Boninite, the Glossary
Boninite is an extrusive rock high in both magnesium and silica, thought to be usually formed in fore-arc environments, typically during the early stages of subduction.[1]
Table of Contents
71 relations: Alkali, Andesite, Archean, Back-arc region, Baja California, Barium, Bonin Islands, Breccia, Cape Vogel, Chromium, Compatibility (geochemistry), Craton, Cretaceous, Cyprus, Eocene, Extrusive rock, Forearc, Guam, Igneous intrusion, Iron, Island arc, Japan, Lanthanum, Lau Basin, Luzon, Magma, Magnesium, Magnesium oxide, Mantle (geology), Mantle convection, Mariana Trench, Matrix (geology), Mesozoic, Metasomatism, Mexico, Mineral hydration, Miocene, National Science Foundation, New Caledonia, Nickel, Oceanic trench, Oligocene, Olivine, Ophiolite, Pacific Ocean, Paleocene, Paleogene, Papua New Guinea, Peridotite, Permian, ... Expand index (21 more) »
- Intermediate rocks
Alkali
In chemistry, an alkali (from lit) is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.
Andesite
Andesite is a volcanic rock of intermediate composition. Boninite and Andesite are intermediate rocks and volcanic rocks.
Archean
The Archean Eon (also spelled Archaean or Archæan), in older sources sometimes called the Archaeozoic, is the second of the four geologic eons of Earth's history, preceded by the Hadean Eon and followed by the Proterozoic.
Back-arc region
The back-arc region is the area behind a volcanic arc.
See Boninite and Back-arc region
Baja California
Baja California ('Lower California'), officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California (Free and Sovereign State of Baja California), is a state in Mexico.
See Boninite and Baja California
Barium
Barium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ba and atomic number 56.
Bonin Islands
The Bonin Islands, also known as the Ogasawara Islands (小笠原諸島), is a Japanese archipelago of over 30 subtropical and tropical islands located around SSE of Tokyo and northwest of Guam.
See Boninite and Bonin Islands
Breccia
Breccia is a rock composed of large angular broken fragments of minerals or rocks cemented together by a fine-grained matrix.
Cape Vogel
Cape Vogel is a cape on the north coast of Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea.
Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element; it has symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
Compatibility (geochemistry)
Compatibility is a term used by geochemists to describe how elements partition themselves in the solid and melt within Earth's mantle.
See Boninite and Compatibility (geochemistry)
Craton
A craton (or; from κράτος "strength") is an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, which consists of Earth's two topmost layers, the crust and the uppermost mantle.
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya).
Cyprus
Cyprus, officially the Republic of Cyprus, is an island country in the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Eocene
The Eocene is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (Ma).
Extrusive rock
Extrusive rock refers to the mode of igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out (extrudes) onto the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff. Boninite and Extrusive rock are igneous petrology.
See Boninite and Extrusive rock
Forearc
Forearc is a plate tectonic term referring to a region in a subduction zone between an oceanic trench and the associated volcanic arc.
Guam
Guam (Guåhan) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean.
Igneous intrusion
In geology, an igneous intrusion (or intrusive body or simply intrusion) is a body of intrusive igneous rock that forms by crystallization of magma slowly cooling below the surface of the Earth. Boninite and igneous intrusion are igneous petrology.
See Boninite and Igneous intrusion
Iron
Iron is a chemical element.
Island arc
Island arcs are long chains of active volcanoes with intense seismic activity found along convergent tectonic plate boundaries.
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asian mainland.
Lanthanum
Lanthanum is a chemical element; it has symbol La and atomic number 57.
Lau Basin
The Lau Basin is a back-arc basin (also addressed as "interarc basin") at the Australian-Pacific plate boundary.
Luzon
Luzon is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines.
Magma
Magma is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Boninite and Magma are igneous petrology.
Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element; it has symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
Magnesium oxide
Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide).
See Boninite and Magnesium oxide
Mantle (geology)
A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a core and above by a crust.
See Boninite and Mantle (geology)
Mantle convection
Mantle convection is the very slow creep of Earth's solid silicate mantle as convection currents carry heat from the interior to the planet's surface.
See Boninite and Mantle convection
Mariana Trench
The Mariana Trench is an oceanic trench located in the western Pacific Ocean, about east of the Mariana Islands; it is the deepest oceanic trench on Earth.
See Boninite and Mariana Trench
Matrix (geology)
The matrix or groundmass of a rock is the finer-grained mass of material in which larger grains, crystals, or clasts are embedded.
See Boninite and Matrix (geology)
Mesozoic
The Mesozoic Era is the penultimate era of Earth's geological history, lasting from about, comprising the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous Periods.
Metasomatism (from the Greek μετά metá "change" and σῶμα sôma "body") is the chemical alteration of a rock by hydrothermal and other fluids.
Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America.
Mineral hydration
In inorganic chemistry, mineral hydration is a reaction which adds water to the crystal structure of a mineral, usually creating a new mineral, commonly called a hydrate.
See Boninite and Mineral hydration
Miocene
The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).
National Science Foundation
The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering.
See Boninite and National Science Foundation
New Caledonia
New Caledonia (Nouvelle-Calédonie) is a ''sui generis'' collectivity of overseas France in the southwest Pacific Ocean, south of Vanuatu, about east of Australia, and from Metropolitan France.
See Boninite and New Caledonia
Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element; it has symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
Oceanic trench
Oceanic trenches are prominent, long, narrow topographic depressions of the ocean floor.
See Boninite and Oceanic trench
Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.
Olivine
The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula.
Ophiolite
An ophiolite is a section of Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed, and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks.
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions.
See Boninite and Pacific Ocean
Paleocene
The Paleocene, or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 million years ago (mya).
Paleogene
The Paleogene Period (also spelled Palaeogene or Palæogene) is a geologic period and system that spans 43 million years from the end of the Cretaceous Period Ma (million years ago) to the beginning of the Neogene Period Ma.
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea, officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania that comprises the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia (a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia).
See Boninite and Papua New Guinea
Peridotite
Peridotite is a dense, coarse-grained igneous rock consisting mostly of the silicate minerals olivine and pyroxene.
Permian
The Permian is a geologic period and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya.
Phenocryst
Swiss side of the Mont Blanc massif, has large white phenocrysts of plagioclase (that have trapezoid shapes when cut through). 1 euro coin (diameter 2.3 cm) for scale. A phenocryst is an early forming, relatively large and usually conspicuous crystal distinctly larger than the grains of the rock groundmass of an igneous rock. Boninite and phenocryst are igneous petrology.
Pillow lava
Pillow lavas are lavas that contain characteristic pillow-shaped structures that are attributed to the extrusion of the lava underwater, or subaqueous extrusion.
Pyroxene
The pyroxenes (commonly abbreviated Px) are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Rare-earth element
The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths or, in context, rare-earth oxides, and sometimes the lanthanides (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals.
See Boninite and Rare-earth element
Rock (geology)
In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter.
See Boninite and Rock (geology)
Sanukitoid
Sanukitoids are a variety of high-Mg granitoid found in convergent margin settings. Boninite and Sanukitoid are igneous petrology.
Seto Inland Sea
The, sometimes shortened to the Inland Sea, is the body of water separating Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu, three of the four main islands of Japan.
See Boninite and Seto Inland Sea
Silicon dioxide
Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula, commonly found in nature as quartz.
See Boninite and Silicon dioxide
Strontium
Strontium is a chemical element; it has symbol Sr and atomic number 38.
Subduction
Subduction is a geological process in which the oceanic lithosphere and some continental lithosphere is recycled into the Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.
Submersible
A submersible is an underwater vehicle which needs to be transported and supported by a larger watercraft or platform.
Tholeiitic magma series
The tholeiitic magma series is one of two main magma series in subalkaline igneous rocks, the other being the calc-alkaline series. Boninite and tholeiitic magma series are igneous petrology.
See Boninite and Tholeiitic magma series
Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22.
Titanium dioxide
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania, is the inorganic compound derived from titanium with the chemical formula.
See Boninite and Titanium dioxide
Triassic
The Triassic (sometimes symbolized 🝈) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya.
Troodos Mountains
Troodos (sometimes spelled Troödos; Τρόοδος; Trodos Dağları) is the largest mountain range in Cyprus, located in roughly the center of the island.
See Boninite and Troodos Mountains
Volcano
A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. Boninite and volcano are volcanic rocks.
West Mata
West Mata is an active submarine volcano located in the northeastern Lau Basin, roughly southwest of the Samoan Islands.
Ytterbium
Ytterbium is a chemical element; it has symbol Yb and atomic number 70.
Zambales Mountains
The Zambales Mountains is a mountain range on western Luzon island in the Philippines.
See Boninite and Zambales Mountains
Zirconium
Zirconium is a chemical element; it has symbol Zr and atomic number 40.
See also
Intermediate rocks
- Adakite
- Andesite
- Appinite
- Basaltic andesite
- Benmoreite
- Boninite
- Dacite
- Diorite
- Granodiorite
- Icelandite
- Intermediate composition
- Phonolite
- Tephriphonolite
- Trachyandesite
- Trachybasalt
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boninite
, Phenocryst, Pillow lava, Pyroxene, Rare-earth element, Rock (geology), Sanukitoid, Seto Inland Sea, Silicon dioxide, Strontium, Subduction, Submersible, Tholeiitic magma series, Titanium, Titanium dioxide, Triassic, Troodos Mountains, Volcano, West Mata, Ytterbium, Zambales Mountains, Zirconium.