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Azoospermia, the Glossary

Azoospermia is the medical condition of a man whose semen contains no sperm.^[1]

84 relations: Activin and inhibin, Agenesis, Alcohol (drug), Alpha blocker, American Society for Reproductive Medicine, American Urological Association, Androgen receptor, Anejaculation, Antibiotic, Apoptosis, Aspermia, Azoospermia factor, BRCA2, BRD7, Cannabis (drug), Chemotherapy, Congenital absence of the vas deferens, Cryptorchidism, Cystic fibrosis, Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, DAZ protein family, Disease, DNA damage (naturally occurring), DNA repair, Ejaculation, Ejaculatory duct obstruction, Follicle-stimulating hormone, Gametogenesis, Genetic counseling, Genetic recombination, Genetic testing, Germline, Gonadotropin, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, Hormone therapy, Hyperprolactinaemia, Hypopituitarism, In vitro fertilisation, Infertility, Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, Kallmann syndrome, Karyotype, Klinefelter syndrome, List of chemotherapeutic agents, Luteinizing hormone, Male infertility, Mast cell, MLH1, MLH3, Mutation, ... Expand index (34 more) »
Testicular infertility factors

Activin and inhibin

Activin and inhibin are two closely related protein complexes that have almost directly opposite biological effects.

Agenesis

In medicine, agenesis refers to the failure of an organ to develop during embryonic growth and development due to the absence of primordial tissue.

See Azoospermia and Agenesis

Alcohol (drug)

Alcohol, sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is one of the most widely used and abused psychoactive drugs in the world and falls under the depressant category.

See Azoospermia and Alcohol (drug)

Alpha blocker

Alpha-blockers, also known as α-blockers or α-adrenoreceptor antagonists, are a class of pharmacological agents that act as antagonists on α-adrenergic receptors (α-adrenoceptors).

See Azoospermia and Alpha blocker

American Society for Reproductive Medicine

The American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) is a nonprofit, multidisciplinary organization for advancement of the science and practice of reproductive medicine.

See Azoospermia and American Society for Reproductive Medicine

American Urological Association

The American Urological Association (AUA) is a professional association in the United States for urology professionals.

See Azoospermia and American Urological Association

The androgen receptor (AR), also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding any of the androgenic hormones, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus.

See Azoospermia and Androgen receptor

Anejaculation

Anejaculation is the pathological inability to ejaculate despite an erection in males, with (orgasmic) or without (''anorgasmic'') orgasm.

See Azoospermia and Anejaculation

Antibiotic

An antibiotic is a type of antimicrobial substance active against bacteria.

See Azoospermia and Antibiotic

Apoptosis

Apoptosis (from falling off) is a form of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms and in some eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms such as yeast.

See Azoospermia and Apoptosis

Aspermia

Aspermia is the complete lack of semen with ejaculation (not to be confused with azoospermia, the lack of sperm cells in the semen). Azoospermia and Aspermia are testicular infertility factors.

See Azoospermia and Aspermia

Azoospermia factor

Azoospermia factor (AZF) is one of several proteins or their genes, which are coded from the AZF region on the human male Y chromosome.

See Azoospermia and Azoospermia factor

BRCA2

BRCA2 and BRCA2 are human genes and their protein products, respectively.

See Azoospermia and BRCA2

BRD7

Bromodomain-containing protein 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD7 gene.

See Azoospermia and BRD7

Cannabis (drug)

Cannabis, also known as marijuana or weed, among other names, is a non-chemically uniform drug from the cannabis plant.

See Azoospermia and Cannabis (drug)

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard regimen.

See Azoospermia and Chemotherapy

Congenital absence of the vas deferens

Congenital absence of the vas deferens (CAVD) is a condition in which the vasa deferentia reproductive organs fail to form properly prior to birth.

See Azoospermia and Congenital absence of the vas deferens

Cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism, also known as undescended testis, is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum.

See Azoospermia and Cryptorchidism

Cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner that impairs the normal clearance of mucus from the lungs, which facilitates the colonization and infection of the lungs by bacteria, notably Staphylococcus aureus.

See Azoospermia and Cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a membrane protein and anion channel in vertebrates that is encoded by the CFTR gene.

See Azoospermia and Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

DAZ protein family

The DAZ (Deleted in AZoospermia) protein family is a group of three highly conserved RNA-binding proteins that are important in gametogenesis and meiosis.

See Azoospermia and DAZ protein family

Disease

A disease is a particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury.

See Azoospermia and Disease

DNA damage (naturally occurring)

DNA damage is an alteration in the chemical structure of DNA, such as a break in a strand of DNA, a nucleobase missing from the backbone of DNA, or a chemically changed base such as 8-OHdG.

See Azoospermia and DNA damage (naturally occurring)

DNA repair

DNA repair is a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.

See Azoospermia and DNA repair

Ejaculation

Ejaculation is the discharge of semen (the ejaculate; normally containing sperm) through the urethra in men.

See Azoospermia and Ejaculation

Ejaculatory duct obstruction

Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) is a pathological condition which is characterized by the obstruction of one or both ejaculatory ducts.

See Azoospermia and Ejaculatory duct obstruction

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone.

See Azoospermia and Follicle-stimulating hormone

Gametogenesis

Gametogenesis is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes.

See Azoospermia and Gametogenesis

Genetic counseling

Genetic counseling is the process of investigating individuals and families affected by or at risk of genetic disorders to help them understand and adapt to the medical, psychological and familial implications of genetic contributions to disease.

See Azoospermia and Genetic counseling

Genetic recombination

Genetic recombination (also known as genetic reshuffling) is the exchange of genetic material between different organisms which leads to production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent.

See Azoospermia and Genetic recombination

Genetic testing

Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure.

See Azoospermia and Genetic testing

Germline

In biology and genetics, the germline is the population of a multicellular organism's cells that develop into germ cells.

See Azoospermia and Germline

Gonadotropin

Gonadotropins are glycoprotein hormones secreted by gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary of vertebrates.

See Azoospermia and Gonadotropin

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a releasing hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary.

See Azoospermia and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Hormone therapy

Hormone therapy or hormonal therapy is the use of hormones in medical treatment.

See Azoospermia and Hormone therapy

Hyperprolactinaemia

Hyperprolactinemia is characterized by abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood.

See Azoospermia and Hyperprolactinaemia

Hypopituitarism

Hypopituitarism is the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the eight hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain.

See Azoospermia and Hypopituitarism

In vitro fertilisation

In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass").

See Azoospermia and In vitro fertilisation

Infertility

Infertility is the inability of an animal or plant to reproduce by natural means.

See Azoospermia and Infertility

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg.

See Azoospermia and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Kallmann syndrome

Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a genetic disorder that prevents a person from starting or fully completing puberty.

See Azoospermia and Kallmann syndrome

Karyotype

A karyotype is the general appearance of the complete set of chromosomes in the cells of a species or in an individual organism, mainly including their sizes, numbers, and shapes.

See Azoospermia and Karyotype

Klinefelter syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome (KS), also known as 47,XXY, is a chromosome anomaly where a male has an extra X chromosome.

See Azoospermia and Klinefelter syndrome

List of chemotherapeutic agents

This is a list of chemotherapeutic agents, also known as cytotoxic agents or cytostatic drugs, that are known to be of use in chemotherapy for cancer.

See Azoospermia and List of chemotherapeutic agents

Luteinizing hormone

Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as luteinising hormone, lutropin and sometimes lutrophin) is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland.

See Azoospermia and Luteinizing hormone

Male infertility

Male infertility refers to a sexually mature male's inability to impregnate a fertile female.

See Azoospermia and Male infertility

Mast cell

A mast cell (also known as a mastocyte or a labrocyte) is a resident cell of connective tissue that contains many granules rich in histamine and heparin.

See Azoospermia and Mast cell

MLH1

DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 or MutL protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH1 gene located on chromosome 3.

See Azoospermia and MLH1

MLH3

DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH3 gene.

See Azoospermia and MLH3

Mutation

In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA.

See Azoospermia and Mutation

Obesity

Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it can potentially have negative effects on health.

See Azoospermia and Obesity

Odds ratio

An odds ratio (OR) is a statistic that quantifies the strength of the association between two events, A and B. The odds ratio is defined as the ratio of the odds of event A taking place in the presence of B, the and odds of A in the absence of B. Due to symmetry, odds ratio reciprocally calculates the ratio of the odds of B occurring in the presence of A, and the odds of B in the absence of A.

See Azoospermia and Odds ratio

Oligospermia

Terms oligospermia, oligozoospermia, and low sperm count refer to semen with a low concentration of sperm and is a common finding in male infertility. Azoospermia and oligospermia are testicular infertility factors.

See Azoospermia and Oligospermia

Orchitis

Orchitis is inflammation of the testicles.

See Azoospermia and Orchitis

Overweight

Being overweight is having more body fat than is optimally healthy.

See Azoospermia and Overweight

Prader–Willi syndrome

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a loss of function of specific genes on chromosome 15.

See Azoospermia and Prader–Willi syndrome

Retrograde ejaculation

Retrograde ejaculation occurs when semen which would be ejaculated via the urethra is redirected to the urinary bladder.

See Azoospermia and Retrograde ejaculation

Risk factor

In epidemiology, a risk factor or determinant is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection.

See Azoospermia and Risk factor

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and other psychological conditions.

See Azoospermia and Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Semen

Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is a bodily fluid that contains spermatozoa.

See Azoospermia and Semen

Semen analysis

A semen analysis (plural: semen analyses), also called seminogram or spermiogram, evaluates certain characteristics of a male's semen and the sperm contained therein.

See Azoospermia and Semen analysis

Sertoli cell-only syndrome

Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS), also known as germ cell aplasia, is defined by azoospermia where the testicular seminiferous tubules are lined solely with sertoli cells.

See Azoospermia and Sertoli cell-only syndrome

Single-nucleotide polymorphism

In genetics and bioinformatics, a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; plural SNPs) is a germline substitution of a single nucleotide at a specific position in the genome.

See Azoospermia and Single-nucleotide polymorphism

Sperm

Sperm (sperm or sperms) is the male reproductive cell, or gamete, in anisogamous forms of sexual reproduction (forms in which there is a larger, female reproductive cell and a smaller, male one).

See Azoospermia and Sperm

Sperm motility

Sperm motility describes the ability of sperm to move properly through the female reproductive tract (internal fertilization) or through water (external fertilization) to reach the egg.

See Azoospermia and Sperm motility

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid spermatozoa develop from germ cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testicle.

See Azoospermia and Spermatogenesis

Statistical significance

In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when a result at least as "extreme" would be very infrequent if the null hypothesis were true.

See Azoospermia and Statistical significance

Sulfasalazine

Sulfasalazine, sold under the brand name Azulfidine among others, is a medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease.

See Azoospermia and Sulfasalazine

Testicle

A testicle or testis (testes) is the male gonad in all bilaterians, including humans.

See Azoospermia and Testicle

Testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is a surgical procedure in which a small portion of tissue is removed from the testicle and any viable sperm cells from that tissue are extracted for use in further procedures, most commonly intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) as part of in vitro fertilisation (IVF).

See Azoospermia and Testicular sperm extraction

Testis expressed 15

Testis expressed 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TEX15 gene.

See Azoospermia and Testis expressed 15

Testosterone

Testosterone is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males.

See Azoospermia and Testosterone

Testosterone (medication)

Testosterone (T) is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone.

See Azoospermia and Testosterone (medication)

Transcription (biology)

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

See Azoospermia and Transcription (biology)

Transrectal ultrasonography

Transrectal ultrasonography, or TRUS in short, is a method of creating an image of organs in the pelvis, most commonly used to perform an ultrasound-guided needle biopsy evaluation of the prostate gland in men with elevated prostate-specific antigen or prostatic nodules on digital rectal exam.

See Azoospermia and Transrectal ultrasonography

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azoospermia

Also known as Aspematogenesis, Aspermatogenesis, Azoospermic, Non-obstructive Azoospermia, Obstructive Azoospermia.

, Obesity, Odds ratio, Oligospermia, Orchitis, Overweight, Prader–Willi syndrome, Retrograde ejaculation, Risk factor, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Semen, Semen analysis, Sertoli cell-only syndrome, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Sperm, Sperm motility, Spermatogenesis, Statistical significance, Sulfasalazine, Testicle, Testicular sperm extraction, Testis expressed 15, Testosterone, Testosterone (medication), Transcription (biology), Transrectal ultrasonography, Underweight, Vas deferens, Vasectomy, Vasography, White blood cell, XX male syndrome, Y chromosome, Y chromosome microdeletion, 5α-Reductase inhibitor.

Azoospermia, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Testicular infertility factors

References