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Astrolabe, the Glossary

An astrolabe (ἀστρολάβος,; ٱلأَسْطُرلاب; ستاره‌یاب) is an astronomical instrument dating to ancient times.^[1]

154 relations: A Treatise on the Astrolabe, Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, Age of Discovery, Al-Battani, Al-Biruni, Al-Khwarizmi, Al-Nayrizi, Aleppo, Alfonso X of Castile, Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Qummi, Alidade, Almucantar, Analog computer, Aphrodite, Apollonius of Perga, Arabic, Ares, Armillary sphere, Astrology in the medieval Islamic world, Astronomical clock, Astronomical coordinate systems, Astronomical object, Astronomy, Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world, Azimuth, Batch production, Bisection, Byzantine Empire, Calendar, Celestial sphere, Christian of Prachatice, Chronos, Circle, Circle of latitude, Classical antiquity, Clime, Creative Commons license, Declination, Degree (angle), Dioptra, Division of labour, Earth's orbit, Earth's rotation, Ecliptic, Enoch, Equator, Equatorium, Equinox, Florence, Floruit, ... Expand index (104 more) »
Ancient Greek astronomy
Ancient Greek technology
Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world
Greek inventions
Inclinometers
Marine navigation
Scientific equipment
Technology in the medieval Islamic world

A Treatise on the Astrolabe

A Treatise on the Astrolabe is a medieval instruction manual on the astrolabe by Geoffrey Chaucer.

See Astrolabe and A Treatise on the Astrolabe

Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ṣūfī (عبدالرحمن الصوفی; 7 December 90325 May 986) was a Persian Muslim astronomer.

See Astrolabe and Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi

Age of Discovery

The Age of Discovery, also known as the Age of Exploration, was part of the early modern period and largely overlapping with the Age of Sail.

See Astrolabe and Age of Discovery

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn Sinān al-Raqqī al-Ḥarrānī aṣ-Ṣābiʾ al-Battānī (محمد بن جابر بن سنان البتاني), usually called al-Battānī, a name that was in the past Latinized as Albategnius, (before 858929) was an astronomer, astrologer and mathematician, who lived and worked for most of his life at Raqqa, now in Syria.

See Astrolabe and Al-Battani

Al-Biruni

Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (ابوریحان بیرونی; أبو الريحان البيروني; 973after 1050), known as al-Biruni, was a Khwarazmian Iranian scholar and polymath during the Islamic Golden Age.

See Astrolabe and Al-Biruni

Al-Khwarizmi

Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (محمد بن موسى خوارزمی), often referred to as simply al-Khwarizmi, was a polymath who produced vastly influential Arabic-language works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography.

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Al-Nayrizi

Abū’l-‘Abbās al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al-Nairīzī (أبو العباس الفضل بن حاتمالنيريزي; ابوالعباس فضل بن حاتمنیریزی; Anaritius, Nazirius) was a Persian mathematician and astronomer from Nayriz, now in Fars Province, Iran.

See Astrolabe and Al-Nayrizi

Aleppo

Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.

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Alfonso X of Castile

Alfonso X (also known as the Wise, el Sabio; 23 November 1221 – 4 April 1284) was King of Castile, León and Galicia from 1 June 1252 until his death in 1284.

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Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Qummi

Abu al-Hasan Ali Ibn Ibrāhim al-Qummi (Persian: علی بن ابراهیمقمی؛ Arabic: علي بن إبراهيمالقمي) was a 10th century Shi'a commentator and jurist of Persian origin.

See Astrolabe and Ali ibn Ibrahim al-Qummi

Alidade

An alidade (archaic forms include alhidade, alhidad, alidad) or a turning board is a device that allows one to sight a distant object and use the line of sight to perform a task. Astrolabe and alidade are astronomical instruments, historical scientific instruments, inclinometers and Navigational equipment.

See Astrolabe and Alidade

Almucantar

An almucantar (also spelled almucantarat or almacantara) is a circle on the celestial sphere parallel to the horizon. Astrolabe and almucantar are astronomical instruments, historical scientific instruments and Navigational equipment.

See Astrolabe and Almucantar

Analog computer

An analog computer or analogue computer is a type of computation machine (computer) that uses the continuous variation aspect of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities (analog signals) to model the problem being solved. Astrolabe and analog computer are analog computers and Greek inventions.

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Aphrodite

Aphrodite is an ancient Greek goddess associated with love, lust, beauty, pleasure, passion, procreation, and as her syncretized Roman goddess counterpart Venus, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory.

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Apollonius of Perga

Apollonius of Perga (Ἀπολλώνιος ὁ Περγαῖος) was an ancient Greek geometer and astronomer known for his work on conic sections.

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Arabic

Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.

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Ares

Ares (Ἄρης, Árēs) is the Greek god of war and courage.

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Armillary sphere

An armillary sphere (variations are known as spherical astrolabe, armilla, or armil) is a model of objects in the sky (on the celestial sphere), consisting of a spherical framework of rings, centered on Earth or the Sun, that represent lines of celestial longitude and latitude and other astronomically important features, such as the ecliptic. Astrolabe and armillary sphere are ancient Greek astronomy, astronomical instruments, Greek inventions and historical scientific instruments.

See Astrolabe and Armillary sphere

Astrology in the medieval Islamic world

Some medieval Muslims took a keen interest in the study of astrology, partly because they considered the celestial bodies to be essential, partly because the dwellers of desert-regions often travelled at night, and relied upon knowledge of the constellations for guidance in their journeys.

See Astrolabe and Astrology in the medieval Islamic world

Astronomical clock

An astronomical clock, horologium, or orloj is a clock with special mechanisms and dials to display astronomical information, such as the relative positions of the Sun, Moon, zodiacal constellations, and sometimes major planets. Astrolabe and astronomical clock are ancient Greek astronomy, astronomical instruments, Greek inventions and historical scientific instruments.

See Astrolabe and Astronomical clock

Astronomical coordinate systems

In astronomy, coordinate systems are used for specifying positions of celestial objects (satellites, planets, stars, galaxies, etc.) relative to a given reference frame, based on physical reference points available to a situated observer (e.g. the true horizon and north to an observer on Earth's surface).

See Astrolabe and Astronomical coordinate systems

Astronomical object

An astronomical object, celestial object, stellar object or heavenly body is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists within the observable universe.

See Astrolabe and Astronomical object

Astronomy

Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos.

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Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world

Medieval Islamic astronomy comprises the astronomical developments made in the Islamic world, particularly during the Islamic Golden Age (9th–13th centuries), and mostly written in the Arabic language.

See Astrolabe and Astronomy in the medieval Islamic world

Azimuth

An azimuth (from the directions) is the horizontal angle from a cardinal direction, most commonly north, in a local or observer-centric spherical coordinate system.

See Astrolabe and Azimuth

Batch production

Batch production is a method of manufacturing where the products are made as specified groups or amounts, within a time frame.

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Bisection

In geometry, bisection is the division of something into two equal or congruent parts (having the same shape and size).

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

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Calendar

A calendar is a system of organizing days.

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Celestial sphere

In astronomy and navigation, the celestial sphere is an abstract sphere that has an arbitrarily large radius and is concentric to Earth.

See Astrolabe and Celestial sphere

Christian of Prachatice

Christian of Prachatice (Křišťan z Prachatic) (1360–1368, Prachatice, Kingdom of Bohemia – 4 September 1439, Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia) was a medieval Bohemian astronomer, mathematician and former Catholic priest who converted to the Hussite movement.

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Chronos

Chronos (Χρόνος,, "time"), also spelled Khronos or Chronus, is a personification of time in pre-Socratic philosophy and later literature.

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Circle

A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre.

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Circle of latitude

A circle of latitude or line of latitude on Earth is an abstract east–west small circle connecting all locations around Earth (ignoring elevation) at a given latitude coordinate line.

See Astrolabe and Circle of latitude

Classical antiquity

Classical antiquity, also known as the classical era, classical period, classical age, or simply antiquity, is the period of cultural European history between the 8th century BC and the 5th century AD comprising the interwoven civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome known together as the Greco-Roman world, centered on the Mediterranean Basin.

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Clime

The climes (singular clime; also clima, plural climata, from Greek κλίμα klima, plural κλίματα klimata, meaning "inclination" or "slope") in classical Greco-Roman geography and astronomy were the divisions of the inhabited portion of the spherical Earth by geographic latitude.

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Creative Commons license

A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted "work".

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Declination

In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle.

See Astrolabe and Declination

Degree (angle)

A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually denoted by ° (the degree symbol), is a measurement of a plane angle in which one full rotation is 360 degrees.

See Astrolabe and Degree (angle)

Dioptra

A dioptra (sometimes also named dioptre or diopter, from διόπτρα) is a classical astronomical and surveying instrument, dating from the 3rd century BC. Astrolabe and dioptra are ancient Greek astronomy, Astrometry, astronomical instruments and historical scientific instruments.

See Astrolabe and Dioptra

Division of labour

The division of labour is the separation of the tasks in any economic system or organisation so that participants may specialise (specialisation).

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Earth's orbit

Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.60 million km (8.317 light minutes, 92.96 million mi) in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above the Northern Hemisphere.

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Earth's rotation

Earth's rotation or Earth's spin is the rotation of planet Earth around its own axis, as well as changes in the orientation of the rotation axis in space.

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Ecliptic

The ecliptic or ecliptic plane is the orbital plane of Earth around the Sun.

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Enoch

Enoch is a biblical figure and patriarch prior to Noah's flood, and the son of Jared and father of Methuselah.

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Equator

The equator is a circle of latitude that divides a spheroid, such as Earth, into the Northern and Southern hemispheres.

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Equatorium

An equatorium (plural, equatoria) is an astronomical calculating instrument. Astrolabe and equatorium are analog computers, astronomical instruments, historical scientific instruments and mechanical calculators.

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Equinox

A solar equinox is a moment in time when the Sun crosses the Earth's equator, which is to say, appears directly above the equator, rather than north or south of the equator.

See Astrolabe and Equinox

Florence

Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.

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Floruit

Floruit (abbreviated fl. or occasionally flor.; from Latin for "flourished") denotes a date or period during which a person was known to have been alive or active.

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Folk etymology

Folk etymology – also known as (generative) popular etymology, analogical reformation, (morphological) reanalysis and etymological reinterpretation – is a change in a word or phrase resulting from the replacement of an unfamiliar form by a more familiar one through popular usage.

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Frankfurt

Frankfurt am Main ("Frank ford on the Main") is the most populous city in the German state of Hesse.

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Geoffrey Chaucer

Geoffrey Chaucer (– 25 October 1400) was an English poet, author, and civil servant best known for The Canterbury Tales.

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Geographic coordinate system

A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude.

See Astrolabe and Geographic coordinate system

Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world

Medieval Islamic geography and cartography refer to the study of geography and cartography in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age (variously dated between the 8th century and 16th century).

See Astrolabe and Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world

Georg Hartmann

Georg Hartmann (sometimes spelled Hartman; February 9, 1489 – April 9, 1564) was a German engineer, instrument maker, author, printer, humanist, priest, and astronomer.

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Greek language

Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

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Hamburg Planetarium

Hamburg Planetarium is one of the world's oldest, and one of Europe's most visited planetariums.

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Hamza al-Isfahani

Ḥamza ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Mū'addib al-Iṣbahānī Abū ‘Abd Allāh (حمزة بن الحسن المُؤَدِّب الأصفهاني ابو عبد الله; – after 961), commonly known as Ḥamza al-Iṣfahānī or Hamza Esfahani (حمزه اصفهانی), was a Persian philologist and historian, who wrote in Arabic during the 'Abbasid and Buyid eras.

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Helios

In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Helios (Ἥλιος ||Sun; Homeric Greek: Ἠέλιος) is the god who personifies the Sun.

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Hellenistic period

In classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC, which was followed by the ascendancy of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the Roman conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year, which eliminated the last major Hellenistic kingdom.

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Hermann of Reichenau

Blessed Hermann of Reichenau or Herman the Cripple (18 July 1013– 24 September 1054), also known by other names, was an 11th-century Benedictine monk and scholar.

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Hermes

Hermes (Ἑρμῆς) is an Olympian deity in ancient Greek religion and mythology considered the herald of the gods.

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Hipparchus

Hipparchus (Ἵππαρχος, Hipparkhos; BC) was a Greek astronomer, geographer, and mathematician.

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Horizon

The horizon is the apparent curve that separates the surface of a celestial body from its sky when viewed from the perspective of an observer on or near the surface of the relevant body.

See Astrolabe and Horizon

Horizontal coordinate system

The horizontal coordinate system is a celestial coordinate system that uses the observer's local horizon as the fundamental plane to define two angles of a spherical coordinate system: altitude and azimuth.

See Astrolabe and Horizontal coordinate system

Hour

An hour (symbol: h; also abbreviated hr) is a unit of time historically reckoned as of a day and defined contemporarily as exactly 3,600 seconds (SI).

See Astrolabe and Hour

Hypatia

Hypatia (born 350–370; died 415 AD) was a Neoplatonist philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who lived in Alexandria, Egypt, then part of the Eastern Roman Empire.

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Ibn as-Saffar

Abu al‐Qasim Ahmad ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar al‐Ghafiqī ibn as-Saffar al‐Andalusi (born in Cordoba, died in the year 1035 at Denia), also known as Ibn as-Saffar (literally: son of the brass worker), was a Spanish-Arab astronomer in Al-Andalus.

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Idris (prophet)

Idris (ʾIdrīs) is an ancient prophet mentioned in the Qur'an, who Muslims believe was the third prophet after Seth.

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Ieremias Palladas

Ieremias Palladas (Ιερεμίας Παλλαδάς, 1580-1592 – 1659), also known as Pouladas (Πουλαδάς) Ieremia Pallada.

See Astrolabe and Ieremias Palladas

Inclinometer

An inclinometer or clinometer is an instrument used for measuring angles of slope, elevation, or depression of an object with respect to gravity's direction. Astrolabe and inclinometer are inclinometers.

See Astrolabe and Inclinometer

Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.

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Isfahan

Isfahan or Esfahan (اصفهان) is a major city in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan province, Iran.

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Islamic calendar

The Hijri calendar (translit), or Arabic calendar also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days.

See Astrolabe and Islamic calendar

Islamic Golden Age

The Islamic Golden Age was a period of scientific, economic and cultural flourishing in the history of Islam, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century.

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Jainism

Jainism, also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion.

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Jean Fusoris

Jean Fusoris (c. 1355/1365 – 1436) was a medieval French clergyman and astronomer who designed astrolabes and other astronomical instruments made of brass.

See Astrolabe and Jean Fusoris

Johannes Stöffler

Johannes Stöffler (also Stöfler, Stoffler, Stoeffler; 10 December 1452 – 16 February 1531) was a German mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, priest, maker of astronomical instruments and professor at the University of Tübingen.

See Astrolabe and Johannes Stöffler

John Philoponus

John Philoponus (Greek:; Ἰωάννης ὁ Φιλόπονος; c. 490 – c. 570), also known as John the Grammarian or John of Alexandria, was a Byzantine Greek philologist, Aristotelian commentator, Christian theologian and an author of a considerable number of philosophical treatises and theological works.

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Latitude

In geography, latitude is a coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body.

See Astrolabe and Latitude

Lexico

Lexico was a dictionary website that provided a collection of English and Spanish dictionaries produced by Oxford University Press (OUP), the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Libros del saber de astronomía

The Libros del saber de astronomía (Libro del saber de astrología), literally "book of the wisdom of astronomy ", is a series of books of the medieval period, composed during the reign of Alfonso X of Castile.

See Astrolabe and Libros del saber de astronomía

List of astronomical instruments

Astronomical instruments include. Astrolabe and List of astronomical instruments are astronomical instruments and historical scientific instruments.

See Astrolabe and List of astronomical instruments

List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world

The following is a list of inventions, discoveries and scientific advancements made in the medieval Islamic world, especially during the Islamic Golden Age,George Saliba (1994), A History of Arabic Astronomy: Planetary Theories During the Golden Age of Islam, pp. Astrolabe and list of inventions in the medieval Islamic world are Technology in the medieval Islamic world.

See Astrolabe and List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world

Local time

Local time is the time observed in a specific locality.

See Astrolabe and Local time

Louvre

The Louvre, or the Louvre Museum, is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world.

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Ludwig Oechslin

Ludwig Oechslin (born February 10, 1952) is a Swiss watchmaker, designer and inventor.

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Lunar calendar

A lunar calendar is a calendar based on the monthly cycles of the Moon's phases (synodic months, lunations), in contrast to solar calendars, whose annual cycles are based on the solar year.

See Astrolabe and Lunar calendar

Mahendra Sūri

Mahendra Sūri (c. 1340 – 1400) is the 14th century Jain astronomer who wrote the Yantraraja, the first Indian treatise on the astrolabe.

See Astrolabe and Mahendra Sūri

Mariner's astrolabe

The mariner's astrolabe, also called sea astrolabe, was an inclinometer used to determine the latitude of a ship at sea by measuring the sun's noon altitude (declination) or the meridian altitude of a star of known declination. Astrolabe and mariner's astrolabe are astronomical instruments, historical scientific instruments, inclinometers and Navigational equipment.

See Astrolabe and Mariner's astrolabe

Mashallah ibn Athari

Māshāʾallāh ibn Atharī (ما شاء الله إبن أثري), known as Mashallah, was an 8th century Persian Jewish astrologer, astronomer, and mathematician.

See Astrolabe and Mashallah ibn Athari

Mathematical instrument

A mathematical instrument is a tool or device used in the study or practice of mathematics.

See Astrolabe and Mathematical instrument

Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world

Mathematics during the Golden Age of Islam, especially during the 9th and 10th centuries, was built upon syntheses of Greek mathematics (Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius) and Indian mathematics (Aryabhata, Brahmagupta).

See Astrolabe and Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world

Mecca

Mecca (officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam.

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Meridian (astronomy)

In astronomy, the meridian is the great circle passing through the celestial poles, as well as the zenith and nadir of an observer's location.

See Astrolabe and Meridian (astronomy)

Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.

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Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī

Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Habib ibn Sulayman ibn Samra ibn Jundab al-Fazari (died 796 or 806) was an Arab philosopher, mathematician and astronomer.

See Astrolabe and Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī

Nadir

The nadir is the direction pointing directly below a particular location; that is, it is one of two vertical directions at a specified location, orthogonal to a horizontal flat surface.

See Astrolabe and Nadir

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Tusi (1201 – 1274), also known as Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (نصیر الدین الطوسی; نصیر الدین طوسی) or simply as (al-)Tusi, was a Persian polymath, architect, philosopher, physician, scientist, and theologian.

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Oxford English Dictionary

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP), a University of Oxford publishing house.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt

Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt (Latin), Pierre Pelerin de Maricourt (French), or Peter Peregrinus of Maricourt (fl. 1269), was a French mathematician, physicist, and writer who conducted experiments on magnetism and wrote the first extant treatise describing the properties of magnets.

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Philippe Danfrie

Philippe Danfrie the elder (about 1532 – 1606) was a designer and maker of mathematical instruments in metal and paper, as well as a type-cutter, engraver, minter of coins and medals, publisher and author.

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Planetarium

A planetarium (planetariums or planetaria) is a theatre built primarily for presenting educational and entertaining shows about astronomy and the night sky, or for training in celestial navigation.

See Astrolabe and Planetarium

Planisphere

In astronomy, a planisphere is a star chart analog computing instrument in the form of two adjustable disks that rotate on a common pivot. Astrolabe and planisphere are analog computers, astronomical instruments and Navigational equipment.

See Astrolabe and Planisphere

Plato Tiburtinus

Plato Tiburtinus (Plato Tiburtinus, "Plato of Tivoli"; fl. 12th century) was a 12th-century Italian mathematician, astronomer and translator who lived in Barcelona from 1116 to 1138.

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Pointer (rod)

A pointer or pointing stick is a solid rod used to point manually, in the form of a stick, but always finished off or artificially produced.

See Astrolabe and Pointer (rod)

Polaris

Polaris is a star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Minor.

See Astrolabe and Polaris

Pope Sylvester II

Pope Sylvester II (Silvester II; – 12 May 1003), originally known as Gerbert of Aurillac, was a scholar and teacher who served as the bishop of Rome and ruled the Papal States from 999 to his death.

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Prague astronomical clock

The Prague astronomical clock or Prague Orloj is a medieval astronomical clock attached to the Old Town Hall in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic.

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Prince Henry the Navigator

Dom Henrique of Portugal, Duke of Viseu (4 March 1394 – 13 November 1460), better known as Prince Henry the Navigator (Infante Dom Henrique, o Navegador), was a central figure in the early days of the Portuguese Empire and in the 15th-century European maritime discoveries and maritime expansion.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Projection plane

A projection plane, or plane of projection, is a type of view in which graphical projections from an object intersect.

See Astrolabe and Projection plane

Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος,; Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was an Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were important to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science.

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Qibla

The qibla (lit) is the direction towards the Kaaba in the Sacred Mosque in Mecca, which is used by Muslims in various religious contexts, particularly the direction of prayer for the salah.

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Quadrivium

From the time of Plato through the Middle Ages, the quadrivium (plural: quadrivia) was a grouping of four subjects or arts—arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy—that formed a second curricular stage following preparatory work in the trivium, consisting of grammar, logic, and rhetoric.

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Ramadan

Ramadan (Ramaḍān; also spelled Ramazan, Ramzan, Ramadhan, or Ramathan) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, observed by Muslims worldwide as a month of fasting (sawm), prayer (salah), reflection, and community.

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Reichenau Abbey

Reichenau Abbey was a Benedictine monastery on Reichenau Island (known in Latin as Augia Dives).

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Richard N. Frye

Richard Nelson Frye (January 10, 1920 – March 27, 2014) was an American scholar of Iranian and Central Asian studies, and Aga Khan Professor Emeritus of Iranian Studies at Harvard University.

See Astrolabe and Richard N. Frye

Richard of Wallingford

Richard of Wallingford (1292–1336) was an English mathematician, astronomer, horologist, and cleric who made major contributions to astronomy and horology while serving as abbot of St Albans Abbey in Hertfordshire.

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Ruler

A ruler, sometimes called a rule, scale or a line gauge, is an instrument used to make length measurements, whereby a user estimates a length by reading from a series of markings called "rules" along an edge of the device.

See Astrolabe and Ruler

Salah

Salah is the principal form of worship in Islam.

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Selene

In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Selene (Σελήνη, meaning "Moon")A Greek–English Lexicon.

See Astrolabe and Selene

Severus Sebokht

Severus Sebokht (ܣܘܪܘܣ ܣܝܒܘܟܬ), also Seboukt of Nisibis, was a Syriac scholar and bishop who was born in Nisibis, Syria in 575 and died in 667.

See Astrolabe and Severus Sebokht

Sextant

A sextant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument that measures the angular distance between two visible objects. Astrolabe and sextant are astronomical instruments and Navigational equipment.

See Astrolabe and Sextant

Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi

Sharaf al-Dīn al-Muẓaffar ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar al-Ṭūsī (شرف‌الدین مظفر بن محمد بن مظفر توسی; Tus, Iran – Iran) known more often as Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī or Sharaf ad-Dīn aṭ-Ṭūsī, was an Iranian mathematician and astronomer of the Islamic Golden Age (during the Middle Ages).

See Astrolabe and Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi

Sky

The sky is an unobstructed view upward from the surface of the Earth.

See Astrolabe and Sky

Solstice

A solstice is the time when the Sun reaches its most northerly or southerly excursion relative to the celestial equator on the celestial sphere.

See Astrolabe and Solstice

South Pole

The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipodally on the opposite side of Earth from the North Pole, at a distance of 20,004 km (12,430 miles) in all directions.

See Astrolabe and South Pole

Springer Publishing

Springer Publishing Company is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology).

See Astrolabe and Springer Publishing

Star

A star is a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by self-gravity.

See Astrolabe and Star

Star chart

A star chart is a celestial map of the night sky with astronomical objects laid out on a grid system.

See Astrolabe and Star chart

Stereographic projection

In mathematics, a stereographic projection is a perspective projection of the sphere, through a specific point on the sphere (the pole or center of projection), onto a plane (the projection plane) perpendicular to the diameter through the point.

See Astrolabe and Stereographic projection

Summer solstice

The summer solstice or estival solstice occurs when one of Earth's poles has its maximum tilt toward the Sun.

See Astrolabe and Summer solstice

Surveying

Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial two-dimensional or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them.

See Astrolabe and Surveying

Synesius

Synesius of Cyrene (Συνέσιος; c. 373 – c. 414) was a Greek bishop of Ptolemais in ancient Libya, a part of the Western Pentapolis of Cyrenaica after 410.

See Astrolabe and Synesius

Syriac language

The Syriac language (Leššānā Suryāyā), also known natively in its spoken form in early Syriac literature as Edessan (Urhāyā), the Mesopotamian language (Nahrāyā) and Aramaic (Aramāyā), is an Eastern Middle Aramaic dialect. Classical Syriac is the academic term used to refer to the dialect's literary usage and standardization, distinguishing it from other Aramaic dialects also known as 'Syriac' or 'Syrian'.

See Astrolabe and Syriac language

TED (conference)

TED Conferences, LLC (Technology, Entertainment, Design) is an American-Canadian non-profit media organization that posts international talks online for free distribution under the slogan "ideas worth spreading".

See Astrolabe and TED (conference)

Tetrabiblos

Tetrabiblos (Τετράβιβλος), also known as Apotelesmatiká (Ἀποτελεσματικά) and in Latin as Quadripartitum, is a text on the philosophy and practice of astrology, written by the Alexandrian scholar Claudius Ptolemy in Koine Greek during the 2nd century AD (AD 90– AD 168).

See Astrolabe and Tetrabiblos

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrolabe

Also known as Astrolab, Astrolabes, Astrolabist, Astrolabium, Astrolobe, Ibn al-Sarraj, Origins of the Astrolabe, Plane astrolabe.

, Folk etymology, Frankfurt, Geoffrey Chaucer, Geographic coordinate system, Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world, Georg Hartmann, Greek language, Hamburg Planetarium, Hamza al-Isfahani, Helios, Hellenistic period, Hermann of Reichenau, Hermes, Hipparchus, Horizon, Horizontal coordinate system, Hour, Hypatia, Ibn as-Saffar, Idris (prophet), Ieremias Palladas, Inclinometer, Iran, Isfahan, Islamic calendar, Islamic Golden Age, Jainism, Jean Fusoris, Johannes Stöffler, John Philoponus, Latitude, Lexico, Libros del saber de astronomía, List of astronomical instruments, List of inventions in the medieval Islamic world, Local time, Louvre, Ludwig Oechslin, Lunar calendar, Mahendra Sūri, Mariner's astrolabe, Mashallah ibn Athari, Mathematical instrument, Mathematics in the medieval Islamic world, Mecca, Meridian (astronomy), Middle Ages, Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī, Nadir, Nasir al-Din al-Tusi, Oxford English Dictionary, Paris, Petrus Peregrinus de Maricourt, Philippe Danfrie, Planetarium, Planisphere, Plato Tiburtinus, Pointer (rod), Polaris, Pope Sylvester II, Prague astronomical clock, Prince Henry the Navigator, Princeton University Press, Projection plane, Ptolemy, Qibla, Quadrivium, Ramadan, Reichenau Abbey, Richard N. Frye, Richard of Wallingford, Ruler, Salah, Selene, Severus Sebokht, Sextant, Sharaf al-Din al-Tusi, Sky, Solstice, South Pole, Springer Publishing, Star, Star chart, Stereographic projection, Summer solstice, Surveying, Synesius, Syriac language, TED (conference), Tetrabiblos, The New York Times, Theon of Alexandria, Triangulation, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Tympan, Ulysse Nardin, Winter solstice, Yale University, Yantraraja, Zeiss-Planetarium Jena, Zenith, Zeus, 40th parallel north.

Astrolabe, the Glossary

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