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Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic, the Glossary

Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic was an important area of dispute, and tensions between the Catholic hierarchy and the Republic were apparent from the beginning, eventually leading to the Catholic Church acting against the Republic and in collaboration with the dictatorship of Francisco Franco.^[1]

154 relations: Alejandro Lerroux, Alfonso XII, Alfonso XIII, Almería, Anarchism, Aniceto de Castro Albarrán, Anti-clericalism, Apostasy, Arizona Daily Star, Asturian miners' strike of 1934, Asturias, Augustinians, Álava, Ángel Herrera Oria, Ángel Ossorio y Gallardo, Ballot box, Barbastro, Barcelona, Basque nationalism, Basques, Beatification, Benedictines, Bilbao, Biscay, Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God, Burgos, Canon (title), Canonization, Carlism, Castor oil, Catalan nationalism, Catalonia, Catholic Church, Cádiz, CEDA, Christ the King, Ciudad Real, Civil liberties, Civil marriage, Communism, Concordat, Confederación Nacional del Trabajo, Confessional state, Confiscation, Congregation of Christian Brothers, Constitution of Portugal (1911), Crucifix, Crusades, Cuenca, Spain, Dilectissima Nobis, ... Expand index (104 more) »
History of Catholicism in Spain
Second Spanish Republic

Alejandro Lerroux

Alejandro Lerroux García (4 March 1864, in La Rambla, Córdoba – 25 June 1949, in Madrid) was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party.

See Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Alejandro Lerroux

Alfonso XII

Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo de Borbón y Borbón; 28 November 185725 November 1885), also known as El Pacificador (Spanish: the Peacemaker), was King of Spain from 29 December 1874 to his death in 1885.

See Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Alfonso XII

Alfonso XIII

Alfonso XIII (Spanish: Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena; French: Alphonse Léon Ferdinand Marie Jacques Isidore Pascal Antoine de Bourbon; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941), also known as El Africano or the African due to his Africanist views, was King of Spain from his birth until 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed.

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Almería

Almería is a city and municipality of Spain, located in Andalusia.

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Anarchism

Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is against all forms of authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including the state and capitalism.

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Aniceto de Castro Albarrán

Aniceto de Castro Albarrán (1896 in Martinez (Province of Ávila) – 1981 in Madrid), was a Spanish priest and writer.

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Anti-clericalism

Anti-clericalism is opposition to religious authority, typically in social or political matters.

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Apostasy

Apostasy (defection, revolt) is the formal disaffiliation from, abandonment of, or renunciation of a religion by a person.

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Arizona Daily Star

The Arizona Daily Star is an American daily newspaper based in Tucson, Arizona, and owned by Lee Enterprises.

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Asturian miners' strike of 1934

The Asturian miners' strike of 1934 was a major strike action undertaken by miners in Asturias against the new government which involved the CEDA, from October 4-19. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Asturian miners' strike of 1934 are Second Spanish Republic.

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Asturias

Asturias (Asturies) officially the Principality of Asturias, (Principado de Asturias; Principáu d'Asturies; Galician–Asturian: Principao d'Asturias) is an autonomous community in northwest Spain.

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Augustinians

Augustinians are members of several religious orders that follow the Rule of Saint Augustine, written in about 400 AD by Augustine of Hippo.

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Álava

Álava (in Spanish) or Araba, officially Araba/Álava, is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Álava, former medieval Catholic bishopric and now Latin titular see.

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Ángel Herrera Oria

Ángel Herrera Oria (19 November 1886 – 28 July 1968) was a Spanish journalist and Roman Catholic politician and later a cardinal.

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Ángel Ossorio y Gallardo

Angel Ossorio y Gallardo (b. Madrid, 20 June 1873 - d. Buenos Aires, 19 May 1946) was a Spanish lawyer and statesman.

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Ballot box

A ballot box is a temporarily sealed container, usually a square box though sometimes a tamper resistant bag, with a narrow slot in the top sufficient to accept a ballot paper in an election but which prevents anyone from accessing the votes cast until the close of the voting period.

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Barbastro

Barbastro (Latin: Barbastrum or Civitas Barbastrensis, Aragonese: Balbastro) is a city in the Somontano county, province of Huesca, Spain.

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Barcelona

Barcelona is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain.

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Basque nationalism

Basque nationalism (eusko abertzaletasuna; nacionalismo vasco; nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today scattered between Spain and France.

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Basques

The Basques (or; euskaldunak; vascos; basques) are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture and shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians.

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Beatification

Beatification (from Latin beatus, "blessed" and facere, "to make") is a recognition accorded by the Catholic Church of a deceased person's entrance into Heaven and capacity to intercede on behalf of individuals who pray in their name.

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Benedictines

The Benedictines, officially the Order of Saint Benedict (Ordo Sancti Benedicti, abbreviated as OSB), are a mainly contemplative monastic order of the Catholic Church for men and for women who follow the Rule of Saint Benedict.

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Bilbao

Bilbao is a city in northern Spain, the largest city in the province of Biscay and in the Basque Country as a whole.

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Biscay

Biscay (Bizkaia; Vizcaya) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Vascongadas, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay.

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Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God

The Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God, officially the Hospitaller Order of the Brothers of Saint John of God (abbreviated as OH), are a Catholic religious order founded in 1572.

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Burgos

Burgos is a city in Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León.

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Canon (title)

Canon (translit) is a Christian title usually used to refer to a member of certain bodies in subject to an ecclesiastical rule.

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Canonization

Canonization is the declaration of a deceased person as an officially recognized saint, specifically, the official act of a Christian communion declaring a person worthy of public veneration and entering their name in the canon catalogue of saints, or authorized list of that communion's recognized saints.

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Carlism

Carlism (Karlismo; Carlisme) is a Traditionalist and Legitimist political movement in Spain aimed at establishing an alternative branch of the Bourbon dynasty, one descended from Don Carlos, Count of Molina (1788–1855), on the Spanish throne.

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Castor oil

Castor oil is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans.

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Catalan nationalism

Catalan nationalism promotes the idea that the Catalan people form a distinct nation and national identity.

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Catalonia

Catalonia (Catalunya; Cataluña; Catalonha) is an autonomous community of Spain, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Cádiz

Cádiz is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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CEDA

The Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (CEDA) was a Spanish political party in the Second Spanish Republic. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and CEDA are Second Spanish Republic.

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Christ the King

Christ the King is a title of Jesus in Christianity referring to the idea of the Kingdom of God where Christ is described as being seated at the right hand of God.

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Ciudad Real

Ciudad Real ("Royal City") is a municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha, capital of the province of Ciudad Real.

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Civil liberties

Civil liberties are guarantees and freedoms that governments commit not to abridge, either by constitution, legislation, or judicial interpretation, without due process.

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Civil marriage

A civil marriage is a marriage performed, recorded, and recognized by a government official.

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Communism

Communism (from Latin label) is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products to everyone in the society based on need.

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Concordat

A concordat is a convention between the Holy See and a sovereign state that defines the relationship between the Catholic Church and the state in matters that concern both,René Metz, What is Canon Law? (New York: Hawthorn Books, 1960), pg.

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Confederación Nacional del Trabajo

The (National Confederation of Labor; CNT) is a Spanish confederation of anarcho-syndicalist labor unions, which was long affiliated with the International Workers' Association (AIT).

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Confessional state

A confessional state is a state which officially recognises and practices a particular religion, usually accompanied by a public cult, and at least encourages its citizens to do likewise.

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Confiscation

Confiscation (from the Latin confiscatio "to consign to the fiscus, i.e. transfer to the treasury") is a legal form of seizure by a government or other public authority.

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Congregation of Christian Brothers

The Congregation of Christian Brothers (Congregatio Fratrum Christianorum; abbreviated CFC) is a worldwide religious community within the Catholic Church, founded by Edmund Rice.

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Constitution of Portugal (1911)

The Constitution of Portugal of 1911 (Constituição Política da República Portuguesa, literally "Political Constitution of the Portuguese Republic") was the fourth constitution of Portugal and the first Republican constitution of the Country.

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Crucifix

A crucifix (from the Latin cruci fixus meaning '(one) fixed to a cross') is a cross with an image of Jesus on it, as distinct from a bare cross.

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Crusades

The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.

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Cuenca, Spain

Cuenca is a city and municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha.

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Dilectissima Nobis

Dilectissima Nobis ("On Oppression of the Church of Spain") is an encyclical issued by Pope Pius XI on 3 June 1933, in which he decried persecution of the Church in Spain, citing the expropriation of all Church buildings, episcopal residences, parish houses, seminaries and monasteries. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Dilectissima Nobis are history of Catholicism in Spain.

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Divorce

Divorce (also known as dissolution of marriage) is the process of terminating a marriage or marital union.

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Dominican Order

The Order of Preachers (Ordo Prædicatorum; abbreviated OP), commonly known as the Dominican Order, is a Catholic mendicant order of pontifical right that was founded in France by a Castilian-French priest named Dominic de Guzmán.

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El Debate (Spain)

El Debate is a defunct Spanish Catholic daily newspaper, published in Madrid between 1910 and 1936.

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El País

() is a Spanish-language daily newspaper in Spain.

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Encyclical

An encyclical was originally a circular letter sent to all the churches of a particular area in the ancient Roman Church.

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Engelbert Dollfuss

Engelbert Dollfuß (alternatively: Dolfuss,; 4 October 1892 – 25 July 1934) was an Austrian politician who served as Chancellor and Dictator of Austria between 1932 and 1934.

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Eucharist

The Eucharist (from evcharistía), also known as Holy Communion, the Blessed Sacrament and the Lord's Supper, is a Christian rite that is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance in others.

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Falange Española de las JONS

The Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FE de las JONS) was a fascist political party founded in Spain in 1934 as merger of the Falange Española and the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista.

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Falangism

Falangism (Falangismo) was the political ideology of three political parties in Spain that were known as the Falange, namely first the Falange Española, Falange Española de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FE de las JONS) and afterwards the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FET y de las JONS).

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Fascism

Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation or race, and strong regimentation of society and the economy.

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Federica Montseny

Frederica Montseny i Mañé (1905–1994) was a Spanish anarchist and intellectual who served as Minister of Health and Social Assistance in the Government of the Spanish Republic during the Civil War.

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FET y de las JONS

The Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FET y de las JONS), frequently shortened to just "FET", was the sole legal party of the Francoist regime in Spain.

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Frances Lannon

Dame Frances Lannon DBE FRHistS (born 22 December 1945) is a retired British academic and educator.

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Franciscans

The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders of the Catholic Church.

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Francisco Franco

Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general who led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975 as a dictator, assuming the title Caudillo.

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Francoist Spain

Francoist Spain (España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo.

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French Third Republic

The French Third Republic (Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government.

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General strike

A general strike is a strike action in which participants cease all economic activity, such as working, to strengthen the bargaining position of a trade union or achieve a common social or political goal.

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Gipuzkoa

Gipuzkoa (Guipúzcoa; Guipuscoa) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country.

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Gonzalo Queipo de Llano

Gonzalo Queipo de Llano y Sierra (5 February 1875 - 9 March 1951) was a Spanish Army general.

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Great Depression

The Great Depression (19291939) was a severe global economic downturn that affected many countries across the world.

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Guadix

Guadix (Local pronunciation) is a city and municipality in southern Spain, in the province of Granada.

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Historical Memory Law

Law 52/2007, commonly known as Historical Memory Law (Sp: Ley de Memoria Histórica), recognises and broadens "the rights and establishes measures in favour of those who suffered persecution or violence during the civil war and the dictatorship."in Spanish: por la que se reconocen y amplían derechos y se establecen medidas en favor de quienes padecieron persecución o violencia durante la Guerra Civil y la Dictadura.

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Hugh Thomas, Baron Thomas of Swynnerton

Hugh Swynnerton Thomas, Baron Thomas of Swynnerton (21 October 1931 – 7 May 2017) was an English historian and writer, best known for his book The Spanish Civil War.

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Ignatius of Loyola

Ignatius of Loyola (Ignazio Loiolakoa; Ignacio de Loyola; Ignatius de Loyola; born Íñigo López de Oñaz y Loyola; – 31 July 1556), venerated as Saint Ignatius of Loyola, was a Spanish-French Basque Catholic priest and theologian, who, with six companions, founded the religious order of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), and became its first Superior General, in Paris in 1541.

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Integrism (Spain)

Integrism was a Spanish political philosophy of the late 19th and early 20th century.

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Isabella II

Isabella II (Isabel II, María Isabel Luisa de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias; 10 October 1830 – 9 April 1904) was Queen of Spain from 1833 until her deposition in 1868.

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Jaén, Spain

Jaén is a municipality of Spain and the capital of the province of Jaén, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Jesuits

The Society of Jesus (Societas Iesu; abbreviation: SJ), also known as the Jesuit Order or the Jesuits (Iesuitae), is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome.

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Joan Vilar i Costa

Joan Vilar i Costa (1889–1962) was an ecclesiastical writer.

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John Bosco

John Melchior Bosco, SDB (Giovanni Melchiorre Bosco; Gioann Melchior Bòsch; 16 August 181531 January 1888), popularly known as Don Bosco (IPA), was an Italian Catholic priest, educator and writer of the 19th century.

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José Bergamín

José Bergamín Gutiérrez (Madrid, 1895 – Hondarribia, 28 August 1983) was a Spanish writer, essayist, poet, and playwright.

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José Manuel Gallegos Rocafull

José Manuel Gallegos Rocafull (b. Cádiz, August 21, 1895 - d. Mexico, 1963) was a Spanish priest, canon of the Cathedral of Cordoba, theologian and philosopher.

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José María Gil-Robles

José María Gil-Robles y Gil-Delgado (17 June 1935 – 13 February 2023) was a Spanish lawyer and politician.

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José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones

José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones de León (Salamanca, 27 November 1898 – Madrid, 13 September 1980) was a Spanish politician, leader of the CEDA and a prominent figure in the period leading up to the Spanish Civil War.

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José Ortega y Gasset

José Ortega y Gasset (9 May 1883 – 18 October 1955) was a Spanish philosopher and essayist.

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Juventudes de Acción Popular

The Juventudes de Acción Popular (JAP) was the radicalised youth wing of the CEDA, the main Catholic party during part of the Second Spanish Republic. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Juventudes de Acción Popular are Second Spanish Republic.

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L'Osservatore Romano

L'Osservatore Romano ('The Roman Observer') is the daily newspaper of Vatican City State which reports on the activities of the Holy See and events taking place in the Catholic Church and the world.

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Left-wing politics

Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy as a whole or certain social hierarchies.

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Lleida

Lleida (Lérida) is a city in the west of Catalonia, Spain.

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Madrid

Madrid is the capital and most populous city of Spain.

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Manuel Azaña

Manuel Azaña Díaz (10 January 1880 – 3 November 1940) was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic (1931–1933 and 1936), organizer of the Popular Front in 1935 and the last President of the Republic (1936–1939).

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Manuel Carrasco Formiguera

Manuel Carrasco i Formiguera (3 April 1890 – 9 April 1938), was a Spanish lawyer and Christian democrat Catalan nationalist politician.

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Manuel Giménez Fernández

Manuel Giménez Fernández (May 6, 1896, Seville - February 27, 1968) was a Spanish professor of canon law and politician most famous as Minister of Agriculture in the government of Alejandro Lerroux.

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Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War

During the Spanish Civil War Catholic people faced persecution from the Republican faction of the war, in part due to their support of the nationalists and the recently abolished monarchy. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War are history of Catholicism in Spain.

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Marxism

Marxism is a political philosophy and method of socioeconomic analysis.

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Málaga

Málaga is a municipality of Spain, capital of the Province of Málaga, in the autonomous community of Andalusia.

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Menorca

Menorca or Minorca (from smaller island, later Minorica) is one of the Balearic Islands located in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Spain.

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Miguel Ángel Moratinos

Miguel Ángel Moratinos Cuyaubé (born 8 June 1951) is a Spanish diplomat and politician, a member of the Socialist Workers' Party and was a member of Congress from 2004 to 2011, where he represented Córdoba.

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Miguel de Unamuno

Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo (29 September 1864 – 31 December 1936) was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, professor of Greek and Classics, and later rector at the University of Salamanca.

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Miguel Maura

Miguel Maura Gamazo (13 December 1887 – 3 July 1971) was a Spanish politician who served as the minister of interior in 1931 being the first politician to hold the post in the Second Spanish Republic.

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Miguel Primo de Rivera

Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquis of Estella, GE (8 January 1870 – 16 March 1930), was a Spanish dictator and military officer who ruled as prime minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during the last years of the Bourbon Restoration.

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Moderation

Moderation is the process or trait of eliminating, lessening, or avoiding extremes.

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Moors

The term Moor is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim populations of the Maghreb, al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages.

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Murcia

Murcia is a city in south-eastern Spain, the capital and most populous city of the autonomous community of the Region of Murcia, and the seventh largest city in the country.

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Navarre

Navarre, officially the Chartered Community of Navarre, is a landlocked foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, bordering the Basque Autonomous Community, La Rioja, and Aragon in Spain and Nouvelle-Aquitaine in France.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.

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Niceto Alcalá-Zamora

Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres (6 July 1877 – 18 February 1949) was a Spanish lawyer and politician who served, briefly, as the first prime minister of the Second Spanish Republic, and then—from 1931 to 1936—as its president. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Niceto Alcalá-Zamora are Second Spanish Republic.

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Nuremberg rallies

The Nuremberg rallies (officially, meaning Reich Party Congress) were a series of celebratory events coordinated by the Nazi Party in Germany.

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Our Lady of the Rosary

Our Lady of the Rosary (Beatae Mariae Virginis a Rosario), also known as Our Lady of the Holy Rosary, is a Marian title.

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Parque del Buen Retiro, Madrid

The Retiro Park (Spanish:, literally "Good Retreat Park"), also known as Buen Retiro Park or simply El Retiro, is one of the largest city parks in Madrid, Spain.

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Pedro Segura y Sáenz

Pedro Segura y Sáenz (4 December 1880 – 8 April 1957) was a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Toledo from 1927 to 1931, and Archbishop of Seville from 1937 until 1954.

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Philistinism

In the fields of philosophy and of aesthetics, the term philistinism describes the attitudes, habits, and characteristics of a person who deprecates art, beauty, spirituality, and intellect.

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Piarists

The Piarists, officially named the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools (Ordo Clericorum Regularium pauperum Matris Dei Scholarum Piarum), abbreviated SchP, is a religious order of clerics regular of the Catholic Church founded in 1617 by Spanish priest Joseph Calasanz.

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Plutocracy

A plutocracy or plutarchy is a society that is ruled or controlled by people of great wealth or income.

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Pope Benedict XVI

Pope BenedictXVI (Benedictus PP.; Benedetto XVI; Benedikt XVI; born Joseph Alois Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 19 April 2005 until his resignation on 28 February 2013.

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Pope John Paul II

Pope John Paul II (Ioannes Paulus II; Jan Paweł II; Giovanni Paolo II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła,; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his death in 2005.

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Pope Pius XI

Pope Pius XI (Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was the Bishop of Rome and supreme pontiff of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to 10 February 1939.

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Popular Front (Spain)

The Popular Front (Frente Popular) was an electoral alliance and pact formed in January 1936 to contest that year's general election by various left-wing political organizations during the Second Spanish Republic. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Popular Front (Spain) are Second Spanish Republic.

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Prime Minister of Spain

The prime minister of Spain, officially president of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno), is the head of government of Spain.

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Province of Salamanca

Salamanca is a province of western Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León (Castilla y León).

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Radical Republican Party

The Radical Republican Party (Partido Republicano Radical), sometimes shortened to the Radical Party, was a Spanish Radical party in existence between 1908 and 1936.

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Reactionary

In political science, a reactionary or a reactionist is a person who holds political views that favor a return to the status quo ante—the previous political state of society—which the person believes possessed positive characteristics that are absent from contemporary society.

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Reconquista

The Reconquista (Spanish and Portuguese for "reconquest") or the reconquest of al-Andalus was the successful series of military campaigns that European Christian kingdoms waged against the Muslim kingdoms following the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula by the Umayyad Caliphate. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Reconquista are history of Catholicism in Spain.

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Red Terror (Spain)

Red Terror (Terror Rojo) is the name given by historians to various acts of violence committed from 1936 until the end of the Spanish Civil War by sections of nearly all the leftist groups involved.

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Regime

In politics, a regime (also "régime") is the form of government or the set of rules, cultural or social norms, etc., that regulate the operation of a government or institution and its interactions with society.

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Religious institute

In the Catholic Church, a religious institute is "a society in which members, according to proper law, pronounce public vows, either perpetual or temporary which are to be renewed, however, when the period of time has elapsed, and lead a life of brothers or sisters in common." A religious institute is one of the two types of institutes of consecrated life; the other is the secular institute, where its members are "living in the world".

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Republican Left (Spain)

The Republican Left (Izquierda Republicana) was a Spanish republican party founded in 1934.

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Right-wing politics

Right-wing politics is the range of political ideologies that view certain social orders and hierarchies as inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this position based on natural law, economics, authority, property, religion, biology, or tradition.

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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona and Tudela

The Archdiocese of Pamplona and Tudela (Archidioecesis Pampilonensis et Tudelensis) is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in the cities of Pamplona and Tudela in Spain.

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Roman Catholic Diocese of Cuenca

The Diocese of Cuenca (Dioecesis Conchensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church located in the city of Cuenca in the ecclesiastical province of Toledo in Spain.

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Sacrament

A sacrament is a Christian rite that is recognized as being particularly important and significant.

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Sacred Heart

The Most Sacred Heart of Jesus (Cor Jesu Sacratissimum) is one of the most widely practised and well-known Catholic devotions, wherein the heart of Jesus Christ is viewed as a symbol of "God's boundless and passionate love for mankind".

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Second Spanish Republic

The Spanish Republic, commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic, was the form of democratic government in Spain from 1931 to 1939.

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Segorbe

Segorbe is a municipality in the mountainous coastal province of Castelló, autonomous community of Valencia, Spain.

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Seville

Seville (Sevilla) is the capital and largest city of the Spanish autonomous community of Andalusia and the province of Seville.

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Sigüenza

Sigüenza is a city in the Serranía de Guadalajara comarca, Province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain.

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Spanish Civil War

The Spanish Civil War (Guerra Civil Española) was a military conflict fought from 1936 to 1939 between the Republicans and the Nationalists. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Spanish Civil War are Second Spanish Republic.

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Spanish Constitution of 1931

The Spanish Constitution of 1931 was approved by the Constituent Assembly on 9 December 1931. Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic and Spanish Constitution of 1931 are Second Spanish Republic.

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The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (Partido Socialista Obrero Español; PSOE) is a social-democraticThe PSOE is described as a social-democratic party by numerous sources.

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Stanley G. Payne

Stanley George Payne (born September 9, 1934) is an American historian of modern Spain and European fascism at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

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Tarragona

Tarragona (Tarraco) is a coastal city and municipality in Catalonia (Spain).

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Teruel

Teruel is a city in Aragon, located in eastern Spain, and is also the capital of Teruel Province.

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The Protocols of the Elders of Zion

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is a fabricated text purporting to detail a Jewish plot for global domination.

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Tibidabo

Tibidabo is a hill overlooking Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Toledo, Spain

Toledo is a city and municipality of Spain, the capital of the province of Toledo and the de jure seat of the government and parliament of the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha.

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Tortosa

Tortosa is the capital of the comarca of Baix Ebre, in Catalonia, Spain.

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University of Deusto

The University of Deusto (Universidad de Deusto; Deustuko Unibertsitatea) is a Spanish private university owned by the Society of Jesus, with campuses in Bilbao and San Sebastián, and the Deusto Business School branch in Madrid.

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Valencia

Valencia (officially in Valencian: València) is the capital of the province and autonomous community of the same name in Spain.

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White Terror (Spain)

In the history of Spain, the White Terror (Terror Blanco; also known as the Francoist Repression, la Represión franquista) describes the political repression, including executions and rapes, which were carried out by the Nationalist faction during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), as well as during the following years of the regime of General Francisco Franco.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicism_in_the_Second_Spanish_Republic

Also known as Catholic Church and the Spanish Civil War.

, Divorce, Dominican Order, El Debate (Spain), El País, Encyclical, Engelbert Dollfuss, Eucharist, Falange Española de las JONS, Falangism, Fascism, Federica Montseny, FET y de las JONS, Frances Lannon, Franciscans, Francisco Franco, Francoist Spain, French Third Republic, General strike, Gipuzkoa, Gonzalo Queipo de Llano, Great Depression, Guadix, Historical Memory Law, Hugh Thomas, Baron Thomas of Swynnerton, Ignatius of Loyola, Integrism (Spain), Isabella II, Jaén, Spain, Jesuits, Joan Vilar i Costa, John Bosco, José Bergamín, José Manuel Gallegos Rocafull, José María Gil-Robles, José María Gil-Robles y Quiñones, José Ortega y Gasset, Juventudes de Acción Popular, L'Osservatore Romano, Left-wing politics, Lleida, Madrid, Manuel Azaña, Manuel Carrasco Formiguera, Manuel Giménez Fernández, Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War, Marxism, Málaga, Menorca, Miguel Ángel Moratinos, Miguel de Unamuno, Miguel Maura, Miguel Primo de Rivera, Moderation, Moors, Murcia, Navarre, Nazi Germany, Niceto Alcalá-Zamora, Nuremberg rallies, Our Lady of the Rosary, Parque del Buen Retiro, Madrid, Pedro Segura y Sáenz, Philistinism, Piarists, Plutocracy, Pope Benedict XVI, Pope John Paul II, Pope Pius XI, Popular Front (Spain), Prime Minister of Spain, Province of Salamanca, Radical Republican Party, Reactionary, Reconquista, Red Terror (Spain), Regime, Religious institute, Republican Left (Spain), Right-wing politics, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona and Tudela, Roman Catholic Diocese of Cuenca, Sacrament, Sacred Heart, Second Spanish Republic, Segorbe, Seville, Sigüenza, Spanish Civil War, Spanish Constitution of 1931, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Stanley G. Payne, Tarragona, Teruel, The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Tibidabo, Toledo, Spain, Tortosa, University of Deusto, Valencia, White Terror (Spain), Women's suffrage, Working-class culture, 1933 Spanish general election, 1936 in the Spanish Civil War.

Catholicism in the Second Spanish Republic, the Glossary

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