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Breakdown voltage, the Glossary

Index Breakdown voltage

The breakdown voltage of an insulator is the minimum voltage that causes a portion of an insulator to experience electrical breakdown and become electrically conductive.[1]

Table of Contents

  1. 43 relations: Avalanche breakdown, Avalanche diode, Bipolar junction transistor, Breakdown voltage, Ceramic, Charge carrier, Charged particle, Circuit breaker, Constant (mathematics), Dielectric strength, Dielectric withstand test, Diode, Direct current, Doping (semiconductor), Electric current, Electric field, Electric spark, Electrical breakdown, Electrical conductor, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Electrical treeing, Electron, Gradient, Insulator (electricity), Ionization, Lichtenberg figure, Lightning, Metal, Overhead power line, Parameter, Paschen's law, Root mean square, Secondary emission, Spark plug, Switchgear, Transformer, Transmission line, TRIAC, Utility frequency, Valence and conduction bands, Volt, Voltage, Zener diode.

  2. Electrical breakdown

Avalanche breakdown

Avalanche breakdown (or the avalanche effect) is a phenomenon that can occur in both insulating and semiconducting materials. Breakdown voltage and avalanche breakdown are electrical breakdown.

See Breakdown voltage and Avalanche breakdown

Avalanche diode

In electronics, an avalanche diode is a diode (made from silicon or other semiconductor) that is designed to experience avalanche breakdown at a specified reverse bias voltage.

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Bipolar junction transistor

A bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is a type of transistor that uses both electrons and electron holes as charge carriers.

See Breakdown voltage and Bipolar junction transistor

Breakdown voltage

The breakdown voltage of an insulator is the minimum voltage that causes a portion of an insulator to experience electrical breakdown and become electrically conductive. Breakdown voltage and breakdown voltage are electrical breakdown and electrical parameters.

See Breakdown voltage and Breakdown voltage

Ceramic

A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant, and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing an inorganic, nonmetallic material, such as clay, at a high temperature.

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Charge carrier

In solid state physics, a charge carrier is a particle or quasiparticle that is free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors.

See Breakdown voltage and Charge carrier

Charged particle

In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge.

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Circuit breaker

A circuit breaker is an electrical safety device designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by current in excess of that which the equipment can safely carry (overcurrent).

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Constant (mathematics)

In mathematics, the word constant conveys multiple meanings.

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Dielectric strength

In physics, the term dielectric strength has the following meanings.

See Breakdown voltage and Dielectric strength

Dielectric withstand test

In electrical engineering, a dielectric withstand test (or pressure test, high potential or hipot test or insulation test) is an electrical safety test performed on a component or product to determine the effectiveness of its insulation.

See Breakdown voltage and Dielectric withstand test

Diode

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance).

See Breakdown voltage and Diode

Direct current

Direct current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge.

See Breakdown voltage and Direct current

Doping (semiconductor)

In semiconductor production, doping is the intentional introduction of impurities into an intrinsic (undoped) semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its electrical, optical and structural properties.

See Breakdown voltage and Doping (semiconductor)

Electric current

An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space.

See Breakdown voltage and Electric current

Electric field

An electric field (sometimes called E-field) is the physical field that surrounds electrically charged particles.

See Breakdown voltage and Electric field

Electric spark

An electric spark is an abrupt electrical discharge that occurs when a sufficiently high electric field creates an ionized, electrically conductive channel through a normally-insulating medium, often air or other gases or gas mixtures. Breakdown voltage and electric spark are electrical breakdown.

See Breakdown voltage and Electric spark

Electrical breakdown

In electronics, electrical breakdown or dielectric breakdown is a process that occurs when an electrically insulating material (a dielectric), subjected to a high enough voltage, suddenly becomes a conductor and current flows through it.

See Breakdown voltage and Electrical breakdown

Electrical conductor

In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electric current) in one or more directions.

See Breakdown voltage and Electrical conductor

Electrical resistivity and conductivity

Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance) is a fundamental specific property of a material that measures its electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current.

See Breakdown voltage and Electrical resistivity and conductivity

Electrical treeing

In electrical engineering, treeing is an electrical pre-breakdown phenomenon in solid insulation. Breakdown voltage and electrical treeing are electrical breakdown.

See Breakdown voltage and Electrical treeing

Electron

The electron (or in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary electric charge.

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Gradient

In vector calculus, the gradient of a scalar-valued differentiable function f of several variables is the vector field (or vector-valued function) \nabla f whose value at a point p gives the direction and the rate of fastest increase.

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Insulator (electricity)

An electrical insulator is a material in which electric current does not flow freely.

See Breakdown voltage and Insulator (electricity)

Ionization

Ionization (or ionisation specifically in Britain, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand) is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.

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Lichtenberg figure

A Lichtenberg figure (German Lichtenberg-Figur), or Lichtenberg dust figure, is a branching electric discharge that sometimes appears on the surface or in the interior of insulating materials. Breakdown voltage and Lichtenberg figure are electrical breakdown.

See Breakdown voltage and Lichtenberg figure

Lightning

Lightning is a natural phenomenon formed by electrostatic discharges through the atmosphere between two electrically charged regions, either both in the atmosphere or one in the atmosphere and one on the ground, temporarily neutralizing these in a near-instantaneous release of an average of between 200 megajoules and 7 gigajoules of energy, depending on the type. Breakdown voltage and Lightning are electrical breakdown.

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A metal is a material that, when polished or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well.

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Overhead power line

An overhead power line is a structure used in electric power transmission and distribution to transmit electrical energy along large distances.

See Breakdown voltage and Overhead power line

Parameter

A parameter, generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when identifying the system, or when evaluating its performance, status, condition, etc.

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Paschen's law

Paschen's law is an equation that gives the breakdown voltage, that is, the voltage necessary to start a discharge or electric arc, between two electrodes in a gas as a function of pressure and gap length. Breakdown voltage and Paschen's law are electrical breakdown.

See Breakdown voltage and Paschen's law

Root mean square

In mathematics, the root mean square (abbrev. RMS, or rms) of a set of numbers is the square root of the set's mean square.

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Secondary emission

In particle physics, secondary emission is a phenomenon where primary incident particles of sufficient energy, when hitting a surface or passing through some material, induce the emission of secondary particles.

See Breakdown voltage and Secondary emission

Spark plug

A spark plug (sometimes, in British English, a sparking plug, and, colloquially, a plug) is a device for delivering electric current from an ignition system to the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine to ignite the compressed fuel/air mixture by an electric spark, while containing combustion pressure within the engine.

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Switchgear

In an electric power system, a switchgear is composed of electrical disconnect switches, fuses or circuit breakers used to control, protect and isolate electrical equipment.

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Transformer

In electrical engineering, a transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits.

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Transmission line

In electrical engineering, a transmission line is a specialized cable or other structure designed to conduct electromagnetic waves in a contained manner.

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TRIAC

A TRIAC (triode for alternating current; also bidirectional triode thyristor or bilateral triode thyristor) is a three-terminal electronic component that conducts current in either direction when triggered.

See Breakdown voltage and TRIAC

Utility frequency

The utility frequency, (power) line frequency (American English) or mains frequency (British English) is the nominal frequency of the oscillations of alternating current (AC) in a wide area synchronous grid transmitted from a power station to the end-user.

See Breakdown voltage and Utility frequency

Valence and conduction bands

In solid-state physics, the valence band and conduction band are the bands closest to the Fermi level, and thus determine the electrical conductivity of the solid.

See Breakdown voltage and Valence and conduction bands

Volt

The volt (symbol: V) is the unit of electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI).

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Voltage

Voltage, also known as (electrical) potential difference, electric pressure, or electric tension is the difference in electric potential between two points.

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Zener diode

A Zener diode is a special type of diode designed to reliably allow current to flow "backwards" (inverted polarity) when a certain set reverse voltage, known as the Zener voltage, is reached.

See Breakdown voltage and Zener diode

See also

Electrical breakdown

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdown_voltage

Also known as Basic impulse insulation level, Blocking voltage, Breakdown potential, Breakdown voltages, Junction breakdown voltage, Reverse voltage, Striking voltage, Voltage at Break-down.