucumericrus ("cucumber-leg") is an extinct genus of stem-arthropod.
See Arthropod and Cucumericrus
Culex
Culex or typical mosquitoes are a genus of mosquitoes, several species of which serve as vectors of one or more important diseases of birds, humans, and other animals.
Cuticle
A cuticle, or cuticula, is any of a variety of tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection.
Cyclida
Cyclida (formerly Cycloidea, and so sometimes known as cycloids) is an extinct order of crab-like fossil arthropods that lived from the Carboniferous to the Jurassic and possibly Cretaceous.
Cycloneuralia
Cycloneuralia is a proposed clade of ecdysozoan animals including the Scalidophora (Kinorhynchans, Loriciferans, Priapulids), the Nematoida (nematodes, Nematomorphs), and the extinct Palaeoscolecid.
See Arthropod and Cycloneuralia
Cyclopoida
The Cyclopoida are an order of small crustaceans from the subclass Copepoda.
Decapoda
The Decapoda or decapods (literally "ten-footed") are an order of crustaceans within the class Malacostraca, and includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and prawns.
Dekatriata
Dekatriata is a clade of planatergan chelicerates including the groups Arachnida, Chasmataspidida, Eurypterida and additionally two stem-genera Winneshiekia and Houia.
Delitzschala
Delitzschala is an extinct palaeodictyopteran, the oldest known to science.
See Arthropod and Delitzschala
Dengue fever
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by dengue virus, prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas.
See Arthropod and Dengue fever
Dermatitis
Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash.
Derocheilocarididae
Derocheilocarididae is a family of marine crustaceans that form part of the meiobenthos.
See Arthropod and Derocheilocarididae
Detritivore
Detritivores (also known as detrivores, detritophages, detritus feeders or detritus eaters) are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus (decomposing plant and animal parts as well as feces).
Deuteropoda
Deuteropoda is a proposed clade of arthropods whose members are distinguished from more basal stem-group arthropods like radiodonts by an anatomical reorganization of the head region, namely the appearance of a differentiated first appendage pair (the 'deutocerebral' pair), a multisegmented head, a hypostome/labrum complex, and by bearing pairs of segmented biramous limbs.
Devonian
The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era during the Phanerozoic eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian period at million years ago (Ma), to the beginning of the succeeding Carboniferous period at Ma.
Dibasterium
Dibasterium is an extinct genus of euchelicerate, a group of chelicerate arthropods.
Dinocaridida
DinocarididaGreek for deinos "terrible" and Latin for caris "crab" – sometimes informally spelt Dinocarida, but the second 'id' is linguistically correct – see is a proposed fossil taxon of basal arthropods, which flourished during the Cambrian period and survived up to Early Devonian.
See Arthropod and Dinocaridida
Diplostraca
The Diplostraca or Cladocera, commonly known as water fleas, is a superorder of small, mostly freshwater crustaceans, most of which feed on microscopic chunks of organic matter, though some forms are predatory.
Diplura
The order Diplura ("two-pronged bristletails") is one of three orders of non-insect hexapods within the class Entognatha (alongside Collembola (springtails) and Protura).
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.
Dolichophonus
Dolichophonus is an extinct genus of scorpions known from the Silurian-age Gutterford Burn Eurypterid bed, in the Pentland Hills in Scotland.
See Arthropod and Dolichophonus
Dorsal lobe
The dorsal lobe of arthropods is also known as the antennal mechanosensory center in contrast to the Optic lobe (visual center) and the antennal lobe (olfactory center).
Dragonfly
A dragonfly is a flying insect belonging to the infraorder Anisoptera below the order Odonata.
Eardrum
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear.
Ecdysis
Ecdysis is the moulting of the cuticle in many invertebrates of the clade Ecdysozoa.
Ecdysozoa
Ecdysozoa is a group of protostome animals, including Arthropoda (insects, chelicerata (including arachnids), crustaceans, and myriapods), Nematoda, and several smaller phyla. Arthropod and Ecdysozoa are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Ecological Economics (journal)
Ecological Economics.
See Arthropod and Ecological Economics (journal)
Ecological niche
In ecology, a niche is the match of a species to a specific environmental condition.
See Arthropod and Ecological niche
Ecosystem
An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system that environments and their organisms form through their interaction.
Ediacaran
The Ediacaran is a geological period of the Neoproterozoic Era that spans 96 million years from the end of the Cryogenian Period at 635 Mya to the beginning of the Cambrian Period at 538.8 Mya.
Egg cell
The egg cell or ovum (ova) is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, in most anisogamous organisms (organisms that reproduce sexually with a larger, female gamete and a smaller, male one).
Embryo
An embryo is the initial stage of development for a multicellular organism.
Entognatha
The Entognatha are a class of wingless and ametabolous arthropods, which, together with the insects, makes up the subphylum Hexapoda.
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.
Epidermis (zoology)
In zoology, the epidermis is an epithelium (sheet of cells) that covers the body of a eumetazoan (animal more complex than a sponge).
See Arthropod and Epidermis (zoology)
Erratus
Erratus is an extinct genus of marine arthropod from the Cambrian of China.
Esophagus
The esophagus (American English) or oesophagus (British English, see spelling differences; both;: (o)esophagi or (o)esophaguses), colloquially known also as the food pipe, food tube, or gullet, is an organ in vertebrates through which food passes, aided by peristaltic contractions, from the pharynx to the stomach.
Eurypterid
Eurypterids, often informally called sea scorpions, are a group of extinct arthropods that form the order Eurypterida.
Euthycarcinoidea
Euthycarcinoidea are an enigmatic group of extinct, possibly amphibious arthropods that ranged from Cambrian to Triassic times.
See Arthropod and Euthycarcinoidea
Evolutionary grade
A grade is a taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity.
See Arthropod and Evolutionary grade
Exaptation
Exaptation or co-option is a shift in the function of a trait during evolution.
Excretion
Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms.
Excretory system
The excretory system is a passive biological system that removes excess, unnecessary materials from the body fluids of an organism, so as to help maintain internal chemical homeostasis and prevent damage to the body.
See Arthropod and Excretory system
Exoskeleton
An exoskeleton (from Greek έξω éxō "outer" and σκελετός skeletós "skeleton") is a skeleton that is on the exterior of an animal in the form of hardened integument, which both supports the body's shape and protects the internal organs, in contrast to an internal endoskeleton (e.g.
Experimental and Applied Acarology
Experimental and Applied Acarology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of acarology.
See Arthropod and Experimental and Applied Acarology
External fertilization
External fertilization is a mode of reproduction in which a male organism's sperm fertilizes a female organism's egg outside of the female's body.
See Arthropod and External fertilization
Extinction
Extinction is the termination of a taxon by the death of its last member.
Exuviae
In biology, exuviae are the remains of an exoskeleton and related structures that are left after ecdysozoans (including insects, crustaceans and arachnids) have molted.
Facivermis
Facivermis (meaning "torch worm") is a genus of sessile lobopodian from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shales of China.
Fang
A fang is a long, pointed tooth.
Feather
Feathers are epidermal growths that form a distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on both avian (bird) and some non-avian dinosaurs and other archosaurs.
Feces
Feces (or faeces;: faex) are the solid or semi-solid remains of food that was not digested in the small intestine, and has been broken down by bacteria in the large intestine.
Felt
Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together.
Fengzhengia
Fengzhengia is an extinct genus of arthropod known from a single species, Fengzhengia mamingae from the Cambrian aged Chengjiang Biota of Yunnan, China.
Filariasis
Filariasis, is a filarial infection caused by parasitic nematodes (roundworms) spread by different vectors.
Filter feeder
Filter feeders are aquatic animals that acquire nutrients by feeding on organic matters, food particles or smaller organisms (bacteria, microalgae and zooplanktons) suspended in water, typically by having the water pass over or through a specialized filtering organ.
See Arthropod and Filter feeder
Food additive
Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities.
See Arthropod and Food additive
Food and Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsOrganisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura.
See Arthropod and Food and Agriculture Organization
Food and Drug Administration
The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services.
See Arthropod and Food and Drug Administration
The foot (feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates.
Forensic entomology
Forensic entomology is a branch of forensic science that uses insects found on corpses to help solve criminal cases.
See Arthropod and Forensic entomology
Fortunian
The Fortunian age marks the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon, the Paleozoic Era, and the Cambrian Period.
Fuxianhuia
Fuxianhuia is a genus of Lower Cambrian fossil arthropod known from the Chengjiang fauna in China.
Fuxianhuiida
Fuxianhuiida is an extinct clade of arthropods from the Cambrian of China.
See Arthropod and Fuxianhuiida
Ganglion
A ganglion (ganglia) is a group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system.
Genitive case
In grammar, the genitive case (abbreviated) is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun.
See Arthropod and Genitive case
Geological Journal
The Geological Journal is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of geology.
See Arthropod and Geological Journal
Geological Survey of Canada
The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC; Commission géologique du Canada, CGC) is a Canadian federal government agency responsible for performing geological surveys of the country developing Canada's natural resources and protecting the environment.
See Arthropod and Geological Survey of Canada
Geology (journal)
Geology is a peer-reviewed publication of the Geological Society of America (GSA).
See Arthropod and Geology (journal)
Gill
A gill is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide.
Gonopod
Gonopods are specialized appendages of various arthropods used in reproduction or egg-laying.
Goticaris
Goticaris is a genus of small (long) extinct Cambrian arthropods, known from the Orsten lagerstätten in southern Sweden.
Graham Budd
Graham Edward Budd is a British palaeontologist.
Greek language
Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.
See Arthropod and Greek language
Habeliida
Habeliida is an order of extinct arthropods that existed during the middle Cambrian.
Hallucigenia
Hallucigenia is a genus of lobopodian known from Cambrian aged fossils in Burgess Shale-type deposits in Canada and China, and from isolated spines around the world.
See Arthropod and Hallucigenia
Head
A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste.
Hematophagy
Hematophagy (sometimes spelled haematophagy or hematophagia) is the practice by certain animals of feeding on blood (from the Greek words αἷμα haima "blood" and φαγεῖν phagein "to eat").
Hemiptera
Hemiptera is an order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising over 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and shield bugs.
Hemocyanin
Hemocyanins (also spelled haemocyanins and abbreviated Hc) are proteins that transport oxygen throughout the bodies of some invertebrate animals.
Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin (haemoglobin, Hb or Hgb) is a protein containing iron that facilitates the transport of oxygen in red blood cells.
Hemolymph
Hemolymph, or haemolymph, is a fluid, analogous to the blood in vertebrates, that circulates in the interior of the arthropod (invertebrate) body, remaining in direct contact with the animal's tissues.
Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage or marine algae, for the main component of its diet.
Hermaphrodite
A hermaphrodite is a sexually reproducing organism that produces both male and female gametes.
See Arthropod and Hermaphrodite
Hexagon
In geometry, a hexagon (from Greek ἕξ, hex, meaning "six", and γωνία, gonía, meaning "corner, angle") is a six-sided polygon.
Hexanauplia
The Hexanauplia is a clade proposed by Oakley et al.
Hexapoda
The subphylum Hexapoda (from Greek for 'six legs') or hexapods comprises the largest clade of arthropods and includes most of the extant arthropod species.
Historical Biology
Historical Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of paleobiology.
See Arthropod and Historical Biology
Honey
Honey is a sweet and viscous substance made by several species of bees, the best-known of which are honey bees.
Horseshoe crab
Horseshoe crabs are marine and brackish water arthropods of the family Limulidae and are the only surviving xiphosurans.
See Arthropod and Horseshoe crab
Hou Xian-guang
Hou Xian-guang (alternatively Xianguang;; born 26 March 1949) is a Chinese paleontologist at Yunnan University who made key discoveries in the Cambrian life of China around 518 myr.
See Arthropod and Hou Xian-guang
Houia
Houia is an extinct genus of dekatriatan, a clade of chelicerate arthropods.
Humidity
Humidity is the concentration of water vapor present in the air.
Hydraulics
Hydraulics is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences involving the mechanical properties and use of liquids.
Hydrostatic skeleton
A hydrostatic skeleton or hydroskeleton is a type of skeleton supported by hydrostatic fluid pressure, common among soft-bodied invertebrate animals colloquially referred to as "worms".
See Arthropod and Hydrostatic skeleton
Hymenocarina
Hymenocarina is an order of extinct arthropods known from the Cambrian.
See Arthropod and Hymenocarina
Ibacus peronii
Ibacus peronii, the Balmain bug or butterfly fan lobster, is a species of slipper lobster.
See Arthropod and Ibacus peronii
Ichthyostraca
Ichthyostraca is a class of parasitic crustaceans. Arthropod and Ichthyostraca are arthropods.
See Arthropod and Ichthyostraca
Incertae sedis
of uncertain placement or problematica is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined.
See Arthropod and Incertae sedis
Inner ear
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear.
Insect
Insects (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta.
Insect farming
Insect farming is the practice of raising and breeding insects as livestock, also referred to as minilivestock or micro stock.
See Arthropod and Insect farming
Insectivore
robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant that eats insects.
Instar
An instar (from the Latin īnstar 'form, likeness') is a developmental stage of arthropods, such as insects, which occurs between each moult (ecdysis) until sexual maturity is reached.
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
The University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) is a teaching, research and Extension scientific organization focused on agriculture and natural resources.
See Arthropod and Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
Integrated pest management
Integrated pest management (IPM), also known as integrated pest control (IPC) is a broad-based approach that integrates both chemical and non-chemical practices for economic control of pests.
See Arthropod and Integrated pest management
Integrative and Comparative Biology
Integrative and Comparative Biology is the scientific journal for the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (formerly the American Society of Zoologists).
See Arthropod and Integrative and Comparative Biology
Internal fertilization
Internal fertilization is the union of an egg and sperm cell during sexual reproduction inside the female body.
See Arthropod and Internal fertilization
Invertebrate
Invertebrates is an umbrella term describing animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a spine or backbone), which evolved from the notochord.
See Arthropod and Invertebrate
Invertebrate paleontology
Invertebrate paleontology (also spelled invertebrate palaeontology) is sometimes described as invertebrate paleozoology or invertebrate paleobiology.
See Arthropod and Invertebrate paleontology
Isoxyida
Isoxyids are members of the order Isoxyida and the family Isoxyidae, a group of basal arthropods that existed during the Cambrian period.
Isoxys
Isoxys (meaning "equal surfaces") is a genus of extinct bivalved Cambrian arthropod; the various species of which are thought to have been freely swimming predators.
Japanese spider crab
The Japanese spider crab (Macrocheira kaempferi) is a species of marine crab and is the biggest one that lives in the waters around Japan.
See Arthropod and Japanese spider crab
Jianshanopodia
Jianshanopodia is a monotypic genus of Cambrian lobopodian, discovered from Maotianshan Shales of Yunnan, China.
See Arthropod and Jianshanopodia
Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst
Johann Ludwig Christian Carl Gravenhorst (14 November 1777 – 14 January 1857), sometimes Jean Louis Charles or Carl, was a German entomologist, herpetologist, and zoologist.
See Arthropod and Johann Ludwig Christian Gravenhorst
Joint
A joint or articulation (or articular surface) is the connection made between bones, ossicles, or other hard structures in the body which link an animal's skeletal system into a functional whole.
Journal of Morphology
The Journal of Morphology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of anatomy and morphology featuring primary research articles, review articles, and meeting abstracts.
See Arthropod and Journal of Morphology
Journal of Paleontology
The Journal of Paleontology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of paleontology.
See Arthropod and Journal of Paleontology
Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae.
See Arthropod and Jumping spider
Jurassic
The Jurassic is a geologic period and stratigraphic system that spanned from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period, approximately Mya.
Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold
Prof Karl (Carl) Theodor Ernst von Siebold FRS(For) HFRSE (16 February 1804 – 7 April 1885) was a German physiologist and zoologist.
See Arthropod and Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold
Kerygmachela
Kerygmachela kierkegaardi is a kerygmachelid gilled lobopodian from the Cambrian Stage 3 aged Sirius Passet Lagerstätte in northern Greenland.
See Arthropod and Kerygmachela
Kerygmachelidae
Kerygmachelidae is a family of gilled lobopodians (stem-arthropods with flapping trunk appendages and radial mouths) from the Cambrian period.
See Arthropod and Kerygmachelidae
Kidney
In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation.
Kiisortoqia
Kiisortoqia soperi is an extinct species of arthropod from the Early Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte in Greenland.
Kinorhyncha
Kinorhyncha (I move, ῥύγχος "snout") is a phylum of small marine invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos.
Krill
Krill (Euphausiids), (krill) are small and exclusively marine crustaceans of the order Euphausiacea, found in all the world's oceans.
Kylinxia
Kylinxia is a genus of extinct arthropod described in 2020.
Late Devonian extinction
The Late Devonian extinction consisted of several extinction events in the Late Devonian Epoch, which collectively represent one of the five largest mass extinction events in the history of life on Earth.
See Arthropod and Late Devonian extinction
Leanchoilia
Leanchoilia is a megacheiran arthropod known from Cambrian deposits of the Burgess Shale in Canada and the Chengjiang biota of China.
Leg
A leg is a weight-bearing and locomotive anatomical structure, usually having a columnar shape.
Lens (vertebrate anatomy)
The lens, or crystalline lens, is a transparent biconvex structure in most land vertebrate eyes.
See Arthropod and Lens (vertebrate anatomy)
Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera or lepidopterans is an order of winged insects that includes butterflies and moths.
Lethaia
Lethaia is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal of Earth science, covering research on palaeontology and stratigraphy.
Ligament
A ligament is the fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones.
Limulus amebocyte lysate
Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) is an aqueous extract of motile blood cells (amebocytes) from the Atlantic horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus.
See Arthropod and Limulus amebocyte lysate
Lithobiomorpha
The Lithobiomorpha, also known as stone centipedes, are an order of anamorphic centipedes; they reach a mature segment count of 15 trunk segments.
See Arthropod and Lithobiomorpha
Livestock
Livestock are the domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting in order to provide labour and produce diversified products for consumption such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool.
Lobopodia
Lobopodians are members of the informal group Lobopodia (from the Greek, meaning "blunt feet"), or the formally erected phylum Lobopoda Cavalier-Smith (1998).
Lobster
Lobsters are malacostracans of the family Nephropidae (synonym Homaridae).
Lophotrochozoa
Lophotrochozoa ("crest/wheel animals") is a clade of protostome animals within the Spiralia. Arthropod and Lophotrochozoa are extant Cambrian first appearances.
See Arthropod and Lophotrochozoa
Loricifera
Loricifera (from Latin, lorica, corselet (armour) + ferre, to bear) is a phylum of very small to microscopic marine cycloneuralian sediment-dwelling animals with 43 described species. Arthropod and Loricifera are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Luolishaniidae
The Luolishaniidae or Luolishaniida are a group of Cambrian and Ordovician lobopodians with anterior 5 or 6 pairs of setiferous lobopods.
See Arthropod and Luolishaniidae
Malacostraca
Malacostraca (from Neo-Latin) is the second largest of the six classes of pancrustaceans just behind hexapods, containing about 40,000 living species, divided among 16 orders. Arthropod and Malacostraca are extant Cambrian first appearances.
See Arthropod and Malacostraca
Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates.
Malpighian tubule system
The Malpighian tubule system is a type of excretory and osmoregulatory system found in some insects, myriapods, arachnids and tardigrades.
See Arthropod and Malpighian tubule system
Mandible (insect mouthpart)
Insect mandibles are a pair of appendages near the insect's mouth, and the most anterior of the three pairs of oral appendages (the labrum is more anterior, but is a single fused structure).
See Arthropod and Mandible (insect mouthpart)
Mandibulata
Mandibulata, is one of two major clades of living arthropods alongside Chelicerata.
Mantis shrimp
Mantis shrimp are carnivorous marine crustaceans of the order Stomatopoda.
See Arthropod and Mantis shrimp
Maotianshan Shales
The Maotianshan Shales are a series of Early Cambrian sedimentary deposits in the Chiungchussu Formation, famous for their Konservat Lagerstätten, deposits known for the exceptional preservation of fossilized organisms or traces.
See Arthropod and Maotianshan Shales
Marine life
Marine life, sea life, or ocean life is the plants, animals, and other organisms that live in the salt water of seas or oceans, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.
Marrella
Marrella is an extinct genus of marrellomorph arthropod known from the Middle Cambrian of North America and Asia.
Marrellomorpha
Marrellomorpha are an extinct group of arthropods known from the Cambrian to the Early Devonian.
See Arthropod and Marrellomorpha
Maya civilization
The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization that existed from antiquity to the early modern period.
See Arthropod and Maya civilization
Mazon Creek fossil beds
The Mazon Creek fossil beds are a conservation lagerstätte found near Morris, in Grundy County, Illinois.
See Arthropod and Mazon Creek fossil beds
Megacheira
Megacheira ("great hands", also historically great appendage arthropods) is an extinct class of predatory arthropods defined by their possession of spined "great appendages".
Megadictyon
Megadictyon is a genus of Cambrian lobopodian with similarities to Jianshanopodia and Siberion.
Meiosis
Meiosis ((since it is a reductional division) is a special type of cell division of germ cells in sexually-reproducing organisms that produces the gametes, the sperm or egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells, each with only one copy of each chromosome (haploid).
Meningitis
Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges.
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
In biology, metamerism is the phenomenon of having a linear series of body segments fundamentally similar in structure, though not all such structures are entirely alike in any single life form because some of them perform special functions.
See Arthropod and Metamerism (biology)
Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops including birth transformation or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation.
See Arthropod and Metamorphosis
Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America.
Microdictyon
Microdictyon is an extinct armoured worm-like panarthropod coated with net-like scleritic plates, known from the Early Cambrian Maotianshan shale of Yunnan China and other parts of the world.
See Arthropod and Microdictyon
Microelectronics
Microelectronics is a subfield of electronics.
See Arthropod and Microelectronics
Mieridduryn
Mieridduryn is a genus of extinct dinocaridid arthropod that lived during the Middle Ordovician of what is now the United Kingdom.
Millipede
Millipedes (originating from the Latin mille, "thousand", and pes, "foot") are a group of arthropods that are characterised by having two pairs of jointed legs on most body segments; they are known scientifically as the class Diplopoda, the name derived from this feature.
Millotauropus
Millotauropus is a genus of pauropods in the monotypic family Millotauropodidae in the monotypic order Hexamerocerata.
See Arthropod and Millotauropus
Minibeast
In the context of ecological literacy, arthropods and other small invertebrates are often referred to by informal names such as minibeasts, bugs, creepy crawlies (-ie and -y in the singular), or minifauna (contrasting with megafauna).
Misophrioida
Misophrioida is an order of copepods, containing the following families.
See Arthropod and Misophrioida
Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods).
Molecular phylogenetics
Molecular phylogenetics is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships.
See Arthropod and Molecular phylogenetics
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics.
See Arthropod and Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Mollusca
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals, after Arthropoda; members are known as molluscs or mollusks. Arthropod and mollusca are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Monophyly
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of taxa which meets these criteria.
Most recent common ancestor
In biology and genetic genealogy, the most recent common ancestor (MRCA), also known as the last common ancestor (LCA), of a set of organisms is the most recent individual from which all the organisms of the set are descended.
See Arthropod and Most recent common ancestor
Motor nerve
A motor nerve, or efferent nerve, is a nerve that contains exclusively efferent nerve fibers and transmits motor signals from the central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles of the body.
Moulting
In biology, moulting (British English), or molting (American English), also known as sloughing, shedding, or in many invertebrates, ecdysis, is a process by which an animal casts off parts of its body to serve some beneficial purpose, either at specific times of the year, or at specific points in its life cycle.
Multicrustacea
The clade Multicrustacea constitutes the largest superclass of crustaceans, containing approximately four-fifths of all described crustacean species, including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, prawns, woodlice, barnacles, copepods, amphipods, mantis shrimp and others.
See Arthropod and Multicrustacea
Muscle
Muscle is a soft tissue, one of the four basic types of animal tissue.
Myriapoda
Myriapods are the members of subphylum Myriapoda, containing arthropods such as millipedes and centipedes.
Myriochelata
The Myriochelata or Paradoxopoda, is a proposed grouping of arthropods comprising the Myriapoda (including millipedes and centipedes) and Chelicerata (including spiders and scorpions).
See Arthropod and Myriochelata
N-Acetylglucosamine
N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is an amide derivative of the monosaccharide glucose.
See Arthropod and N-Acetylglucosamine
Nature (journal)
Nature is a British weekly scientific journal founded and based in London, England.
See Arthropod and Nature (journal)
Nektaspida
Nektaspida (also called Naraoiida, Nektaspia and Nectaspida) is an extinct order of non-mineralised artiopodan arthropods.
Nematode
The nematodes (or; Νηματώδη; Nematoda), roundworms or eelworms constitute the phylum Nematoda.
Nematoida
Nematoida is a clade of pseudocoelomate free living or parasitic animals.
Nephridium
The nephridium (plural nephridia) is an invertebrate organ, found in pairs and performing a function similar to the vertebrate kidneys (which originated from the chordate nephridia).
Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
See Arthropod and Nervous system
New College of Florida
New College of Florida is a public liberal arts college in Sarasota, Florida.
See Arthropod and New College of Florida
Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol N and atomic number 7.
Notostraca
The order Notostraca, containing the single family Triopsidae, is a group of crustaceans known as tadpole shrimp or shield shrimp.
Ocypode ceratophthalmus
Ocypode ceratophthalmus, the horned ghost crab or horn-eyed ghost crab, is a species of ghost crab.
See Arthropod and Ocypode ceratophthalmus
Offacolus
Offacolus is an extinct genus of euchelicerate, a group of chelicerate arthropods.
Oligostraca
Oligostraca is a superclass of crustaceans.
Ommatidium
The compound eyes of arthropods like insects, crustaceans and millipedes are composed of units called ommatidia (ommatidium).
Online Etymology Dictionary
The Online Etymology Dictionary or Etymonline, sometimes abbreviated as OED (not to be confused with the Oxford English Dictionary, which the site often cites), is a free online dictionary that describes the origins of English words, written and compiled by Douglas R. Harper.
See Arthropod and Online Etymology Dictionary
Onychophora
Onychophora (from ονυχής,, "claws"; and φέρειν,, "to carry"), commonly known as velvet worms (due to their velvety texture and somewhat wormlike appearance) or more ambiguously as peripatus (after the first described genus, Peripatus), is a phylum of elongate, soft-bodied, many-legged animals.
Opabinia
Opabinia regalis is an extinct, stem group arthropod found in the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale Lagerstätte (505 million years ago) of British Columbia.
Opabiniidae
Opabiniidae is an extinct family of marine stem-arthropods.
Opiliones
The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids, colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs.
Opiliones penis
The penis of the Opiliones (harvestmen) is an intromittent organ that is not present in other arachnids.
See Arthropod and Opiliones penis
Ordovician
The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.
Organ (biology)
In a multicellular organism, an organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to serve a common function.
See Arthropod and Organ (biology)
Oribatida
Oribatida (formerly Cryptostigmata), also known as oribatid mites, moss mites or beetle mites, are an order of mites, in the "chewing Acariformes" clade Sarcoptiformes.
Ossicles
The ossicles (also called auditory ossicles) are three bones in either middle ear that are among the smallest bones in the human body.
Ostracod
Ostracods, or ostracodes, are a class of the Crustacea (class Ostracoda), sometimes known as seed shrimp.
Ovoviviparity
Ovoviviparity, ovovivipary, ovivipary, or aplacental viviparity is a term used as a "bridging" form of reproduction between egg-laying oviparous and live-bearing viviparous reproduction.
See Arthropod and Ovoviviparity
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Arthropod and Oxford University Press
Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element; it has symbol O and atomic number 8.
Palaeodictyoptera
The Palaeodictyoptera are an extinct order of medium-sized to very large, primitive Palaeozoic paleopterous insects.
See Arthropod and Palaeodictyoptera
Palaeontologia Electronica
Palaeontologia Electronica is a triannual peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal published by Coquina Press covering paleontology.
See Arthropod and Palaeontologia Electronica
Palaeontology (journal)
Palaeontology is one of the two scientific journals of the Palaeontological Association (the other being Papers in Palaeontology).
See Arthropod and Palaeontology (journal)
Pambdelurion
Pambdelurion is an extinct genus of panarthropod from the Cambrian aged Sirius Passet site in northern Greenland.
See Arthropod and Pambdelurion
Panarthropoda
Panarthropoda is a proposed animal clade containing the extant phyla Arthropoda, Tardigrada (water bears) and Onychophora (velvet worms). Arthropod and Panarthropoda are extant Cambrian first appearances.
See Arthropod and Panarthropoda
Pancrustacea
Pancrustacea is the clade that comprises all crustaceans, including hexapods (insects and relatives).
See Arthropod and Pancrustacea
Paraphyly
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages.
Parasitism
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life.
Parioscorpio
Parioscorpio is an extinct genus of arthropod containing the species P. venator known from the Silurian-aged Waukesha Biota of the Brandon Bridge Formation near Waukesha, Wisconsin.
See Arthropod and Parioscorpio
Parthenogenesis
Parthenogenesis (from the Greek παρθένος|translit.
See Arthropod and Parthenogenesis
Parvancorina
Parvancorina is a genus of shield-shaped bilaterally symmetrical fossil animal that lived in the late Ediacaran seafloor.
See Arthropod and Parvancorina
Parvibellus
Parvibellus is an extinct genus of panarthropod animal known from the Cambrian of China.
Pauropoda
Pauropoda is a class of small, pale, millipede-like arthropods in the subphylum Myriapoda.
Pentastomida
The Pentastomida are an enigmatic group of parasitic arthropods commonly known as tongue worms due to the resemblance of the species of the genus Linguatula to a vertebrate tongue; molecular studies point to them being highly-derived crustaceans. Arthropod and Pentastomida are extant Cambrian first appearances.
See Arthropod and Pentastomida
Peripatus
Peripatus is a genus of velvet worms in the Peripatidae family.
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Approximately 251.9 million years ago, the Permian–Triassic (P–T, P–Tr) extinction event (PTME; also known as the Late Permian extinction event, the Latest Permian extinction event, the End-Permian extinction event, and colloquially as the Great Dying) forms the boundary between the Permian and Triassic geologic periods, and with them the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras.
See Arthropod and Permian–Triassic extinction event
Pesticide
Pesticides are substances that are used to control pests.
Pesticide resistance
Pesticide resistance describes the decreased susceptibility of a pest population to a pesticide that was previously effective at controlling the pest.
See Arthropod and Pesticide resistance
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society.
See Arthropod and Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
Phosphatocopina
Phosphatocopina (alternatively Phosphatocopida) is an extinct group of bivalved arthropods known from the Cambrian period.
See Arthropod and Phosphatocopina
Phrenapatinae
Phrenapatinae is a subfamily of darkling beetles in the family Tenebrionidae.
See Arthropod and Phrenapatinae
Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups of organisms.
See Arthropod and Phylogenetics
Phylum
In biology, a phylum (phyla) is a level of classification or taxonomic rank below kingdom and above class.
Piaroa people
The Piaroa people, known among themselves as the Huottüja or De'aruhua, are a South American indigenous ethnic group of the middle Orinoco Basin in present-day Colombia and Venezuela, living in an area larger than Belgium, roughly circumscribed by the Suapure, Parguaza (north), the Ventuari (south-east), the Manapiare (north-east) and the right bank of the Orinoco (west).
See Arthropod and Piaroa people
Pierre André Latreille
Pierre André Latreille (29 November 1762 – 6 February 1833) was a French zoologist, specialising in arthropods.
See Arthropod and Pierre André Latreille
Pill millipede
Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha.
See Arthropod and Pill millipede
Platycryptus undatus
Platycryptus undatus, also called the tan or familiar jumping spider, is a species of jumping spider.
See Arthropod and Platycryptus undatus
Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades.
See Arthropod and Plesiomorphy and symplesiomorphy
Polarization (waves)
italics (also italics) is a property of transverse waves which specifies the geometrical orientation of the oscillations.
See Arthropod and Polarization (waves)
Pollination
Pollination is the transfer of pollen from an anther of a plant to the stigma of a plant, later enabling fertilisation and the production of seeds.
Polydesmida
Polydesmida (from the Greek poly "many" and desmos "bond") is the largest order of millipedes, with more than 5,000 species, including all the millipedes reported to produce hydrogen cyanide (HCN).
Polyphyly
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor.
Polyxenida
Polyxenida is an order of millipedes readily distinguished by a unique body plan consisting of a soft, non-calcified body ornamented with tufts of bristles.
Prawn
Prawn is a common name for small aquatic crustaceans with an exoskeleton and ten legs (members of the order of decapods), some of which are edible.
Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.
Priapulida
Priapulida (priapulid worms, from Gr. πριάπος, priāpos 'Priapus' + Lat. -ul-, diminutive), sometimes referred to as penis worms, is a phylum of unsegmented marine worms.
Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
See Arthropod and Princeton University Press
Proprioception
Proprioception is the sense of self-movement, force, and body position.
See Arthropod and Proprioception
Prosomapoda
Prosomapoda is a clade of euchelicerates including the groups Xiphosura (horseshoe crabs) and Planaterga (a group comprising bunodids, pseudoniscids, chasmataspidids, eurypterids and arachnids), as well as several basal synziphosurid genera.
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Protostome
Protostomia is the clade of animals once thought to be characterized by the formation of the organism's mouth before its anus during embryonic development.
Protura
The Protura, or proturans, and sometimes nicknamed coneheads, are very small (0.6–1.5mm long), soil-dwelling animals, so inconspicuous they were not noticed until the 20th century.
Pterygota
The Pterygota (winged) are a subclass of insects that includes all winged insects and the orders that are secondarily wingless (that is, insect groups whose ancestors once had wings but that have lost them as a result of subsequent evolution).
Radiodonta
Radiodonta is an extinct order of stem-group arthropods that was successful worldwide during the Cambrian period.
Remipedia
Remipedia is a class of blind crustaceans, closely related to hexapods, found in coastal aquifers which contain saline groundwater, with populations identified in almost every ocean basin so far explored, including in Australia, the Caribbean Sea, and the Atlantic Ocean.
Respiratory pigment
A respiratory pigment is a metalloprotein that serves a variety of important functions, its main being O2 transport.
See Arthropod and Respiratory pigment
Respiratory system
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
See Arthropod and Respiratory system
Rhyniella
Rhyniella is a genus of fossil springtails (Collembola) from the Rhynie chert, which formed during the Pragian stage of the Early Devonian.
Rhyniognatha
Rhyniognatha is an extinct genus of arthropod of disputed placement.
See Arthropod and Rhyniognatha
Robot
A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer—capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.
Royal Society of South Australia
The Royal Society of South Australia (RSSA) is a learned society whose interest is in science, particularly, but not only, of South Australia.
See Arthropod and Royal Society of South Australia
Santa Barbara, California
Santa Barbara (Santa Bárbara, meaning) is a coastal city in Santa Barbara County, California, of which it is also the county seat.
See Arthropod and Santa Barbara, California
Sarotrocercus
Sarotrocercus is a small Cambrian arthropod known from Burgess shale, reaching a centimetre or two in length.
See Arthropod and Sarotrocercus
Saturnia pavonia
Saturnia pavonia, the small emperor moth, is a moth of the family Saturniidae.
See Arthropod and Saturnia pavonia
Scalidophora
Scalidophora is a group of marine pseudocoelomate ecdysozoans that was proposed on morphological grounds to unite three phyla: the Kinorhyncha, the Priapulida and the Loricifera.
See Arthropod and Scalidophora
Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
See Arthropod and Science (journal)
Sclerite
A sclerite (Greek σκληρός, sklēros, meaning "hard") is a hardened body part.
Scolopendromorpha
Scolopendromorpha is an order of centipedes also known as tropical centipedes or bark centipedes. This order includes about 700 species in five families.
See Arthropod and Scolopendromorpha
Scorpion
Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the order Scorpiones.
Scutigeromorpha
Scutigeromorpha is an order of centipedes also known as house centipedes.
See Arthropod and Scutigeromorpha
Sea spider
Sea spiders are marine arthropods of the order Pantopoda (‘all feet’), belonging to the class Pycnogonida, hence they are also called pycnogonids (named after Pycnogonum, the type genus; with the suffix). They are cosmopolitan, found in oceans around the world. Arthropod and Sea spider are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Sediment
Sediment is a naturally occurring material that is broken down by processes of weathering and erosion, and is subsequently transported by the action of wind, water, or ice or by the force of gravity acting on the particles.
Segmental ganglia
The segmental ganglia (singular: s. ganglion) are ganglia of the annelid and arthropod central nervous system that lie in the segmented ventral nerve cord.
See Arthropod and Segmental ganglia
Segmentation (biology)
Segmentation in biology is the division of some animal and plant body plans into a linear series of repetitive segments that may or may not be interconnected to each other.
See Arthropod and Segmentation (biology)
Sense of smell
The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived.
See Arthropod and Sense of smell
Sensory nerve
A sensory nerve, or afferent nerve, is an anatomic term for a nerve that contains exclusively afferent nerve fibers.
See Arthropod and Sensory nerve
Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of".
Seta
In biology, setae (seta; from the Latin word for "bristle") are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms.
Sex
Sex is the biological trait that determines whether a sexually reproducing organism produces male or female gametes.
Sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves a complex life cycle in which a gamete (haploid reproductive cells, such as a sperm or egg cell) with a single set of chromosomes combines with another gamete to produce a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes (diploid).
See Arthropod and Sexual reproduction
Shellac
Shellac is a resin secreted by the female lac bug on trees in the forests of India and Thailand.
Shrimp
A shrimp (shrimp (US) or shrimps (UK) is a crustacean (a form of shellfish) with an elongated body and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – typically belonging to the Caridea or Dendrobranchiata of the order Decapoda, although some crustaceans outside of this order are also referred to as "shrimp".
Siberion
Siberion is an extinct genus of lobopodian from the Sinsk biota of Russia.
Sidnie Manton
Sidnie Milana Manton (4 May 1902 – 2 January 1979) was an influential British zoologist.
See Arthropod and Sidnie Manton
Silurian
The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya.
Silverfish
The silverfish (Lepisma saccharinum) is a species of small, primitive, wingless insect in the order Zygentoma (formerly Thysanura).
Simple eye in invertebrates
A simple eye or ocellus (sometimes called a pigment pit) is a form of eye or an optical arrangement which has a single lens without the sort of elaborate retina that occurs in most vertebrates.
See Arthropod and Simple eye in invertebrates
Siphonostomatoida
Siphonostomatoida is an order of copepods, containing around 75% of all the copepods that parasitise fishes.
See Arthropod and Siphonostomatoida
Solifugae
Solifugae is an order of animals in the class Arachnida known variously as camel spiders, wind scorpions, sun spiders, or solifuges.
Somite
The somites (outdated term: primitive segments) are a set of bilaterally paired blocks of paraxial mesoderm that form in the embryonic stage of somitogenesis, along the head-to-tail axis in segmented animals.
Spain
Spain, formally the Kingdom of Spain, is a country located in Southwestern Europe, with parts of its territory in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Africa.
Species description
A species description is a formal scientific description of a newly encountered species, typically articulated through a scientific publication.
See Arthropod and Species description
Sperm
Sperm (sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one).
Spermatophore
A spermatophore or sperm ampulla is a capsule or mass containing spermatozoa created by males of various animal species, especially salamanders and arthropods, and transferred in entirety to the female's ovipore during reproduction.
See Arthropod and Spermatophore
Spider
Spiders (order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight limbs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk.
Spinneret
A spinneret is a silk-spinning organ of a spider or the larva of an insect.
Spiralia
The Spiralia are a morphologically diverse clade of protostome animals, including within their number the molluscs, annelids, platyhelminths and other taxa.
Spirostreptida
Spirostreptida is an order of long, cylindrical millipedes.
See Arthropod and Spirostreptida
Spriggina
Spriggina is a genus of early animals whose relationship to living animals is unclear.
Springtail
Springtails (Collembola) form the largest of the three lineages of modern hexapods that are no longer considered insects (the other two are the Protura and Diplura).
Statocyst
The statocyst is a balance sensory receptor present in some aquatic invertebrates, including bivalves, cnidarians, ctenophorans, echinoderms, cephalopods, crustaceans, and gastropods, A similar structure is also found in Xenoturbella.
Strabopidae
Strabopidae is the only family of the order Strabopida, an extinct group of arthropods known from the Cambrian period.
Subgroup
In group theory, a branch of mathematics, given a group under a binary operation ∗, a subset of is called a subgroup of if also forms a group under the operation ∗.
Suboesophageal ganglion
The suboesophageal ganglion (acronym: SOG; synonym: subesophageal ganglion) of arthropods and in particular insects is part of the arthropod central nervous system (CNS).
See Arthropod and Suboesophageal ganglion
Subphylum
In zoological nomenclature, a subphylum is a taxonomic rank below the rank of phylum.
Supraesophageal ganglion
The supraesophageal ganglion (also "supraoesophageal ganglion", "arthropod brain" or "microbrain") is the first part of the arthropod, especially insect, central nervous system.
See Arthropod and Supraesophageal ganglion
Swiss Army knife
The Swiss Army knife (SAK; Schweizer Taschenmesser, Sackmesser, Hegel, etc.) is a pocketknife, generally multi-tooled, now manufactured by Victorinox.
See Arthropod and Swiss Army knife
Symphyla
Symphylans, also known as garden centipedes or pseudocentipedes, are soil-dwelling arthropods of the class Symphyla in the subphylum Myriapoda.
Synziphosurina
Synziphosurina is a paraphyletic group of chelicerate arthropods previously thought to be basal horseshoe crabs (Xiphosura).
See Arthropod and Synziphosurina
Systematic Parasitology
Systematic Parasitology is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of the taxonomy and systematics of parasites.
See Arthropod and Systematic Parasitology
Tactopoda
Tactopoda or Arthropodoidea is a proposed clade of ecdysozoan animals that includes the phyla Tardigrada and Euarthropoda, supported by various morphological observations.
Tagma (biology)
In biology, a tagma (Greek: τάγμα,: tagmata – τάγματα - body of soldiers; battalion) is a specialized grouping of multiple segments or metameres into a coherently functional morphological unit.
See Arthropod and Tagma (biology)
Tantulocarida
Tantulocarida is a highly specialised group of parasitic crustaceans that consists of about 33 species, treated as a class in superclass Multicrustacea.
See Arthropod and Tantulocarida
Tarantula
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae.
Tardigrade
Tardigrades, known colloquially as water bears or moss piglets, are a phylum of eight-legged segmented micro-animals. Arthropod and Tardigrade are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Taste
The gustatory system or sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor).
Taxonomy
Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization.
Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.
See Arthropod and Taylor & Francis
Te Papa
The Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa is New Zealand's national museum and is located in Wellington.
Telson
The telson is the hindmost division of the body of an arthropod.
Termite
Termites are a group of detritophagous eusocial insects which consume a wide variety of decaying plant material, generally in the form of wood, leaf litter, and soil humus.
Terrestrial animal
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land (e.g. cats, chickens, ants, spiders), as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water (e.g. fish, lobsters, octopuses), and semiaquatic animals, which rely on both aquatic and terrestrial habitats (e.g.
See Arthropod and Terrestrial animal
Tetramerocerata
Tetramerocerata is an order of pauropods containing 11 families and more than 900 species.
See Arthropod and Tetramerocerata
The Journal of Experimental Biology
Journal of Experimental Biology (formerly The British Journal of Experimental Biology) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of comparative physiology and integrative biology.
See Arthropod and The Journal of Experimental Biology
The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings.
See Arthropod and The Sunday Telegraph
Thecostraca
Thecostraca is a class of marine invertebrates containing over 2,200 described species.
Thenus
Thenus orientalis is a species of slipper lobster from the Indian and Pacific oceans.
Thorax
The thorax (thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.
Thorax (arthropod anatomy)
The thorax is the midsection (tagma) of the hexapod body (insects and entognathans).
See Arthropod and Thorax (arthropod anatomy)
Thylacocephala
The Thylacocephala (from the Greek θύλακος or thylakos, meaning "pouch", and κεφαλή or cephalon meaning "head") are group of extinct probable mandibulate arthropods, that have been considered by some researchers as having possible crustacean affinities.
See Arthropod and Thylacocephala
Tick
Ticks are parasitic arachnids of the order Ixodida.
Tick paralysis
Tick paralysis is a type of paralysis caused by specific types of attached ticks.
See Arthropod and Tick paralysis
Trachea
The trachea (tracheae or tracheas), also known as the windpipe, is a cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all animals with lungs.
Transitional fossil
A transitional fossil is any fossilized remains of a life form that exhibits traits common to both an ancestral group and its derived descendant group.
See Arthropod and Transitional fossil
Trigonotarbida
The order Trigonotarbida is a group of extinct arachnids whose fossil record extends from the late Silurian to the early Permian (Pridoli to Sakmarian).
See Arthropod and Trigonotarbida
Trilobite
Trilobites (meaning "three lobes") are extinct marine arthropods that form the class Trilobita. Arthropod and Trilobite are arthropods.
Trimerus
Trimerus is an extinct genus of trilobite in the family Homalonotidae.
Trombicula
Trombicula, known as chiggers, red bugs, scrub-itch mites, or berry bugs, are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) in the Trombiculidae family.
Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths of 10–400 nanometers, shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays.
Uniramia
Uniramia (uni – one, ramus – branch, i.e. single-branches) is a group within the arthropods.
United States Department of Agriculture
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is an executive department of the United States federal government that aims to meet the needs of commercial farming and livestock food production, promotes agricultural trade and production, works to assure food safety, protects natural resources, fosters rural communities and works to end hunger in the United States and internationally.
See Arthropod and United States Department of Agriculture
United States Environmental Protection Agency
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent agency of the United States government tasked with environmental protection matters.
See Arthropod and United States Environmental Protection Agency
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California.
See Arthropod and University of California, Berkeley
University of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge is a public collegiate research university in Cambridge, England.
See Arthropod and University of Cambridge
University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.
See Arthropod and University of Chicago Press
University of Florida
The University of Florida (Florida or UF) is a public land-grant research university in Gainesville, Florida.
See Arthropod and University of Florida
University of South Florida
The University of South Florida (USF) is a public research university with its main campus located in Tampa, Florida, and other campuses in St. Petersburg and Sarasota.
See Arthropod and University of South Florida
University of the Witwatersrand
The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, commonly known as Wits University or Wits, is a multi-campus public research university situated in the northern areas of central Johannesburg, South Africa.
See Arthropod and University of the Witwatersrand
Uric acid
Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C5H4N4O3.
Urine
Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.
Varroa destructor
Varroa destructor, the Varroa mite, is an external parasitic mite that attacks and feeds on honey bees and is one of the most damaging honey bee pests in the world.
See Arthropod and Varroa destructor
Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea.
Venom
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action.
Ventral nerve cord
The ventral nerve cord is a major structure of the invertebrate central nervous system.
See Arthropod and Ventral nerve cord
Vertebrate
Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. Arthropod and Vertebrate are extant Cambrian first appearances.
Viviparity
In animals, viviparity is development of the embryo inside the body of the mother, with the maternal circulation providing for the metabolic needs of the embryo's development, until the mother gives birth to a fully or partially developed juvenile that is at least metabolically independent.
Waeringoscorpio
Waeringoscorpio is a fossil genus of scorpions in the family Proscorpiidae.
See Arthropod and Waeringoscorpio
Wax
Waxes are a diverse class of organic compounds that are lipophilic, malleable solids near ambient temperatures.
Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.
See Arthropod and Wiley-Blackwell
Wingertshellicus
Wingertshellicus is an extinct genus of arthropod that has been found in Hunsrück Slate, that is located in the Rhenish Massif in Germany, and lived about 405 million years ago, during the Lower Emsian (part of the Lower Devonian).
See Arthropod and Wingertshellicus
Winneshiekia
Winneshiekia is an extinct genus of dekatriatan, a clade of chelicerate arthropods.
See Arthropod and Winneshiekia
Woodlouse
Woodlice are terrestrial isopods in the suborder Oniscidea.
Woodworking
Woodworking is the skill of making items from wood, and includes cabinetry, furniture making, wood carving, joinery, carpentry, and woodturning.
Wujicaris
Wujicaris muelleri is an Early Cambrian crustacean, from the Maotianshan Shales of China.
Xiphosura
Xiphosura (in reference to its sword-like telson) is an order of arthropods related to arachnids.
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration.
See Arthropod and Yellow fever
Yicaris
Yicaris dianensis is a species of microscopic pancrustacean found in the Yu’anshan Formation, Yunnan Province, China.
Zhenghecaris
Zhenghecaris shankouensis is an enigmatic arthropod from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan Shales, either classified as a hurdiid or thylacocephalan. Arthropod and Zhenghecaris are arthropods.
See Arthropod and Zhenghecaris
See also
Arthropods
- Arthropod
- Arthropodology
- Colladonus clitellarius
- Evolution of arthropods
- Ichthyostraca
- List of diseases spread by arthropods
- Morlockia
- Trilobite
- Zhenghecaris
- Zygopauropus
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropod
Also known as Arthopods, Arthropod venom, Arthropod venoms, Arthropoda, Arthropoda., Arthropodae, Arthropods, Arthropods as food, Euarthropod, Euarthropoda, Euarthropods, Evolution of arthropods, Evolutionary history of arthropods, Excretory systems of arthropods, Gnathopoda, Internal organs of arthropods, Microarthropod, Microarthropods, Nervous systems of arthropods, Phylum arthropoda, Reproductive organs of arthropods, Reproductive system of arthropods, Reproductive systems of arthropods, Sex organs of arthropods.
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