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Benno Straucher, the Glossary

Benno or Beno Straucher (Yiddish: בענאָ שטרױכער; August 11, 1854 – November 5, 1940) was a Bukovina-born Austro-Hungarian lawyer, politician and Jewish community representative, who spent the final part of his career in Romania.^[1]

191 relations: A. C. Cuza, Acculturation, Adolf Stand, Alexandru Averescu, Alexandru Hurmuzaki, Aliyah, American Jewish Committee, American Jewish Congress, Antisemitism, Art Nouveau, Arthur Mahler, Aurel Onciul, Austria-Hungary, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austrian nationalism, Austro-Hungarian krone, Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950, Babeș-Bolyai University, Blood libel, Bloomsbury Publishing, Bohemia, Boyar, Brill Publishers, Brusilov offensive, Bucharest, Bukovina, Bukovina Germans, Caucus, Central Europe, Central Powers, Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Charles I of Austria, Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi University, Cisleithania, Class conflict, Classical liberalism, Cluj-Napoca, Conservatism, Cornell University Press, Count Richard von Bienerth-Schmerling, Curia, Czech lands, Czech National Revival, Democratic Peasants' Party (Bukovina), Democratic Union Party (Romania), Devolution, Duchy of Bukovina, East-Central Europe, Eastern Front (World War I), ... Expand index (141 more) »
19th-century Austrian lawyers
Austrian Hebraists
Austrian Zionists
Austrian newspaper editors
European liberal politicians
Jewish National Party politicians
Jewish National People's Party politicians
Jewish Romanian politicians
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1897–1900)
Members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1901–1907)
People of World War I from Austria-Hungary
Politicians from Chernivtsi
Romanian Zionists
Romanian politicians of ethnic minority parties
Yiddish culture in Romania

A. C. Cuza

Alexandru C. Cuza (8 November 1857 – 3 November 1947), also known as A. C. Cuza, was a Romanian far-right politician and economist. Benno Straucher and a. C. Cuza are leaders of political parties in Romania and members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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Acculturation

Acculturation is a process of social, psychological, and cultural change that stems from the balancing of two cultures while adapting to the prevailing culture of the society.

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Adolf Stand

Avraham Adolf Stand (1870–1919) was a Jewish politician and leading Zionist activist in Austria-Hungary. Benno Straucher and Adolf Stand are Austrian Zionists, Jewish National Party politicians, Jews from Austria-Hungary and members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1907–1911).

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Alexandru Averescu

Alexandru Averescu (9 March 1859 – 2 October 1938) was a Romanian marshal, diplomat and populist politician. Benno Straucher and Alexandru Averescu are leaders of political parties in Romania.

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Alexandru Hurmuzaki

Alexandru (Alecu) Hurmuzaki (16 August 1823 in Cernăuca – 8 March /20 March 1871 in Naples) was a Romanian politician and publisher.

See Benno Straucher and Alexandru Hurmuzaki

Aliyah

Aliyah (עֲלִיָּה ʿălīyyā) is the immigration of Jews from the diaspora to, historically, the geographical Land of Israel or the Palestine region, which is today chiefly represented by the State of Israel.

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American Jewish Committee

The American Jewish Committee (AJC) is a civil rights group and Jewish advocacy group established on November 11, 1906.

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American Jewish Congress

The American Jewish Congress (AJCongress) is an association of American Jews organized to defend Jewish interests at home and abroad through public policy advocacy, using diplomacy, legislation, and the courts.

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Antisemitism

Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against, Jews.

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Art Nouveau

Art Nouveau is an international style of art, architecture, and applied art, especially the decorative arts.

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Arthur Mahler

Artur Mahler (1 August 1871 – 2 May 1916) was a Czech-Austrian archeologist and politician. Benno Straucher and Arthur Mahler are Jewish National Party politicians and members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1907–1911).

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Aurel Onciul

Aurel Onciul (29 February 1864 – 30 September 1921) was a Romanian pro-Austrian political leader in the Austrian Bukovina, prior to its union with the Kingdom of Romania. Benno Straucher and Aurel Onciul are people from the Duchy of Bukovina and university of Vienna alumni.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918.

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Austrian Academy of Sciences

The Austrian Academy of Sciences (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; ÖAW) is a legal entity under the special protection of the Republic of Austria.

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Austrian nationalism

Austrian nationalism (Österreichischer Nationalismus) is the nationalism that asserts that Austrians are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Austrians.

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Austro-Hungarian krone

The krone (alternatively crown; Krone, Korona, Corona, Korona, Krona, Kruna, Koruna, Koruna, Coroană, translit) was the official currency of Austria-Hungary from 1892 (when it replaced the gulden as part of the adoption of the gold standard) until the dissolution of the empire in 1918.

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Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950

The Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL, Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950) is a dictionary of biographical entries for individuals who have contributed to the history of Austria, published by the Austrian Academy of Sciences.

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Babeș-Bolyai University

The Babeș-Bolyai University (Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Babeș-Bolyai Tudományegyetem, commonly known as UBB) is a public research university located in Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

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Blood libel

Blood libel or ritual murder libel (also blood accusation) is an antisemitic canardTurvey, Brent E. Criminal Profiling: An Introduction to Behavioral Evidence Analysis, Academic Press, 2008, p. 3.

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Bloomsbury Publishing

Bloomsbury Publishing plc is a British worldwide publishing house of fiction and non-fiction.

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Bohemia

Bohemia (Čechy; Böhmen; Čěska; Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic.

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Boyar

A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the feudal nobility in many Eastern European states, including Bulgaria, Kievan Rus' (and later Russia), Moldavia and Wallachia (and later Romania), Lithuania and among Baltic Germans.

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Brill Publishers

Brill Academic Publishers, also known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill, is a Dutch international academic publisher of books and journals.

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Brusilov offensive

The Brusilov offensive (Брусиловский прорыв Brusilovskiĭ proryv, literally: "Brusilov's breakthrough"), also known as the "June advance", of June to September 1916 was the Russian Empire's greatest feat of arms during World War I, and among the most lethal offensives in world history.

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Bucharest

Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania.

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Bukovina

BukovinaBukowina or Buchenland; Bukovina; Bukowina; Bucovina; Bukovyna; see also other languages.

See Benno Straucher and Bukovina

Bukovina Germans

The Bukovina Germans (Bukowinadeutsche or Buchenlanddeutsche, Germani bucovineni or nemți bucovineni), also known and referred to as Buchenland Germans, or Bukovinian Germans, are a German ethnic group which settled in Bukovina, a historical region situated at the crossroads of Central and Eastern Europe, during the modern period.

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Caucus

A caucus is a meeting or grouping of supporters or members of a specific political party or movement.

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Central Europe

Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern Europe.

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Central Powers

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).

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Chamber of Deputies (Romania)

The Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputaților) is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament.

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Charles I of Austria

Charles I (Karl Franz Josef Ludwig Hubert Georg Otto Maria, Károly Ferenc József Lajos Hubert György Ottó Mária; 17 August 18871 April 1922) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and King of Croatia (as Charles IV), King of Bohemia (as Charles III), and the last of the monarchs belonging to the House of Habsburg-Lorraine to rule over Austria-Hungary.

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Chernivtsi

Chernivtsi (Чернівці,; Cernăuți,; see also other names) is a city in southwestern Ukraine on the upper course of the Prut River.

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Chernivtsi University

Chernivtsi National University (full name Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Чернівецький національний університет імені Юрія Федьковича) is a public university in the City of Chernivtsi in Western Ukraine.

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Cisleithania

Cisleithania, officially The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, was the northern and western part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in the Compromise of 1867—as distinguished from Transleithania (i.e., the Hungarian Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen east of the Leitha River).

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Class conflict

In political science, the term class conflict, or class struggle, refers to the political tension and economic antagonism that exist among the social classes of society, because of socioeconomic competition for resources among the social classes, between the rich and the poor.

See Benno Straucher and Class conflict

Classical liberalism

Classical liberalism is a political tradition and a branch of liberalism that advocates free market and laissez-faire economics and civil liberties under the rule of law, with special emphasis on individual autonomy, limited government, economic freedom, political freedom and freedom of speech.

See Benno Straucher and Classical liberalism

Cluj-Napoca

Cluj-Napoca, or simply Cluj (Kolozsvár, Klausenburg), is a city in northwestern Romania.

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Conservatism

Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values.

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Cornell University Press

The Cornell University Press is the university press of Cornell University; currently housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage.

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Count Richard von Bienerth-Schmerling

Baron Richard von Bienerth, after 1915 Count von Bienerth-Schmeling (2 March 1863, in Verona, Austrian Empire – 3 June 1918, in Vienna), was an Austrian statesman.

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Curia

Curia (curiae) in ancient Rome referred to one of the original groupings of the citizenry, eventually numbering 30, and later every Roman citizen was presumed to belong to one.

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Czech lands

The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands (České země) is a historical-geographical term that, in a historical context, refers the three historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia together before Czechoslovakia and later the Czech Republic were formed.

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Czech National Revival

The Czech National Revival was a cultural movement which took place in the Czech lands during the 18th and 19th centuries.

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Democratic Peasants' Party (Bukovina)

The Democratic Peasants' Party (PȚD;;, Demokratychna selyans'ka partiya), also known as Democratic Party, Peasants' Party, National Democratic Party or Unirea Society, was a provincial party in Bukovina, Austria-Hungary, one of several groups claiming to represent the ethnic Romanians.

See Benno Straucher and Democratic Peasants' Party (Bukovina)

Democratic Union Party (Romania)

The Democratic Union Party (Partidul Democrat al Unirei or, PDU) was a political group in Romania, one of the political forces which claimed to represent the ethnic Romanian community of Bukovina province.

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Devolution

Devolution is the statutory delegation of powers from the central government of a sovereign state to govern at a subnational level, such as a regional or local level.

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Duchy of Bukovina

The Duchy of Bukovina (Herzogtum Bukowina or Herzogtum Buchenland; Ducatul Bucovinei; translit) was a constituent land of the Austrian Empire from 1849 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary from 1867 until 1918.

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East-Central Europe

East-Central Europe is the region between German-, Hungarian-, and West Slavic-speaking Europe and the East Slavic countries of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine.

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Eastern Front (World War I)

The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Ostfront; Frontul de răsărit; Vostochny front) was a theater of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between Russia and Romania on one side and Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire, and Germany on the other.

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Education in Romania

Education in Romania is based on a free-tuition, egalitarian system.

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Electoral district

An electoral district, also known as an election district, legislative district, voting district, constituency, riding, ward, division, electorate, or (election) precinct, is a subdivision of a larger state (a country, administrative region, or other polity) created to provide its population with representation in the larger state's legislature.

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Electoral reform

Electoral reform is a change in electoral systems which alters how public desires are expressed in election results.

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Emperor of Austria

The emperor of Austria (Österreich) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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Equality before the law

Equality before the law, also known as equality under the law, equality in the eyes of the law, legal equality, or legal egalitarianism, is the principle that all people must be equally protected by the law.

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Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava

The Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava (Universitatea „Ștefan cel Mare” din Suceava, USV), also known as University of Suceava (Universitatea din Suceava), is a public university in Suceava, Suceava County, Bukovina, northeastern Romania, officially founded in 1990 and initially established in 1963 as the Institute of Pedagogy (Institutul Pedagogic).

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Fairleigh Dickinson University Press

Fairleigh Dickinson University Press (FDU Press) is a publishing house under the operation and oversight of Fairleigh Dickinson University, the largest private university in New Jersey.

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Familia (magazine)

The Romanian-language Familia literary magazine was first published by Iosif Vulcan in Budapest from 5 June 1865 to 17 April 1880.

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Fascism

Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation or race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.

See Benno Straucher and Fascism

Folkspartei

The Folkspartei (ייִדישע פֿאָלקספּאַרטיי, yidishe folkspartey, Jewish People's Party) was founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin.

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Franz Joseph I of Austria

Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (Franz Joseph Karl; Ferenc József Károly; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the ruler of the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 2 December 1848 until his death in 1916.

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Freethought

Freethought (sometimes spelled free thought) is an unorthodox attitude or belief.

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Galicia (Eastern Europe)

Galicia (. Collins English Dictionary Galicja,; translit,; Galitsye) is a historical and geographic region spanning what is now southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, long part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania

The General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania (אלגעמײַנער ײדישער ארבעטער בונד אין רומעניע, Uniunea generală a muncitorilor evrei „Bund” în România) was a Jewish socialist party in Romania, adhering to the political line of the General Jewish Labour Bund. Benno Straucher and general Jewish Labour Bund in Romania are Yiddish culture in Romania.

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Geographical distribution of German speakers

This article details the geographical distribution of speakers of the German language, regardless of the legislative status within the countries where it is spoken.

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Georg Wassilko von Serecki

Graf Georg Wassilko von Serecki (17 February 1864 – 24 March 1940), was an Austrian Empire-born ethnic Romanian statesman, Landeshauptmann of the Duchy of Bucovina and hereditary member of the Herrenhaus, the Upper House of the Imperial Council of Austria. Benno Straucher and Georg Wassilko von Serecki are Chernivtsi University alumni, members of the Austrian House of Deputies (1901–1907), people from the Duchy of Bukovina and university of Vienna alumni.

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Gerald Stourzh

Gerald Stourzh (born 15 May 1929 in Vienna, Austria) is an Austrian historian who studies modern history, especially the history of North America, of Austria, of political ideas, of constitutions and especially of human rights. Benno Straucher and Gerald Stourzh are university of Vienna alumni.

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German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

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German Free-minded Party

The German Free-minded Party (Deutsche Freisinnige Partei, DFP) or German Radical Party was a short-lived liberal party in the German Empire, founded on 5 March 1884 as a result of the merger of the German Progress Party and the Liberal Union, an 1880 split-off of the National Liberal Party.

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German language

German (Standard High German: Deutsch) is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, mainly spoken in Western and Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official or co-official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, and the Italian province of South Tyrol.

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German Party (Romania)

The German Party (Deutsche Partei in Rumänien; Partidul German din România, PGR) was a political party in post-World War I Romania, claiming to represent the entire ethnic German community in the country, at the time it was still a kingdom.

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Germans

Germans are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language.

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Greater Romania

The term Greater Romania (România Mare) usually refers to the borders of the Kingdom of Romania in the interwar period, achieved after the Great Union.

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Habsburg monarchy

The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm, was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities that were ruled by the House of Habsburg.

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Henric Streitman

Henric Ștefan Streitman (first name also Henric Șt., Enric, Henri or Henry, last name also Streitmann, Streittman, Ștraitman; 1873 – circa March 30, 1950) was a Romanian journalist, translator and political figure, who traversed the political spectrum from socialism to the far-right. Benno Straucher and Henric Streitman are Jewish Romanian politicians, Romanian Zionists, Romanian newspaper editors and Romanian newspaper founders.

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Hilsner affair

The Hilsner affair (also known as the Hilsner trial, Hilsner case or Polná affair) was a series of anti-semitic trials following an accusation of blood libel against Leopold Hilsner, a Jewish inhabitant of the town of Polná in Bohemia, Austria-Hungary in 1899 and 1900.

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History of the Jews in Bukovina

The Jews in Bukovina have been an integral part of their community. Benno Straucher and History of the Jews in Bukovina are Bukovina Jews.

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History of the Jews in Romania

The history of the Jews in Romania concerns the Jews both of Romania and of Romanian origins, from their first mention on what is present-day Romanian territory.

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History of the Jews in Russia

The history of the Jews in Russia and areas historically connected with it goes back at least 1,500 years.

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Homeland for the Jewish people

A homeland for the Jewish people is an idea rooted in Jewish history, religion, and culture.

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Iacob Pistiner

Iacob Pistiner (Jakob Pistiner; 1882 – 24 August 1930) was a Romanian politician and lawyer. Benno Straucher and Iacob Pistiner are Jewish Romanian politicians and members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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Iași

Iași (also known by other alternative names), also referred to mostly historically as Jassy, is the third largest city in Romania and the seat of Iași County.

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Iancu Flondor

Iancu Flondor (3 August 1865 – 19 October 1924) was a Romanian politician who advocated Bukovina's union with the Kingdom of Romania. Benno Straucher and Iancu Flondor are university of Vienna alumni.

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Imperial Council (Austria)

The Imperial Council was the legislature of the Austrian Empire from 1861 until 1918.

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Independent politician

An independent, non-partisan politician or non-affiliated politician is a politician not affiliated with any political party or bureaucratic association.

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Indiana University Press

Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences.

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Ion I. C. Brătianu

Ion Ionel Constantin Brătianu (also known as Ionel Brătianu; 20 August 1864 – 24 November 1927) was a Romanian politician, leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL), Prime Minister of Romania for five terms, and Foreign Minister on several occasions; he was the eldest son of statesman and PNL leader Ion Brătianu, the brother of Vintilă and Dinu Brătianu, and the father of Gheorghe I. Benno Straucher and Ion I. C. Brătianu are members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania).

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Ion Nistor

Ion I. Nistor (August 16, 1876 – November 11, 1962) was a Romanian historian and politician. Benno Straucher and Ion Nistor are Chernivtsi University alumni, leaders of political parties in Romania, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania) and university of Vienna alumni.

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Irina Livezeanu

Irina Livezeanu (born 1952) is a Romanian-American historian.

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Jargon

Jargon or technical language is the specialized terminology associated with a particular field or area of activity.

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Jewish assimilation

Jewish assimilation (התבוללות, hitbolelut) refers either to the gradual cultural assimilation and social integration of Jews in their surrounding culture or to an ideological program in the age of emancipation promoting conformity as a potential solution to historic Jewish marginalization.

See Benno Straucher and Jewish assimilation

Jewish Autonomism

Jewish Autonomism, not connected to the contemporary political movement autonomism, was a non-Zionist political movement and ideology that emerged in the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires, before spreading throughout Eastern Europe in the late 19th and early 20th century.

See Benno Straucher and Jewish Autonomism

Jewish cemetery, Chernivtsi

The Jewish cemetery of Chernivtsi is a cemetery in the city of Chernivtsi, in Chernivtsi oblast, in western Ukraine.

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Jewish day school

A Jewish day school is a modern Jewish educational institution that is designed to provide children of Jewish parents with both a Jewish and a secular education in one school on a full-time basis.

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Jewish emancipation

Jewish emancipation was the process in various nations in Europe of eliminating Jewish disabilities, e.g. Jewish quotas, to which European Jews were then subject, and the recognition of Jews as entitled to equality and citizenship rights.

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Jewish National Party

The Jewish National Party (Jüdischnationale Partei) was an Austrian political party of the Jewish minority.

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Jewish National People's Party

The Jewish National People's Party was a regional Jewish political party founded in 1906 in the Bukovina Austrian crown land by Benno Straucher, elected at the Austrian Parliament's Abgeordnetenhaus for the (Austrian) Jewish National Party since 1897.

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Jewish secularism

Jewish secularism refers to secularism in a Jewish context, denoting the definition of Jewish identity with little or no attention given to its religious aspects.

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The Jewish Social Democratic Association Bund was a Jewish socialist organization in Bukovina, named after the Russian General Jewish Labour Bund.

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Jewish Telegraphic Agency

The Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) is an international news agency and wire service that primarily covers Judaism- and Jewish-related topics and news.

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John Benjamins Publishing Company

John Benjamins Publishing Company is an independent academic publisher in social sciences and humanities with its head office in Amsterdam, Netherlands.

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Joseph Samuel Bloch

Joseph (Josef) Samuel Bloch (20 November 1850 in Dukla – 1923) was an Austrian rabbi and deputy of Polish descent.

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Juris Doctor

A Juris Doctor, Doctor of Jurisprudence, or Doctor of Law (JD) is a graduate-entry professional degree that primarily prepares individuals to practice law.

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Kehilla (modern)

The Kehilla (Kehillot) is the local Jewish communal structure that was reinstated in the early twentieth century as a modern, secular, and religious sequel of the qahal in Central and Eastern Europe, more particularly in Poland's Second Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Kingdom of Romania, Lithuania, Ukrainian People's Republic, during the interwar period (1918–1940), in application of the national personal autonomy.

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Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria

The Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, also known as Austrian Galicia or colloquially Austrian Poland, was a constituent possession of the Habsburg monarchy in the historical region of Galicia in Eastern Europe.

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Kingdom of Romania

The Kingdom of Romania (Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 13 March (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic.

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L'Harmattan

Éditions L'Harmattan, usually known simply as L'Harmattan, is one of the largest French book publishers.

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Land of Israel

The Land of Israel is the traditional Jewish name for an area of the Southern Levant.

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Landeshauptmann

The Landeshauptmann (if male) or Landeshauptfrau (if female) ("state captain", plural Landeshauptleute) is the chairman of a state government and the supreme official of an Austrian state and the Italian autonomous provinces of South Tyrol and Trentino.

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Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen

The Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen (a Szent Korona Országai), informally Transleithania (meaning the lands or region "beyond" the Leitha River), were the Hungarian territories of Austria-Hungary, throughout the latter's entire existence (30 March 1867 – 16 November 1918), and which disintegrated following its dissolution.

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Liberalism in Austria

This article gives an overview of liberalism in Austria.

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List of governors of Bukovina

This is the list of presidents of Bukovina, the district-governors (until 1849) and the administrators (until 1861).

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Magyar Party (Romania)

The Magyar Party (Országos Magyar Párt; Partidul Maghiar, PM, officially Partidul Naţional Maghiar) was a political party in post-World War I Romania.

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Michael Berkowitz

Michael Berkowitz is a UK-based American historian and professor of modern Jewish history at University College London.

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Ministry of Education (Romania)

The Ministry of Education (Ministerul Educației) is one of the ministries of the Government of Romania.

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Modernization theory

Modernization theory holds that as societies become more economically modernized, wealthier and more educated, their political institutions become increasingly liberal democratic.

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Nathan Birnbaum

Nathan Birnbaum (נתן בירנבוים; pseudonyms: "Mathias Acher", "Dr. N. Birner", "Mathias Palme", "Anton Skart", "Theodor Schwarz", and "Pantarhei"; 16 May 1864 – 2 April 1937) was an Austrian writer and journalist, Jewish thinker and nationalist.

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National Assembly (France)

The National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) is the lower house of the bicameral French Parliament under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (Sénat).

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National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875)

The National Liberal Party (Partidul Național Liberal, PNL) was the first organised political party in Romania, a major force in the country's politics from its foundation in 1875 to World War II.

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National Peasants' Party

The National Peasants' Party (also known as the National Peasant Party or National Farmers' Party; Partidul Național Țărănesc, or Partidul Național-Țărănist, PNȚ) was an agrarian political party in the Kingdom of Romania.

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Orthodox Judaism

Orthodox Judaism is the collective term for the traditionalist branches of contemporary Judaism.

See Benno Straucher and Orthodox Judaism

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)

The Paris Peace Conference was a set of formal and informal diplomatic meetings in 1919 and 1920 after the end of World War I, in which the victorious Allies set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers.

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Parliament of Romania

The Parliament of Romania (Parlamentul României) is the national bicameral legislature of Romania, consisting of the Chamber of Deputies (Camera Deputaților) and the Senate (Senat).

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Peasants' Party (Romania)

The Peasants' Party (Partidul Țărănesc, PȚ) was a political party in post-World War I Romania that espoused a left-wing ideology partly connected with Agrarianism and Populism, and aimed to represent the interests of the Romanian peasantry.

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People's Party (Romania, 1918–38)

The People's Party (Romanian: Partidul Poporului, PP), originally People's League (Liga Poporului), was an eclectic, essentially populist, mass movement in Romania.

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Poale Zion

Poale Zion (also spelled Poalei Tziyon or Poaley Syjon, meaning "Workers of Zion") was a movement of Marxist–Zionist Jewish workers founded in various cities of Poland, Europe and the Russian Empire at about the turn of the 20th century after the Bund rejected Zionism in 1901.

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Pogrom

A pogrom is a violent riot incited with the aim of massacring or expelling an ethnic or religious group, particularly Jews.

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Polish people

Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe.

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Populism

Populism is a range of political stances that emphasize the idea of "the people" and often juxtapose this group with "the elite".

See Benno Straucher and Populism

Proletariat

The proletariat is the social class of wage-earners, those members of a society whose only possession of significant economic value is their labour power (their capacity to work).

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Proportional representation

Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body.

See Benno Straucher and Proportional representation

Religious antisemitism

Religious antisemitism is aversion to or discrimination against Jews as a whole based on religious doctrines of supersession, which expect or demand the disappearance of Judaism and the conversion of Jews to other faiths.

See Benno Straucher and Religious antisemitism

Republic of German-Austria

The Republic of German-Austria (Republik Deutschösterreich, alternatively spelt Republik Deutsch-Österreich) and German-Austria (Deutschösterreich) was an unrecognised state that was created following World War I as an initial rump state for areas with a predominantly German-speaking and ethnic German population within what had been the Austro-Hungarian Empire, with plans for eventual unification with Germany.

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Revival of the Hebrew language

The revival of the Hebrew language took place in Europe and the Southern Levant region toward the end of the 19th century and into the 20th century, through which the language's usage changed from purely the sacred language of Judaism to a spoken and written language used for daily life in Israel.

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Robert Stricker

Robert Stricker (16 August 1879 – 28 October 1944) was a Jewish Austrian politician. Benno Straucher and Robert Stricker are Jewish National Party politicians.

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Romania

Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeast Europe.

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Romanian Academy

The Romanian Academy (Academia Română) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866.

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Romanian Baccalaureate

The Bacalaureat (or bac for short) is an exam held in Romania when one graduates high school (liceu).

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Romanian Land Forces

The Romanian Land Forces (Forțele Terestre Române) is the army of Romania, and the main component of the Romanian Armed Forces.

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Romanian language

Romanian (obsolete spelling: Roumanian; limba română, or românește) is the official and main language of Romania and Moldova.

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Romanian Orthodox Church

The Romanian Orthodox Church (ROC; Biserica Ortodoxă Română, BOR), or Patriarchate of Romania, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox Christian churches, and one of the nine patriarchates in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

See Benno Straucher and Romanian Orthodox Church

Romanianization

Romanianization is the series of policies aimed toward ethnic assimilation implemented by the Romanian authorities during the 20th and 21st century.

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Romanians

Romanians (români,; dated exonym Vlachs) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation native to Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. Sharing a common culture and ancestry, they speak the Romanian language and live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2021 Romanian census found that 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.

See Benno Straucher and Romanians

Rump state

A rump state is the remnant of a once much larger state, left with a greatly reduced territory in the wake of secession, annexation, occupation, decolonization, or a successful coup d'état or revolution on part of its former territory.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Ruthenians

Ruthenian and Ruthene are exonyms of Latin origin, formerly used in Eastern and Central Europe as common ethnonyms for East Slavs, particularly during the late medieval and early modern periods.

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Sadhora

Sadhora (Садгора; Sadagora; Sadagóra; Sadagura; סאדיגורא Sadigora, also Sadagura and Sadiger) is a settlement in Ukraine, now a Sadhirskyi District of Chernivtsi city, which is located 6 km from the city center.

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Sander Gilman

Sander L. Gilman, born on February 21, 1944, is an American cultural and literary historian.

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Savings bank

A savings bank is a financial institution that is not run on a profit-maximizing basis, and whose original or primary purpose is collecting deposits on savings accounts that are invested on a low-risk basis and receive interest.

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Senate of Romania

The Senate (Senat) is the upper house in the bicameral Parliament of Romania.

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Shtadlan

A shtadlan (שְׁתַדְּלָן,; שתּדלן) was an intercessor for a local European Jewish community.

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Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership.

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Societatea Academică Junimea

Societatea Academică Junimea (Romanian for "Junimea Academic Society") was a society (Studentenverbindung) for Romanian students in the Austro-Hungarian city of Czernowitz, located in the Bukovina region of Cisleithania.

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Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

Between 28 June and 3 July 1940, the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, following an ultimatum made to Romania on 26 June 1940 that threatened the use of force.

See Benno Straucher and Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

Taylor & Francis

Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.

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Taylor Caldwell

Janet Miriam Caldwell (September 7, 1900August 30, 1985) was a British-born American novelist and prolific author of popular fiction under the pen names Taylor Caldwell, Marcus Holland and Max Reiner.

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Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ("Bread Peace") was signed on 9 February 1918 between the Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria), ending Ukraine's involvement in World War I and recognizing the UPR's sovereignty.

See Benno Straucher and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)

Treaty of Paris (1920)

The 1920 Treaty of Paris was an act signed by Romania and the principal Allied Powers of the time (France, United Kingdom, Italy and Japan) whose purpose was the recognition of Romanian sovereignty over Bessarabia.

See Benno Straucher and Treaty of Paris (1920)

Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)

The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (Traité de Saint-Germain-en-Laye) was signed on 10 September 1919 by the victorious Allies of World War I on the one hand and by the Republic of German-Austria on the other.

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Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe.

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Ukrainian People's Republic

The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) was a short-lived state in Eastern Europe.

See Benno Straucher and Ukrainian People's Republic

The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika; Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991.

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Ukrainians

Ukrainians (ukraintsi) are a civic nation and an ethnic group native to Ukraine.

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Union of Romanian Jews

The Union of Romanian Jews (Uniunea Evreilor Români, UER) was a political organisation active in Romania in the first half of the 20th century.

See Benno Straucher and Union of Romanian Jews

United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

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University of Chicago Press

The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.

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University of Illinois Press

The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois system.

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University of Minnesota

The University of Minnesota (formally the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities), colloquially referred to as "The U", is a public land-grant research university in the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States.

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University of Vienna

The University of Vienna (Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien; Austro-Bavarian) is the capital, most populous city, and one of nine federal states of Austria.

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Vilmos Vázsonyi

Vilmos Vázsonyi (born as Vilmos Weiszfeld; 1868–1926) was a Hungarian publicist and politician of Jewish heritage.

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Wilhelm Filderman

Wilhelm Filderman (last name also spelled Fieldermann; 14 November 1882 – 1963) was a lawyer and the leader of the Romanian-Jewish community between 1919 and 1947; in addition, he was a representative of the Jews in the Romanian parliament. Benno Straucher and Wilhelm Filderman are Jewish Romanian politicians, members of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania), Romanian Zionists and Romanian politicians of ethnic minority parties.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benno_Straucher

Also known as Beno Straucher, Straucher.

, Education in Romania, Electoral district, Electoral reform, Emperor of Austria, Equality before the law, Ștefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, Familia (magazine), Fascism, Folkspartei, Franz Joseph I of Austria, Freethought, Galicia (Eastern Europe), General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania, Geographical distribution of German speakers, Georg Wassilko von Serecki, Gerald Stourzh, German Empire, German Free-minded Party, German language, German Party (Romania), Germans, Greater Romania, Habsburg monarchy, Henric Streitman, Hilsner affair, History of the Jews in Bukovina, History of the Jews in Romania, History of the Jews in Russia, Homeland for the Jewish people, Iacob Pistiner, Iași, Iancu Flondor, Imperial Council (Austria), Independent politician, Indiana University Press, Ion I. C. Brătianu, Ion Nistor, Irina Livezeanu, Jargon, Jewish assimilation, Jewish Autonomism, Jewish cemetery, Chernivtsi, Jewish day school, Jewish emancipation, Jewish National Party, Jewish National People's Party, Jewish secularism, Jewish Social Democratic Association Bund, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, John Benjamins Publishing Company, Joseph Samuel Bloch, Juris Doctor, Kehilla (modern), Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, Kingdom of Romania, L'Harmattan, Land of Israel, Landeshauptmann, Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, Liberalism in Austria, List of governors of Bukovina, Magyar Party (Romania), Michael Berkowitz, Ministry of Education (Romania), Modernization theory, Nathan Birnbaum, National Assembly (France), National Liberal Party (Romania, 1875), National Peasants' Party, Orthodox Judaism, Oxford University Press, Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Parliament of Romania, Peasants' Party (Romania), People's Party (Romania, 1918–38), Poale Zion, Pogrom, Polish people, Populism, Proletariat, Proportional representation, Religious antisemitism, Republic of German-Austria, Revival of the Hebrew language, Robert Stricker, Romania, Romanian Academy, Romanian Baccalaureate, Romanian Land Forces, Romanian language, Romanian Orthodox Church, Romanianization, Romanians, Rump state, Russian Empire, Ruthenians, Sadhora, Sander Gilman, Savings bank, Senate of Romania, Shtadlan, Socialism, Societatea Academică Junimea, Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, Taylor & Francis, Taylor Caldwell, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers), Treaty of Paris (1920), Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919), Ukraine, Ukrainian People's Republic, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukrainians, Union of Romanian Jews, United States, University of Chicago Press, University of Illinois Press, University of Minnesota, University of Vienna, Vienna, Vilmos Vázsonyi, Wilhelm Filderman, World War I, World War II, Yiddish, Yiddishist movement, Ze'ev Jabotinsky, Zionism, 1897 Cisleithanian legislative election, 1900–1901 Cisleithanian legislative election, 1907 Cisleithanian legislative election, 1911 Cisleithanian legislative election, 1919 Romanian general election, 1920 Romanian general election, 1922 Romanian general election, 1923 Constitution of Romania, 1926 Romanian general election, 1927 Romanian general election, 1928 Romanian general election, 1932 Romanian general election.

Benno Straucher, the Glossary

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