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Astrophysics Data System, the Glossary

The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) is a digital library portal for researchers on astronomy and physics, operated for NASA by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.^[1]

109 relations: Abundance of the chemical elements, Academic conference, Andromeda (constellation), API, Arabic alphabet, ArXiv, ASCII, Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University), Astronomical object, Astronomy, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Bibcode, Biology, Bitmap, Boolean algebra, Cache (computing), Calendar date, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Case sensitivity, Cat's Eye Nebula, CentOS, Central processing unit, Chemistry, Citation, Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9, Cross-platform software, Culture of Asia, Cyrillic script, Database, Dateline, Declination, Digital library, English language, French language, Garching, Gigabyte, Given name, Grammatical number, Gross domestic product, Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Hercules (constellation), Hertz, HTML, Hyphen, Image resolution, Image scanner, INSPIRE-HEP, Intel, International Astronomical Union, IP address, ... Expand index (59 more) »
Astronomical databases
Full-text scholarly online databases
NASA online

Abundance of the chemical elements

The abundance of the chemical elements is a measure of the occurrence of the chemical elements relative to all other elements in a given environment.

See Astrophysics Data System and Abundance of the chemical elements

Academic conference

An academic conference or scientific conference (also congress, symposium, workshop, or meeting) is an event for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their scholarly work.

See Astrophysics Data System and Academic conference

Andromeda (constellation)

Andromeda is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century Greco-Roman astronomer Ptolemy, and one of the 88 modern constellations.

See Astrophysics Data System and Andromeda (constellation)

API

An is a way for two or more computer programs or components to communicate with each other.

See Astrophysics Data System and API

Arabic alphabet

The Arabic alphabet (الْأَبْجَدِيَّة الْعَرَبِيَّة, or الْحُرُوف الْعَرَبِيَّة), or Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language.

See Astrophysics Data System and Arabic alphabet

arXiv (pronounced as "archive"—the X represents the Greek letter chi ⟨χ⟩) is an open-access repository of electronic preprints and postprints (known as e-prints) approved for posting after moderation, but not peer review.

See Astrophysics Data System and ArXiv

ASCII

ASCII, an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication.

See Astrophysics Data System and ASCII

Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University)

The Astronomical Calculation Institute (Astronomisches Rechen-Institut; ARI) is a research institute in Heidelberg, Germany, dating from the 1700s.

See Astrophysics Data System and Astronomical Calculation Institute (Heidelberg University)

Astronomical object

An astronomical object, celestial object, stellar object or heavenly body is a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists within the observable universe.

See Astrophysics Data System and Astronomical object

Astronomy

Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos.

See Astrophysics Data System and Astronomy

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering theoretical, observational, and instrumental astronomy and astrophysics.

See Astrophysics Data System and Astronomy & Astrophysics

Bibcode

The bibcode (also known as the refcode) is a compact identifier used by several astronomical data systems to uniquely specify literature references.

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Biology

Biology is the scientific study of life.

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Bitmap

In computing, a bitmap (also called raster) graphic is an image formed from rows of different colored pixels.

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Boolean algebra

In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra.

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Cache (computing)

In computing, a cache is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the data stored in a cache might be the result of an earlier computation or a copy of data stored elsewhere.

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Calendar date

A calendar date is a reference to a particular day represented within a calendar system.

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Cambridge, Massachusetts

Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.

See Astrophysics Data System and Cambridge, Massachusetts

Case sensitivity

In computers, case sensitivity defines whether uppercase and lowercase letters are treated as distinct (case-sensitive) or equivalent (case-insensitive).

See Astrophysics Data System and Case sensitivity

Cat's Eye Nebula

The Cat's Eye Nebula (also known as NGC 6543 and Caldwell 6) is a planetary nebula in the northern constellation of Draco, discovered by William Herschel on February 15, 1786.

See Astrophysics Data System and Cat's Eye Nebula

CentOS

CentOS (from Community Enterprise Operating System; also known as CentOS Linux) is a discontinued Linux distribution that provided a free and open-source community-supported computing platform, functionally compatible with its upstream source, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).

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Central processing unit

A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor, or just processor, is the most important processor in a given computer.

See Astrophysics Data System and Central processing unit

Chemistry

Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.

See Astrophysics Data System and Chemistry

Citation

A citation is a reference to a source.

See Astrophysics Data System and Citation

Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9

Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 (formally designated D/1993 F2) was a comet that broke apart in July 1992 and collided with Jupiter in July 1994, providing the first direct observation of an extraterrestrial collision of Solar System objects.

See Astrophysics Data System and Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9

Cross-platform software

In computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer software that is designed to work in several computing platforms.

See Astrophysics Data System and Cross-platform software

Culture of Asia

The culture of Asia encompasses the collective and diverse customs and traditions of art, architecture, music, literature, lifestyle, philosophy, food, politics and religion that have been practiced and maintained by the numerous ethnic groups of the continent of Asia since prehistory.

See Astrophysics Data System and Culture of Asia

Cyrillic script

The Cyrillic script, Slavonic script or simply Slavic script is a writing system used for various languages across Eurasia.

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Database

In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data.

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A dateline is a brief piece of text included in news articles that describes where and when the story was written or filed, though the date is often omitted.

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Declination

In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle.

See Astrophysics Data System and Declination

Digital library

A digital library (also called an online library, an internet library, a digital repository, a library without walls, or a digital collection) is an online database of digital objects that can include text, still images, audio, video, digital documents, or other digital media formats or a library accessible through the internet.

See Astrophysics Data System and Digital library

English language

English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain.

See Astrophysics Data System and English language

French language

French (français,, or langue française,, or by some speakers) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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Garching

Garching bei München (Garching near Munich) or Garching is a city in Bavaria, near Munich.

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Gigabyte

The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Given name

A given name (also known as a forename or first name) is the part of a personal name quoted in that identifies a person, potentially with a middle name as well, and differentiates that person from the other members of a group (typically a family or clan) who have a common surname.

See Astrophysics Data System and Given name

Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more").

See Astrophysics Data System and Grammatical number

Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries.

See Astrophysics Data System and Gross domestic product

Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

The Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA), previously known as the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, is an astrophysics research institute jointly operated by the Harvard College Observatory and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.

See Astrophysics Data System and Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Hercules (constellation)

Hercules is a constellation named after Hercules, the Roman mythological hero adapted from the Greek hero Heracles.

See Astrophysics Data System and Hercules (constellation)

Hertz

The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second.

See Astrophysics Data System and Hertz

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser.

See Astrophysics Data System and HTML

Hyphen

The hyphen is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word.

See Astrophysics Data System and Hyphen

Image resolution

Image resolution is the level of detail of an image.

See Astrophysics Data System and Image resolution

Image scanner

An image scanner—often abbreviated to just scanner—is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital image.

See Astrophysics Data System and Image scanner

INSPIRE-HEP

INSPIRE-HEP is an open access digital library for the field of high energy physics (HEP). Astrophysics Data System and INSPIRE-HEP are Bibliographic databases and indexes, Discipline-oriented digital libraries and Full-text scholarly online databases.

See Astrophysics Data System and INSPIRE-HEP

Intel

Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, and incorporated in Delaware.

See Astrophysics Data System and Intel

International Astronomical Union

The International Astronomical Union (IAU; Union astronomique internationale, UAI) is an international non-governmental organization (INGO) with the objective of advancing astronomy in all aspects, including promoting astronomical research, outreach, education, and development through global cooperation.

See Astrophysics Data System and International Astronomical Union

IP address

An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label such as that is assigned to a device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.

See Astrophysics Data System and IP address

Jérôme Lalande

Joseph Jérôme Lefrançois de Lalande (11 July 1732 – 4April 1807) was a French astronomer, freemason and writer.

See Astrophysics Data System and Jérôme Lalande

Johann Friedrich Weidler

Johann Friedrich Weidler (13 April 1691 in Großneuhausen – 13 November 1755 in Wittenberg) was a German jurist and mathematician.

See Astrophysics Data System and Johann Friedrich Weidler

LaTeX

LaTeX (or, often stylized with vertically offset letters) is a software system for typesetting documents.

See Astrophysics Data System and LaTeX

Linux

Linux is both an open-source Unix-like kernel and a generic name for a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds.

See Astrophysics Data System and Linux

List of academic databases and search engines

This article contains a representative list of notable databases and search engines useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles in academic journals, institutional repositories, archives, or other collections of scientific and other articles. Astrophysics Data System and list of academic databases and search engines are Bibliographic databases and indexes.

See Astrophysics Data System and List of academic databases and search engines

Logic

Logic is the study of correct reasoning.

See Astrophysics Data System and Logic

Lunar and Planetary Institute

The Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) is a scientific research institute dedicated to study of the solar system, its formation, evolution, and current state.

See Astrophysics Data System and Lunar and Planetary Institute

Mathematics

Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes abstract objects, methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself.

See Astrophysics Data System and Mathematics

Messier object

The Messier objects are a set of 110 astronomical objects catalogued by the French astronomer Charles Messier in his (Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters).

See Astrophysics Data System and Messier object

Metadata (or metainformation) is "data that provides information about other data", but not the content of the data itself, such as the text of a message or the image itself.

See Astrophysics Data System and Metadata

In astronomy, metallicity is the abundance of elements present in an object that are heavier than hydrogen and helium.

See Astrophysics Data System and Metallicity

Michael J. Kurtz

Michael J. Kurtz is an astrophysicist at Harvard University, He has held the title of Astronomer at the Center for Astrophysics ! Harvard & Smithsonian since 1983, and the additional post of Computer Scientist at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory since 1984.

See Astrophysics Data System and Michael J. Kurtz

Middle name

In various cultures, a middle name is a portion of a personal name that is written between a person's given name and surname.

See Astrophysics Data System and Middle name

Minute and second of arc

A minute of arc, arcminute (arcmin), arc minute, or minute arc, denoted by the symbol, is a unit of angular measurement equal to of one degree.

See Astrophysics Data System and Minute and second of arc

Mirror site

Mirror sites or mirrors are replicas of other websites.

See Astrophysics Data System and Mirror site

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in astronomy, astrophysics and related fields.

See Astrophysics Data System and Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.

See Astrophysics Data System and NASA

The NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) is an online astronomical database for astronomers that collates and cross-correlates astronomical information on extragalactic objects (galaxies, quasars, radio, x-ray and infrared sources, etc.). NED was created in the late 1980s by two Pasadena astronomers, George Helou and Barry F. Astrophysics Data System and NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database are astronomical databases.

See Astrophysics Data System and NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database

New General Catalogue

The New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars (abbreviated NGC) is an astronomical catalogue of deep-sky objects compiled by John Louis Emil Dreyer in 1888.

See Astrophysics Data System and New General Catalogue

Object database

An object database or object-oriented database is a database management system in which information is represented in the form of objects as used in object-oriented programming.

See Astrophysics Data System and Object database

Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.

See Astrophysics Data System and Operating system

Optical character recognition

Optical character recognition or optical character reader (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text, whether from a scanned document, a photo of a document, a scene photo (for example the text on signs and billboards in a landscape photo) or from subtitle text superimposed on an image (for example: from a television broadcast).

See Astrophysics Data System and Optical character recognition

Optical spectrometer

An optical spectrometer (spectrophotometer, spectrograph or spectroscope) is an instrument used to measure properties of light over a specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, typically used in spectroscopic analysis to identify materials.

See Astrophysics Data System and Optical spectrometer

PDF

Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

See Astrophysics Data System and PDF

Perl

Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language.

See Astrophysics Data System and Perl

Physics

Physics is the natural science of matter, involving the study of matter, its fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force.

See Astrophysics Data System and Physics

Planetary Data System

The Planetary Data System (PDS) is a distributed data system that NASA uses to archive data collected by Solar System missions. Astrophysics Data System and Planetary Data System are astronomical databases.

See Astrophysics Data System and Planetary Data System

Pleiades

The Pleiades, also known as the Seven Sisters and Messier 45, reflects an observed pattern formed by those stars, in an asterism of an open star cluster containing middle-aged, hot B-type stars in the northwest of the constellation Taurus.

See Astrophysics Data System and Pleiades

Plural

The plural (sometimes abbreviated as pl., pl, or), in many languages, is one of the values of the grammatical category of number.

See Astrophysics Data System and Plural

PostScript

PostScript (often abbreviated as PS) is a page description language and dynamically typed, stack-based programming language.

See Astrophysics Data System and PostScript

Proof of concept

Proof of concept (POC or PoC), also known as proof of principle, is a realization of a certain idea, method or principle in order to demonstrate its feasibility, or viability, or a demonstration in principle with the aim of verifying that some concept or theory has practical potential.

See Astrophysics Data System and Proof of concept

Proofreading

Proofreading is an iterative process of comparing galley proofs against the original manuscripts or graphic artworks to identify transcription errors in the typesetting process.

See Astrophysics Data System and Proofreading

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (often abbreviated as PASP in references and literature) is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal managed by the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.

See Astrophysics Data System and Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific

PubMed

PubMed is a free database including primarily the MEDLINE database of references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics. Astrophysics Data System and PubMed are Bibliographic databases and indexes.

See Astrophysics Data System and PubMed

Python (programming language)

Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language.

See Astrophysics Data System and Python (programming language)

Random-access memory

Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of electronic computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code.

See Astrophysics Data System and Random-access memory

Right ascension

Right ascension (abbreviated RA; symbol) is the angular distance of a particular point measured eastward along the celestial equator from the Sun at the March equinox to the (hour circle of the) point in question above the Earth.

See Astrophysics Data System and Right ascension

Royal Observatory of Belgium

The Royal Observatory of Belgium (Observatoire Royal de Belgique; Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België) has been situated in the Uccle municipality of Brussels since 1890.

See Astrophysics Data System and Royal Observatory of Belgium

Rsync

rsync is a utility for transferring and synchronizing files between a computer and a storage drive and across networked computers by comparing the modification times and sizes of files.

See Astrophysics Data System and Rsync

Saturn Nebula

The Saturn Nebula (also known as NGC 7009 or Caldwell 55) is a planetary nebula in the constellation Aquarius.

See Astrophysics Data System and Saturn Nebula

Search engine

A search engine is a software system that provides hyperlinks to web pages and other relevant information on the Web in response to a user's query.

See Astrophysics Data System and Search engine

SIMBAD

SIMBAD (the Set of Identifications, Measurements and Bibliography for Astronomical Data) is an astronomical database of objects beyond the Solar System. Astrophysics Data System and SIMBAD are astronomical databases.

See Astrophysics Data System and SIMBAD

Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) is a research institute of the Smithsonian Institution, concentrating on astrophysical studies including galactic and extragalactic astronomy, cosmology, solar, earth and planetary sciences, theory and instrumentation, using observations at wavelengths from the highest energy gamma rays to the radio, along with gravitational waves.

See Astrophysics Data System and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.

See Astrophysics Data System and Sun

Surname

A surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family.

See Astrophysics Data System and Surname

Synonym

A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language.

See Astrophysics Data System and Synonym

T Tauri star

T Tauri stars (TTS) are a class of variable stars that are less than about ten million years old.

See Astrophysics Data System and T Tauri star

Taurus (constellation)

Taurus (Latin, 'Bull') is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the northern celestial hemisphere.

See Astrophysics Data System and Taurus (constellation)

TeX

TeX (see below), stylized within the system as, is a typesetting program which was designed and written by computer scientist and Stanford University professor Donald Knuth and first released in 1978.

See Astrophysics Data System and TeX

The Astronomical Journal

The Astronomical Journal (often abbreviated AJ in scientific papers and references) is a peer-reviewed monthly scientific journal owned by the American Astronomical Society (AAS) and currently published by IOP Publishing.

See Astrophysics Data System and The Astronomical Journal

The Astrophysical Journal

The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler.

See Astrophysics Data System and The Astrophysical Journal

TIFF

Tag Image File Format or Tagged Image File Format, commonly known by the abbreviations TIFF or TIF, is an image file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

See Astrophysics Data System and TIFF

Umlaut (diacritic)

Umlaut is a name for the two dots diacritical mark as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters,, and) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example,, and as,, and). (The term Germanic umlaut is also used for the underlying historical sound shift process.) In its contemporary printed form, the mark consists of two dots placed over the letter to represent the changed vowel sound.

See Astrophysics Data System and Umlaut (diacritic)

United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.

See Astrophysics Data System and United Nations

United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space

The United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS) is a United Nations committee whose main task is to review and foster international cooperation in the peaceful uses of outer space, as well as to consider legal issues arising from the exploration of outer space.

See Astrophysics Data System and United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space

United Nations General Assembly

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée générale, AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), serving as its main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ.

See Astrophysics Data System and United Nations General Assembly

User interface

In the industrial design field of human–computer interaction, a user interface (UI) is the space where interactions between humans and machines occur.

See Astrophysics Data System and User interface

Weight function

A weight function is a mathematical device used when performing a sum, integral, or average to give some elements more "weight" or influence on the result than other elements in the same set.

See Astrophysics Data System and Weight function

XML

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing arbitrary data.

See Astrophysics Data System and XML

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophysics_Data_System

Also known as ABS ADS, ABSADS, ADS ABS, ADSABS, Adsabs.harvard.edu, Astrophysics Data Service, Astrophysics Data Systems, NASA ADS, NASA Astrophysics Data System, NASA/ADS, SAO/NASA ADS, SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System.

, Jérôme Lalande, Johann Friedrich Weidler, LaTeX, Linux, List of academic databases and search engines, Logic, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Mathematics, Messier object, Metadata, Metallicity, Michael J. Kurtz, Middle name, Minute and second of arc, Mirror site, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, NASA, NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, New General Catalogue, Object database, Operating system, Optical character recognition, Optical spectrometer, PDF, Perl, Physics, Planetary Data System, Pleiades, Plural, PostScript, Proof of concept, Proofreading, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, PubMed, Python (programming language), Random-access memory, Right ascension, Royal Observatory of Belgium, Rsync, Saturn Nebula, Search engine, SIMBAD, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Sun, Surname, Synonym, T Tauri star, Taurus (constellation), TeX, The Astronomical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal, TIFF, Umlaut (diacritic), United Nations, United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, United Nations General Assembly, User interface, Weight function, XML.

Astrophysics Data System, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Astronomical databases

Full-text scholarly online databases

NASA online

References