Bulus ibn Raja', the Glossary
Būluṣ ibn Rajāʾ (born 950s, died after 1009), nicknamed al-Wāḍiḥ ('the Exposer' or 'Clarifier'), was a Coptic Christian monk, priest and apologist under the Fāṭimid Caliphate.[1]
Table of Contents
33 relations: Al-Aziz Billah, Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah, Aleppo, Apostasy in Islam, Arabic, Bedouin, Cairo, Coptic Encyclopedia, Coptic language, Coptic Orthodox Church, Copto-Arabic literature, El Mahalla El Kubra, Faqīh, Fatimid Caliphate, Hagiography, Hajj, History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church, Ibn al-Rāhib, Ibn Kabar, Islamic calendar, Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq, Latin, Nile Delta, Old Cairo, Philotheos (Coptic patriarch of Alexandria), Quran, Severus ibn al-Muqaffa, Sharia, Shia Islam, Sunni Islam, Tafsir, Wadi El Natrun.
- 10th-century Christian clergy
- 10th-century Christian monks
- 10th-century Christian theologians
- 10th-century Egyptian people
- 10th-century people from the Fatimid Caliphate
- 11th-century Arabic-language writers
- Converts to Oriental Orthodoxy from Islam
- Coptic Orthodox Christians from Egypt
- Coptic Orthodox priests
- Copto-Arabic literature
- Copts from the Fatimid Caliphate
- Prisoners and detainees of the Fatimid Caliphate
- Scholars from the Fatimid Caliphate
Al-Aziz Billah
Abu Mansur Nizar (Abū Manṣūr Nizār; 10 May 955 – 14 October 996), known by his regnal name as al-Aziz Billah (the Mighty One through God), was the fifth caliph of the Fatimid dynasty, from 975 to his death in 996.
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Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah
Abu Tamim Ma'ad al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah (Glorifier of the Religion of God; 26 September 932 – 19 December 975) was the fourth Fatimid caliph and the 14th Ismaili imam, reigning from 953 to 975.
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Aleppo
Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.
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Apostasy in Islam
Apostasy in Islam (translit or label) is commonly defined as the abandonment of Islam by a Muslim, in thought, word, or through deed.
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Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
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Bedouin
The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).
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Cairo
Cairo (al-Qāhirah) is the capital of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, and is the country's largest city, being home to more than 10 million people.
Coptic Encyclopedia
The Coptic Encyclopedia is an eight-volume work covering the history, theology, language, art, architecture, archeology and hagiography of Coptic Egypt.
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Coptic language
Coptic (Bohairic Coptic) is a group of closely related Egyptian dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Copts, starting from the third century AD in Roman Egypt.
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Coptic Orthodox Church
The Coptic Orthodox Church (lit), also known as the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church based in Egypt.
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Copto-Arabic literature
Copto-Arabic literature is the literature of the Copts written in Arabic.
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El Mahalla El Kubra
El Mahalla El Kubra (المحلة الكبرى) – commonly shortened to – is the largest city of the Gharbia Governorate and in the Nile Delta, with a population of 535,278 as of 2012. It is a large industrial and agricultural city in Egypt, located in the middle of the Nile Delta on the western bank of the Damietta Branch tributary.
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Faqīh
A faqīh (fuqahā, فقيه;: ‏فقهاء&lrm) is an Islamic jurist, an expert in fiqh, or Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic Law.
Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.
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Hagiography
A hagiography is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a preacher, priest, founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions.
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Hajj
Hajj (translit; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.
History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria
The History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria is a major historical work of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria.
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Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church
The Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria is the highest Orthodox authority in the Coptic Orthodox Church.
See Bulus ibn Raja' and Holy Synod of the Coptic Orthodox Church
Ibn al-Rāhib
Abū Shākir ibn al-Rāhib (c. 1205 – c. 1295) was a Coptic polymath and encyclopaedist from the golden age of Christian literature in Arabic.
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Ibn Kabar
Ibn Kabar (Shams al-Riʾāsa Abū al-Barakāt ibn Kabar, d. 1324) was a Coptic Christian author of an ecclesiastical encyclopedia known as Mișbâḥ al-ẓulma. Bulus ibn Raja' and ibn Kabar are Coptic Orthodox Christians from Egypt and Coptic Orthodox priests.
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Islamic calendar
The Hijri calendar (translit), or Arabic calendar also known in English as the Muslim calendar and Islamic calendar, is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 lunar months in a year of 354 or 355 days.
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Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq
The Kitāb al-wāḍiḥ bi-l-ḥaqq, known in Latin as the Liber denudationis, is a Copto-Arabic apologetic treatise against Islam. Bulus ibn Raja' and Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq are Copto-Arabic literature.
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Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Nile Delta
The Nile Delta (دلتا النيل, or simply الدلتا) is the delta formed in Lower Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea.
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Old Cairo
Old Cairo (Egyptian pronunciation: Maṣr El-ʾAdīma) is a historic area in Cairo, Egypt, which includes the site of a Roman-era fortress, the Christian settlement of Coptic Cairo, and the Muslim-era settlements pre-dating the founding of Cairo proper in 969 AD.
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Philotheos (Coptic patriarch of Alexandria)
Pope Philotheos of Alexandria, was the 63rd Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of St. Mark.
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Quran
The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).
Severus ibn al-Muqaffa
Severus ibn al-Muqaffaʿ (ساويرس بن المقفع, romanized: Sawirus ibn al-Muqaffa) or Severus of El Ashmunein (ساويرس الأشمونين) (died 987) was a Coptic Orthodox Bishop, author and historian. Bulus ibn Raja' and Severus ibn al-Muqaffa are 10th-century Christian monks, Coptic Orthodox Christians from Egypt, Coptic Orthodox saints and Copts from the Fatimid Caliphate.
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Sharia
Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.
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Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
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Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
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Tafsir
Tafsir (tafsīr; Explanation) refers to exegesis, usually of the Quran.
See Bulus ibn Raja' and Tafsir
Wadi El Natrun
Wadi El Natrun (Arabic: وادي النطرون "Valley of Natron"; Ϣⲓϩⲏⲧ, "measure of the hearts") is a depression in northern Egypt that is located below sea level and below the Nile River level.
See Bulus ibn Raja' and Wadi El Natrun
See also
10th-century Christian clergy
- Þangbrandr
- Aldred the Scribe
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Cosmas the Priest
10th-century Christian monks
- Asser
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Florentius of Valeránica
- John Canaparius
- John of Gorze
- Joseph Busnaya
- Lantfred
- Notker the Stammerer
- Odo of Cluny
- Ratpert of Saint Gall
- Ruotger of Cologne
- Sarlio of Spoleto
- Severus ibn al-Muqaffa
- Thurcytel
10th-century Christian theologians
- Arethas of Caesarea
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Leo Choirosphaktes
- Nicholas Mystikos
- Oecumenius
- Symeon the New Theologian
- Theodore Daphnopates
10th-century Egyptian people
- Al-Tamimi (physician)
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Ibn Yunus
- Muhammad ibn Abd al-Jabbar ibn al-Hasan al-Niffari
- Ya'qub ibn Killis
- Yusuf ibn 'Awkal
10th-century people from the Fatimid Caliphate
- Abdallah ibn al-Mu'izz
- Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i
- Abu Abdullah Ja'far ibn al-Aswad ibn al-Haytham
- Abu Ja'far Ahmad ibn Nasr
- Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Baghdadi
- Abu Yazid
- Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi
- Al-Aswani
- Al-Hasan ibn Ahmad ibn Abi Khinzir
- Al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbi
- Al-Hasan ibn Ammar al-Kalbi
- Al-Hasan ibn Salih al-Rudhabari
- Al-Sayyida al-Mu'iziyya
- Ali ibn Hamdun al-Andalusi
- Ali ibn Muhammad al-Iyadi
- Ali ibn Umar al-Balawi
- Alptakin
- Ammar ibn Ali al-Kalbi
- Bakjur
- Barjawan
- Buluggin ibn Ziri
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Ibn Yunus
- Isa ibn Nasturus ibn Surus
- Isaac Israeli ben Solomon
- Ja'far ibn Ali ibn Hamdun al-Andalusi
- Ja'far ibn Fallah
- Ja'far ibn Mansur al-Yaman
- Ja'far ibn al-Furat
- Jawdhar
- Jawhar (general)
- Joseph II of Jerusalem
- Khalil ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi
- Manjutakin
- Musa ibn Abi'l-Afiya
- Orestes of Jerusalem
- Patriarch Arsenius of Alexandria
- Sabir al-Fata
- Salim ibn Asad ibn Abi Rashid
- Sinan ibn Ulayyan
- Sitt al-Mulk
- Ya'ish
- Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi
- Ya'qub ibn Killis
- Yusuf ibn 'Awkal
- Ziri ibn Manad
11th-century Arabic-language writers
- Abd Allah ibn al-Fadl
- Abu Asim al-Abbadi
- Abu Bakr al-Maliki
- Abu al-'Abbas al-Dabbi
- Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub
- Al-Bakri
- Al-Biruni
- Al-Hasan al-Katib
- Al-Musabbihi
- Baha al-Din al-Muqtana
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Hamza ibn Ali
- Ibn Hayyan
- Ibn al-Khammar
- Ibn al-Tayyib
- Miskawayh
- Umm Al-Kiram
- Wallada bint al-Mustakfi
- Yahya ibn Jarir
Converts to Oriental Orthodoxy from Islam
- Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Eleni of Ethiopia
- George El Mozahem
- Jabala ibn al-Ayham
- Mikael of Wollo
- Ubayd Allah ibn Jahsh
Coptic Orthodox Christians from Egypt
- Abd al-Masih Salib al-Masudi
- Abdel Messih El-Makari
- Abu al-Makarim
- Al-Makīn Jirjis ibn al-ʿAmīd the Younger
- Anba Epiphanius
- Anba George
- Athanasius, Metropolitan of Beni Suef
- Bahaa el-Din Ahmed Hussein el-Akkad
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Claudius Labib
- Dioscorus of Aphrodito
- Emmanuel Saad
- Fayez Sarofim
- Gabriel Abdel El-Metgaly
- George El Mozahem
- George Habib Bebawi
- Habib Girgis
- Hany Ramzy
- Ibn Kabar
- Ibrahim El-Gohary
- Iris Habib Elmasry
- John of Nikiû
- Kamal el-Mallakh
- Karima Kamal
- Maged el-Kedwany
- Maggie Gobran
- Makary Younan
- Master Malati
- Matta El Meskeen
- Menassa Youhanna
- Metropolitan Mikhail of Asyut
- Mikhail Girgis El Batanouny
- Moses (bishop of Awsim)
- Mother Irini
- Nakoula Basseley Nakoula
- Ragheb Moftah
- Sami Farag
- Samih Sawiris
- Sanaa Gamil
- Sawiris family
- Severus ibn al-Muqaffa
- Sidhom Bishay
- Tharwat Bassily
- Theophilus (Coptic archbishop of Jerusalem)
Coptic Orthodox priests
- Abu al-Makarim
- Al-Makīn Jirjis ibn al-ʿAmīd the Younger
- Bishoy Kamel
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Daoud Lamei
- Ibn Kabar
- Makary Younan
- Matta El Meskeen
- Menassa Youhanna
- Zakaria Botros
Copto-Arabic literature
- Arabic–Old French glossary
- Athanasius of Qus
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Chronicon orientale
- Copto-Arabic literature
- Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq
Copts from the Fatimid Caliphate
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Isa ibn Nasturus ibn Surus
- Pope Abraham of Alexandria
- Pope Mina II of Alexandria
- Severus ibn al-Muqaffa
Prisoners and detainees of the Fatimid Caliphate
- Abd al-Rahim ibn Ilyas
- Abu Ja'far Muslim
- Abu Yazid
- Al-Hafiz
- Al-Hasan al-Hajjam ibn Muhammad ibn al-Qasim
- Al-Hasan ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Tughj
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Constantine Dalassenos (duke of Antioch)
- Hasan-i Sabbah
- Haydara al-Mu'taman
- Muhammad ibn Wasul
- Niketas Abalantes
- Ridwan ibn Walakhshi
- Sama' al-Mulk Husayn
- Theophylact Dalassenos
- Yahya ibn Idris ibn Umar
Scholars from the Fatimid Caliphate
- Abu as-Salt
- Al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
- Al-Mubashshir ibn Fatik
- Al-Qadi al-Nu'man
- Al-Tamimi (physician)
- Bulus ibn Raja'
- Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani
- Ibn Yunus
- Ibn al-Jazzar
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulus_ibn_Raja'
Also known as Būluṣ ibn Rajāʾ.