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Battle of Shanghai, the Glossary

The Battle of Shanghai was a major urban battle fought between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China in the Chinese city of Shanghai during the Second Sino-Japanese War.^[1]

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177 relations: Alexander von Falkenhausen, Anti-aircraft warfare, Anti-tank warfare, Armour, Artillery, Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Bai Chongxi, Baoshan, Shanghai, Battalion, Battle of Gettysburg, Battle of Nanking, Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of Taiyuan, Battle of the Somme, Battle of Verdun, Battle of Wuhan, Blockade, Boeing P-26 Peashooter, Bombardment, Brussels, Burma Road, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Carden Loyd tankette, Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company, Central China Area Army, Chen Cheng, Chen Shaokuan, Chiang Kai-shek, Children in the military, Chongqing, Counterattack, Curtiss BF2C Goshawk, Curtiss F11C Goshawk, Defense of Sihang Warehouse, Defense of the Great Wall, Edgar Snow, Empire of Japan, Encirclement, Events preceding World War II in Asia, Feng Yuxiang, Flamethrower, Franklin D. Roosevelt, French cruiser Lamotte-Picquet, Fumimaro Konoe, Great Way Government, Great World, Grenade, Gu Zhutong, ... Expand index (127 more) »
1937 in Japan
1937 in Shanghai
Invasions by Japan
Invasions of China
Shanghai in World War II

Alexander von Falkenhausen

Alexander Ernst Alfred Hermann Freiherr von Falkenhausen (29 October 187831 July 1966) was a German general and military advisor to Chiang Kai-shek.

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Anti-aircraft warfare

Anti-aircraft warfare is the counter to aerial warfare and it includes "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action" (NATO's definition).

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Anti-tank warfare

Anti-tank warfare originated during World War I from the desire to develop technology and tactics to destroy tanks.

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Armour (Commonwealth English) or armor (American English; see spelling differences) is a covering used to protect an object, individual, or vehicle from physical injury or damage, especially direct contact weapons or projectiles during combat, or from a potentially dangerous environment or activity (e.g.

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Artillery

Artillery are ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms.

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Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

On 6 and 9 August 1945, the United States detonated two atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

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Bai Chongxi

Bai Chongxi (18 March 1893 – 2 December 1966;,, Xiao'erjing: ﺑَﻰْ ﭼْﻮ ثِ) was a Chinese general in the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China (ROC) and a prominent Chinese Nationalist leader.

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Baoshan, Shanghai

Baoshan is a suburban district of Shanghai.

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Battalion

A battalion is a military unit, typically consisting of up to one thousand soldiers commanded by a lieutenant colonel and subdivided into a number of companies, each typically commanded by a major or a captain.

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Battle of Gettysburg

The Battle of Gettysburg was a three-day battle in the American Civil War fought between Union and Confederate forces between July 1 and July 3, 1863, in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

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Battle of Nanking

The Battle of Nanking (or Nanjing) was fought in early December 1937 during the Second Sino-Japanese War between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army for control of Nanjing (Nanking), the capital of the Republic of China. Battle of Shanghai and Battle of Nanking are 1937 in Japan, battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War and conflicts in 1937.

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Battle of Stalingrad

The Battle of StalingradSchlacht von Stalingrad see; p (17 July 19422 February 1943) was a major battle on the Eastern Front of World War II, beginning when Nazi Germany and its Axis allies attacked and became locked in a protracted struggle with the Soviet Union for control over the Soviet city of Stalingrad in southern Russia. Battle of Shanghai and battle of Stalingrad are urban warfare.

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Battle of Taiyuan

The Japanese offensive called 太原作戦 or the Battle of Taiyuan was a major battle fought in 1937 between China and Japan named for Taiyuan (the capital of Shanxi province), which lay in the 2nd Military Region. Battle of Shanghai and battle of Taiyuan are 1937 in Japan, battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War and conflicts in 1937.

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Battle of the Somme

The Battle of the Somme (Bataille de la Somme; Schlacht an der Somme), also known as the Somme offensive, was a major battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and the French Third Republic against the German Empire.

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Battle of Verdun

The Battle of Verdun (Bataille de Verdun; Schlacht um Verdun) was fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916 on the Western Front in France.

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Battle of Wuhan

The Battle of Wuhan, popularly known to the Chinese as the Defence of Wuhan, and to the Japanese as the Capture of Wuhan, was a large-scale battle of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Battle of Shanghai and battle of Wuhan are battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Blockade

A blockade is the act of actively preventing a country or region from receiving or sending out food, supplies, weapons, or communications, and sometimes people, by military force.

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Boeing P-26 Peashooter

The Boeing P-26 "Peashooter" was the first American production all-metal fighter aircraft and the first pursuit monoplane to enter squadron service with the United States Army Air Corps.

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Bombardment

A bombardment is an attack by artillery fire or by dropping bombs from aircraft on fortifications, combatants, or cities and buildings.

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Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium.

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Burma Road

The Burma Road was a road linking Burma (now known as Myanmar) with southwest China.

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Cambridge

Cambridge is a city and non-metropolitan district in the county of Cambridgeshire, England.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

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Cambridge, Massachusetts

Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.

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Carden Loyd tankette

The Carden Loyd tankettes were a series of British tankettes of the period between the World Wars, the most successful of which was the Mark VI, the only version built in significant numbers.

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Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company

The Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company (CAMCO), also known as the Loiwing Factory (雷允飛機製造廠) after they moved to Yunnan, was a Chinese aircraft manufacturer established by American entrepreneur William D. Pawley in the 1930s.

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Central China Area Army

The was an area army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Chen Cheng

Chen Cheng (January 4, 1898 – March 5, 1965), courtesy name Tsi-siou, was a Chinese political and military leader, and one of the main commanders of the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War.

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Chen Shaokuan

Chen Shaokuan (October 7, 1889 – July 30, 1969) was a Chinese Fleet Admiral who served as the senior commander of Chinese naval forces of the National Revolutionary Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.

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Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 18875 April 1975) was a Chinese statesman, revolutionary, and military commander.

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Children in the military

Children in the military, including state armed forces, non-state armed groups, and other military organizations, may be trained for combat, assigned to support roles, such as cooks, porters/couriers, or messengers, or used for tactical advantage such as for human shields, or for political advantage in propaganda.

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Chongqing

Chongqing is a municipality in Southwestern China.

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Counterattack

A counterattack is a tactic employed in response to an attack, with the term originating in "war games".

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Curtiss BF2C Goshawk

The Curtiss BF2C Goshawk (Model 67) was a United States 1930s naval biplane aircraft that saw limited success and was part of a long line of Hawk Series airplanes made by the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company for the American military, and for export as the Model 68 Hawk III.

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Curtiss F11C Goshawk

The Curtiss F11C Goshawk is an American naval biplane fighter aircraft that saw limited success.

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Defense of Sihang Warehouse

The Battle of Sihang Warehouse took place from October 26 to November 1, 1937, and marked the beginning of the end of the three-month Battle of Shanghai in the opening phase of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Battle of Shanghai and Defense of Sihang Warehouse are 1937 in Japan, 1937 in Shanghai, battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War, conflicts in 1937 and Shanghai in World War II.

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Defense of the Great Wall

The defense of the Great Wall (January 1 – May 31, 1933) was a campaign between the armies of Republic of China and Empire of Japan, which took place before the Second Sino-Japanese War officially commenced in 1937 and after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. Battle of Shanghai and defense of the Great Wall are battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Edgar Snow

Edgar Parks Snow (July 19, 1905 – February 15, 1972) was an American journalist known for his books and articles on communism in China and the Chinese Communist Revolution.

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Empire of Japan

The Empire of Japan, also referred to as the Japanese Empire, Imperial Japan, or simply Japan, was the Japanese nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the reformed Constitution of Japan in 1947.

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Encirclement

Encirclement is a military term for the situation when a force or target is isolated and surrounded by enemy forces.

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Events preceding World War II in Asia

This article is concerned with the events that preceded World War II in Asia.

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Feng Yuxiang

Feng Yuxiang (6 November 1882 – 1 September 1948), courtesy name Huanzhang (焕章), was a Chinese warlord and a leader of the Republic of China from Chaohu, Anhui.

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Flamethrower

A flamethrower is a ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable jet of fire.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), commonly known by his initials FDR, was an American politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

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French cruiser Lamotte-Picquet

Lamotte-Picquet was a French light cruiser, launched in 1924, and named in honour of the 18th century admiral count Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte.

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Fumimaro Konoe

was a Japanese politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1937 to 1939 and from 1940 to 1941.

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Great Way Government

The Great Way or Dadao Government, formally the Great Way Municipal Government of Shanghai, was a short-lived puppet government proclaimed in Pudong on December 5, 1937, to administer Japanese-occupied Shanghai in the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War. Battle of Shanghai and Great Way Government are 1937 in Shanghai.

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Great World

The Great World is an amusement arcade and entertainment complex located in Shanghai, China.

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Grenade

A grenade is an explosive weapon typically thrown by hand (also called hand grenade), but can also refer to a shell (explosive projectile) shot from the muzzle of a rifle (as a rifle grenade) or a grenade launcher.

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Gu Zhutong

Gu Zhutong (or Wade-Giles Ku Chu-tung; 1893 – January 17, 1987), courtesy name Moshan (墨山), was a military general and administrator of the Republic of China.

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Guangxi Army

The Guangxi Army was an army raised by the Qing dynasty (China) to fight in the Sino-French War during the Tonkin Campaign.

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Hangzhou Bay

Hangzhou Bay is a funnel-shaped inlet of the East China Sea, bordered by the province of Zhejiang and the municipality of Shanghai, which lies north of the Bay.

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Hangzhou Jianqiao Airport

Hangzhou Jianqiao Airport (or Hangzhou Air Base), formerly romanized as Chien Chiao, is a People's Liberation Army Air Force Base in Hangzhou, the capital city of East China's Zhejiang province.

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Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

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Heisuke Yanagawa

was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II.

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Henan

Henan is an inland province of China.

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Hirohito

Hirohito (29 April 19017 January 1989), posthumously honored as Emperor Shōwa, was the 124th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 1926 until his death in 1989.

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History of Chinese currency

The history of Chinese currency spans more than 3000 years.

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Hongkou, Shanghai

Hongkou (formerly spelled Hongkew) is a district of Shanghai, forming part of the northern urban core.

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Howitzer

The howitzer is an artillery weapon that falls between a cannon (or field gun) and a mortar.

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Hu Shih

Hu Shih (17 December 189124 February 1962) was a Chinese diplomat, essayist and fiction writer, literary scholar, philosopher, and politician.

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Huanggutun incident

The Huanggutun incident, also known as the, was the assassination of the Fengtian warlord and Generalissimo of the Military Government of China Zhang Zuolin near Shenyang on 4 June 1928.

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Huangpu River

The Huangpu, formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai.

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Human shield

A human shield is a non-combatant (or a group of non-combatants) who either volunteers or is forced to shield a legitimate military target in order to deter the enemy from attacking it.

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Imperial General Headquarters

The was part of the Supreme War Council and was established in 1893 to coordinate efforts between the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy during wartime.

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Imperial House of Japan

The is the dynasty and imperial family of Japan, consisting of those members of the extended family of the reigning emperor of Japan who undertake official and public duties.

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Imperial Japanese Army

The (IJA) was the principal ground force of the Empire of Japan.

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Imperial Japanese Navy

The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國海軍 Shinjitai: 大日本帝国海軍 'Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire', or 日本海軍 Nippon Kaigun, 'Japanese Navy') was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's surrender in World War II.

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International sanctions

International sanctions are political and economic decisions that are part of diplomatic efforts by countries, multilateral or regional organizations against states or organizations either to protect national security interests, or to protect international law, and defend against threats to international peace and security.

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Iwane Matsui

was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and the commander of the expeditionary force sent to China in 1937.

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January 28 incident

The January 28 incident or Shanghai incident (January 28 – March 3, 1932) was a conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. Battle of Shanghai and January 28 incident are battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Shanghai has a Japanese expatriate group, particularly in the Gubei area of Changning District, which houses the majority of Japanese expatriates in Shanghai.

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Japanese cruiser Izumo

was the lead ship of her class of armored cruisers (Sōkō jun'yōkan) built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1890s.

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Japanese invasion of Manchuria

The Empire of Japan's Kwantung Army invaded the Manchuria region of the Republic of China on 18 September 1931, immediately following the Mukden incident. Battle of Shanghai and Japanese invasion of Manchuria are battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War, invasions by Japan and invasions of China.

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Jiading, Shanghai

Jiading is a suburban district of Shanghai.

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Jiangsu

Jiangsu is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China.

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Jiangyin

Jiangyin (Jiangyin dialect) is a county-level city on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, and is administered by Wuxi, Jiangsu province.

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Jinan incident

The Jinan incident (；済南事件; formerly romanised Tsinan) or 3 May Tragedy began as a 3 May 1928 dispute between Chiang Kai-shek's National Revolutionary Army (NRA) and Japanese soldiers and civilians in Jinan, the capital of Shandong province in China, which then escalated into an armed conflict between the NRA and the Imperial Japanese Army.

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Jonathan Fenby

Jonathan Fenby CBE (born 11 November 1942) is a British writer, analyst, historian and journalist who edited major newspapers in Britain and Asia.

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Kesago Nakajima

was a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War, Japanese forces under Nakajima's command committed the 1937 Nanjing Massacre.

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Kill zone

In military tactics, the kill zone, also known as killing zone, is an area entirely covered by direct and effective fire, an element of ambush within which an approaching enemy force is trapped and destroyed.

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Kiyoshi Hasegawa (admiral)

Incorporates information and translations from the corresponding article in the Japanese Wikipedia Admiral was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy and the 18th Governor-General of Taiwan during most of the Pacific War, serving from December 1940 to December 1944.

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Kunshan

Kunshan is a county-level city in southeastern Jiangsu province with Shanghai bordering its eastern border and Suzhou on its western boundary.

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L3/35

The L3/35 or Carro Veloce CV-35 was an Italian tankette that saw combat before and during World War II.

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Land mine

A land mine, or landmine, is an explosive weapon concealed under or camouflaged on the ground, and designed to destroy or disable enemy targets, ranging from combatants to vehicles and tanks, as they pass over or near it.

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League of Nations

The League of Nations (LN or LoN; Société des Nations, SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace.

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Leichter Panzerspähwagen

The Leichter Panzerspähwagen (German: "light armoured reconnaissance vehicle") was a series of light four-wheel drive armoured cars produced by Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1944.

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Li Zongren

Li Zongren (13 August 1890 – 30 January 1969; also known as Li Tsung-jen), courtesy name Telin (Te-lin), was a prominent Chinese warlord based in Guangxi and Kuomintang (KMT) military commander during the Northern Expedition, Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War.

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List of German-trained divisions of the National Revolutionary Army

The German trained divisions (德械師, literally German-equipped divisions) were the elite-quality, best trained and equipped infantry divisions in the Republic of China's National Revolutionary Army trained under Sino-German cooperation from 1926 to 1941.

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List of World War II aces from China

This is a list of fighter aces in World War II from China, officially the Republic of China.

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Logistics

Logistics is the part of supply chain management that deals with the efficient forward and reverse flow of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption according to the needs of customers.

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Luodian, Shanghai

Luodian is a town in Baoshan District about from central Shanghai, China.

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Machine gun

A machine gun (MG) is a fully automatic and rifled firearm designed for sustained direct fire with rifle cartridges.

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Marco Polo Bridge incident

The Marco Polo Bridge incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge incident or the July 7 incident, was a battle during July 1937 in the district of Beijing between the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China's and the Imperial Japanese Army. Battle of Shanghai and Marco Polo Bridge incident are 1937 in Japan, battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War and conflicts in 1937.

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Mortar (weapon)

A mortar today is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded cannon, consisting of a smooth-bore (although some models use a rifled barrel) metal tube fixed to a base plate (to spread out the recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight.

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Mukden incident

The Mukden incident was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Battle of Shanghai and Mukden incident are battles of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Nanjing

Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu province in eastern China. The city has 11 districts, an administrative area of, and a population of 9,423,400. Situated in the Yangtze River Delta region, Nanjing has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having served as the capital of various Chinese dynasties, kingdoms and republican governments dating from the 3rd century to 1949, and has thus long been a major center of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism, being the home to one of the world's largest inland ports.

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Nanjing Road

Nanjing Road (Shanghainese: Noecin Lu) is a road in Shanghai, the eastern part of which is the main shopping district of Shanghai.

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National Revolutionary Army

The National Revolutionary Army (NRA), sometimes shortened to Revolutionary Army before 1928, and as National Army after 1928, was the military arm of the Kuomintang (KMT, or the Chinese Nationalist Party) from 1925 until 1947 in China during the Republican era.

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Nine Power Treaty Conference

The Nine-Power Treaty Conference or Brussels Conference was convened in late October 1937 as a meeting for the signatories of the Nine Power Treaty to consider "peaceable means" for hastening the end of the renewed conflict between China and Japan, that had broken out in July.

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Nine-Power Treaty

The Nine-Power Treaty or Nine-Power Agreement was a 1922 treaty affirming the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of China as per the Open Door Policy.

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No quarter

No quarter, during military conflict, implies that combatants would not be taken prisoner, but killed.

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Observation balloon

An observation balloon is a type of balloon that is employed as an aerial platform for gathering intelligence and spotting artillery.

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Osprey Publishing

Osprey Publishing is a British publishing company specializing in military history based in Oxford.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Panzer I

The Panzer I was a light tank produced by Nazi Germany in the 1930s.

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President of the United States

The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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Press conference

A press conference, also called news conference or press briefing, is a media event in which notable individuals or organizations invite journalists to hear them speak and ask questions.

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Prime Minister of Japan

The prime minister of Japan (Japanese: 内閣総理大臣, Hepburn: Naikaku Sōri-Daijin) is the head of government and the highest political position of Japan.

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Prince Yasuhiko Asaka

was the founder of a collateral branch of the Japanese Imperial Family and a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Japanese invasion of China and the Second World War.

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Quarantine Speech

The Quarantine Speech was a speech given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in Chicago on October 5, 1937.

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Rana Mitter

Rana Shantashil Rajyeswar Mitter (born 11 August 1969) is a British historian and political scientist of Indian descent who specialises in the History of the People's Republic of China.

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Reconnaissance

In military operations, military reconnaissance or scouting is the exploration of an area by military forces to obtain information about enemy forces, the terrain, and civil activities in the area of operations.

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Regiment

A regiment is a military unit.

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Republic of China (1912–1949)

The Republic of China (ROC), or simply China, as a sovereign state was based on mainland China from 1912 to 1949, when the government retreated to Taiwan, where it continues to be based.

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Republic of China Air Force

The Republic of China Air Force (ROCAF; known historically as the Chinese Air Force and colloquially as the Taiwanese Air Force) is the military aviation branch of the Republic of China Armed Forces, based in Taiwan since 1947.

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Republic of China Military Academy

The Republic of China Military Academy, also known as the Chinese Military Academy (CMA), is the service academy for the army.

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Richard B. Frank

Richard B. Frank (born November 11, 1947) is an American lawyer and military historian.

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Scorched earth

A scorched-earth policy is a military strategy of destroying everything that allows an enemy military force to be able to fight a war, including the deprivation and destruction of water, food, humans, animals, plants and any kind of tools and infrastructure.

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Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was fought between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945, following a period of war localized to Manchuria that started in 1931. Battle of Shanghai and Second Sino-Japanese War are conflicts in 1937, invasions by Japan and invasions of China.

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Senshi Sōsho

The, also called the, is the official military history of Imperial Japan's involvement in the Pacific War from 1937 to 1945.

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Shanghai

Shanghai is a direct-administered municipality and the most populous urban area in China.

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Shanghai Expeditionary Army

The was a corps-level ad hoc Japanese army in the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Shanghai French Concession

The Shanghai French Concession was a foreign concession in Shanghai, China from 1849 until 1943, which progressively expanded in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Shanghai Ghetto

The Shanghai Ghetto, formally known as the Restricted Sector for Stateless Refugees, was an area of approximately in the Hongkou district of Japanese-occupied Shanghai (the ghetto was located in the southern Hongkou and southwestern Yangpu districts which formed part of the Shanghai International Settlement). Battle of Shanghai and Shanghai Ghetto are Shanghai in World War II.

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Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport

Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is one of two international airports of Shanghai, the largest city by population in China, and a significant airline hub of the country.

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Shanghai International Settlement

The Shanghai International Settlement originated from the merger in the year 1863 of the British and American enclaves in Shanghai, in which British and American citizens would enjoy extraterritoriality and consular jurisdiction under the terms of unequal treaties agreed by both parties.

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Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

The Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact was signed in Nanjing on August 21, 1937, between the Republic of China and the Soviet Union during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Smoke screen

A smoke screen is smoke released to mask the movement or location of military units such as infantry, tanks, aircraft, or ships.

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Songjiang, Shanghai

Songjiang is a suburban district (formerly a county) of Shanghai.

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Soviet invasion of Manchuria

The Soviet invasion of Manchuria, formally known as the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation or simply the Manchurian Operation, began on 9 August 1945 with the Soviet invasion of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo.

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Special Naval Landing Forces

The Special Naval Landing Forces (SNLF; Kaigun Tokubetsu Rikusentai) were the marines of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and were a part of the IJN land forces.

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St. Petersburg, Florida

St.

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Stanford University Press

Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University.

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Strafing

Strafing is the military practice of attacking ground targets from low-flying aircraft using aircraft-mounted automatic weapons.

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Suicide attack

A suicide attack is a deliberate attack in which the perpetrators knowingly sacrifice their own lives as part of the attack.

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Suzhou

Suzhou (Suzhounese: ''sou¹ tseu¹'', Mandarin), alternately romanized as Soochow, is a major prefecture-level city in Jiangsu province, China.

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Suzhou Creek

Suzhou Creek (or Soochow Creek), also called the Wusong (Woosung) River, is a river that passes through the Shanghai city center.

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Taipei

Taipei, officially Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of Taiwan.

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Tank

A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat.

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Tenth Army (Japan)

The was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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The Hump

The Hump was the name given by Allied pilots in the Second World War to the eastern end of the Himalayan Mountains over which they flew military transport aircraft from India to China to resupply the Chinese war effort of Chiang Kai-shek and the units of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) based in China.

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The Japan Times

The Japan Times is Japan's largest and oldest English-language daily newspaper.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Times

The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London.

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Time (magazine)

Time (stylized in all caps as TIME) is an American news magazine based in New York City.

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Treaty ports

Treaty ports (条約港) were the port cities in China and Japan that were opened to foreign trade mainly by the unequal treaties forced upon them by Western powers, as well as cities in Korea opened up similarly by the Qing dynasty of China (before the First Sino-Japanese War) and the Empire of Japan.

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Trench

A trench is a type of excavation or depression in the ground that is generally deeper than it is wide (as opposed to a wider gully, or ditch), and narrow compared with its length (as opposed to a simple hole or pit).

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Trench warfare

Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied lines largely comprising military trenches, in which combatants are well-protected from the enemy's small arms fire and are substantially sheltered from artillery.

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University of California Press

The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

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Urban warfare

Urban warfare is warfare in urban areas such as towns and cities.

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Vickers 6-ton

The Vickers 6-ton tank or Vickers Mark E, also known as the "Six-tonner", was a British light tank designed in 1928 in a private project at Vickers.

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Vickers-Carden-Loyd light amphibious tank

The Vickers-Carden-Loyd light amphibious tank (designated the A4E11 and A4E12 by the War Office), was a series of British experimental pre-World War II light tanks (resembling tankettes), which, although not taken into British service, were sold to a number of other countries which produced modified versions which were then taken into service.

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Wang Jingwei regime

The Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China, commonly described as the Wang Jingwei regime, was a puppet state of the Empire of Japan in eastern China.

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Washington Naval Conference

The Washington Naval Conference was a disarmament conference called by the United States and held in Washington, D.C., from November 12, 1921, to February 6, 1922.

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Western world

The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.

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Wharf

A wharf (or wharfs), quay (also), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

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Wuhan

Wuhan is the capital of Hubei Province of China.

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Xi'an

Xi'an is the capital of Shaanxi Province.

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Xie Jinyuan

Xie Jinyuan (Hsieh Chin-yuan; 26 April 1905 – 24 April 1941) was a Chinese Nationalist military officer famous for commanding the Defense of Sihang Warehouse during the Battle of Shanghai in the Second Sino-Japanese War.

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Yan'an Road

Yan'an Road (Shanghainese) is a road in Shanghai, a major east–west thoroughfare through the centre of the city.

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Yang Huimin

Yang Huimin (March 6, 1915 – March 9, 1992) was a Girl Guide during the 1937 Battle of Shanghai who supplied a flag and brought supplies to besieged defenders of the Sihang Warehouse.

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Yangpu, Shanghai

Yangpu is one of the 16 districts of Shanghai.

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Yangtze

Yangtze or Yangzi is the longest river in Eurasia, the third-longest in the world.

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Yu Hung-chun

Yu Hung-chun (4 January 1898 – 1 June 1960), also known as O. K. Yui, was a Chinese political figure who served as mayor of Shanghai, chairman of the Taiwan Provincial Government and Premier of the Republic of China.

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Zhabei

Zhabei, formerly romanized as Chapei, is a neighborhood and a former district of Shanghai with a land area of and a resident population of 847,300 as of 2013.

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Zhang Fakui

Zhang Fakui (2 September 1896 – 10 March 1980) was a Chinese Nationalist general who fought against northern warlords, the Imperial Japanese Army and Chinese Communist forces in his military career.

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Zhang Zhizhong

Zhang Zhizhong or Chang Chih-chung (27 October 1890 – 10 April 1969) was a Chinese military commander and politician, general in the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China and later a pro-Communist politician in the People's Republic of China.

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Zhang Zuolin

Zhang Zuolin (March 19, 1875June 4, 1928) was a Chinese warlord who ruled Manchuria from 1916 to 1928.

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101st Division (Imperial Japanese Army)

The was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Unique amongst Japanese divisions, it was never given a call sign. The division was formed 1 September 1937 in Tokyo. The nucleus for the formation was the 13th Independent mixed brigade from Lu'an. The men of the division were drafted from the Aichi mobilization district.

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