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Battle of Calven, the Glossary

The Battle of Calven (Romansh: Chalavaina) took place on 22 May 1499 at the exit of the Val Müstair in the Grisons (now part of Switzerland) to the Vinschgau in County of Tyrol (now part of Italy) between the forces of King Maximilian I of the House of Habsburg and those of the free federation of the Three Leagues of the Grisons.^[1]

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58 relations: Advocatus, Alps, Benedikt Fontana, Bern, Bianca Maria Sforza, Burgeis, Canton of Uri, Capol, Chur, County of Tyrol, Davos, Duchy of Milan, Engadin, Flanking maneuver, France, Frontal assault, Fuorn Pass, Glarus, Glurns, Grisons, High, middle and low justice, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Empire, House of Habsburg, Italian Wars, Italy, Lake Constance, Landeck, Landsknecht, League of God's House, Letzi, Luzerner Schilling, Mals, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, Müstair, Merano, Old Swiss Confederacy, PDF, Prince-Bishopric of Chur, Romansh language, Saint John Abbey, Müstair, Samedan, Sigismund, Archduke of Austria, Status quo ante bellum, Swabian League, Swabian War, Switzerland, Taufers im Münstertal, Theater (warfare), Thirty Years' War, ... Expand index (8 more) »
Battles involving Switzerland
Swabian War

Advocatus

During the Middle Ages, an (sometimes given as modern English: advocate; German:; French) was an office-holder who was legally delegated to perform some of the secular responsibilities of a major feudal lord, or for an institution such as an abbey.

See Battle of Calven and Advocatus

Alps

The Alps are one of the highest and most extensive mountain ranges in Europe, stretching approximately across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): Monaco, France, Switzerland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Germany, Austria and Slovenia.

See Battle of Calven and Alps

Benedikt Fontana

Benedikt Fontana (c. 1450 – 22 May 1499) was a Romansh bailiff and minister who allegedly died a heroic death during the Battle of Calven in 1499, in present-day Grisons, Switzerland.

See Battle of Calven and Benedikt Fontana

Bern

Bern, or Berne,Bärn; Bèrna; Berna; Berna.

See Battle of Calven and Bern

Bianca Maria Sforza

Bianca Maria Sforza (5 April 1472 – 31 December 1510) was Queen of Germany and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire as the third spouse of Maximilian I. She was the eldest legitimate daughter of Duke Galeazzo Maria Sforza of Milan by his second wife, Bona of Savoy.

See Battle of Calven and Bianca Maria Sforza

Burgeis

Burgeis (Burgusio, Barbusch) is the largest frazione of the comune of Mals, Italy, and sits at an altitude of 1216m in Vinschgau in South Tyrol beneath the mountain Watles (2557) on the upper reaches of the Adige.

See Battle of Calven and Burgeis

Canton of Uri

The canton of Uri (Kanton Uri Chantun Uri; Canton d'Uri.; Canton Uri.) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and a founding member of the Swiss Confederation.

See Battle of Calven and Canton of Uri

Capol

The Capol family is an old Swiss noble family from the canton of Grisons.

See Battle of Calven and Capol

Chur

Chur ((locally) or; Coira; Cuera; Cuoira; Cuira; Coira; Cuera or Cuira; Coire)CVRIA, CVRIA RHAETORVM and CVRIA RAETORVM.

See Battle of Calven and Chur

County of Tyrol

The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140.

See Battle of Calven and County of Tyrol

Davos

Davos (or; help; Old Tavate) is an Alpine resort town and a municipality in the Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland.

See Battle of Calven and Davos

Duchy of Milan

The Duchy of Milan (Ducato di Milano; Ducaa de Milan) was a state in Northern Italy, created in 1395 by Gian Galeazzo Visconti, then the lord of Milan, and a member of the important Visconti family, which had been ruling the city since 1277.

See Battle of Calven and Duchy of Milan

Engadin

The Engadin or Engadine (help;This is the name in the two Romansh idioms that are spoken in the Engadin, Vallader and Puter, as well as in Sursilvan and Rumantsch Grischun. In Surmiran, the name is Nagiadegna, and in Sutsilvan, it is Gidegna. help; Engadina; Engadine) is a long high Alpine valley region in the eastern Swiss Alps in the canton of Graubünden in southeasternmost Switzerland with about 25,000 inhabitants.

See Battle of Calven and Engadin

Flanking maneuver

In military tactics, a flanking maneuver is a movement of an armed force around an enemy force's side, or flank, to achieve an advantageous position over it.

See Battle of Calven and Flanking maneuver

France

France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe.

See Battle of Calven and France

Frontal assault

A frontal assault is a military tactic which involves a direct, full-force attack on the front line of an enemy force, rather than to the flanks or rear of the enemy.

See Battle of Calven and Frontal assault

Fuorn Pass

Fuorn Pass or Ofen Pass (Romansh: Pass dal Fuorn, Ofenpass, Passo del Forno) (el. 2149 m.) is a high alpine mountain pass in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

See Battle of Calven and Fuorn Pass

Glarus

Glarus (Glaris; Glaris; Glarona; Glaruna) is the capital of the canton of Glarus in Switzerland.

See Battle of Calven and Glarus

Glurns

Glurns (Glorenza) is an urban comune (Stadt) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about northwest of Bolzano.

See Battle of Calven and Glurns

Grisons

The Grisons or Graubünden,Names include.

See Battle of Calven and Grisons

High, middle and low justice

High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judicial power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents.

See Battle of Calven and High, middle and low justice

Holy Roman Emperor

The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Imperator Romanorum, Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period (Imperator Germanorum, Roman-German emperor), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.

See Battle of Calven and Holy Roman Emperor

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.

See Battle of Calven and Holy Roman Empire

House of Habsburg

The House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.

See Battle of Calven and House of Habsburg

Italian Wars

The Italian Wars were a series of conflicts fought between 1494 and 1559, mostly in the Italian Peninsula, but later expanding into Flanders, the Rhineland and Mediterranean Sea.

See Battle of Calven and Italian Wars

Italy

Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe.

See Battle of Calven and Italy

Lake Constance

Lake Constance (Bodensee) refers to three bodies of water on the Rhine at the northern foot of the Alps: Upper Lake Constance (Obersee), Lower Lake Constance (Untersee), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein.

See Battle of Calven and Lake Constance

Landeck

Landeck is a city in the Austrian state of Tyrol, the capital of the district of Landeck.

See Battle of Calven and Landeck

Landsknecht

The Landsknechte (singular: Landsknecht), also rendered as Landsknechts or Lansquenets, were German mercenaries used in pike and shot formations during the early modern period.

See Battle of Calven and Landsknecht

League of God's House

The League of God's House (German: Gotteshausbund, Italian: Lega Caddea, Lia da la Chadé) was formed in what is now Switzerland on 29 January 1367, to resist the rising power of the Bishopric of Chur and the House of Habsburg.

See Battle of Calven and League of God's House

Letzi

A Letzi (plural: Letzinen, also known in German as a Talsperre in the sense of a fortification, not a dam) or Letzimauer refers to defensive barriers whose purpose is to protect the entrance into a valley.

See Battle of Calven and Letzi

Luzerner Schilling

The Luzerner Schilling (or Luzernerchronik, Lucerne chronicle) is an illuminated manuscript of 1513, containing the chronicle of the history of the Swiss Confederation written by Diebold Schilling the Younger of Lucerne.

See Battle of Calven and Luzerner Schilling

Mals

Mals (Malles Venosta) is a comune (municipality) and a village in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about northwest of Bolzano, on the border with Switzerland and Austria.

See Battle of Calven and Mals

Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death in 1519.

See Battle of Calven and Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor

Müstair

Müstair myʃtɐir is a village in the Val Müstair municipality in the district of Inn in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

See Battle of Calven and Müstair

Merano

Merano or Meran is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol, Northern Italy.

See Battle of Calven and Merano

Old Swiss Confederacy

The Old Swiss Confederacy, also known as Switzerland or the Swiss Confederacy, was a loose confederation of independent small states (cantons, German or), initially within the Holy Roman Empire.

See Battle of Calven and Old Swiss Confederacy

PDF

Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

See Battle of Calven and PDF

Prince-Bishopric of Chur

The Prince-Bishopric of Chur (Hochstift Chur, Fürstbistum Chur, Bistum Chur) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire, and had Imperial immediacy.

See Battle of Calven and Prince-Bishopric of Chur

Romansh language

Romansh is a Gallo-Romance language spoken predominantly in the Swiss canton of the Grisons (Graubünden).

See Battle of Calven and Romansh language

Saint John Abbey, Müstair

The Abbey of Saint John (Benediktinerinnenkloster St.; Claustra benedictina da Son Jon) is an early medieval Benedictine monastery in the Swiss municipality of Val Müstair, in the Canton of Graubünden.

See Battle of Calven and Saint John Abbey, Müstair

Samedan

Samedan is a town and municipality in the Maloja Region in the Swiss canton of Grisons.

See Battle of Calven and Samedan

Sigismund, Archduke of Austria

Sigismund (26 October 1427 – 4 March 1496), a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria from 1439 (elevated to Archduke in 1477) until his death.

See Battle of Calven and Sigismund, Archduke of Austria

Status quo ante bellum

The term status quo ante bellum is a Latin phrase meaning "the situation as it existed before the war".

See Battle of Calven and Status quo ante bellum

Swabian League

The Swabian League (Schwäbischer Bund) was a military alliance of imperial estates – imperial cities, prelates, principalities and knights – principally in the territory of the early medieval stem duchy of Swabia established in 1488.

See Battle of Calven and Swabian League

Swabian War

The Swabian War of 1499 (Schwoobechrieg (spelling depending on dialect), called Schwabenkrieg or Schweizerkrieg ("Swiss War") in Germany and ("War of the Engadin" in Austria) was the last major armed conflict between the Old Swiss Confederacy and the House of Habsburg. What had begun as a local conflict over the control of the Val Müstair and the Umbrail Pass in the Grisons soon got out of hand when both parties called upon their allies for help; the Habsburgs demanding the support of the Swabian League, while the Federation of the Three Leagues of the Grisons turning to the Swiss Eidgenossenschaft.

See Battle of Calven and Swabian War

Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe.

See Battle of Calven and Switzerland

Taufers im Münstertal

Taufers im Münstertal (Tubre; Tuer) is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about west of the city of Bolzano, on the border with Switzerland.

See Battle of Calven and Taufers im Münstertal

Theater (warfare)

In warfare, a theater or theatre is an area in which important military events occur or are in progress.

See Battle of Calven and Theater (warfare)

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.

See Battle of Calven and Thirty Years' War

Three Leagues

The Three Leagues, sometimes referred to as Raetia, was the 1471 alliance between the League of God's House, the League of the Ten Jurisdictions, and the Grey League.

See Battle of Calven and Three Leagues

Treaty of Basel (1499)

The Treaty of Basel of 22 September 1499 was an armistice following the Battle of Dornach, concluding the Swabian War, fought between the Swabian League and the Old Swiss Confederacy. Battle of Calven and Treaty of Basel (1499) are Swabian War.

See Battle of Calven and Treaty of Basel (1499)

Umbrail Pass

Umbrail Pass (in Giogo di Santa Maria) is a high mountain pass (elevation) on the Swiss-Italian border connecting Santa Maria in Val Müstair with Bormio in the Adda valley.

See Battle of Calven and Umbrail Pass

Val Müstair

Val Müstair (Münstertal) is a municipality in the Engiadina Bassa/Val Müstair Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

See Battle of Calven and Val Müstair

Vinschgau

The Vinschgau, Vintschgau or Vinschgau Valley (Val Venosta; Vnuost; Val Venuesta; medieval toponym: Finsgowe) is the upper part of the Adige or Etsch river valley, in the western part of the province of South Tyrol, Italy.

See Battle of Calven and Vinschgau

Willibald Pirckheimer

Willibald Pirckheimer (5 December 1470 – 22 December 1530) was a German Renaissance lawyer, author and Renaissance humanist, a wealthy and prominent figure in Nuremberg in the 16th century, imperial counsellor and a member of the governing City Council for two periods.

See Battle of Calven and Willibald Pirckheimer

Zuoz

Zuoz is a municipality in the Maloja Region in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

See Battle of Calven and Zuoz

Zurich

Zurich (Zürich) is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich.

See Battle of Calven and Zurich

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Calven

, Three Leagues, Treaty of Basel (1499), Umbrail Pass, Val Müstair, Vinschgau, Willibald Pirckheimer, Zuoz, Zurich.

Battle of Calven, the Glossary

Table of Contents

See also

Battles involving Switzerland

Swabian War

References