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Caucasus Greeks, the Glossary

The Caucasus Greeks (Έλληνες τουΚαυκάσουor more commonly Καυκάσιοι Έλληνες, Kafkas Rum), also known as the Greeks of Transcaucasia and Russian Asia Minor, are the ethnic Greeks of the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia in what is now southwestern Russia, Georgia, and northeastern Turkey.^[1]

159 relations: Aşağıbakraçlı, Şenkaya, Abkhazia, Alevism, Anatolia, Andronikashvili, Ardahan, Argyroupoli, Rethymno, Armenian language, Armenians, Çakırüzüm, Göle, Çamlıçatak, Çayırbaşı, Göle, Çetinsu, Ardahan, Çimenkaya, Ardahan, Ünlükaya, İnceçay, Şenkaya, İnkaya, Şenkaya, Bagrationi dynasty, Batum oblast, Beslan school siege, Bolsheviks, Byzantine Empire, Caucasian War, Caucasus Army (Russian Empire, 1914–1917), Caucasus Germans, Chrysanthos Theodoridis, Communist Party of Greece, Constantine Kromiadi, Cretan Muslims, Crimean Tatars, Crypto-Christianity, Cyrus of Alexandria, Czechoslovakia, David of Trebizond, Dedekılıcı, Göle, Demotic Greek, Dereyolu, Göle, Doukas, Doukhobors, Drama (regional unit), Eastern Anatolia Region, Eastern Bloc, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, Eduard Sharmazanov, ELAS, Empire of Trebizond, Erzincan, Erzurum, Erzurum offensive, ... Expand index (109 more) »
Greek diaspora
Greek minorities

Aşağıbakraçlı, Şenkaya

Aşağıbakraçlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şenkaya, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Aşağıbakraçlı, Şenkaya

Abkhazia

Abkhazia, officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Abkhazia

Alevism

Alevism (Alevilik;; Ələvilik) is a heterodox and syncretic Islamic tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical Islamic teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, who supposedly taught the teachings of the Twelve Imams, whilst incorporating some traditions from Tengrism.

See Caucasus Greeks and Alevism

Anatolia

Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.

See Caucasus Greeks and Anatolia

Andronikashvili

The House of Andronikashvili (ანდრონიკაშვილები), sometimes known as Endronikashvili (ენდრონიკაშვილები), was a countly family in Georgia who claimed descent from emperor Andronicos I of the Eastern Roman Empire and played a prominent role in political, military and religious life of Georgia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Andronikashvili

Ardahan

Ardahan (tr; translit) is a city in northeastern Turkey, near the Georgian border.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ardahan

Argyroupoli, Rethymno

Argyroupoli (Αργυρούπολη) is a village in the municipality of Rethymno, Rethymno regional unit, Crete, Greece, with a population of 313 (2021 census) and an altitude of 260 m. It was previously known as Lappa or Lampa, Stimboli, and Polis.

See Caucasus Greeks and Argyroupoli, Rethymno

Armenian language

Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.

See Caucasus Greeks and Armenian language

Armenians

Armenians (hayer) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Armenian highlands of West Asia. Caucasus Greeks and Armenians are peoples of the Caucasus.

See Caucasus Greeks and Armenians

Çakırüzüm, Göle

Çakırüzüm is a village in the Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Çakırüzüm, Göle

Çamlıçatak

Çamlıçatak is a village in the Ardahan District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Çamlıçatak

Çayırbaşı, Göle

Çayırbaşı is a village in the Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Çayırbaşı, Göle

Çetinsu, Ardahan

Çetinsu is a village in the Ardahan District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Çetinsu, Ardahan

Çimenkaya, Ardahan

Çimenkaya is a village in the Ardahan District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Çimenkaya, Ardahan

Ünlükaya

Ünlükaya (formerly: Narman) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Oltu, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ünlükaya

İnceçay, Şenkaya

İnceçay is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şenkaya, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and İnceçay, Şenkaya

İnkaya

İnkaya is a village in Sarıkamış District of Kars Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and İnkaya

Şenkaya

Şenkaya (Bardûz) is a municipality and district of Erzurum Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Şenkaya

Bagrationi dynasty

The Bagrationi dynasty is a royal dynasty which reigned in Georgia from the Middle Ages until the early 19th century, being among the oldest extant Christian ruling dynasties in the world.

See Caucasus Greeks and Bagrationi dynasty

Batum oblast

The Batum oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, with the Black Sea port of Batum (present-day Batumi) as its administrative center.

See Caucasus Greeks and Batum oblast

Beslan school siege

The Beslan school siege (also referred to as the Beslan school hostage crisis or the Beslan massacre) was a Islamic terrorist attack that started on 1 September 2004.

See Caucasus Greeks and Beslan school siege

Bolsheviks

The Bolsheviks (italic,; from большинство,, 'majority'), led by Vladimir Lenin, were a far-left faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the Second Party Congress in 1903.

See Caucasus Greeks and Bolsheviks

Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

See Caucasus Greeks and Byzantine Empire

Caucasian War

The Caucasian War (translit) or the Caucasus War was a 19th-century military conflict between the Russian Empire and various peoples of the North Caucasus who resisted subjugation during the Russian conquest of the Caucasus.

See Caucasus Greeks and Caucasian War

Caucasus Army (Russian Empire, 1914–1917)

The Russian Caucasus Army (Кавказскaя армия) of World War I was the Russian field army that fought in the Caucasus Campaign and Persian Campaign of World War I. It was renowned for inflicting heavy casualties on the opposing forces of the Ottoman Empire, particularly at the Battle of Sarikamish.

See Caucasus Greeks and Caucasus Army (Russian Empire, 1914–1917)

Caucasus Germans

Caucasus Germans (Kaukasiendeutsche) are part of the German minority in Russia and the Soviet Union. Caucasus Greeks and Caucasus Germans are ethnic groups in Russia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Caucasus Germans

Chrysanthos Theodoridis

Chrysanthos Theodoridis, or simply Chrysanthos (Χρύσανθος Θεοδωρίδης; 22 December 1933 – 30 March 2005) was a Greek singer and songwriter.

See Caucasus Greeks and Chrysanthos Theodoridis

Communist Party of Greece

The Communist Party of Greece (Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommounistikó Kómma Elládas, KKE) is a Marxist–Leninist political party in Greece.

See Caucasus Greeks and Communist Party of Greece

Constantine Kromiadi

Constantine Gregorievich Kromiadi (Константин Григориевич Кромиади, Κωνσταντίνος Γκριγκόριεβιτς Κρομιάδης; 21 January 1893 – 25 April 1990) was a Russian military officer of Greek origin.

See Caucasus Greeks and Constantine Kromiadi

Cretan Muslims

The Cretan Muslims or Cretan Turks (Τουρκοκρητικοί or Τουρκοκρήτες, Tourkokritikí or Tourkokrítes; Giritli, Girit Türkleri, or Giritli Türkler; أتراك كريت) were the Muslim inhabitants of the island of Crete.

See Caucasus Greeks and Cretan Muslims

Crimean Tatars

Crimean Tatars or Crimeans are a Turkic ethnic group and nation native to Crimea. Caucasus Greeks and Crimean Tatars are ethnic groups in Russia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Crimean Tatars

Crypto-Christianity

Crypto-Christianity is the secret adherence to Christianity, while publicly professing to be another faith; people who practice crypto-Christianity are referred to as "crypto-Christians".

See Caucasus Greeks and Crypto-Christianity

Cyrus of Alexandria

Cyrus of Alexandria (المقوقس al-Muqawqis, Κῦρος Ἀλεξανδρείας.; 6th century - 21 March 642) was a prominent figure in the 7th century.

See Caucasus Greeks and Cyrus of Alexandria

Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a landlocked state in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.

See Caucasus Greeks and Czechoslovakia

David of Trebizond

David Megas Komnenos (David Megas Komnēnos; – 1 November 1463) was the last Emperor of Trebizond from 1460 to 1461.

See Caucasus Greeks and David of Trebizond

Dedekılıcı, Göle

Dedekılıcı is a village in the Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Dedekılıcı, Göle

Demotic Greek

Demotic Greek or Dimotiki (Δημοτική Γλώσσα) is the standard spoken language of Greece in modern times and, since the resolution of the Greek language question in 1976, the official language of Greece.

See Caucasus Greeks and Demotic Greek

Dereyolu, Göle

Dereyolu is a village in the Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Dereyolu, Göle

Doukas

The House of Doukas (pl. Doukai; Δούκας, pl. Δούκαι, feminine form Doukaina; Δούκαινα), Latinized as Ducas, was a Byzantine Greek noble family, whose branches provided several notable generals and rulers to the Byzantine Empire in the 9th–11th centuries.

See Caucasus Greeks and Doukas

Doukhobors

The Doukhobors (Canadian spelling) or Dukhobors (dukhobory, dukhobortsy) are a Spiritual Christian ethnoreligious group of Russian origin.

See Caucasus Greeks and Doukhobors

Drama (regional unit)

Drama (Περιφερειακή Ενότητα Δράμας, Perifereiakí Enótita Drámas) is one of the regional units of Greece.

See Caucasus Greeks and Drama (regional unit)

Eastern Anatolia Region

The Eastern Anatolia Region (Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Eastern Anatolia Region

Eastern Bloc

The Eastern Bloc, also known as the Communist Bloc (Combloc), the Socialist Bloc, and the Soviet Bloc, was the unofficial coalition of communist states of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America that were aligned with the Soviet Union and existed during the Cold War (1947–1991).

See Caucasus Greeks and Eastern Bloc

Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople

The Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (translit,; Patriarchatus Oecumenicus Constantinopolitanus; Rum Ortodoks Patrikhanesi, İstanbul Ekümenik Patrikhanesi, "Roman Orthodox Patriarchate, Ecumenical Patriarchate") is one of the fifteen to seventeen autocephalous churches (or "jurisdictions") that together compose the Eastern Orthodox Church.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople

Eduard Sharmazanov

Eduard Sharmazanov (Էդուարդ Շարմազանով; born 8 November 1975) is an Armenian politician.

See Caucasus Greeks and Eduard Sharmazanov

ELAS

The Greek People's Liberation Army (Ελληνικός Λαϊκός Απελευθερωτικός Στρατός (ΕΛΑΣ), Ellinikós Laïkós Apeleftherotikós Stratós; ELAS) was the military arm of the left-wing National Liberation Front (EAM) during the period of the Greek resistance until February 1945, when, following the Dekemvriana clashes and the Varkiza Agreement, it was disarmed and disbanded.

See Caucasus Greeks and ELAS

Empire of Trebizond

The Empire of Trebizond or the Trapezuntine Empire was a successor state of the Byzantine Empire that existed during the 13th through to the 15th century.

See Caucasus Greeks and Empire of Trebizond

Erzincan

Erzincan (script), historically Yerznka (Երզնկա), is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Erzincan

Erzurum

Erzurum is a city in eastern Anatolia, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Erzurum

Erzurum offensive

The Erzurum offensive (Erzurumskoe srazhenie; Erzurum Taarruzu) or Battle of Erzurum (Erzurum Muharebesi) was a major winter offensive by the Imperial Russian Army on the Caucasus Campaign, during the First World War that led to the capture of the strategic city of Erzurum.

See Caucasus Greeks and Erzurum offensive

Estonians

Estonians or Estonian people (eestlased) are a Baltic Finnic ethnic group who speak the Estonian language.

See Caucasus Greeks and Estonians

Filaret Galchev

Filaret Galchev (Филарет Гальчев; Filaretos Kaltsidis; born 26 May 1963) is a Russian-Greek businessman who is former owner and chairman of Eurocement group.

See Caucasus Greeks and Filaret Galchev

First Republic of Armenia

The First Republic of Armenia, officially known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia (translit), was an independent Armenian state that existed from May (28th de jure, 30th de facto) 1918 to 2 December 1920 in the Armenian-populated territories of the former Russian Empire known as Eastern or Russian Armenia.

See Caucasus Greeks and First Republic of Armenia

Fyodor Yurchikhin

Fyodor Nikolayevich Yurchikhin (Greek: Θεόδωρος Γιουρτσίχιν τουΝικόλαου; born 3 January 1959) is a Russian cosmonaut of Pontic Greek descent, engineer and RSC Energia test-pilot who has flown on five spaceflights.

See Caucasus Greeks and Fyodor Yurchikhin

Gavras

Gavras (Γαβράς), also transliterated Gabras or Gauras, is a Greek surname.

See Caucasus Greeks and Gavras

Gaziler, Şenkaya

Gaziler is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şenkaya, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Gaziler, Şenkaya

Göle

Göle (translit; tr; Mêrdînik) is a small city in Ardahan Province of Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Göle

Gülbahar

Gülbahar is a Turkish given name for females and may refer to.

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Gümüşhane

Gümüşhane is a city in the Black Sea Region of Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Gümüşhane

George Gurdjieff

George Ivanovich Gurdjieff (c. 1867 – 29 October 1949) was a philosopher, mystic, spiritual teacher, composer, and dance teacher.

See Caucasus Greeks and George Gurdjieff

George of Drama

George of Drama (Ὁ Όσιος Γεώργιος της Δράμας, დრამის წმინდა გიორგი, January 1, 1901 – November 4, 1959) was a Caucasus Greek elder known for his gifts of spiritual discernment and clairvoyance.

See Caucasus Greeks and George of Drama

Georgia (country)

Georgia is a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and West Asia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Georgia (country)

Georgians

The Georgians, or Kartvelians (tr), are a nation and Caucasian ethnic group native to present-day Georgia and surrounding areas historically associated with the Georgian kingdoms. Caucasus Greeks and Georgians are ethnic groups in Russia and peoples of the Caucasus.

See Caucasus Greeks and Georgians

Georgians in Turkey

Georgians in Turkey (tr) refers to citizens and denizens of Turkey who are, or descend from, ethnic Georgians.

See Caucasus Greeks and Georgians in Turkey

Gezenek, Şenkaya

Gezenek is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şenkaya, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Gezenek, Şenkaya

Greek Caucasus Division

The Greek Caucasus Division (Ελληνική Μεραρχία τουΚαυκάσου), was a division of the Russian Army composed of ethnic Greeks from the Caucasus and Pontus regions during World War I. Caucasus Greeks and Greek Caucasus Division are Pontic Greeks.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greek Caucasus Division

Greek Civil War

The Greek Civil War (translit) took place from 1946 to 1949.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greek Civil War

Greek Muslims

Greek Muslims, also known as Grecophone Muslims, are Muslims of Greek ethnic origin whose adoption of Islam (and often the Turkish language and identity) dates to the period of Ottoman rule in the southern Balkans.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greek Muslims

Greek War of Independence

The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution or the Greek Revolution of 1821, was a successful war of independence by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1829.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greek War of Independence

Greeks

The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Anatolia, parts of Italy and Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with many Greek communities established around the world..

See Caucasus Greeks and Greeks

Greeks in Armenia

The Greeks in Armenia, like the other groups of Caucasus Greeks such as the Greeks in Georgia, are mainly descendants of the Pontic Greeks, who originally lived along the shores of the Black Sea, in the uplands of the Pontic Alps, and other parts of northeastern Anatolia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greeks in Armenia

Greeks in Azerbaijan

The Greeks in Azerbaijan have not formed a large community in comparison to those in neighbouring Georgia and Armenia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greeks in Azerbaijan

Greeks in Georgia

The Greeks in Georgia, which in academic circles is often considered part of the broader, historic community of Pontic Greeks or—more specifically in this region—Caucasus Greeks, is estimated at between 15,000 and 20,000 people to 100,000 (15,166 according to the latest census (retrieved 5 April 2008)) down from about 100,000 in 1989.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greeks in Georgia

Greeks in Russia and Ukraine

Greeks have been present in what is now southern Russia from the 6th century BC; those settlers assimilated into the indigenous populations. Caucasus Greeks and Greeks in Russia and Ukraine are ethnic groups in Russia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Greeks in Russia and Ukraine

Halefoğlu, Kars

Halefoğlu is a village in the Kars District, Kars Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Halefoğlu, Kars

Hanak

Hanak is a town in Ardahan Province of Turkey, on the road from Ardahan to Posof.

See Caucasus Greeks and Hanak

Heraclius II of Georgia

Heraclius II, also known as Erekle II (ერეკლე II) and The Little Kakhetian (პატარა კახი; 7 November 1720 or 7 October 1721 – 11 January 1798), was a Georgian monarch (mepe) of the Bagrationi dynasty, reigning as the king of Kakheti from 1744 to 1762, and of Kartli and Kakheti from 1762 until 1798.

See Caucasus Greeks and Heraclius II of Georgia

Horasan

Horasan, is a municipality and district of Erzurum Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Horasan

House of Gurieli

The House of Gurieli was a Georgian princely (mtavari) family and a ruling dynasty (dukes) of the southwestern Georgian province of Guria, which was autonomous and later, for a few centuries, independent.

See Caucasus Greeks and House of Gurieli

Islam in Georgia (country)

Islam in Georgia was introduced in 654 when an army sent by the Third Caliph of Islam, Uthman, conquered Eastern Georgia and established Muslim rule in Tbilisi.

See Caucasus Greeks and Islam in Georgia (country)

Ivan Savvidis

Ivan Ignatyevich Savvidi (Иван Игнатьевич Саввиди,, translit,, ივან ეგნატეს ძე სავიდი, Ivan Egnates dze Savidi,, also known as Ivan Savvidis; born 27 March 1959), is a Russian-Greek businessman, named by some media as an oligarch. Caucasus Greeks and Ivan Savvidis are Pontic Greeks.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ivan Savvidis

Ivane Andronikashvili

Prince Ivane Andronikashvili (ივანე ანდრონიკაშვილი; Ivan Malkhazovich Andronnikov; 1798 – November 19, 1868) was a Russian general from the Georgian noble Andronikashvili family.

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Kağızman

Kağızman (Qaxizman), formerly Kaghzvan, is a town in Kars Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kağızman

Kakhi Kakhiashvili

Kakhi Kakhiashvili (კახი კახიაშვილი, Ακάκιος "Κάχι" Κακιασβίλης; born 13 July 1969 in Tskhinvali, Georgian SSR, USSR) is a Georgian-Greek weightlifter, one of only five weightlifters to have won three consecutive gold medals at Olympic Games.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kakhi Kakhiashvili

Kars

Kars (or; Qars; Qers) is a city in northeast Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kars

Kars oblast

The Kars oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire between 1878 and 1917.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kars oblast

Kartalpınar, Ardahan

Kartalpınar is a village in the Ardahan District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kartalpınar, Ardahan

Katharevousa

Katharevousa (Καθαρεύουσα,, literally "purifying ") is a conservative form of the Modern Greek language conceived in the late 18th century as both a literary language and a compromise between Ancient Greek and the contemporary vernacular, Demotic Greek.

See Caucasus Greeks and Katharevousa

Kaynak, Şenkaya

Kaynak is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şenkaya, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kaynak, Şenkaya

Kilkis

Kilkis (Κιλκίς) is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kilkis

Komnenos

The House of Komnenos (pl. Komnenoi; Κομνηνός, pl. Κομνηνοί), Latinized as Comnenus (pl. Comneni), was a Byzantine Greek noble family who ruled the Byzantine Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries.

See Caucasus Greeks and Komnenos

Kurds

Kurds or Kurdish people (rtl, Kurd) are an Iranic ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kurds

Kuzupınarı, Göle

Kuzupınarı is a neighbourhood of the town Köprülü, Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Kuzupınarı, Göle

Lala Mustafa Pasha's Caucasian campaign

Lala Mustafa Pasha's Caucasian campaign was a military expedition launched in 1578 by Lala Mustafa Pasha, a grand-vizier of the expanding Ottoman Empire.

See Caucasus Greeks and Lala Mustafa Pasha's Caucasian campaign

Laz language

The Laz language or Lazuri is a Kartvelian language spoken by the Laz people on the southeastern shore of the Black Sea.

See Caucasus Greeks and Laz language

Lesser Caucasus

The Lesser Caucasus or Lesser Caucasus Mountains, also called Caucasus Minor, is the second of the two main ranges of the Caucasus Mountains, of length about.

See Caucasus Greeks and Lesser Caucasus

Lithuanians

Lithuanians (lietuviai) are a Baltic ethnic group.

See Caucasus Greeks and Lithuanians

Macedonia (Greece)

Macedonia (Makedonía) is a geographic and former administrative region of Greece, in the southern Balkans.

See Caucasus Greeks and Macedonia (Greece)

Mariupol

Mariupol (Маріуполь; Мариуполь,; Marioúpoli) is a city in Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine.

See Caucasus Greeks and Mariupol

Marneuli

Marneuli (მარნეული, Sarvan) is a city in the Kvemo Kartli region of southern Georgia and administrative center of Marneuli Municipality that borders neighboring Azerbaijan and Armenia.

See Caucasus Greeks and Marneuli

Mehmed IV

Mehmed IV (Meḥmed-i rābi; IV.; 2 January 1642 – 6 January 1693), also known as Mehmed the Hunter (Avcı Mehmed), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1648 to 1687.

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Meskhetian Turks

Meskhetian Turks, also referred to as Turkish Meskhetians, Ahiska Turks, and Turkish Ahiskans, (მესხეთის თურქები Meskhetis turk'ebi) are a subgroup of ethnic Turkish people formerly inhabiting the Meskheti region of Georgia, along the border with Turkey. Caucasus Greeks and Meskhetian Turks are ethnic groups in Russia and peoples of the Caucasus.

See Caucasus Greeks and Meskhetian Turks

Mikhail Afanasov

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Afanasov (Russian: Михаил Александрович Афанасов; born on 15 June 1953), is a Russian politician, and economist, who is currently the Senator from Stavropol Krai on Executive Authority since 11 November 2020.

See Caucasus Greeks and Mikhail Afanasov

Molokans

The Molokans (p or молоканин, "dairy-eater") are a Russian Spiritual Christian sect that evolved from Eastern Orthodoxy in the East Slavic lands.

See Caucasus Greeks and Molokans

National Liberation Front (Greece)

The National Liberation Front (Εθνικό Απελευθερωτικό Μέτωπο, Ethnikó Apeleftherotikó Métopo (EAM) was an alliance of various political parties and organizations which fought to liberate Greece from Axis Occupation.

See Caucasus Greeks and National Liberation Front (Greece)

North Caucasus

The North Caucasus, or Ciscaucasia, is a region in Europe governed by Russia.

See Caucasus Greeks and North Caucasus

Oltu

Oltu is a municipality and district of Erzurum Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Oltu

Oluklu, Selim

Oluklu is a village in the Selim District of Kars Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Oluklu, Selim

Omari Tetradze

Omari Mikhaylovich Tetradze (Омари Михайлович Тетрадзе, ომარ თეთრაძე, Ομάρι Τετράντζε; born 13 October 1969 as Omari Mikhaylovich Osipov) is a Georgian-Russian professional football manager and former player.

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Ormanlı, Şenkaya

Ormanlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Şenkaya, Erzurum Province in Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ormanlı, Şenkaya

Ossetians

The Ossetians (or; Ossetic), also known as Ossetes, Ossets, and Alans, are an Eastern Iranian ethnic group who are indigenous to Ossetia, a region situated across the northern and southern sides of the Caucasus Mountains. Caucasus Greeks and Ossetians are ethnic groups in Russia and peoples of the Caucasus.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ossetians

Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856

The Imperial Reform Edict (اصلاحات خط همايونى, Islâhat Hatt-ı Hümâyûnu; Modern Islâhat Fermânı) was a February 18, 1856 edict of the Ottoman government and part of the Tanzimat reforms.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856

Ovapınar, Ardahan

Ovapınar is a village in the Ardahan District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

See Caucasus Greeks and Ovapınar, Ardahan

Pamphylia Tanailidi

Pamphylia Tanailidi, often spelled as Panfilia Tanailidi (Panfiliya Tanailidi., Παμφυλία Ταναϊλίδη; 1891, Bashkand – 15 October 1937, Baku) was an Azerbaijani actress of Pontic Greek origin.

See Caucasus Greeks and Pamphylia Tanailidi

Phasis (town)

Phasis (Φᾶσις; ფაზისი) was an ancient and early medieval city on the eastern Black Sea coast, founded in the 7th or 6th century BC as a colony of the Milesian Greeks at the mouth of the eponymous river in Colchis.

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Polish people

Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe.

See Caucasus Greeks and Polish people

Pontic Greek

Pontic Greek (translit, translit; Rumca or Romeika) is a variety of Modern Greek indigenous to the Pontus region on the southern shores of the Black Sea, northeastern Anatolia, and the Eastern Turkish and Caucasus region. Caucasus Greeks and Pontic Greek are Pontic Greeks.

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Pontic Greeks

The Pontic Greeks (Ρωμαίοι, Ρωμιοί; Pontus Rumları or Karadeniz Rumları; Πόντιοι, or Ελληνοπόντιοι,; პონტოელი ბერძნები), also Pontian Greeks or simply Pontians, are an ethnically Greek group indigenous to the region of Pontus, in northeastern Anatolia (in Turkey). Caucasus Greeks and Pontic Greeks are ethnic groups in Russia and peoples of the Caucasus.

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Pontic Mountains

The Pontic Mountains or Pontic Alps (Turkish: Kuzey Anadolu Dağları, meaning North Anatolian Mountains) form a mountain range in northern Anatolia, Turkey.

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Pontus (region)

Pontus or Pontos (translit) is a region on the southern coast of the Black Sea, located in the modern-day eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey.

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Reşid Mehmed Pasha

Reşid Mehmed Pasha, also known as Kütahı (Μεχμέτ Ρεσίτ πασάς Κιουταχής, 1780–1836), was an Ottoman statesman and general who reached the post of Grand Vizier in the first half of the 19th century, playing an important role in the Greek War of Independence.

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Reforms of Russian orthography

Russian orthography has been reformed officially and unofficially by changing the Russian alphabet over the course of the history of the Russian language.

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Republic of Pontus

The Republic of Pontus (Δημοκρατία τουΠόντου, Dimokratía tou Póntou) was a proposed Pontic Greek state on the southern coast of the Black Sea.

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Russia

Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia.

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Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

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Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829)

The Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829 resulted from the Greek War of Independence of 1821–1829; war broke out after the Ottoman Sultan Mahmud II closed the Dardanelles to Russian ships and in November 1827 revoked the 1826 Akkerman Convention in retaliation for the participation of the Imperial Russian Navy in the Battle of Navarino of October 1827.

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Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)

The Russo-Turkish War (lit, named for the year 1293 in the Islamic calendar; Russko-turetskaya voyna, "Russian–Turkish war") was a conflict between the Ottoman Empire and a coalition led by the Russian Empire which included Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro.

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Samtskhe–Javakheti

Samtskhe–Javakheti (სამცხე-ჯავახეთი) is a region (mkhare) in southern Georgia with a population of 147.400 (2023) and an area of.

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Sarıkamış

Sarıkamış or Sarikamish (Zerqamîş) is a town in Kars Province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey.

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Selim District

Selim District is a district of the Kars Province of Turkey.

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Selim I

Selim I (سليماول; I.; 10 October 1470 – 22 September 1520), known as Selim the Grim or Selim the Resolute (Yavuz Sultan Selim), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520.

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Sergey Merkurov

Sergey Dmitriyevich Merkurov (Серге́й Дми́триевич Мерку́ров, – 8 June 1952) was a Soviet sculptor-monumentalist of Greek-Armenian descent.

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South Caucasus

The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains.

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Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.

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Stavropol Krai

Stavropol Krai (p), also known as Stavropolye (p), is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia.

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Tahtakıran, Göle

Tahtakıran is a village in the Göle District, Ardahan Province, Turkey.

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Tbilisi

Tbilisi (თბილისი), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis, (tr) is the capital and largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of around 1.2 million people.

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Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη), also known as Thessalonica, Saloniki, Salonika, or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece, with slightly over one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of the geographic region of Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.

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Trabzon

Trabzon, historically known as Trebizond, is a city on the Black Sea coast of northeastern Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province.

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Treaty of Berlin (1878)

The Treaty of Berlin (formally the Treaty between Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Great Britain and Ireland, Italy, Russia, and the Ottoman Empire for the Settlement of Affairs in the East) was signed on 13 July 1878.

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Treaty of Lausanne

The Treaty of Lausanne (Traité de Lausanne, Lozan Antlaşması.) is a peace treaty negotiated during the Lausanne Conference of 1922–23 and signed in the Palais de Rumine in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 24 July 1923.

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Treaty of San Stefano

The 1878 Preliminary Treaty of San Stefano (Сан-Стефанский мир; Peace of San-Stefano, Сан-Стефанский мирный договор; Peace treaty of San-Stefano, or Ayastefanos Antlaşması) was a treaty between the Russian and Ottoman empires at the conclusion of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.

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Tsalka

Tsalka (tr,, or, Barmaqsız) is a town and municipality center in southern Georgia's Kvemo Kartli region. Caucasus Greeks and Tsalka are Pontic Greeks.

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Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.

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Turkish language

Turkish (Türkçe, Türk dili also Türkiye Türkçesi 'Turkish of Turkey') is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 90 to 100 million speakers.

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Turkish people

Turkish people or Turks (Türkler) are the largest Turkic people who speak various dialects of the Turkish language and form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus. Caucasus Greeks and Turkish people are peoples of the Caucasus.

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Urums

The Urums (Ουρούμ, Urúm; Turkish and Crimean Tatar: Urum) are several groups of Turkic-speaking Greek Orthodox people native to Crimea. Caucasus Greeks and Urums are Greek minorities, peoples of the Caucasus and Pontic Greeks.

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Vallahades

The Vallahades (Βαλαχάδες) or Valaades (Βαλαάδες) are a Muslim Macedonian Greek population who lived along the river Haliacmon in southwest Greek Macedonia, in and around Anaselitsa (modern Neapoli) and Grevena.

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Vladimir Triandafillov

Vladimir Kiriakovitch Triandafillov (14 March 189412 July 1931) was a Soviet military commander and theoretician considered by many to be the "father of Soviet operational art". Caucasus Greeks and Vladimir Triandafillov are Pontic Greeks.

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White movement

The White movement (p), also known as the Whites (Бѣлые / Белые, Beliye), was a loose confederation of anti-communist forces that fought the communist Bolsheviks, also known as the Reds, in the Russian Civil War and that to a lesser extent continued operating as militarized associations of rebels both outside and within Russian borders in Siberia until roughly World War II (1939–1945).

See Caucasus Greeks and White movement

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasus_Greeks

Also known as Caucasian Greeks, Greeks in Abkhazia, Greeks in Caucasus, Greeks in the Caucasus.

, Estonians, Filaret Galchev, First Republic of Armenia, Fyodor Yurchikhin, Gavras, Gaziler, Şenkaya, Göle, Gülbahar, Gümüşhane, George Gurdjieff, George of Drama, Georgia (country), Georgians, Georgians in Turkey, Gezenek, Şenkaya, Greek Caucasus Division, Greek Civil War, Greek Muslims, Greek War of Independence, Greeks, Greeks in Armenia, Greeks in Azerbaijan, Greeks in Georgia, Greeks in Russia and Ukraine, Halefoğlu, Kars, Hanak, Heraclius II of Georgia, Horasan, House of Gurieli, Islam in Georgia (country), Ivan Savvidis, Ivane Andronikashvili, Kağızman, Kakhi Kakhiashvili, Kars, Kars oblast, Kartalpınar, Ardahan, Katharevousa, Kaynak, Şenkaya, Kilkis, Komnenos, Kurds, Kuzupınarı, Göle, Lala Mustafa Pasha's Caucasian campaign, Laz language, Lesser Caucasus, Lithuanians, Macedonia (Greece), Mariupol, Marneuli, Mehmed IV, Meskhetian Turks, Mikhail Afanasov, Molokans, National Liberation Front (Greece), North Caucasus, Oltu, Oluklu, Selim, Omari Tetradze, Ormanlı, Şenkaya, Ossetians, Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856, Ovapınar, Ardahan, Pamphylia Tanailidi, Phasis (town), Polish people, Pontic Greek, Pontic Greeks, Pontic Mountains, Pontus (region), Reşid Mehmed Pasha, Reforms of Russian orthography, Republic of Pontus, Russia, Russian Empire, Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Samtskhe–Javakheti, Sarıkamış, Selim District, Selim I, Sergey Merkurov, South Caucasus, Soviet Union, Stavropol Krai, Tahtakıran, Göle, Tbilisi, Thessaloniki, Trabzon, Treaty of Berlin (1878), Treaty of Lausanne, Treaty of San Stefano, Tsalka, Turkey, Turkish language, Turkish people, Urums, Vallahades, Vladimir Triandafillov, White movement, World War I, Yalnızçam, Ardahan, Yanatlı, Yanis Kanidis, Yavuzlar, Göle, Yeleçli, Göle, Yenidemirkapı, Göle, Yeniköy, Sarıkamış, Yiğitkonağı, Göle.

Caucasus Greeks, the Glossary

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