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Atoll, the Glossary

Index Atoll

An atoll is a ring-shaped island, including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 111 relations: Aldabra, Aragonite, Aranuka, Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina, Ari Atoll, Atolls of the Maldives, Australian Dictionary of Biography, Australian National University, Baratal limestone, Bassas de Pedro, Bermuda, Bikini Atoll, Calcite, Caribbean, Caroline Islands, Cay, Chagos Archipelago, Charles Darwin, Chesterfield Islands, Chuuk Lagoon, Chuuk State, Colombia, Coral, Coral island, Coral reef, Coral Sea, Coral Sea Islands, Detritus, Dolomite (rock), Dolomitization, Ducie Island, Edgeworth David, Elizabeth Reef, Fringing reef, Funafuti, Great Chagos Bank, Gulf Stream, Guyot, Hermatypic coral, Huvadhu Atoll, India, Indian Ocean, Indo-Aryan languages, Indonesia, Islet, John Murray (publishing house), Kaafu Atoll, Karst, Kiribati, Kiritimati, ... Expand index (61 more) »

  2. Atolls
  3. Biogeomorphology
  4. Islands by type

Aldabra

Aldabra, the world's second-largest coral atoll (the largest is Kiribati), is located southeast of the continent of Africa.

See Atoll and Aldabra

Aragonite

Aragonite is a carbonate mineral and one of the three most common naturally occurring crystal forms of calcium carbonate, the others being calcite and vaterite.

See Atoll and Aragonite

Aranuka

Aranuka is an atoll of Kiribati, located just north of the equator, in the Gilbert Islands.

See Atoll and Aranuka

Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina

The Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina (Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina), or The Raizal Islands, is one of the departments of Colombia, and the only one located geographically in Central America.

See Atoll and Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina

Ari Atoll

Ari Atoll (also called Alif or Alifu Atoll) is one of the natural atolls of the Maldives.

See Atoll and Ari Atoll

Atolls of the Maldives

The Maldives are formed by 20 natural atolls, along with a few islands and isolated reefs today which form a pattern stretching from 7 degrees 10′ North to 0 degrees 45′ South.

See Atoll and Atolls of the Maldives

Australian Dictionary of Biography

The Australian Dictionary of Biography (ADB or AuDB) is a national co-operative enterprise founded and maintained by the Australian National University (ANU) to produce authoritative biographical articles on eminent people in Australia's history.

See Atoll and Australian Dictionary of Biography

Australian National University

The Australian National University (ANU) is a public research university and member of the Group of Eight, located in Canberra, the capital of Australia.

See Atoll and Australian National University

Baratal limestone

Baratal limestone, also known as the Baratal Formation, is a limestone formation in the Altai Republic of Russia that formed during the Cambrian and Ediacaran, presumably on top of an ancient seamount that was later accreted to a continent. Atoll and Baratal limestone are atolls.

See Atoll and Baratal limestone

Bassas de Pedro

Bassas de Pedro, also known as Manjappar or Pedro Bank, is a submerged bank or sunken atoll belonging to the Amindivi Subgroup of islands of the Union Territory of Lakshadweep, India, with a distance of south of the city of Delhi.

See Atoll and Bassas de Pedro

Bermuda

Bermuda (historically known as the Bermudas or Somers Isles) is a British Overseas Territory in the North Atlantic Ocean.

See Atoll and Bermuda

Bikini Atoll

Bikini Atoll (or; Marshallese: Pikinni), known as Eschscholtz Atoll between the 19th century and 1946, is a coral reef in the Marshall Islands consisting of 23 islands surrounding a central lagoon.

See Atoll and Bikini Atoll

Calcite

Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

See Atoll and Calcite

Caribbean

The Caribbean (el Caribe; les Caraïbes; de Caraïben) is a subregion of the Americas that includes the Caribbean Sea and its islands, some of which are surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some of which border both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean; the nearby coastal areas on the mainland are sometimes also included in the region.

See Atoll and Caribbean

Caroline Islands

The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea.

See Atoll and Caroline Islands

Cay

A cay, also spelled caye or key, is a small, low-elevation, sandy island on the surface of a coral reef. Atoll and cay are islands by type.

See Atoll and Cay

Chagos Archipelago

The Chagos Archipelago or Chagos Islands (formerly the Bassas de Chagas, and later the Oil Islands) is a group of seven atolls comprising more than 60 islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 kilometres (310 mi) south of the Maldives archipelago.

See Atoll and Chagos Archipelago

Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist, and biologist, widely known for his contributions to evolutionary biology.

See Atoll and Charles Darwin

Chesterfield Islands

The Chesterfield Islands (îles Chesterfield in French) are a French archipelago of New Caledonia located in the Coral Sea, northwest of Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia.

See Atoll and Chesterfield Islands

Chuuk Lagoon

Chuuk Lagoon, previously Truk Atoll, is an atoll in the central Pacific.

See Atoll and Chuuk Lagoon

Chuuk State

Chuuk State (also known as Truk) is one of the four states of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM).

See Atoll and Chuuk State

Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.

See Atoll and Colombia

Coral

Corals are colonial marine invertebrates within the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria.

See Atoll and Coral

Coral island

A coral island is a type of island formed from coral detritus and associated organic material. Atoll and coral island are atolls and islands by type.

See Atoll and Coral island

Coral reef

A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Atoll and coral reef are coastal and oceanic landforms and Oceanographical terminology.

See Atoll and Coral reef

Coral Sea

The Coral Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific off the northeast coast of Australia, and classified as an interim Australian bioregion.

See Atoll and Coral Sea

Coral Sea Islands

The Coral Sea Islands Territory is an external territory of Australia which comprises a group of small and mostly uninhabited tropical islands and reefs in the Coral Sea, north-east of Queensland, Australia.

See Atoll and Coral Sea Islands

Detritus

In biology, detritus is dead particulate organic material, as distinguished from dissolved organic material.

See Atoll and Detritus

Dolomite (rock)

Dolomite (also known as dolomite rock, dolostone or dolomitic rock) is a sedimentary carbonate rock that contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, CaMg(CO3)2.

See Atoll and Dolomite (rock)

Dolomitization

Dolomitization is a geological process by which the carbonate mineral dolomite is formed when magnesium ions replace calcium ions in another carbonate mineral, calcite.

See Atoll and Dolomitization

Ducie Island

Ducie Island is an uninhabited atoll in the Pitcairn Islands group, which also includes Pitcairn, Henderson and Oeno islands.

See Atoll and Ducie Island

Edgeworth David

Sir Tannatt William Edgeworth David (28 January 1858 – 28 August 1934) was a Welsh Australian geologist and Antarctic explorer.

See Atoll and Edgeworth David

Elizabeth Reef

Elizabeth Reef, located at, is a coral reef in the Coral Sea.

See Atoll and Elizabeth Reef

Fringing reef

A fringing reef is one of the three main types of coral reef.

See Atoll and Fringing reef

Funafuti

Funafuti is the capital of the island nation of Tuvalu.

See Atoll and Funafuti

Great Chagos Bank

The Great Chagos Bank, in the Chagos Archipelago, about south of Maldives, is the largest atoll structure in the world, with a total area of.

See Atoll and Great Chagos Bank

Gulf Stream

The Gulf Stream is a warm and swift Atlantic ocean current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and flows through the Straits of Florida and up the eastern coastline of the United States, then veers east near 36°N latitude (North Carolina) and moves toward Northwest Europe as the North Atlantic Current.

See Atoll and Gulf Stream

Guyot

In marine geology, a guyot, also called a tablemount, is an isolated underwater volcanic mountain (seamount) with a flat top more than below the surface of the sea.

See Atoll and Guyot

Hermatypic coral

Hermatypic corals are those corals in the order Scleractinia which build reefs by depositing hard calcareous material for their skeletons, forming the stony framework of the reef.

See Atoll and Hermatypic coral

Huvadhu Atoll

Huvadhu, Suvadive, Suvaidu or Suvadiva is the atoll with the most islands in the world.

See Atoll and Huvadhu Atoll

India

India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.

See Atoll and India

Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approx.

See Atoll and Indian Ocean

Indo-Aryan languages

The Indo-Aryan languages (or sometimes Indic languages) are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family.

See Atoll and Indo-Aryan languages

Indonesia

Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans.

See Atoll and Indonesia

Islet

An islet is a very small, often unnamed island. Atoll and islet are coastal and oceanic landforms and islands by type.

See Atoll and Islet

John Murray (publishing house)

John Murray is a Scottish publisher, known for the authors it has published in its long history including Jane Austen, Arthur Conan Doyle, Lord Byron, Charles Lyell, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Herman Melville, Edward Whymper, Thomas Robert Malthus, David Ricardo, and Charles Darwin.

See Atoll and John Murray (publishing house)

Kaafu Atoll

Kaafu Atoll is the code name given to an administrative division in the Republic of Maldives which consists of the geographical atolls of Kaashidhoo Island, Gaafaru, North Malé Atoll and South Malé Atoll.

See Atoll and Kaafu Atoll

Karst

Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble carbonate rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum.

See Atoll and Karst

Kiribati

Kiribati, officially the Republic of Kiribati (Ribaberiki Kiribati),.

See Atoll and Kiribati

Kiritimati

Kiritimati (also known as Christmas Island) is a Pacific Ocean atoll in the northern Line Islands.

See Atoll and Kiritimati

Kolhumadulu Atoll

Kolhumadulu Atoll (also known as Thaa Atoll) is an administrative division of the Maldives.

See Atoll and Kolhumadulu Atoll

Kure Atoll

Kure Atoll (translation; label) or Ocean Island is an atoll in the Pacific Ocean west-northwest of Midway Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands at.

See Atoll and Kure Atoll

Kwajalein Atoll

Kwajalein Atoll (Marshallese: Kuwajleen) is part of the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI).

See Atoll and Kwajalein Atoll

Lagoon

A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform, such as reefs, barrier islands, barrier peninsulas, or isthmuses. Atoll and lagoon are coastal and oceanic landforms and Oceanographical terminology.

See Atoll and Lagoon

Lakshadweep

Lakshadweep is a union territory of India.

See Atoll and Lakshadweep

Latitude

In geography, latitude is a coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body.

See Atoll and Latitude

Lifou

Lifou is a commune of France in the Loyalty Islands Province of New Caledonia, Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Lifou

Lifou Island

Lifou Island, historically spelt Lifu or Lefu in English, and known as Drehu in the local language, is the largest, most populous and most important island of the Loyalty Islands, in the archipelago of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Lifou Island

Lihou Reef National Nature Reserve

Lihou Reef National Nature Reserve is a former marine protected area covering an area of 8440 km2 in the Australian Coral Sea Islands Territory that was incorporated into the new Coral Sea Commonwealth Marine Reserve in December 2012.

See Atoll and Lihou Reef National Nature Reserve

Los Roques Archipelago

The Los Roques Archipelago (Spanish: Archipiélago de Los Roques) is a federal dependency of Venezuela consisting of approximately 350 islands, cays, and islets in a total area of 40.61 square kilometers.

See Atoll and Los Roques Archipelago

Macclesfield Bank

Macclesfield Bank is an elongated sunken atoll of underwater reefs and shoals in the South China Sea.

See Atoll and Macclesfield Bank

Maldives

The Maldives, officially the Republic of Maldives, and historically known as the Maldive Islands, is a country and archipelagic state in South Asia in the Indian Ocean.

See Atoll and Maldives

Maldivian language

Dhivehi or Divehi (ދިވެހި), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in the South Asian island country of Maldives and on Minicoy Island, Lakshadweep, a union territory of India.

See Atoll and Maldivian language

Maro Reef

Maro Reef (Hawaiian: Nalukākala - "surf that arrives in combers") is a largely submerged coral atoll located in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

See Atoll and Maro Reef

Marshall Islands

The Marshall Islands (Ṃajeḷ), officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands (Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ), is an island country west of the International Date Line and north of the equator in the Micronesia region in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Marshall Islands

Mesozoic

The Mesozoic Era is the penultimate era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods.

See Atoll and Mesozoic

Middleton Reef

Middleton Reef is a coral reef in the Coral Sea.

See Atoll and Middleton Reef

Namonuito Atoll

Namonuito Atoll, also called Namonweito, Weito, or Magur Islands, is the largest atoll of the Federated States of Micronesia and of the Caroline Islands with a total area of, unless one considers the still larger Chuuk (Truk) Lagoon as a type of atoll in an early stage of development.

See Atoll and Namonuito Atoll

NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.

See Atoll and NASA

New Caledonia

New Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie) is a ''sui generis'' collectivity of overseas France in the southwest Pacific Ocean, south of Vanuatu, about east of Australia, and from Metropolitan France.

See Atoll and New Caledonia

Nicaragua

Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the geographically largest country in Central America, comprising.

See Atoll and Nicaragua

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands or Leeward Hawaiian Islands are a series of islands and atolls in the Hawaiian island chain located northwest of the islands of Kauai and Niokinaihau.

See Atoll and Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Nukuoro

Nukuoro is an atoll in the Federated States of Micronesia.

See Atoll and Nukuoro

Ontong Java Atoll

Ontong Java Atoll or Luangiua (formerly Lord Howe Atoll, not to be confused with Lord Howe Island) is an atoll in Solomon Islands, and one of the largest atolls on earth.

See Atoll and Ontong Java Atoll

Outer Islands (Seychelles)

The Outer Islands or Coralline Seychelles (archipelago) is a collective term for those islands of the Seychelles that are not on the shallow Seychelles Bank (Seychelles Plateau) which defines the location of the granitic Inner Islands archipelago to the east.

See Atoll and Outer Islands (Seychelles)

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions.

See Atoll and Pacific Ocean

Penrhyn atoll

Penrhyn (also called Tongareva, Māngarongaro, Hararanga, and Te Pitaka) is an atoll in the northern group of the Cook Islands in the south Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Penrhyn atoll

Pitcairn Islands

The Pitcairn Islands (Pitkern: Pitkern Ailen), officially Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, are a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean that form the sole British Overseas Territory in the Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Pitcairn Islands

Pleistocene

The Pleistocene (often referred to colloquially as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch that lasted from to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations.

See Atoll and Pleistocene

A promontory is a raised mass of land that projects into a lowland or a body of water (in which case it is a peninsula).

See Atoll and Promontory

Pseudo-atoll

A pseudo-atoll, like an atoll, is an island that encircles a lagoon, either partially or completely. Atoll and pseudo-atoll are atolls and coastal and oceanic landforms.

See Atoll and Pseudo-atoll

Raa Atoll

Raa Atoll (also known as Northern Maalhosmadulu Atoll or Maalhosmadulu Uthuruburi) is an administrative division from the Maldives.

See Atoll and Raa Atoll

Raised coral atoll

A raised coral atoll or uplifted coral atoll is an atoll that has been lifted high enough above sea level by tectonic forces, protecting it from scouring by storms and enabling soils and diverse – often endemic – species of flora and fauna to develop. Atoll and raised coral atoll are atolls and coastal and oceanic landforms.

See Atoll and Raised coral atoll

Rangiroa

Rangiroa (Tuamotuan for 'vast sky') or Te Kokōta (Cook Islands Māori for 'the Hyades star cluster') is the largest atoll in the Tuamotus and one of the largest in the world (smaller than Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands and Huvadhu in the Maldives).

See Atoll and Rangiroa

Reef knoll

A reef knoll is a landform that comprises an immense pile of calcareous material that had previously accumulated on an ancient sea floor.

See Atoll and Reef knoll

Rennell Island

Rennell Island, locally known as Mugaba, is the main island of two inhabited islands that make up the Rennell and Bellona Province in the nation state of Solomon Islands.

See Atoll and Rennell Island

Rosalind Bank

Rosalind Bank, also called Rosalinda or Rosa Linda Bank (Placer de Rosalinda), is a large, completely submerged bank or atoll in the western Caribbean Sea.

See Atoll and Rosalind Bank

Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

See Atoll and Routledge

Royal Society

The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences.

See Atoll and Royal Society

Sabalana Islands

The Sabalana Islands (Kepulauan Sabalana) are an atoll in the Flores Sea in Indonesia, lying just north of the Lesser Sunda Islands, closer to Sumbawa than Sulawesi.

See Atoll and Sabalana Islands

Saya de Malha Bank

The Saya de Malha Bank (also the Sahia de Malha Bank, modern Portuguese: saia de malha, English: mesh skirt) or Mesh Skirt Bank, is one of the largest submerged ocean banks in the world, a part of the vast undersea Mascarene Plateau.

See Atoll and Saya de Malha Bank

Seamount

A seamount is a large submarine landform that rises from the ocean floor without reaching the water surface (sea level), and thus is not an island, islet, or cliff-rock.

See Atoll and Seamount

Seychelles

Seychelles, officially the Republic of Seychelles (République des Seychelles; Seychellois Creole: Repiblik Sesel), is an island country and archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands (as per the Constitution) in the Indian Ocean.

See Atoll and Seychelles

Smith, Elder & Co.

Smith, Elder & Co., alternatively Smith, Elder, and Co. or Smith, Elder and Co. was a British publishing company which was most noted for the works it published in the 19th century.

See Atoll and Smith, Elder & Co.

Solomon Islands

Solomon Islands, also known simply as the Solomons,John Prados, Islands of Destiny, Dutton Caliber, 2012, p,20 and passim is a country consisting of 21 major islands Guadalcanal, Malaita, Makira, Santa Isabel, Choiseul, New Georgia, Kolombangara, Rennell, Vella Lavella, Vangunu, Nendo, Maramasike, Rendova, Shortland, San Jorge, Banie, Ranongga, Pavuvu, Nggela Pile and Nggela Sule, Tetepare, (which are bigger in area than 100 square kilometres) and over 900 smaller islands in Melanesia, part of Oceania, to the northeast of Australia.

See Atoll and Solomon Islands

South China Sea

The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and South China Sea

Spratly Islands

The Spratly Islands (Kapuluan ng Kalayaan; Mandarin p; Kepulauan Spratly; Quần đảo Trường Sa) are a disputed archipelago in the South China Sea.

See Atoll and Spratly Islands

Subtropics

The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical and climate zones to the north and south of the tropics.

See Atoll and Subtropics

Tasman Sea

The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand.

See Atoll and Tasman Sea

The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs

The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs, Being the first part of the geology of the voyage of the Beagle, under the command of Capt.

See Atoll and The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs

The Sydney Morning Herald

The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) is a daily tabloid newspaper published in Sydney, Australia, and owned by Nine.

See Atoll and The Sydney Morning Herald

Thiladhunmathi

Thiladhunmathi (also known as Boduthiladhunmathi) is the largest atoll in the Maldives, the Miladhunmadulu group is also naturally a part of Thiladhunmati Atoll, comprising the southern half of the atoll.

See Atoll and Thiladhunmathi

Tokelau

Tokelau (known previously as the Union Islands, and, until 1976, known officially as the Tokelau Islands) is a dependent territory of New Zealand in the southern Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Tokelau

Tropics

The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator.

See Atoll and Tropics

Tuamotus

The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (Îles Tuamotu, officially Archipel des Tuamotu) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean.

See Atoll and Tuamotus

Tuvalu

Tuvalu, formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is an island country in the Polynesian subregion of Oceania in the Pacific Ocean, about midway between Hawaii and Australia.

See Atoll and Tuvalu

University of Oxford

The University of Oxford is a collegiate research university in Oxford, England.

See Atoll and University of Oxford

University of Sydney

The University of Sydney (USYD) is a public research university in Sydney, Australia.

See Atoll and University of Sydney

Volcanic island

Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. Atoll and volcanic island are islands by type.

See Atoll and Volcanic island

Walter George Woolnough

Walter George Woolnough (15 January 1876 – 28 September 1958) was an Australian geologist.

See Atoll and Walter George Woolnough

William Johnson Sollas

Prof William Johnson Sollas PGS FRS FRSE LLD (30 May 1849 – 20 October 1936) was a British geologist and anthropologist.

See Atoll and William Johnson Sollas

See also

Atolls

Biogeomorphology

Islands by type

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atoll

Also known as Antecedent karst model of atoll formation, Antecedent karst theory of atoll formation, Atholhu, Atoll reef, Atolls, Coral atoll, Darwin Point, Largest atolls, List of largest atoll lagoons, List of largest atolls, Subsidence model of atoll formation, Subsidence theory of atoll formation.

, Kolhumadulu Atoll, Kure Atoll, Kwajalein Atoll, Lagoon, Lakshadweep, Latitude, Lifou, Lifou Island, Lihou Reef National Nature Reserve, Los Roques Archipelago, Macclesfield Bank, Maldives, Maldivian language, Maro Reef, Marshall Islands, Mesozoic, Middleton Reef, Namonuito Atoll, NASA, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, Nukuoro, Ontong Java Atoll, Outer Islands (Seychelles), Pacific Ocean, Penrhyn atoll, Pitcairn Islands, Pleistocene, Promontory, Pseudo-atoll, Raa Atoll, Raised coral atoll, Rangiroa, Reef knoll, Rennell Island, Rosalind Bank, Routledge, Royal Society, Sabalana Islands, Saya de Malha Bank, Seamount, Seychelles, Smith, Elder & Co., Solomon Islands, South China Sea, Spratly Islands, Subtropics, Tasman Sea, The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs, The Sydney Morning Herald, Thiladhunmathi, Tokelau, Tropics, Tuamotus, Tuvalu, University of Oxford, University of Sydney, Volcanic island, Walter George Woolnough, William Johnson Sollas.