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Balangoda Man, the Glossary

Balangoda Man refers to hominins from Sri Lanka's late Quaternary period.^[1]

71 relations: Adam's Bridge, Adam's Peak, Anno Domini, Archaeology, Archaic humans, Australo-Melanesian, Balangoda, Banana, Batadombalena, Batatotalena Cave, Bead, Belilena Cave, Bone tool, Breadfruit, Brow ridge, Canarium, Carbonization, Celt (tool), Chert, Chibanian, Common Era, Continental shelf, Dagger, Early modern human, Fa Hien Cave, Fauna, Game (hunting), Hambantota District, Holocene, Hominidae, Hominini, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Horton Plains National Park, Hunter-gatherer, Indigenous peoples, International Union for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences, Kalutara, Kegalle, Kingdom of Kandy, Kitulgala, Kuruwita, Late Pleistocene, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Mesolithic, Microlith, Middle Paleolithic, Mollusca, Morphometrics, ... Expand index (21 more) »
Archaeology of Sri Lanka
Human remains (archaeological)

Adam's Bridge

Adam's Bridge, also known as Rama's Bridge or Rama Setu, is a chain of natural limestone shoals between Pamban Island, also known as Rameswaram Island, off the south-eastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the north-western coast of Sri Lanka.

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Adam's Peak

Adam's Peak is a tall conical sacred mountain located in central Sri Lanka.

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Anno Domini

The terms anno Domini. (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used when designating years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

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Archaeology

Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Archaic humans

Archaic humans is a broad category denoting all species of the genus Homo that are not Homo sapiens (which are known as modern humans).

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Australo-Melanesian

Australo-Melanesians (also known as Australasians or the Australomelanesoid, Australoid or Australioid race) is an outdated historical grouping of various people indigenous to Melanesia and Australia.

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Balangoda

Balangoda is a town in Ratnapura District, Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka, governed by an urban council located away from Colombo and from Ratnapura on Colombo - Batticaloa Highway(A4).

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Banana

A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa.

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Batadombalena

Batadombalena is an archaeological site with evidence of habitation from 8,000 years BCE, Balangoda Man, located from Colombo in Sri Lanka, a two-hour drive from Colombo.

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Batatotalena Cave

The Batatotalena (Batatota Cave), also known as the Diva Guhava (Day Cave) in Buddhist literature, is a cave system in Sudagala, away from the town of Kuruwita, in the Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka.

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Bead

A bead is a small, decorative object that is formed in a variety of shapes and sizes of a material such as stone, bone, shell, glass, plastic, wood, or pearl and with a small hole for threading or stringing.

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Belilena Cave

Belilena Cave (කිතුල්ගල බෙලි ලෙන) is a cave in Sri Lanka, located from the town of Kitulgala.

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In archaeology, a bone tool is a tool created from bone.

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Breadfruit

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a species of flowering tree in the mulberry and jackfruit family (Moraceae) believed to be a domesticated descendant of Artocarpus camansi originating in New Guinea, the Maluku Islands, and the Philippines. It was initially spread to Oceania via the Austronesian expansion.

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Brow ridge

The brow ridge, or supraorbital ridge known as superciliary arch in medicine, is a bony ridge located above the eye sockets of all primates and some other animals. In humans, the eyebrows are located on their lower margin.

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Canarium

Canarium is a genus of about 120 species of tropical and subtropical trees, in the family Burseraceae.

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Carbonization

Carbonization or carbonisation is the conversion of organic matters like plants and dead animal remains into carbon through destructive distillation.

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In archaeology, a celt is a long, thin, prehistoric, stone or bronze tool similar to an adze, hoe, or axe.

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Chert

Chert is a hard, fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline quartz, the mineral form of silicon dioxide (SiO2).

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Chibanian

The Chibanian, more widely known as Middle Pleistocene (its previous informal name), is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being a division of the Pleistocene Epoch within the ongoing Quaternary Period.

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Common Era

Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.

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Continental shelf

A continental shelf is a portion of a continent that is submerged under an area of relatively shallow water, known as a shelf sea.

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Dagger

A dagger is a fighting knife with a very sharp point and usually one or two sharp edges, typically designed or capable of being used as a cutting or thrusting weapon.

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Early modern human

Early modern human (EMH), or anatomically modern human (AMH), are terms used to distinguish Homo sapiens (the only extant Hominina species) that are anatomically consistent with the range of phenotypes seen in contemporary humans, from extinct archaic human species.

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Fa Hien Cave

Fa Hien Cave, Faxian Cave, or Pahiyangala Cave is situated in the district of Kalutara, Western Province, Sri Lanka and according to a rural legend, named after an alleged resident during historical times, namely Buddhist monk Faxian, previously romanized as Fa Hien.

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Fauna

Fauna (faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time.

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Game (hunting)

Game or quarry is any wild animal hunted for animal products (primarily meat), for recreation ("sporting"), or for trophies.

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Hambantota District

Hambantota District (හම්බන්තොට දිස්ත්‍රික්කය hambantoṭa distrikkaya; அம்பாந்தோட்டை மாவட்டம் Ampāntōṭṭai māvaṭṭam) is a district in Southern Province, Sri Lanka.

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Holocene

The Holocene is the current geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago.

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Hominidae

The Hominidae, whose members are known as the great apes or hominids, are a taxonomic family of primates that includes eight extant species in four genera: Pongo (the Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli orangutan); Gorilla (the eastern and western gorilla); Pan (the chimpanzee and the bonobo); and Homo, of which only modern humans (''Homo sapiens'') remain.

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Hominini

The Hominini (hominins) form a taxonomic tribe of the subfamily Homininae (hominines).

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Homo erectus

Homo erectus (meaning "upright man") is an extinct species of archaic human from the Pleistocene, with its earliest occurrence about 2 million years ago.

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Homo heidelbergensis

Homo heidelbergensis (also H. erectus heidelbergensis, H. sapiens heidelbergensis) is an extinct species or subspecies of archaic human which existed during the Middle Pleistocene.

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Horton Plains National Park

Horton Plains National Park (Hortan Thanna Jathika Udyanaya) is a national park in the central highlands of Sri Lanka that was designated in 1988.

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Hunter-gatherer

A hunter-gatherer or forager is a human living in a community, or according to an ancestrally derived lifestyle, in which most or all food is obtained by foraging, that is, by gathering food from local naturally occurring sources, especially wild edible plants but also insects, fungi, honey, bird eggs, or anything safe to eat, and/or by hunting game (pursuing and/or trapping and killing wild animals, including catching fish).

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Indigenous peoples

There is no generally accepted definition of Indigenous peoples, although in the 21st century the focus has been on self-identification, cultural difference from other groups in a state, a special relationship with their traditional territory, and an experience of subjugation and discrimination under a dominant cultural model.

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International Union for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences

The International Union for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (IUPPS) is a learned society, linked through the International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies to UNESCO, and concerned with the study of prehistory and protohistory.

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Kalutara

Kalutara (කළුතර, களுத்துறை) or Kalutota is a major city in Kalutara District, Western Province, Sri Lanka.

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Kegalle

Kegalle (කෑගල්ල; கேகாலை) is a large town in Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka.

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Kingdom of Kandy

The Kingdom of Kandy was a monarchy on the island of Sri Lanka, located in the central and eastern portion of the island.

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Kitulgala

Kitulgala is a small town in the west of Sri Lanka.

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Kuruwita

Kuruwita is a town in the Ratnapura District of Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka.

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Late Pleistocene

The Late Pleistocene is an unofficial age in the international geologic timescale in chronostratigraphy, also known as the Upper Pleistocene from a stratigraphic perspective.

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Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh (meaning 'central province') is a state in central India.

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Maharashtra

Maharashtra (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra) is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau.

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Mesolithic

The Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos 'middle' + λίθος, lithos 'stone') or Middle Stone Age is the Old World archaeological period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic.

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Microlith

A microlith is a small stone tool usually made of flint or chert and typically a centimetre or so in length and half a centimetre wide.

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Middle Paleolithic

The Middle Paleolithic (or Middle Palaeolithic) is the second subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Mollusca

Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals, after Arthropoda; members are known as molluscs or mollusks.

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Morphometrics

Morphometrics (from Greek μορϕή morphe, "shape, form", and -μετρία metria, "measurement") or morphometry refers to the quantitative analysis of form, a concept that encompasses size and shape.

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Narmada Human

The Narmada Human, originally the Narmada Man, is a species of extinct human that lived in central India during the Middle and Late Pleistocene.

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Neanderthal

Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis or H. sapiens neanderthalensis) are an extinct group of archaic humans (generally regarded as a distinct species, though some regard it as a subspecies of Homo sapiens) who lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago.

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Ochre

Ochre, iron ochre, or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand.

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Old World

The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe after 1493, when Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas.

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Paleontology

Paleontology, also spelled palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of life that existed prior to the start of the Holocene epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).

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Palk Strait

The Palk Strait (பாக்கு நீரிணை Pākku Nīriṇai, පෝක් සමුද්‍ර සන්ධිය Pok Samudra Sandhiya) is a strait between the Tamil Nadu state of India and the Jaffna District of the Northern Province of the island nation of Sri Lanka.

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Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala

Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala (1900–1976) was a Sri Lankan paleontologist, zoologist, and artist.

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Quartz

Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica (silicon dioxide).

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Quaternary

The Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).

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Radiometric dating

Radiometric dating, radioactive dating or radioisotope dating is a technique which is used to date materials such as rocks or carbon, in which trace radioactive impurities were selectively incorporated when they were formed.

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Ratnapura

Ratnapura ("City of Gems" in Sinhala and Tamil) is a major city in Sri Lanka.

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Sabaragamuwa Province

The Sabaragamuwa Province (සබරගමුව පළාත Sabaragamuwa Paḷāta, சபரகமுவ மாகாணம் Sabaragamuva Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.

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Sambar deer

The sambar (Rusa unicolor) is a large deer native to the Indian subcontinent, South China and Southeast Asia that is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List since 2008.

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Seriation (archaeology)

In archaeology, seriation is a relative dating method in which assemblages or artifacts from numerous sites in the same culture are placed in chronological order.

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Slash-and-burn

Slash-and-burn agriculture is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a field called a swidden.

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South Asia

South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka, historically known as Ceylon, and officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia.

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Stratum

In geology and related fields, a stratum (strata) is a layer of rock or sediment characterized by certain lithologic properties or attributes that distinguish it from adjacent layers from which it is separated by visible surfaces known as either bedding surfaces or bedding planes.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balangoda_Man

Also known as Balangoda Apeman, Balangoda Manawaya, Balangoda People.

, Narmada Human, Neanderthal, Ochre, Old World, Paleontology, Palk Strait, Paulus Edward Pieris Deraniyagala, Quartz, Quaternary, Radiometric dating, Ratnapura, Sabaragamuwa Province, Sambar deer, Seriation (archaeology), Slash-and-burn, South Asia, Sri Lanka, Stratum, Uva Province, Vedda, Waulpane Cave.

Balangoda Man, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Archaeology of Sri Lanka

Human remains (archaeological)

References