Breastfeeding, the Glossary
Breastfeeding, variously known as chestfeeding or nursing, is the process where breast milk is fed to a child.[1]
Table of Contents
281 relations: Adipose tissue, Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, Affordable Care Act, Aidsmap, Allergic rhinitis, American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Heart Association, Amoeba, Analgesic, Anatomical terms of motion, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, Anti-discrimination law, Anti-inflammatory, Antibody, Antioxidant, Areola, Areolar gland, Asian Women (journal), Asthma, Atopic dermatitis, Atopy, Baby bottle, Baby colic, Baby-led weaning, Baptism, Bile salt-dependent lipase, Bilirubin, Birth control, Bisphenol A, Bleeding, Blocked milk duct, Bloodstream infection, Botulism, Breast cancer, Breast crawl, Breast engorgement, Breast implant, Breast milk, Breast pump, Breast reduction, Breast shell, Breastfeeding and mental health, Breastfeeding in Islam, Breastfeeding in public, Breastfeeding promotion, Breastmilk storage and handling, British Columbia, Bupropion, ... Expand index (231 more) »
- Infant feeding
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue (also known as body fat or simply fat) is a loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes.
See Breastfeeding and Adipose tissue
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL or ATLL) is a rare cancer of the immune system's T-cells caused by human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1).
See Breastfeeding and Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma
Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), formally known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) and colloquially as Obamacare, is a landmark U.S. federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.
See Breastfeeding and Affordable Care Act
Aidsmap
Aidsmap, also known as NAM aidsmap, was a website which published independent, accurate and accessible information and news about HIV and AIDS.
Allergic rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis, of which the seasonal type is called hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose that occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air.
See Breastfeeding and Allergic rhinitis
American Academy of Family Physicians
The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) was founded in 1947 to promote and maintain high-quality standards for family medicine, an offshoot of the classical general practitioner.
See Breastfeeding and American Academy of Family Physicians
American Academy of Pediatrics
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is the largest professional association of pediatricians in the United States.
See Breastfeeding and American Academy of Pediatrics
American Heart Association
The American Heart Association (AHA) is a nonprofit organization in the United States that funds cardiovascular medical research, educates consumers on healthy living and fosters appropriate cardiac care in an effort to reduce disability and deaths caused by cardiovascular disease and stroke.
See Breastfeeding and American Heart Association
Amoeba
An amoeba (less commonly spelled ameba or amœba;: amoebas (less commonly, amebas) or amoebae (amebae)), often called an amoeboid, is a type of cell or unicellular organism with the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopods.
Analgesic
An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic, antalgic, pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used for pain management.
See Breastfeeding and Analgesic
Anatomical terms of motion
Motion, the process of movement, is described using specific anatomical terms.
See Breastfeeding and Anatomical terms of motion
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa.
See Breastfeeding and Ancient Egypt
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.
See Breastfeeding and Ancient Greece
Anti-discrimination law
Anti-discrimination law or non-discrimination law refers to legislation designed to prevent discrimination against particular groups of people; these groups are often referred to as protected groups or protected classes.
See Breastfeeding and Anti-discrimination law
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-inflammatory or antiphlogistic is the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling.
See Breastfeeding and Anti-inflammatory
Antibody
An antibody (Ab) is the secreted form of a B cell receptor; the term immunoglobulin (Ig) can refer to either the membrane-bound form or the secreted form of the B cell receptor, but they are, broadly speaking, the same protein, and so the terms are often treated as synonymous.
See Breastfeeding and Antibody
Antioxidant
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation (usually occurring as autoxidation), a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals.
See Breastfeeding and Antioxidant
Areola
The human areola (areola mammae, or) is the pigmented area on the breast around the nipple.
Areolar gland
Areolar glands, also known as glandulae areolares, Montgomery glands, and tubercula areolae, are 10-15 elevations found on the areola.
See Breastfeeding and Areolar gland
Asian Women (journal)
Asian Women is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal and the official journal of the Research Institute of Asian Women (Sookmyung Women's University).
See Breastfeeding and Asian Women (journal)
Asthma
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.
Atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin (dermatitis).
See Breastfeeding and Atopic dermatitis
Atopy
Atopy is the tendency to produce an exaggerated immunoglobulin E (IgE) immune response to otherwise harmless substances in the environment.
Baby bottle
A baby bottle, nursing bottle, or feeding bottle is a bottle with a teat (also called a nipple in the US) attached to it, which creates the ability to drink via suckling. Breastfeeding and baby bottle are infant feeding.
See Breastfeeding and Baby bottle
Baby colic
Baby colic, also known as infantile colic, is defined as episodes of crying for more than three hours a day, for more than three days a week, for three weeks in an otherwise healthy child.
See Breastfeeding and Baby colic
Baby-led weaning
Baby-led weaning (often also referred to as BLW) is an approach to adding complementary foods to a baby's diet of breast milk or formula. Breastfeeding and baby-led weaning are infant feeding.
See Breastfeeding and Baby-led weaning
Baptism
Baptism (from immersion, dipping in water) is a Christian sacrament of initiation almost invariably with the use of water.
Bile salt-dependent lipase
Bile salt-dependent lipase (or BSDL), also known as carboxyl ester lipase (or CEL) is an enzyme produced by the adult pancreas and aids in the digestion of fats.
See Breastfeeding and Bile salt-dependent lipase
Bilirubin
Bilirubin (BR) (from the Latin for "red bile") is a red-orange compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates.
See Breastfeeding and Bilirubin
Birth control
Birth control, also known as contraception, anticonception, and fertility control, is the use of methods or devices to prevent unintended pregnancy.
See Breastfeeding and Birth control
Bisphenol A
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound primarily used in the manufacturing of various plastics.
See Breastfeeding and Bisphenol A
Bleeding
Bleeding, hemorrhage, haemorrhage or blood loss is blood escaping from the circulatory system from damaged blood vessels.
See Breastfeeding and Bleeding
Blocked milk duct
A blocked milk duct (sometimes also called plugged or clogged milk duct) is a blockage of one or more ducts carrying milk to the nipple for the purpose of breastfeeding an infant that can cause mastitis.
See Breastfeeding and Blocked milk duct
Bloodstream infection
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are infections of blood caused by blood-borne pathogens.
See Breastfeeding and Bloodstream infection
Botulism
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.
See Breastfeeding and Botulism
Breast cancer
Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue.
See Breastfeeding and Breast cancer
Breast crawl
Breast crawl is the instinctive movement of a newborn mammal toward the nipple of its mother for the purpose of latching on to initiate breastfeeding.
See Breastfeeding and Breast crawl
Breast engorgement
Breast engorgement occurs in the mammary glands due to expansion and pressure exerted by the synthesis and storage of breast milk.
See Breastfeeding and Breast engorgement
Breast implant
A breast implant is a prosthesis used to change the size, shape, and contour of a person's breast.
See Breastfeeding and Breast implant
Breast milk
Breast milk (sometimes spelled as breastmilk) or mother's milk is milk produced by the mammary glands in the breast of human females.
See Breastfeeding and Breast milk
Breast pump
A breast pump is a mechanical device that lactating women use to extract milk from their breasts.
See Breastfeeding and Breast pump
Breast reduction
Reduction mammoplasty (also breast reduction and reduction mammaplasty) is the plastic surgery procedure for reducing the size of large breasts.
See Breastfeeding and Breast reduction
Breast shell
Breast shells are hollow, lightweight plastic disks worn inside the brassiere to help correct flat or inverted nipples either in preparation for or during breastfeeding.
See Breastfeeding and Breast shell
Breastfeeding and mental health
Breastfeeding and mental health is the relationship between postpartum breastfeeding and the mother's and child's mental health.
See Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding and mental health
Breastfeeding in Islam
Breastfeeding is highly regarded in Islam.
See Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding in Islam
Breastfeeding in public
The social attitudes toward and legal status of breastfeeding in public vary widely in cultures around the world.
See Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding in public
Breastfeeding promotion refers to coordinated activities and policies to promote health among women, newborns and infants through breastfeeding.
See Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding promotion
Breastmilk storage and handling
Breast milk is recommended by numerous health authorities across the world, including the World Health Organization, UNICEF, and the American Academy of Pediatrics, as the optimal exclusive source of nutrition for infants from birth up to six months. Breastfeeding and Breastmilk storage and handling are infant feeding.
See Breastfeeding and Breastmilk storage and handling
British Columbia
British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada.
See Breastfeeding and British Columbia
Bupropion
Bupropion, formerly called amfebutamone, and sold under the brand name Wellbutrin among others, is an atypical antidepressant primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and to support smoking cessation.
See Breastfeeding and Bupropion
C-reactive protein
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped) pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose circulating concentrations rise in response to inflammation.
See Breastfeeding and C-reactive protein
Caesarean section
Caesarean section, also known as C-section, cesarean, or caesarean delivery, is the surgical procedure by which one or more babies are delivered through an incision in the mother's abdomen.
See Breastfeeding and Caesarean section
Caffeine
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.
See Breastfeeding and Caffeine
Canada
Canada is a country in North America.
Canadian Paediatric Society
The Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) is a national association of paediatricians.
See Breastfeeding and Canadian Paediatric Society
Cannabidiol
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid discovered in 1940.
See Breastfeeding and Cannabidiol
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is any disease involving the heart or blood vessels.
See Breastfeeding and Cardiovascular disease
Carnivore
A carnivore, or meat-eater (Latin, caro, genitive carnis, meaning meat or "flesh" and vorare meaning "to devour"), is an animal or plant whose food and energy requirements are met by the consumption of animal tissues (mainly muscle, fat and other soft tissues) whether through hunting or scavenging.
See Breastfeeding and Carnivore
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the national public health agency of the United States.
See Breastfeeding and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Cerebral palsy
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of movement disorders that appear in early childhood.
See Breastfeeding and Cerebral palsy
Child care
Childcare, otherwise known as day care, is the care and supervision of a child or multiple children at a time, whose ages range from two weeks to 18 years.
See Breastfeeding and Child care
Child development
Child development involves the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the conclusion of adolescence.
See Breastfeeding and Child development
Childbirth
Childbirth, also known as labour, parturition and delivery, is the completion of pregnancy where one or more babies exits the internal environment of the mother via vaginal delivery or caesarean section.
See Breastfeeding and Childbirth
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.
See Breastfeeding and Cholesterol
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
See Breastfeeding and Christianity
Christine Michel Carter
Christine Michel Carter (née Epps) is an American author and marketing strategist from Baltimore, Maryland.
See Breastfeeding and Christine Michel Carter
Chromosome abnormality
A chromosomal abnormality, chromosomal anomaly, chromosomal aberration, chromosomal mutation, or chromosomal disorder is a missing, extra, or irregular portion of chromosomal DNA.
See Breastfeeding and Chromosome abnormality
Circulatory system
The circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate.
See Breastfeeding and Circulatory system
Cochrane (organisation)
Cochrane is a British international charitable organisation formed to synthesize medical research findings to facilitate evidence-based choices about health interventions involving health professionals, patients and policy makers.
See Breastfeeding and Cochrane (organisation)
Coeliac disease
Coeliac disease (British English) or celiac disease (American English) is a long-term autoimmune disorder, primarily affecting the small intestine, where individuals develop intolerance to gluten, present in foods such as wheat, rye and barley.
See Breastfeeding and Coeliac disease
Cognitive development
Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of the developed adult brain and cognitive psychology.
See Breastfeeding and Cognitive development
Colostrum
Colostrum is the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands of humans and other mammals immediately following delivery of the newborn.
See Breastfeeding and Colostrum
Confounding
In causal inference, a confounder is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, causing a spurious association.
See Breastfeeding and Confounding
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
See Breastfeeding and COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.
See Breastfeeding and COVID-19 pandemic
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any segment of the gastrointestinal tract.
See Breastfeeding and Crohn's disease
De Quervain syndrome
De Quervain syndrome occurs when two tendons that control movement of the thumb become constricted by their tendon sheath in the wrist.
See Breastfeeding and De Quervain syndrome
Dental arch
The dental arches are the two arches (crescent arrangements) of teeth, one on each jaw, that together constitute the dentition.
See Breastfeeding and Dental arch
Dermatitis
Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin, typically characterized by itchiness, redness and a rash.
See Breastfeeding and Dermatitis
Developed country
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.
See Breastfeeding and Developed country
Developing country
A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
See Breastfeeding and Developing country
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels.
See Breastfeeding and Diabetes
Diabetes and pregnancy
For pregnant women with diabetes, some particular challenges exist for both mother and fetus.
See Breastfeeding and Diabetes and pregnancy
Diabetes medication
Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood.
See Breastfeeding and Diabetes medication
Diarrhea
Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day.
See Breastfeeding and Diarrhea
Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atoms, ions, molecules, energy) generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
See Breastfeeding and Diffusion
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
See Breastfeeding and Diphtheria
Diuretic
A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.
See Breastfeeding and Diuretic
Down syndrome
Down syndrome (United States) or Down's syndrome (United Kingdom and other English-speaking nations), also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.
See Breastfeeding and Down syndrome
Ebola
Ebola, also known as Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), is a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, caused by ebolaviruses.
Employee benefits
Employee benefits and benefits in kind (especially in British English), also called fringe benefits, perquisites, or perks, include various types of non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to their normal wages or salaries.
See Breastfeeding and Employee benefits
Encephalitis
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain.
See Breastfeeding and Encephalitis
Endometrial cancer
Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).
See Breastfeeding and Endometrial cancer
English-speaking world
The English-speaking world comprises the 88 countries and territories in which English is an official, administrative, or cultural language.
See Breastfeeding and English-speaking world
Entrepreneur (magazine)
Entrepreneur is an American magazine and website that carries news stories about entrepreneurship, small business management, and business.
See Breastfeeding and Entrepreneur (magazine)
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.
Equality Act 2010
The Equality Act 2010 (c. 15), often erroneously called the Equalities Act 2010, is an act of Parliament of the United Kingdom passed during the Brown ministry with the primary purpose of consolidating, updating and supplementing the numerous prior Acts and Regulations, that formed the basis of anti-discrimination law in mostly England, Scotland and Wales; some sections also apply to Northern Ireland.
See Breastfeeding and Equality Act 2010
Estrogen
Estrogen (oestrogen; see spelling differences) is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.
See Breastfeeding and Estrogen
Extended breastfeeding
In Western countries extended breastfeeding usually means breastfeeding after the age of 12 to 24 months, depending on the culture.
See Breastfeeding and Extended breastfeeding
In cell biology, extracellular fluid (ECF) denotes all body fluid outside the cells of any multicellular organism.
See Breastfeeding and Extracellular fluid
Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) is a United States labor law that creates the right to a minimum wage, and "time-and-a-half" overtime pay when people work over forty hours a week.
See Breastfeeding and Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA) is a United States labor law requiring covered employers to provide employees with job-protected, unpaid leave for qualified medical and family reasons.
See Breastfeeding and Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
Fertility
Fertility in colloquial terms refers the ability to have offspring.
See Breastfeeding and Fertility
Flextime
Flextime (also spelled flexitime (BE) or flex-time) is a flexible hours schedule that allows workers to alter their workday and adjust their start and finish times.
See Breastfeeding and Flextime
Food allergy
A food allergy is an abnormal immune response to food.
See Breastfeeding and Food allergy
Frenulum of the tongue
The frenulum (or frenum) of the tongue, tongue web, lingual frenulum, frenulum linguae, or fraenulum is a small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the human tongue.
See Breastfeeding and Frenulum of the tongue
Galactose
Galactose (galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is about as sweet as glucose, and about 65% as sweet as sucrose.
See Breastfeeding and Galactose
Galactosemia
Galactosemia (British galactosaemia, from Greek γαλακτόζη + αίμα, meaning galactose + blood, accumulation of galactose in blood) is a rare genetic metabolic disorder that affects an individual's ability to metabolize the sugar galactose properly.
See Breastfeeding and Galactosemia
Gastric intubation
Nasogastric intubation is a medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (nasogastric tube or NG tube) through the nose, down the esophagus, and down into the stomach.
See Breastfeeding and Gastric intubation
Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.
See Breastfeeding and Gastrointestinal tract
Genetic variation
Genetic variation is the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations among the same species.
See Breastfeeding and Genetic variation
Gestational age
In obstetrics, gestational age is a measure of the age of a pregnancy taken from the beginning of the woman's last menstrual period (LMP), or the corresponding age of the gestation as estimated by a more accurate method, if available.
See Breastfeeding and Gestational age
Gliadin
Gliadin (a type of prolamin) is a class of proteins present in wheat and several other cereals within the grass genus Triticum.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD), also known as favism, is the most common enzyme deficiency anemia worldwide.
See Breastfeeding and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
Gluten
Gluten is a structural protein naturally found in certain cereal grains.
Gluten-free diet
A gluten-free diet (GFD) is a nutritional plan that strictly excludes gluten, which is a mixture of prolamin proteins found in wheat (and all of its species and hybrids, such as spelt, kamut, and triticale), as well as barley, rye, and oats.
See Breastfeeding and Gluten-free diet
Godparent
In denominations of Christianity, a godparent or sponsor is someone who bears witness to a child's baptism (christening) and later is willing to help in their catechesis, as well as their lifelong spiritual formation.
See Breastfeeding and Godparent
Great Britain
Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland and Wales.
See Breastfeeding and Great Britain
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau (Guiné-Bissau; script; Mandinka: ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫ ߓߌߛߊߥߏ߫ Gine-Bisawo), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (República da Guiné-Bissau), is a country in West Africa that covers with an estimated population of 2,026,778.
See Breastfeeding and Guinea-Bissau
Hand expression of breast milk
Hand expression of breast milk is a technique used by lactating mothers to express breast milk using their hands.
See Breastfeeding and Hand expression of breast milk
Hand washing
Hand washing (or handwashing), also known as hand hygiene, is the act of cleaning one's hands with soap or handwash and water to remove viruses/bacteria/microorganisms, dirt, grease, and other harmful or unwanted substances stuck to the hands.
See Breastfeeding and Hand washing
Hemolysis
Hemolysis or haemolysis, also known by several other names, is the rupturing (lysis) of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and the release of their contents (cytoplasm) into surrounding fluid (e.g. blood plasma).
See Breastfeeding and Hemolysis
Hereditary elliptocytosis
Hereditary elliptocytosis, also known as ovalocytosis, is an inherited blood disorder in which an abnormally large number of the person's red blood cells are elliptical rather than the typical biconcave disc shape.
See Breastfeeding and Hereditary elliptocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis
Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a congenital hemolytic disorder wherein a genetic mutation coding for a structural membrane protein phenotype causes the red blood cells to be sphere-shaped (spherocytosis), rather than the normal biconcave disk shape.
See Breastfeeding and Hereditary spherocytosis
Herpes
Herpes simplex, often known simply as herpes, is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus.
HIV
The human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) are two species of Lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that infect humans.
HuffPost
HuffPost (The Huffington Post until 2017; often abbreviated as HuffPo) is an American progressive news website, with localized and international editions.
See Breastfeeding and HuffPost
Human microbiome
The human microbiome is the aggregate of all microbiota that reside on or within human tissues and biofluids along with the corresponding anatomical sites in which they reside, including the gastrointestinal tract, skin, mammary glands, seminal fluid, uterus, ovarian follicles, lung, saliva, oral mucosa, conjunctiva, and the biliary tract.
See Breastfeeding and Human microbiome
Human milk bank
A human milk bank, breast milk bank or lactarium is a service that collects, screens, processes, pasteurizes, and dispenses by prescription human milk donated by nursing mothers who are not biologically related to the recipient infant.
See Breastfeeding and Human milk bank
Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, is a retrovirus of the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) family.
See Breastfeeding and Human T-lymphotropic virus 1
Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation.
See Breastfeeding and Ibuprofen
Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin A (Ig A, also referred to as sIgA in its secretory form) is an antibody that plays a role in the immune function of mucous membranes.
See Breastfeeding and Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody.
See Breastfeeding and Immunoglobulin G
India
India, officially the Republic of India (ISO), is a country in South Asia.
Infant
An infant or baby is the very young offspring of human beings.
Infant formula
Infant formula, also called baby formula, simply formula (American English), baby milk or infant milk (British English), is an ultra-processed food designed and marketed for feeding to babies and infants under 12 months of age, usually prepared for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from powder (mixed with water) or liquid (with or without additional water).
See Breastfeeding and Infant formula
Infection prevention and control
Infection prevention and control is the discipline concerned with preventing healthcare-associated infections; a practical rather than academic sub-discipline of epidemiology.
See Breastfeeding and Infection prevention and control
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu" or just "flu", is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses.
See Breastfeeding and Influenza
Intelligence
Intelligence has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving.
See Breastfeeding and Intelligence
International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes
The International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes (also known as the WHO Code) is an international health policy framework for breastfeeding promotion adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA) of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1981.
See Breastfeeding and International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes
International unit
In pharmacology, the international unit (IU) is a unit of measurement for the effect or biological activity of a substance, for the purpose of easier comparison across similar forms of substances.
See Breastfeeding and International unit
Jaundice
Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and sclera due to high bilirubin levels.
See Breastfeeding and Jaundice
Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction (from Latin juris 'law' + dictio 'speech' or 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice.
See Breastfeeding and Jurisdiction
Kangaroo care
Kangaroo mother care (KMC), which involves skin-to-skin contact (SSC), is an intervention to care for premature or low birth weight (LBW) infants.
See Breastfeeding and Kangaroo care
La Leche League
La Leche League International (LLLI) is a non-governmental, non-profit organization that organizes advocacy, education, and training related to breastfeeding.
See Breastfeeding and La Leche League
Lactation
Lactation describes the secretion of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young.
See Breastfeeding and Lactation
Lactation consultant
A lactation consultant is a health professional who specializes in the clinical management of breastfeeding.
See Breastfeeding and Lactation consultant
Lactation failure
In breastfeeding, lactation failure may refer to.
See Breastfeeding and Lactation failure
Lactation room
A lactation room (or lactorium) is a private space where a nursing mother can use a breast pump.
See Breastfeeding and Lactation room
Lactoferrin
Lactoferrin (LF), also known as lactotransferrin (LTF), is a multifunctional protein of the transferrin family.
See Breastfeeding and Lactoferrin
Lactose
Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C12H22O11.
Latch (breastfeeding)
Latch refers to how the baby fastens onto the breast while breastfeeding. Breastfeeding and Latch (breastfeeding) are infant feeding.
See Breastfeeding and Latch (breastfeeding)
Late preterm infant
Late preterm infants are infants born at a gestational age between weeks and weeks.
See Breastfeeding and Late preterm infant
Light therapy
Light therapy, also called phototherapy or bright light therapy is the exposure to direct sunlight or artificial light at controlled wavelengths in order to treat a variety of medical disorders, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD), circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, cancers, and skin wound infections.
See Breastfeeding and Light therapy
Linea nigra
Linea nigra (Latin for "black line"), colloquially known as the pregnancy line, manifests as a linear area of heightened pigmentation frequently observed on the abdominal region during pregnancy.
See Breastfeeding and Linea nigra
Longitudinal study
A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over long periods of time (i.e., uses longitudinal data).
See Breastfeeding and Longitudinal study
Low milk supply
In breastfeeding women, low milk supply, also known as lactation insufficiency, insufficient milk syndrome, agalactia, agalactorrhea, hypogalactia or hypogalactorrhea, is the production of breast milk in daily volumes that do not fully meet the nutritional needs of her infant. Breastfeeding and low milk supply are infant feeding.
See Breastfeeding and Low milk supply
Lymphoma
Lymphoma is a group of blood and lymph tumors that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell).
See Breastfeeding and Lymphoma
Malocclusion
In orthodontics, a malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the upper and lower dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close.
See Breastfeeding and Malocclusion
Mammary ridge
The mammary ridge or mammary crest is a primordium specific for the development of mammary glands.
See Breastfeeding and Mammary ridge
Marburg virus disease
Marburg virus disease (MVD), formerly Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF) is a viral hemorrhagic fever in human and non-human primates caused by either of the two Marburgviruses: Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV).
See Breastfeeding and Marburg virus disease
Mastitis
Mastitis is inflammation of the breast or udder, usually associated with breastfeeding.
See Breastfeeding and Mastitis
Melasma
Melasma (also known as chloasma faciei,James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders.. or the mask of pregnancy when present in pregnant women) is a tan or dark skin discoloration.
Meningitis
Meningitis is acute or chronic inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, collectively called the meninges.
See Breastfeeding and Meningitis
Menstruation
Menstruation (also known as a period, among other colloquial terms) is the regular discharge of blood and mucosal tissue from the inner lining of the uterus through the vagina.
See Breastfeeding and Menstruation
Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element; it has symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
See Breastfeeding and Mercury (element)
A metabolic disorder is a disorder that negatively alters the body's processing and distribution of macronutrients, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
See Breastfeeding and Metabolic disorder
Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of at least three of the following five medical conditions: abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
See Breastfeeding and Metabolic syndrome
Michele Barry
Michele Barry is a professor of medicine.
See Breastfeeding and Michele Barry
Milk allergy
Milk allergy is an adverse immune reaction to one or more proteins in cow's milk.
See Breastfeeding and Milk allergy
Milk kinship
Milk kinship, formed during nursing by a non-biological mother, was a form of fostering allegiance with fellow community members.
See Breastfeeding and Milk kinship
Mouth
The mouth is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize.
Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs.
See Breastfeeding and Mucous membrane
Multiple birth
A multiple birth is the culmination of one multiple pregnancy, wherein the mother gives birth to two or more babies.
See Breastfeeding and Multiple birth
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis.
See Breastfeeding and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is the umbrella term for the publicly funded healthcare systems of the United Kingdom, comprising the NHS in England, NHS Scotland and NHS Wales.
See Breastfeeding and National Health Service
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating intestinal disease that affects premature or very low birth weight infants.
See Breastfeeding and Necrotizing enterocolitis
Neologism
In linguistics, a neologism (also known as a coinage) is any newly formed word, term, or phrase that nevertheless has achieved popular or institutional recognition and is becoming accepted into mainstream language.
See Breastfeeding and Neologism
Neonatal jaundice
Neonatal jaundice is a yellowish discoloration of the white part of the eyes and skin in a newborn baby due to high bilirubin levels.
See Breastfeeding and Neonatal jaundice
Nervous system
In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
See Breastfeeding and Nervous system
Nicotine patch
A nicotine patch is a transdermal patch that releases nicotine into the body through the skin.
See Breastfeeding and Nicotine patch
Nipple
The nipple is a raised region of tissue on the surface of the breast from which, in females, milk leaves the breast through the lactiferous ducts to breastfeed an infant.
Nipple bleb
A nipple bleb is a blister on the nipple that can be filled with serous or other fluid.
See Breastfeeding and Nipple bleb
Nobility
Nobility is a social class found in many societies that have an aristocracy.
See Breastfeeding and Nobility
Nursing chair
A nursing chair is a chair that's comfortable when nursing an infant.
See Breastfeeding and Nursing chair
Nutrient
A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce.
See Breastfeeding and Nutrient
Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition, sometimes considered a disease, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that it can potentially have negative effects on health.
Ontario
Ontario is the southernmost province of Canada.
Oral rehydration therapy
Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is a type of fluid replacement used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhea.
See Breastfeeding and Oral rehydration therapy
Orthodontics
Orthodontics is a dentistry specialty that addresses the diagnosis, prevention, management, and correction of mal-positioned teeth and jaws, as well as misaligned bite patterns.
See Breastfeeding and Orthodontics
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear.
See Breastfeeding and Otitis media
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary.
See Breastfeeding and Ovarian cancer
Over-the-counter drug
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines sold directly to a consumer without a requirement for a prescription from a healthcare professional, as opposed to prescription drugs, which may be supplied only to consumers possessing a valid prescription.
See Breastfeeding and Over-the-counter drug
Ovulation
Ovulation is the release of eggs from the ovaries.
See Breastfeeding and Ovulation
Oxytocin
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary.
See Breastfeeding and Oxytocin
Parental leave
Parental leave, or family leave, is an employee benefit available in almost all countries.
See Breastfeeding and Parental leave
Parental leave in the United States
Parental leave (also known as family leave) is regulated in the United States by US labor law and state law.
See Breastfeeding and Parental leave in the United States
Part-time job
A part-time job is a form of employment that carries fewer hours per week than a full-time job.
See Breastfeeding and Part-time job
Pasteurization
In the field of food processing, pasteurization (also pasteurisation) is a process of food preservation in which packaged and unpacked foods (e.g., milk and fruit juices) are treated with mild heat, usually to less than, to eliminate pathogens and extend shelf life.
See Breastfeeding and Pasteurization
Pathogen
In biology, a pathogen (πάθος, "suffering", "passion" and -γενής, "producer of"), in the oldest and broadest sense, is any organism or agent that can produce disease.
See Breastfeeding and Pathogen
Placenta
The placenta (placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation.
See Breastfeeding and Placenta
Placental expulsion
Placental expulsion (also called afterbirth) occurs when the placenta comes out of the birth canal after childbirth.
See Breastfeeding and Placental expulsion
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age.
See Breastfeeding and Polycystic ovary syndrome
Polyethylene
Polyethylene or polythene (abbreviated PE; IUPAC name polyethene or poly(methylene)) is the most commonly produced plastic.
See Breastfeeding and Polyethylene
Polyunsaturated fat
In biochemistry and nutrition, a polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds.
See Breastfeeding and Polyunsaturated fat
Pope Francis
Pope Francis (Franciscus; Francesco; Francisco; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State.
See Breastfeeding and Pope Francis
Postpartum depression
Postpartum depression (PPD), also called postnatal depression, is a mood disorder experienced after childbirth, which can affect men and women.
See Breastfeeding and Postpartum depression
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb).
See Breastfeeding and Pregnancy
Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be dispensed only to those with a medical prescription.
See Breastfeeding and Prescription drug
Preterm birth
Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age, as opposed to full-term delivery at approximately 40 weeks.
See Breastfeeding and Preterm birth
Primate T-lymphotropic virus
The primate T-lymphotropic viruses (PTLVs) are a group of retroviruses that infect primates, using their lymphocytes to reproduce.
See Breastfeeding and Primate T-lymphotropic virus
Primitive reflexes
Primitive reflexes are reflex actions originating in the central nervous system that are exhibited by normal infants, but not neurologically intact adults, in response to particular stimuli.
See Breastfeeding and Primitive reflexes
Progesterone
Progesterone (P4) is an endogenous steroid and progestogen sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and embryogenesis of humans and other species.
See Breastfeeding and Progesterone
Prolactin
Prolactin (PRL), also known as lactotropin and mammotropin, is a protein best known for its role in enabling mammals to produce milk.
See Breastfeeding and Prolactin
Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
See Breastfeeding and Protestantism
Pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine, sold under the brand name Sudafed among others, is a sympathomimetic medication which is used as a decongestant to treat nasal congestion.
See Breastfeeding and Pseudoephedrine
Psychiatric medication
A psychiatric or psychotropic medication is a psychoactive drug taken to exert an effect on the chemical makeup of the brain and nervous system.
See Breastfeeding and Psychiatric medication
Ptosis (breasts)
Ptosis or sagging of the female breast is a natural consequence of aging.
See Breastfeeding and Ptosis (breasts)
Public health
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals".
See Breastfeeding and Public health
Raynaud syndrome
Raynaud syndrome, also known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is a medical condition in which the spasm of small arteries causes episodes of reduced blood flow to end arterioles.
See Breastfeeding and Raynaud syndrome
Recreational drug use
Recreational drug use is the use of one or more psychoactive drugs to induce an altered state of consciousness, either for pleasure or for some other casual purpose or pastime.
See Breastfeeding and Recreational drug use
Red blood cell
Red blood cells (RBCs), referred to as erythrocytes (with -cyte translated as 'cell' in modern usage) in academia and medical publishing, also known as red cells, erythroid cells, and rarely haematids, are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.
See Breastfeeding and Red blood cell
Remote work
Remote work (also called telecommuting, telework, work from home—or WFH as an initialism, hybrid work, and other terms) is the practice of working from one's home or another space rather than from an office.
See Breastfeeding and Remote work
Respiratory tract
The respiratory tract is the subdivision of the respiratory system involved with the process of conducting air to the alveoli for the purposes of gas exchange in mammals.
See Breastfeeding and Respiratory tract
Respiratory tract infection
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are infectious diseases involving the lower or upper respiratory tract.
See Breastfeeding and Respiratory tract infection
Retained placenta
Retained placenta is a condition in which all or part of the placenta or membranes remain in the uterus during the third stage of labour.
See Breastfeeding and Retained placenta
Retina
The retina (or retinas) is the innermost, light-sensitive layer of tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints.
See Breastfeeding and Rheumatoid arthritis
Rickets
Rickets, scientific nomenclature: rachitis (from Greek, meaning 'in or of the spine'), is a condition that results in weak or soft bones in children and is caused by either dietary deficiency or genetic causes.
RNA
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA).
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
See Breastfeeding and Roman Empire
Royal College of Midwives
The Royal College of Midwives (RCM) is a British midwives organisation founded in 1881 by Louisa Hubbard and Zepherina Veitch.
See Breastfeeding and Royal College of Midwives
Royal Women's Hospital
The Royal Women's Hospital, located in the Melbourne suburb of Parkville, is Australia's oldest specialist women's hospital.
See Breastfeeding and Royal Women's Hospital
Sally Thurston
Sarah (Sally) Newcomb Whitney Thurston is an American biostatistician and environmental statistician whose research involves the application of Bayesian hierarchical modeling to problems in environmental health, including work on endocrine disruptors, the effects of mercury in fish on prenatal development, and the health effects of air pollution.
See Breastfeeding and Sally Thurston
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is a strain of coronavirus that causes COVID-19, the respiratory illness responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic.
See Breastfeeding and SARS-CoV-2
Save the Children
The Save the Children Fund, commonly known as Save the Children, is an international, non-governmental organization.
See Breastfeeding and Save the Children
Scotland
Scotland (Scots: Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.
See Breastfeeding and Scotland
Sesame Street
Sesame Street is an American educational children's television series that combines live-action, sketch comedy, animation and puppetry.
See Breastfeeding and Sesame Street
Shingles
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area.
See Breastfeeding and Shingles
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), sometimes known as cot death, is the sudden unexplained death of a child of less than one year of age.
Sit-in
A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change.
Sleep apnea
Sleep apnea is a sleep-related breathing disorder in which repetitive pauses in breathing, periods of shallow breathing, or collapse of the upper airway during sleep results in poor ventilation and sleep disruption.
See Breastfeeding and Sleep apnea
Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus.
See Breastfeeding and Smallpox
Smoking cessation
Smoking cessation, usually called quitting smoking or stopping smoking, is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking.
See Breastfeeding and Smoking cessation
Smooth muscle
Smooth (soft) muscle is one of the three major types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being skeletal and cardiac muscle.
See Breastfeeding and Smooth muscle
Soft palate
The soft palate (also known as the velum, palatal velum, or muscular palate) is, in mammals, the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth.
See Breastfeeding and Soft palate
A supplemental nursing system (SNS), also known as a lactation aid, is a device that consists of a container and a capillary tube. Breastfeeding and supplemental nursing system are infant feeding.
See Breastfeeding and Supplemental nursing system
Surgeon General of the United States
The surgeon general of the United States is the operational head of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC) and thus the leading spokesperson on matters of public health in the federal government of the United States.
See Breastfeeding and Surgeon General of the United States
Tetanus
Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani and characterized by muscle spasms.
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a cannabinoid found in cannabis.
See Breastfeeding and Tetrahydrocannabinol
The Washington Post
The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.
See Breastfeeding and The Washington Post
Transcription factor
In molecular biology, a transcription factor (TF) (or sequence-specific DNA-binding factor) is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
See Breastfeeding and Transcription factor
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria.
See Breastfeeding and Tuberculosis
Type 1 diabetes
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system.
See Breastfeeding and Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), formerly known as adult-onset diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.
See Breastfeeding and Type 2 diabetes
Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with the other type being Crohn's disease.
See Breastfeeding and Ulcerative colitis
UNICEF
UNICEF, originally the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, officially United Nations Children's Fund since 1953, is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
UNICEF UK
UNICEF UK, also known as the United Kingdom Committee for UNICEF, is one of 36 UNICEF national committees based in industrialised countries.
See Breastfeeding and UNICEF UK
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (UAE), or simply the Emirates, is a country in West Asia, in the Middle East.
See Breastfeeding and United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of the continental mainland.
See Breastfeeding and United Kingdom
United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
See Breastfeeding and United States
United States National Library of Medicine
The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library.
See Breastfeeding and United States National Library of Medicine
Upper respiratory tract infection
An upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx or trachea.
See Breastfeeding and Upper respiratory tract infection
Urinary tract infection
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects a part of the urinary tract.
See Breastfeeding and Urinary tract infection
Uterus
The uterus (from Latin uterus,: uteri) or womb is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth.
Vaccinia
Vaccinia virus (VACV or VV) is a large, complex, enveloped virus belonging to the poxvirus family.
See Breastfeeding and Vaccinia
Vasospasm
Vasospasm refers to a condition in which an arterial spasm leads to vasoconstriction.
See Breastfeeding and Vasospasm
Viral load
Viral load, also known as viral burden, is a numerical expression of the quantity of virus in a given volume of fluid, including biological and environmental specimens.
See Breastfeeding and Viral load
Viral load monitoring for HIV
Viral load monitoring for HIV is the regular measurement of the viral load of individual HIV-positive people as part of their personal plan for treatment of HIV/AIDS.
See Breastfeeding and Viral load monitoring for HIV
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble secosteroids responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, and for many other biological effects.
See Breastfeeding and Vitamin D
Weaning
Weaning is the process of gradually introducing an infant human or another mammal to what will be its adult diet while withdrawing the supply of its mother's milk. Breastfeeding and Weaning are infant feeding.
Western world
The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.
See Breastfeeding and Western world
Wet nurse
A wet nurse is a woman who breastfeeds and cares for another's child.
See Breastfeeding and Wet nurse
Whooping cough
Whooping cough, also known as pertussis or the 100-day cough, is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable bacterial disease.
See Breastfeeding and Whooping cough
World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action
The World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action (WABA) is a network of people working on a global scale to eliminate obstacles to breastfeeding and to act on the Innocenti Declaration.
See Breastfeeding and World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action
World Health Assembly
The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the forum through which the World Health Organization (WHO) is governed by its 194 member states.
See Breastfeeding and World Health Assembly
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
See Breastfeeding and World Health Organization
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
See Breastfeeding and World War II
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration.
See Breastfeeding and Yellow fever
1977 Nestlé boycott
A boycott was launched in the United States on July 4, 1977, against the Swiss-based multinational food and drink processing corporation Nestlé.
See Breastfeeding and 1977 Nestlé boycott
See also
Infant feeding
- Amino acid-based formula
- Anti inflammatory agents in breast milk
- Baby bottle
- Baby food
- Baby-led weaning
- BabyNes
- Bellamy's Organic
- Breastfeeding
- Breastfeeding and HIV
- Breastmilk storage and handling
- Chicago Milk Commission
- Delayed onset of lactation
- Enfamil
- Failure to thrive
- Farex
- Feeding disorder
- Haberman Feeder
- Hegen
- Human–animal breastfeeding
- Infant Welfare Society of Chicago
- Infant food safety
- International Baby Food Action Network
- Latch (breastfeeding)
- Lofenalac
- Low milk supply
- Muesli belt malnutrition
- Neonatal hypoglycemia
- Neophobia
- Nipple confusion
- Organic infant formula
- Pablum
- Pedialyte
- Philips Avent
- Premastication
- Rice cereal
- Similac
- Sugar tit
- Supplemental nursing system
- Virginia Angiola Borrino
- Water bottle nipple adapter
- Weaning
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breastfeeding
Also known as Breast Feeding, Breast feed, Breast refusal, Breast-feed, Breast-feeding, Breastfed, Breastfeed, Chest feed, Chestfeeding, Human lactation, Let down reflex, Let-down reflex, Letdown reflex, Maternal-child nursing, Natural postpartum infertility, Nursing mother, Rooting instinct, Suckled, Suckler, Sucklers, Suckles, Suckling, Suckling animals, Suckling behavior, Suckling time, Sucklings, Tandem nursing, .
, C-reactive protein, Caesarean section, Caffeine, Canada, Canadian Paediatric Society, Cannabidiol, Cardiovascular disease, Carnivore, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cerebral palsy, Child care, Child development, Childbirth, Cholesterol, Christianity, Christine Michel Carter, Chromosome abnormality, Circulatory system, Cochrane (organisation), Coeliac disease, Cognitive development, Colostrum, Confounding, COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, Crohn's disease, De Quervain syndrome, Dental arch, Dermatitis, Developed country, Developing country, Diabetes, Diabetes and pregnancy, Diabetes medication, Diarrhea, Diffusion, Diphtheria, Diuretic, Down syndrome, Ebola, Employee benefits, Encephalitis, Endometrial cancer, English-speaking world, Entrepreneur (magazine), Enzyme, Equality Act 2010, Estrogen, Extended breastfeeding, Extracellular fluid, Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, Fertility, Flextime, Food allergy, Frenulum of the tongue, Galactose, Galactosemia, Gastric intubation, Gastrointestinal tract, Genetic variation, Gestational age, Gliadin, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, Gluten, Gluten-free diet, Godparent, Great Britain, Guinea-Bissau, Hand expression of breast milk, Hand washing, Hemolysis, Hereditary elliptocytosis, Hereditary spherocytosis, Herpes, HIV, HuffPost, Human microbiome, Human milk bank, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Ibuprofen, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G, India, Infant, Infant formula, Infection prevention and control, Influenza, Intelligence, International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes, International unit, Jaundice, Jurisdiction, Kangaroo care, La Leche League, Lactation, Lactation consultant, Lactation failure, Lactation room, Lactoferrin, Lactose, Latch (breastfeeding), Late preterm infant, Light therapy, Linea nigra, Longitudinal study, Low milk supply, Lymphoma, Malocclusion, Mammary ridge, Marburg virus disease, Mastitis, Melasma, Meningitis, Menstruation, Mercury (element), Metabolic disorder, Metabolic syndrome, Michele Barry, Milk allergy, Milk kinship, Mouth, Mucous membrane, Multiple birth, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, National Health Service, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Neologism, Neonatal jaundice, Nervous system, Nicotine patch, Nipple, Nipple bleb, Nobility, Nursing chair, Nutrient, Obesity, Ontario, Oral rehydration therapy, Orthodontics, Otitis media, Ovarian cancer, Over-the-counter drug, Ovulation, Oxytocin, Parental leave, Parental leave in the United States, Part-time job, Pasteurization, Pathogen, Placenta, Placental expulsion, Polycystic ovary syndrome, Polyethylene, Polyunsaturated fat, Pope Francis, Postpartum depression, Pregnancy, Prescription drug, Preterm birth, Primate T-lymphotropic virus, Primitive reflexes, Progesterone, Prolactin, Protein, Protestantism, Pseudoephedrine, Psychiatric medication, Ptosis (breasts), Public health, Raynaud syndrome, Recreational drug use, Red blood cell, Remote work, Respiratory tract, Respiratory tract infection, Retained placenta, Retina, Rheumatoid arthritis, Rickets, RNA, Roman Empire, Royal College of Midwives, Royal Women's Hospital, Sally Thurston, SARS-CoV-2, Save the Children, Scotland, Sesame Street, Shingles, SIDS, Sit-in, Sleep apnea, Smallpox, Smoking cessation, Smooth muscle, Soft palate, Supplemental nursing system, Surgeon General of the United States, Tetanus, Tetrahydrocannabinol, The Washington Post, Transcription factor, Tuberculosis, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Ulcerative colitis, UNICEF, UNICEF UK, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, United States National Library of Medicine, Upper respiratory tract infection, Urinary tract infection, Uterus, Vaccinia, Vasospasm, Viral load, Viral load monitoring for HIV, Vitamin D, Weaning, Western world, Wet nurse, Whooping cough, World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action, World Health Assembly, World Health Organization, World War II, Yellow fever, 1977 Nestlé boycott.